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Research Anthology on Digital Transformation, Organizational Change, and the Impact of Remote Work最新文献

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Leading Digital Transformation in Higher Education 引领高等教育数字化转型
C. E. Miller
The pace of innovation continues to accelerate. Students expect campuses to keep pace with the technology they use in their daily lives, and the technology they will likely need to use when they enter the workforce as graduates. Students and their families now pay more of the costs associated with earning a degree, and they want to have a voice in campus planning and decision making. Higher education technology leaders will need to help their campuses shift from incremental adoption of disparate technologies to digital transformation. Digital transformation includes adopting innovative technologies to transform mission critical activities and optimizing related processes and data with the objective of increasing customer satisfaction and providing an excellent end user experience. To guide digital transformation, technology leaders in higher education need a toolkit to build buy-in and facilitate cultural transformation on their campuses.
创新的步伐在不断加快。学生们希望校园能够跟上他们日常生活中使用的技术,以及他们作为毕业生进入劳动力市场时可能需要使用的技术。学生和他们的家庭现在为获得学位支付更多的费用,他们希望在校园规划和决策中有发言权。高等教育技术领导者需要帮助他们的校园从渐进式采用不同的技术转向数字化转型。数字化转型包括采用创新技术来转变关键任务活动,优化相关流程和数据,以提高客户满意度并提供出色的最终用户体验。为了引导数字化转型,高等教育的技术领导者需要一个工具包来建立支持并促进校园文化转型。
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引用次数: 2
Developing and Validating Measurement Instrument for Various Aspects of Digital economy 数字经济各方面测量仪器的开发与验证
N. Z. Hrustek, R. Mekovec, Igor Pihir
ICT-driven innovations affect all sectors of economy and society where trends like adaptability, remote workforce, augmented reality/virtual reality, internet of things, smart machines and artificial intelligence run the core of digital transformation of every aspect of a business. This article introduces the measurement instrument that was created and validated with intention of questioning certain aspects of digital economy from the user point of view. The validation of the proposed measurement instrument was conducted by applying factor analysis (Principal component analysis - PCA) which revealed critical factors affecting certain aspects of digital economy: e-commerce, e-banking, e-work (telework) and e-employment. Measurement instruments were tested on 197 respondents from two Croatian counties. To maximise the benefits that can be derived from digital transformation it is essential to overcome all barriers and force employment of opened opportunities. Business alignment with IT remains a challenge; therefore, presented results are valuable input in the discussed domain.
信息通信技术驱动的创新影响着经济和社会的各个领域,其中适应性、远程劳动力、增强现实/虚拟现实、物联网、智能机器和人工智能等趋势是企业各个方面数字化转型的核心。本文介绍了一种测量工具,旨在从用户的角度对数字经济的某些方面提出质疑。通过应用因子分析(主成分分析- PCA)对拟议的测量工具进行验证,揭示了影响数字经济某些方面的关键因素:电子商务,电子银行,电子工作(远程工作)和电子就业。对来自克罗地亚两个县的197名答复者进行了测量仪器测试。为了最大限度地利用数字化转型带来的好处,必须克服所有障碍,并利用开放的机会。业务与IT保持一致仍然是一个挑战;因此,所提出的结果在讨论的领域是有价值的输入。
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引用次数: 1
Rethinking the Contribution of Organizational Change to the Teaching and Learning of Organizational Behaviour and Human Resource Management 重新思考组织变革对组织行为学和人力资源管理教学的贡献
John Mendy
One of the great attributes of acting as a Human Resource Manager is being reasonable. One may not know what is best for a company but one should be able to identify, reasonably, when in-house fighting and resistance on the shop floor are disadvantageous. While agreeing with the law one must also be aware, again reasonably, that it may be in conflict with itself. One's job is to resolve difficulties to the benefit of all parties – once more reasonably – even when one's emotions are on the side of one of the parties. In short, there is a job to do, but there is a difficulty: doing so successfully depends on being reasonable as well as developing expertise. However, being reasonable is precisely what the scientific method does not support although being an expert could be a desirable attribute. It excludes anything that contributes to a bias, including the bias that trust, fairness and team spirit introduce (Huczynski & Buchanan, 2013). The result is well known: the scientific method tends to support commodification, objectification and reification and elicits resistance (Pitsakis & Kuin, 2012; Mahadevan, 2012) even on phenomenon-driven change (Schwarz & Stensaker, 2014). HRM officers do not seem to have done too badly however – albeit without the support of the scientific method (Ford, Ford, & D'Amelio, 2008). This does not mean that support would be wasted or impossible. The aim of the present chapter is to explore what it might look like. The result is a series of recommendations, based on a study showing how some employees proved able to contribute as experts to their companies even after they had been threatened of being fired due to heavy economic weather. This finding serves as an important lesson, i.e. that there are ways other than the scientific method to turn personal motivations and objectives into resources. These ways include creating an HRM/OB platform for change that helps to link people. They make it possible to create structures that help individuals to achieve ‘expert presence', i.e. expertise to deal with difficulties in the workplace in the here and now.
作为一名人力资源经理,最重要的特质之一就是理性。一个人可能不知道什么是对公司最好的,但他应该能够合理地识别,当内部斗争和车间的抵抗是不利的。在同意法律的同时,人们也必须合理地意识到,它可能与自己相冲突。一个人的工作是为了各方的利益而解决困难——再一次更合理地解决——即使自己的情绪站在一方。简而言之,有一项工作要做,但有一个困难:成功地做到这一点,既要讲道理,也要培养专业知识。然而,理性正是科学方法所不支持的,尽管成为专家可能是一种可取的属性。它排除了任何导致偏见的因素,包括信任、公平和团队精神引入的偏见(Huczynski & Buchanan, 2013)。其结果是众所周知的:科学方法倾向于支持商品化、客体化和物化,并引发抵制(Pitsakis & Kuin, 2012;Mahadevan, 2012)甚至对现象驱动的变化(Schwarz & Stensaker, 2014)。然而,人力资源管理人员似乎并没有做得太糟糕——尽管没有科学方法的支持(Ford, Ford, & D’amelio, 2008)。这并不意味着支持是浪费或不可能的。本章的目的是探讨它可能是什么样子的。结果是一系列建议,这些建议是基于一项研究,该研究显示,一些员工即使在因经济不景气而面临被解雇的威胁时,仍能以专家的身份为公司做出贡献。这一发现是一个重要的教训,即除了科学方法之外,还有其他方法可以将个人动机和目标转化为资源。这些方法包括创建一个有助于将人们联系起来的人力资源管理/业务管理平台。它们使创建帮助个人实现“专家风度”的结构成为可能,即在此时此地处理工作场所困难的专业知识。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Impact of Flexible and Permeable Work-Life Boundaries in a Mobile World 探索灵活和可渗透的工作-生活界限在移动世界中的影响
D. McCloskey
Work-life boundaries are often studied on a segmentation-integration continuum, which fails to consider that boundaries can be multidimensional. A flexible boundary allows work to be completed at different times and locations, whereas a permeable boundary allows for the integration of work and personal demands. This chapter examines boundary flexibility, home boundary permeability, and work boundary permeability as separate constructs, positing eight possible boundary configurations. In this exploratory research, differences in demographics, technology usage, work-family conflict, and work and life satisfaction for 65 knowledge workers who maintain different levels of boundary flexibility and permeability are examined. This research offers a new boundary configuration framework, which should guide future research and organizational policy.
工作-生活边界通常是在分割-整合连续体上研究的,这没有考虑到边界可以是多维的。灵活的边界允许在不同的时间和地点完成工作,而可渗透的边界允许工作和个人需求的整合。本章将边界灵活性、家庭边界渗透率和工作边界渗透率作为单独的结构进行研究,提出了八种可能的边界配置。本研究考察了65名保持不同边界灵活性和渗透性水平的知识型员工在人口统计学、技术使用、工作-家庭冲突、工作和生活满意度方面的差异。本研究提供了一个新的边界配置框架,可以指导未来的研究和组织政策。
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引用次数: 2
Accessible and Inclusive Content and Applications 可访问和包容的内容和应用程序
Tom Brunet, P. Ramachandran
As devices have become smaller and more pervasive, usage scenarios that have historically been common for people with disabilities are finding more general application for all users. Overall, the consideration of accessibility improves the usability of applications for all users. This chapter will discuss standards for accessibility, inclusive design, and topics related to the development of accessible mobile content and applications. The discussion will apply to mobile content, such as EPUB documents, and topics related to Web, native, and hybrid applications.
随着设备变得越来越小,越来越普及,过去对残疾人很常见的使用场景正在为所有用户找到更普遍的应用。总的来说,考虑可访问性可以提高应用程序对所有用户的可用性。本章将讨论可访问性标准、包容性设计以及与可访问移动内容和应用程序开发相关的主题。讨论将适用于移动内容,例如EPUB文档,以及与Web、本机和混合应用程序相关的主题。
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引用次数: 1
Strategic Leadership, Readiness for Change, and Innovative Work Behavior 战略领导、变革准备和创新工作行为
Meltem Akca
At the present time, business work environments are becoming more volatile and competitive. The development of information technologies, rapid changes of organizational structures, changeable customer attitudes are more important for today's organizations. These features of the marketplace direct organizations to be in search of new methods to achieve and maintain sustainable performance. Leadership, employee favorable work behavior, technological investments are some methods to provide continuity of an organization's existence. This chapter aims to obtain influence of strategic leadership on the employees' innovative work behavior. Furthermore, it is expected to obtain the mediator role of readiness for change in this relation. In the study, the sample is composed of four-star hotel employees in Antalya, Turkey. This evidence-based field study proves new implementation's impact on the employees.
目前,商业工作环境变得越来越不稳定,竞争也越来越激烈。信息技术的发展、组织结构的快速变化、顾客态度的变化对当今的组织来说更为重要。市场的这些特点直接要求组织寻找新的方法来实现和保持可持续的绩效。领导,员工良好的工作行为,技术投资是提供组织存在的连续性的一些方法。本章旨在获得战略领导对员工创新工作行为的影响。此外,期望在这种关系中获得变化准备度的中介作用。在研究中,样本由土耳其安塔利亚的四星级酒店员工组成。这个基于证据的实地研究证明了新实施对员工的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Graph Tools for Social Network Analysis 社交网络分析的图形工具
N. Akhtar, Mohd Vasim Ahamad
A social network can be defined as a complex graph, which is a collection of nodes connected via edges. Nodes represent individual actors or people in the network, whereas edges define relationships among those actors. Most popular social networks are Facebook, Twitter, and Google+. To analyze these social networks, one needs specialized tools for analysis. This chapter presents a comparative study of such tools based on the general graph aspects as well as the social network mining aspects. While considering the general graph aspects, this chapter presents a comparative study of four social network analysis tools—NetworkX, Gephi, Pajek, and IGraph—based on the platform, execution time, graph types, algorithm complexity, input file format, and graph features. On the basis of the social network mining aspects, the chapter provides a comparative study on five specialized tools—Weka, NetMiner 4, RapidMiner, KNIME, and R—with respect to the supported mining tasks, main functionality, acceptable input formats, output formats, and platform used.
社交网络可以定义为一个复图,它是通过边连接的节点的集合。节点表示网络中的个体参与者或人员,而边缘则定义这些参与者之间的关系。最流行的社交网络是Facebook、Twitter和Google+。要分析这些社会网络,需要专门的分析工具。本章从一般图形方面和社会网络挖掘方面对这些工具进行了比较研究。在考虑一般图形方面的同时,本章基于平台、执行时间、图形类型、算法复杂性、输入文件格式和图形特征,对四种社交网络分析工具——networkx、Gephi、Pajek和igraph进行了比较研究。在社交网络挖掘方面的基础上,本章对五种专业工具(weka、NetMiner 4、RapidMiner、KNIME和r)进行了比较研究,包括支持的挖掘任务、主要功能、可接受的输入格式、输出格式和使用的平台。
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引用次数: 12
Emergence of Industry 4.0 Technologies 工业4.0技术的出现
L. Gamidullaeva, S. Vasin, E. Shkarupeta, T. Tolstykh, A. Finogeev, G. Surovitskaya, Sergey Kanarev
Innovations in the modern world are not simply connected with the opportunities of digital technologies but also largely based on them. This is exactly why the full-fledged successive industrial sector's digitization will become a platform for qualitative changes of the economy and long-term opportunities. Thus, the transition to digital technologies is inevitable, but from another perspective, this very transition cannot be the absolute goal. In this chapter, the authors aimed at providing a better understanding for Industry 4.0 concept and its application benefits for Russia. The main problem is how the Russian Federation acts against the economically developed countries, which are the creators of Industry 4.0. This chapter mainly focuses on presenting the authors' views on how to sustain and increase competitive advantage of the Russian Federation by catching and implementing Industry 4.0. With Industry 4.0, Russian Federation gets a bigger share of the world manufacturing value chain.
现代世界的创新不仅与数字技术的机遇有关,而且在很大程度上也是基于这些机遇。这就是为什么成熟的连续工业部门的数字化将成为经济质变和长期机遇的平台。因此,向数字技术的过渡是不可避免的,但从另一个角度来看,这种过渡不可能是绝对的目标。在本章中,作者旨在更好地理解工业4.0概念及其对俄罗斯的应用效益。主要问题是俄罗斯联邦如何对抗经济发达国家,这些国家是工业4.0的创造者。本章主要侧重于介绍作者对如何通过抓住和实施工业4.0来维持和增加俄罗斯联邦竞争优势的看法。通过工业4.0,俄罗斯在世界制造业价值链中占有更大的份额。
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引用次数: 0
Women in STEM Workplaces and Computer-Mediated Communication STEM工作场所中的女性与计算机媒介通信
S. Burleson, Whitney A. Tyler, D. Major, Katelyn R. Reynoldson
As women have the potential to bring unique perspectives to the workplace, the under-representation of women in STEM occupations is a severe limitation to global advancement through research and innovation. Workplace utilization of computer-mediated communication (CMC) may impact common barriers faced by women in STEM, such as stereotypes, a “chilly” workplace climate, lack of social support and mentorship opportunities, and work-family conflict. As organizations shift further into the use of virtual communication, it is essential to take advantage of CMC as a way to facilitate gender equality in the workplace while simultaneously mitigating barriers workplace CMC may present for women in STEM. The potential implications of workplace virtual communication, virtual teams, e-mentoring, cyber incivility, and telecommuting for women in STEM careers are discussed.
由于女性有潜力为工作场所带来独特的视角,女性在STEM职业中的代表性不足严重限制了通过研究和创新实现全球进步。在工作场所使用计算机媒介沟通(CMC)可能会影响女性在STEM领域面临的常见障碍,如刻板印象、“寒冷”的工作环境、缺乏社会支持和指导机会,以及工作与家庭的冲突。随着组织进一步转向使用虚拟通信,利用CMC作为促进工作场所性别平等的一种方式,同时减轻工作场所CMC可能给STEM女性带来的障碍,这一点至关重要。讨论了工作场所虚拟通信、虚拟团队、电子指导、网络不文明和远程办公对STEM职业女性的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 0
Change and Change Management in Organizations 组织中的变革和变革管理
G. Kerse
The aim of this chapter is to make it easier to understand the concept of change and offer some suggestions on how the change should be managed. In this direction, change, change management, and its importance have been dealt with, and a conceptual framework has been established through examples. Then, the types of change are discussed by explaining what environmental factors bring about the change. The process of managing change is reviewed; the resistance to change and the sources that reveal this resistance are examined, as well as how to overcome the resistance. Finally, the role of the leader in change management and creating change culture has been discussed.
本章的目的是让人们更容易理解变更的概念,并就如何管理变更提供一些建议。在这个方向上,论述了变更、变更管理及其重要性,并通过实例建立了概念框架。然后,通过解释导致变化的环境因素来讨论变化的类型。对管理变更的过程进行评审;对变革的阻力和揭示这种阻力的来源进行了检查,以及如何克服阻力。最后,讨论了领导者在变革管理和创造变革文化中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Research Anthology on Digital Transformation, Organizational Change, and the Impact of Remote Work
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