Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.744
Fazli Akbar, Nisar Ahmad, Muslih ud Din, Shah Abbas, Nadeem Khan, Nasir Iqbal
Background: Historically, surgeons in the past have opted for delayed feeding after enteric anastomosis. The purpose of our study is to compare early feeding versus delayed feeding after gut anastomosis.Objectives: The study aims to compare the outcomes of early feeding with delayed feeding after intestinal anastomosis including both small and large bowel surgeries.Material and Methods: A total of 120 patients who underwent intestinal anastomosis, either elective or emergency procedures, were included in this randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted for 6 months starting from 1st January-2022 to 30th June-2022. In group A; early feeding started within 6 hours of surgery. In group B, feeding started after return of normal bowel movements usually after 72 hours.Results: Mean age of patients in group A was 42.06 with 46 (76.7%) males and 14 (23.3%) females. In group B, the mean age was 40.43 years with 39 (65.0%) males and 21 (35.0%) females. The primary diagnosis was infections in 27 (45%) patients in group A and 29 (48.3%) patients in group B. Mean time to pass the first flatus in group A was 2.70 days with standard deviation of 2.78 and in group B, it was 3.50 days with standard deviation of 3.33. Mean time to pass first stool in group A was 3.67 days with a standard deviation of 2.44 and in group B was 4.97 days with a standard deviation of 3.65. Mean duration of hospital stay (HS) was 3.06 days with a standard deviation of 2.75 in group A and in group B was 4.43 days with a standard deviation of 4.65. Number of patients (n = 60) being constant for both the groups.Conclusion: Early oral feeding following elective intestinal anastomosis is safe and results in a quicker recovery of normal bowel movements, as well as shorter hospital stay.Keywords: Conventional feeding, Early oral feeding, Intestinal anastomosis.
{"title":"Outcomes of Early Versus Delayed Feeding in Patients Undergoing Intestinal Anastomosis","authors":"Fazli Akbar, Nisar Ahmad, Muslih ud Din, Shah Abbas, Nadeem Khan, Nasir Iqbal","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.744","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Historically, surgeons in the past have opted for delayed feeding after enteric anastomosis. The purpose of our study is to compare early feeding versus delayed feeding after gut anastomosis.Objectives: The study aims to compare the outcomes of early feeding with delayed feeding after intestinal anastomosis including both small and large bowel surgeries.Material and Methods: A total of 120 patients who underwent intestinal anastomosis, either elective or emergency procedures, were included in this randomized controlled trial. The study was conducted for 6 months starting from 1st January-2022 to 30th June-2022. In group A; early feeding started within 6 hours of surgery. In group B, feeding started after return of normal bowel movements usually after 72 hours.Results: Mean age of patients in group A was 42.06 with 46 (76.7%) males and 14 (23.3%) females. In group B, the mean age was 40.43 years with 39 (65.0%) males and 21 (35.0%) females. The primary diagnosis was infections in 27 (45%) patients in group A and 29 (48.3%) patients in group B. Mean time to pass the first flatus in group A was 2.70 days with standard deviation of 2.78 and in group B, it was 3.50 days with standard deviation of 3.33. Mean time to pass first stool in group A was 3.67 days with a standard deviation of 2.44 and in group B was 4.97 days with a standard deviation of 3.65. Mean duration of hospital stay (HS) was 3.06 days with a standard deviation of 2.75 in group A and in group B was 4.43 days with a standard deviation of 4.65. Number of patients (n = 60) being constant for both the groups.Conclusion: Early oral feeding following elective intestinal anastomosis is safe and results in a quicker recovery of normal bowel movements, as well as shorter hospital stay.Keywords: Conventional feeding, Early oral feeding, Intestinal anastomosis.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.830
Mansoor Ahmed Rahoojo, Muhammad Shahzad, Munawar Ali Baloch, Faiza Hasan, Zahid Hussain Siyal, P. Salman, Salman Shams
Background: Exodontia is the process of removing a tooth from its socket within the alveolar bone. Pain, bleeding, and non-healing are common complications associated with exodontias.Objectives: To compare bleeding time, pain, and healing after dental extraction using Ferrum Phosphoricum (FP) and a sterile gauze pack (SGP).Material and Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 236 patients selected through consecutive sampling. Medically healthy individuals aged 15 to 60 were included while unwilling participants, those with medical complications, substance abuse history, fractures, or pregnancy were excluded. Patient data, including age, gender, and intervention details, were documented. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: FP tablets and pressure pack. Hemostasis achievement time, healing, and pain were recorded for both groups. Chi-square and Student t-tests were employed for comparisons.Results: The SGP group had a longer bleeding time (6.09±1.41 min) than the FP group (2.37±0.95 min) (p<0.001). Abnormal bleeding was observed in 55.9% of the SGP group but not in the FP group (p<0.001). Regarding pain scores, on Day 3 and Day 7 post-operation, the FP group reported significantly lower pain scores than the SGP group (p<0.001). However, by Day 14, both groups had no reported pain (0.0±0.0). Moderate and severe pain were more prevalent in the SGP group than in the FP group on Day 3 and Day 7, with statistically significant differences (p<0.001). The healing score was significantly lower in the FP compared to the Gauze pack group on Day 3, 7, and 14 (p<0.001).Conclusion: Ferrum Phosphoricum is superior in controlling post-extraction bleeding, pain management, and wound healing compared to a sterile gauze pack.Keywords: Bleeding, Dental Extraction, Hemorrhage, Socket, Sterile.
{"title":"Comparison between Ferrum Phosphoricum and Sterile Gauze Pack after Dental Extraction","authors":"Mansoor Ahmed Rahoojo, Muhammad Shahzad, Munawar Ali Baloch, Faiza Hasan, Zahid Hussain Siyal, P. Salman, Salman Shams","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.830","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exodontia is the process of removing a tooth from its socket within the alveolar bone. Pain, bleeding, and non-healing are common complications associated with exodontias.Objectives: To compare bleeding time, pain, and healing after dental extraction using Ferrum Phosphoricum (FP) and a sterile gauze pack (SGP).Material and Methods: This randomized controlled trial included 236 patients selected through consecutive sampling. Medically healthy individuals aged 15 to 60 were included while unwilling participants, those with medical complications, substance abuse history, fractures, or pregnancy were excluded. Patient data, including age, gender, and intervention details, were documented. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: FP tablets and pressure pack. Hemostasis achievement time, healing, and pain were recorded for both groups. Chi-square and Student t-tests were employed for comparisons.Results: The SGP group had a longer bleeding time (6.09±1.41 min) than the FP group (2.37±0.95 min) (p<0.001). Abnormal bleeding was observed in 55.9% of the SGP group but not in the FP group (p<0.001). Regarding pain scores, on Day 3 and Day 7 post-operation, the FP group reported significantly lower pain scores than the SGP group (p<0.001). However, by Day 14, both groups had no reported pain (0.0±0.0). Moderate and severe pain were more prevalent in the SGP group than in the FP group on Day 3 and Day 7, with statistically significant differences (p<0.001). The healing score was significantly lower in the FP compared to the Gauze pack group on Day 3, 7, and 14 (p<0.001).Conclusion: Ferrum Phosphoricum is superior in controlling post-extraction bleeding, pain management, and wound healing compared to a sterile gauze pack.Keywords: Bleeding, Dental Extraction, Hemorrhage, Socket, Sterile.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138963096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.843
Izaz ur Rahman
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) was first recognized in 1944 in the Crimean Peninsula, CCHF virus is the leading cause of hemorrhagic fever in the world. It is a tick borne viral disease of genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae. Ixodid tick is the main reservoir of the virus spreading across globally in more than 40 countries. Average incubation period is 5-7 days of the virus. The onset of symptoms are acute and includes fever, myalgia, photophobia, dizziness, headache, abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and severe bleeding.
{"title":"Crimean-Congo Hemorragic Fever Outbreak in Pakistan: Emerging Threat.","authors":"Izaz ur Rahman","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.843","url":null,"abstract":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) was first recognized in 1944 in the Crimean Peninsula, CCHF virus is the leading cause of hemorrhagic fever in the world. It is a tick borne viral disease of genus Nairovirus, family Bunyaviridae. Ixodid tick is the main reservoir of the virus spreading across globally in more than 40 countries. Average incubation period is 5-7 days of the virus. The onset of symptoms are acute and includes fever, myalgia, photophobia, dizziness, headache, abdominal pain, hepatomegaly and severe bleeding.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138960769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.839
Umar Hussain, Farhad Ali
In medical and dental research, we are usually interested in understanding the real effect of two or more interventions (such as drugs or surgeries) on an outcome (such as signs and symptoms of a disease). To test such effects, we typically establish two hypotheses: the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. In the null hypothesis, the researcher assumes that there is no difference between the two interventions on the outcome, while the alternative hypothesis assumes that a difference exists. We collect, clean, and analyze data using an appropriate statistical test. The test produces a p-value, which ranges from 0 to 1. The researcher sets a significance level (usually p ≤ 0.05).A small p-value (typically ≤ 0.05) suggests there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis. Conversely, a larger p-value indicates a lack of evidence to reject the null hypothesis.
在医学和牙科研究中，我们通常希望了解两种或两种以上干预措施（如药物或手术）对结果（如疾病的体征和症状）的实际影响。为了检验这种效果，我们通常会提出两个假设：零假设和备择假设。在零假设中，研究人员假定两种干预措施对结果没有差异，而在备择假设中则假定存在差异。我们使用适当的统计检验来收集、清理和分析数据。研究人员设定一个显著性水平（通常 p ≤ 0.05）。小的 p 值（通常 ≤ 0.05）表明有足够的证据来拒绝零假设，支持备择假设。相反，如果 p 值较大，则表明缺乏拒绝零假设的证据。
{"title":"Meaning of P-value","authors":"Umar Hussain, Farhad Ali","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.839","url":null,"abstract":"In medical and dental research, we are usually interested in understanding the real effect of two or more interventions (such as drugs or surgeries) on an outcome (such as signs and symptoms of a disease). To test such effects, we typically establish two hypotheses: the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. In the null hypothesis, the researcher assumes that there is no difference between the two interventions on the outcome, while the alternative hypothesis assumes that a difference exists. We collect, clean, and analyze data using an appropriate statistical test. The test produces a p-value, which ranges from 0 to 1. The researcher sets a significance level (usually p ≤ 0.05).A small p-value (typically ≤ 0.05) suggests there is enough evidence to reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis. Conversely, a larger p-value indicates a lack of evidence to reject the null hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.825
Wajeeha Qayyum, Zaland Ahmed Yousafzai, Malghalara Afridi, Muhammad Fozan Khan, Rizwan Amin Kundi, Bilal Iqbal
Background: Enteric fever is one of the most common infections in Southeast Asia. Over the last decade, increasing drug resistance against salmonella has been documented. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the drug resistance pattern of salmonella typhi at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar over one year, from June 2022 to June 2023. All the patients who had culture-proven typhoid were included in the study. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined against conventional and latest antibiotics used for typhoid fever. Data was analyzed through SPSS24.Results: Out of 284 patients, 60.6% (n=172) were males and the mean age was 24.07±11.65 years. Only 11.3% (n=32) had non-resistant typhoid fever. Extended Spectrum Beta lactamase resistance was noted in 43.3 % (n=123), Extensive drug resistance (XDR) in 37.3% (n=106), and multidrug resistance (MDR) in 8.1% (n=23) of total cases. Salmonella typhi was sensitive to Azithromycin and Meropenem in 100% and 99.6% of cases respectively. Its sensitivity to cotrimoxazole, Chloramphenicol, and Ampicillin was 48.9%, 17.6%, and 7.70% respectively. Only 2.5% of typhoid cases were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Drug-resistant typhoid has shown a rising trend. Conventional antibiotic therapy has developed significant resistance. Azithromycin and Meropenem have shown good sensitivity to Salmonella.Keywords: Drug Resistance, Sensitivity, Typhoid
{"title":"Drug Resistance Pattern of Salmonella Typhi in Patients Suffering from Enteric Fever - Experience from Tertiary Care Hospital of Peshawar.","authors":"Wajeeha Qayyum, Zaland Ahmed Yousafzai, Malghalara Afridi, Muhammad Fozan Khan, Rizwan Amin Kundi, Bilal Iqbal","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.825","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Enteric fever is one of the most common infections in Southeast Asia. Over the last decade, increasing drug resistance against salmonella has been documented. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the drug resistance pattern of salmonella typhi at a tertiary care hospital in Peshawar.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar over one year, from June 2022 to June 2023. All the patients who had culture-proven typhoid were included in the study. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined against conventional and latest antibiotics used for typhoid fever. Data was analyzed through SPSS24.Results: Out of 284 patients, 60.6% (n=172) were males and the mean age was 24.07±11.65 years. Only 11.3% (n=32) had non-resistant typhoid fever. Extended Spectrum Beta lactamase resistance was noted in 43.3 % (n=123), Extensive drug resistance (XDR) in 37.3% (n=106), and multidrug resistance (MDR) in 8.1% (n=23) of total cases. Salmonella typhi was sensitive to Azithromycin and Meropenem in 100% and 99.6% of cases respectively. Its sensitivity to cotrimoxazole, Chloramphenicol, and Ampicillin was 48.9%, 17.6%, and 7.70% respectively. Only 2.5% of typhoid cases were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin.Conclusion: Drug-resistant typhoid has shown a rising trend. Conventional antibiotic therapy has developed significant resistance. Azithromycin and Meropenem have shown good sensitivity to Salmonella.Keywords: Drug Resistance, Sensitivity, Typhoid","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: COVID-19 has a considerable impact on the psychological wellbeing of front-line hospital staff. Therefore, it is extremely important to identify the healthcare workers who are at increased risk of psychological stress.Objectives: To determine mental health issues due to COVID-19 among health care workers during the pandemic. To determine the factors behind mental health issues among healthcare workers during COVID-19Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study, carried out at two major tertiary hospitals in Peshawar Khyber teaching hospital (KTH) and Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC). The participants included house officers, trainees, consultants and nurses. Data was collected through questionnaires. Survey tools such as Patient Health questionnaire -9 (PHQ-9) scale for depression and Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) scale for anxiety were used. Chi -square test was applied to find association between mental health issues and COVID-19.Results: About 230 HCWs participated having equal number of males and females. Most of the participants were in age group 25-30 and were composed of trainee medical officers. We found that 61.2% of the participants screened positive for depression while 52.6% of the participants screened positive for anxiety and it was due to dissatisfaction towards facilities provided by their respective hospitals. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression were prevalent among the health care workers especially younger and un married individuals during COVID -19. To foster supportive work environment effective strategies are needed.Keywords: Anxiety, Covid -19, Depression, Pandemic
{"title":"The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Healthcare Professionals and Paramedical Staff Working in Peshawar, KP","authors":"Savaira Khalid, Waleed Zeb, Bibi Aliya, Adeela Mustafa, Aiman Hidayat, Nisha Bakhtyar, Minahil Ayub","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.785","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 has a considerable impact on the psychological wellbeing of front-line hospital staff. Therefore, it is extremely important to identify the healthcare workers who are at increased risk of psychological stress.Objectives: To determine mental health issues due to COVID-19 among health care workers during the pandemic. To determine the factors behind mental health issues among healthcare workers during COVID-19Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study, carried out at two major tertiary hospitals in Peshawar Khyber teaching hospital (KTH) and Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC). The participants included house officers, trainees, consultants and nurses. Data was collected through questionnaires. Survey tools such as Patient Health questionnaire -9 (PHQ-9) scale for depression and Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD-7) scale for anxiety were used. Chi -square test was applied to find association between mental health issues and COVID-19.Results: About 230 HCWs participated having equal number of males and females. Most of the participants were in age group 25-30 and were composed of trainee medical officers. We found that 61.2% of the participants screened positive for depression while 52.6% of the participants screened positive for anxiety and it was due to dissatisfaction towards facilities provided by their respective hospitals. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression were prevalent among the health care workers especially younger and un married individuals during COVID -19. To foster supportive work environment effective strategies are needed.Keywords: Anxiety, Covid -19, Depression, Pandemic","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.812
Ayesha Sajjad, Shifa Basharat, Faryal Javaid, Ayesha Safdar, Raazia Mahmood, Maria Tasneem Khattak, Iqbal Mohammad Khan
Background: Sleep is one of the most important determinants of human health. The quality of sleep has significant effects on academic performance and is influenced by multiple factors.Objectives: To determine the association between sleep patterns / Quality and academic performance of dental undergraduates during their summative clinical examination by using an objective measure.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, from February 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023. A sample size of 82 was calculated by the Open Epi calculator. A validated questionnaire of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used in this study. The study participants were selected by convenience based consecutive sampling technique and were 3rd BDS Students appearing in annual General Medicine Examination. After data collection, these variables were analyzed by SPSS version 26 software.Results: This study comprised 43(52.4%) female and 39(47.6%) male participants, and amongst them, 34.1% of females and 20.7% of males rendered their sleep quality bad, whereas 18.3% of females and 26.8% of males responded otherwise. The findings were positively associated with bad sleep quality (47.6%). Measures of sleep quality were significantly deranged among poor sleepers compared to normal sleepers. On average, the academic performance of poor-quality sleepers was good compared to good-quality sleepers. Still, this finding is not statistically significant, as evidenced by the t-test (Mean 574 ± SD 62.156 vs. 581 ± 79.769) and p-value of 0.640.Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was common among our students. The academic performance of these students was not statistically significant in comparison to that of good quality sleepers. Keywords: Academic performance, Dental undergraduates, PSQI, Sleep quality
{"title":"P16 Expression in Grading of Urothelial Carcinoma","authors":"Ayesha Sajjad, Shifa Basharat, Faryal Javaid, Ayesha Safdar, Raazia Mahmood, Maria Tasneem Khattak, Iqbal Mohammad Khan","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.4.812","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep is one of the most important determinants of human health. The quality of sleep has significant effects on academic performance and is influenced by multiple factors.Objectives: To determine the association between sleep patterns / Quality and academic performance of dental undergraduates during their summative clinical examination by using an objective measure.Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar, from February 1, 2023, to June 30, 2023. A sample size of 82 was calculated by the Open Epi calculator. A validated questionnaire of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used in this study. The study participants were selected by convenience based consecutive sampling technique and were 3rd BDS Students appearing in annual General Medicine Examination. After data collection, these variables were analyzed by SPSS version 26 software.Results: This study comprised 43(52.4%) female and 39(47.6%) male participants, and amongst them, 34.1% of females and 20.7% of males rendered their sleep quality bad, whereas 18.3% of females and 26.8% of males responded otherwise. The findings were positively associated with bad sleep quality (47.6%). Measures of sleep quality were significantly deranged among poor sleepers compared to normal sleepers. On average, the academic performance of poor-quality sleepers was good compared to good-quality sleepers. Still, this finding is not statistically significant, as evidenced by the t-test (Mean 574 ± SD 62.156 vs. 581 ± 79.769) and p-value of 0.640.Conclusion: Poor sleep quality was common among our students. The academic performance of these students was not statistically significant in comparison to that of good quality sleepers. Keywords: Academic performance, Dental undergraduates, PSQI, Sleep quality","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.783
Muhammad Imran Khan, Fatima Sultan Ahmad Ahmad, Fariha Afzal, Zeeshan Sultan, Zahid Nazar, Jibran Umar Ayub Khan
Background: Chronic liver disease accounts for 2.2% of deaths and 1.5% of disability-adjusted life years. Variceal bleeding is one of the preventable caused of death in chronic liver disease. About 30-40% of patients with compensated cirrhosis and 85% of those with decompensated cirrhosis are found to possess EV on screening endoscopy.Objective: To determine the correlation between Portal Vein Diameter (PVD) on ultrasound examination and grades of Esophageal Varices (EV) on endoscopy in patients with Chronic liver disease (CLD). Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, correlational study, carried out in the Department of Diagnostic Radiology in collaboration with the Department of Gastroenterology, at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of sixty patients were sampled via consecutive random sampling from Jan 2022 to Sept 2022. The criteria used for dilated portal vein was = 13mm and = 13 cm for splenomegaly. Results: Out of total 60 patients with CLD, PVD ranged from 10 to 18mm, mean PVD being 14.1mm ±1.4. The splenic sizes ranged from 10 to 23 cm, with the mean splenic cranio-caudal dimension being 14.9 cm ± 2.1. The highest association is between the large EV and PVD > 15 mm i.e., 52% of total large EVs. The differences between PVD to EV groups were statistically significant as determined by one-way ANOVA (F (2,57) =8.281, p= 0.001) and correlation was also statistically significant on Pearson's Correlation test (rs)[60] = 0.490, p < 0.001.Conclusion: As there is a significant positive correlation between PVD and grades of EV in CLD patients. The PVD on ultrasound should be utilized where an endoscopic facility is not available, or is overburdened, to prevent life threatening esophageal variceal bleed. Keywords: Chronic liver disease, Esophageal varices, Portal vein diameter.
{"title":"Correlation between Portal Vein Diameter and Esophageal Varices Grades in Chronic Liver Disease Patients using Ultrasonography and Endoscopy as a Diagnostic Tool","authors":"Muhammad Imran Khan, Fatima Sultan Ahmad Ahmad, Fariha Afzal, Zeeshan Sultan, Zahid Nazar, Jibran Umar Ayub Khan","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.783","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic liver disease accounts for 2.2% of deaths and 1.5% of disability-adjusted life years. Variceal bleeding is one of the preventable caused of death in chronic liver disease. About 30-40% of patients with compensated cirrhosis and 85% of those with decompensated cirrhosis are found to possess EV on screening endoscopy.Objective: To determine the correlation between Portal Vein Diameter (PVD) on ultrasound examination and grades of Esophageal Varices (EV) on endoscopy in patients with Chronic liver disease (CLD). Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, correlational study, carried out in the Department of Diagnostic Radiology in collaboration with the Department of Gastroenterology, at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of sixty patients were sampled via consecutive random sampling from Jan 2022 to Sept 2022. The criteria used for dilated portal vein was = 13mm and = 13 cm for splenomegaly. Results: Out of total 60 patients with CLD, PVD ranged from 10 to 18mm, mean PVD being 14.1mm ±1.4. The splenic sizes ranged from 10 to 23 cm, with the mean splenic cranio-caudal dimension being 14.9 cm ± 2.1. The highest association is between the large EV and PVD > 15 mm i.e., 52% of total large EVs. The differences between PVD to EV groups were statistically significant as determined by one-way ANOVA (F (2,57) =8.281, p= 0.001) and correlation was also statistically significant on Pearson's Correlation test (rs)[60] = 0.490, p < 0.001.Conclusion: As there is a significant positive correlation between PVD and grades of EV in CLD patients. The PVD on ultrasound should be utilized where an endoscopic facility is not available, or is overburdened, to prevent life threatening esophageal variceal bleed. Keywords: Chronic liver disease, Esophageal varices, Portal vein diameter.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.788
Muhammad Ishtiaq, Naeemullah, Nadia Qazi, Sherbaz Khan, Arif Iqbal, Yasir Khurshid
Background: Dairy farming is one of the important occupations worldwide but workers are also exposed to hazardous conditions and thus had high incidence and prevalence of health problems.Objective: To find the prevalence of health problems among dairy farm workers of Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2022 and February 2023 in the selected Districts of Peshawar and Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A convenience sampling technique was utilized, and a total of 206 dairy farm workers were enrolled. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The results revealed that 63.53% of dairy workers were aged above 40 years, 67.48% were illiterate, and 87.86% had a monthly income of less than PKR 30,000/-. Additionally, 68.45% were married, 71.36% had less than 10 years of dairy farming experience, and 47.09% worked more than 10 hours per day. Moreover, 41.26% presented with allergies, 23.30% had asthma, 31.07% had COPD, and 36.89% and 52.43% had chronic bronchitis and dry cough, respectively. Furthermore, 49.03% experienced disturbed sleep, 29.61% had nasal blockage, 10.68% had eye discharge, 41.26% had body aches and backache, 18.93% had skin allergies, and 23.30% had a history of minor injuries.Conclusion: This study highlights the significant burden of various health problems among dairy farm workers in the Peshawar and Swat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Addressing these issues through targeted interventions and comprehensive healthcare support is crucial for improving the well-being and productivity of this workforce in the agricultural sector.Keywords: Dairy Farming, Dermatitis, Duration, Injury, Working Hours,
{"title":"Health Problems among Dairy Farm Workers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan: A Cross Sectional Study","authors":"Muhammad Ishtiaq, Naeemullah, Nadia Qazi, Sherbaz Khan, Arif Iqbal, Yasir Khurshid","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.788","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dairy farming is one of the important occupations worldwide but workers are also exposed to hazardous conditions and thus had high incidence and prevalence of health problems.Objective: To find the prevalence of health problems among dairy farm workers of Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2022 and February 2023 in the selected Districts of Peshawar and Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A convenience sampling technique was utilized, and a total of 206 dairy farm workers were enrolled. Data collection was performed using a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The results revealed that 63.53% of dairy workers were aged above 40 years, 67.48% were illiterate, and 87.86% had a monthly income of less than PKR 30,000/-. Additionally, 68.45% were married, 71.36% had less than 10 years of dairy farming experience, and 47.09% worked more than 10 hours per day. Moreover, 41.26% presented with allergies, 23.30% had asthma, 31.07% had COPD, and 36.89% and 52.43% had chronic bronchitis and dry cough, respectively. Furthermore, 49.03% experienced disturbed sleep, 29.61% had nasal blockage, 10.68% had eye discharge, 41.26% had body aches and backache, 18.93% had skin allergies, and 23.30% had a history of minor injuries.Conclusion: This study highlights the significant burden of various health problems among dairy farm workers in the Peshawar and Swat districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Addressing these issues through targeted interventions and comprehensive healthcare support is crucial for improving the well-being and productivity of this workforce in the agricultural sector.Keywords: Dairy Farming, Dermatitis, Duration, Injury, Working Hours,","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.814
Nisar-ud-din, Saima Rahman
Rehabilitation is a term which is generally perceived to be linked into physical therapy, geriatrics, drug addiction, mental disorders or care of individuals with chronic illnesses. The core concept of rehabilitation is poorly understood among the general public and also in medical professionals. In Pakistan, the general perception about rehabilitation is “physiotherapy” because the department previously named the physiotherapy department were now converted to rehabilitation medicine department after availability of FCPS qualified rehabilitationmedicine consultants.
{"title":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation-A New Horizon in Saidu Group of Teaching Hospital Swat KPK","authors":"Nisar-ud-din, Saima Rahman","doi":"10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52206/jsmc.2023.13.3.814","url":null,"abstract":"Rehabilitation is a term which is generally perceived to be linked into physical therapy, geriatrics, drug addiction, mental disorders or care of individuals with chronic illnesses. The core concept of rehabilitation is poorly understood among the general public and also in medical professionals. In Pakistan, the general perception about rehabilitation is “physiotherapy” because the department previously named the physiotherapy department were now converted to rehabilitation medicine department after availability of FCPS qualified rehabilitationmedicine consultants.","PeriodicalId":326561,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Saidu Medical College, Swat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139335636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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