Global Environmental Change最新文献_第3页

Enhancing climate resilience of global dryland maize to cope with future 50-year climate warming 提高全球旱地玉米气候适应能力，应对未来50年气候变暖

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103088

Jing Wang , Bao-Zhong Wang , Fei Mo , Yinglong Chen , Mohammad Ashraf , Yang Wang , Jian-Ming Li , Hai-Xia Duan , Yajie Song , Levis Kavagi , Hong-Yan Tao , You-Cai Xiong

It is crucial to enhance climate resilience of global dryland maize to cope with future 50-year warming scenarios (2030–2079), including SSP2-4.5 (medium emission) and SSP5-8.5 (high emission). We first calibrated and validated the AquaCrop model using observational data of field production with plastic film mulching (water-saving) and without mulching (CK) across 2019 and 2020. Subsequently, we used the validated AquaCrop model to simulate and predict maize biomass and seed yield based on different sowing dates and mulching patterns, employing historical climate data (1995–2019) and projected data under future climate scenarios. The results indicated that, relative to historical period, biomass and seed yields would decline by 5.9 % and 16.5 % under CK, but increase by 22.2 % and 21.0 % under plastic film mulching over the next 50 years under global warming, respectively. The stability and sustainability index of biomass yield would decline in CK, yet significantly increase under mulching. Seed yield would decline from SSP2-4.5 to SSP5-8.5, while biomass yield would elevate significantly. Relative to historical period, under plastic film mulching, optimal planting date window (OPDW) for seed production would be averagely extended by 2.8 days under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, which is significantly shorter than the averagely extended OPDW for biomass production under future climate scenarios (7.6 days). Mulching strategy enables crops to better adapt to severe fluctuations of precipitation, temperature, and solar radiation than CK. Therefore, biomass-led, rather than seed-led, mulching production strategy promises future climate resilience and sustainability of global dryland maize, particularly under high emission scenario.

提高全球旱地玉米应对未来50年气候变暖情景（2030-2079）的气候适应能力至关重要，包括SSP2-4.5（中等排放）和SSP5-8.5（高排放）。我们首先使用2019年和2020年覆盖地膜（节水）和不覆盖地膜（CK）的田间生产观测数据对AquaCrop模型进行了校准和验证。随后，我们使用经过验证的AquaCrop模型，利用1995-2019年的历史气候数据和未来气候情景下的预测数据，对不同播种日期和覆盖方式的玉米生物量和种子产量进行了模拟和预测。结果表明：在全球变暖的背景下，未来50 a，对照历史时期，CK处理的生物量和种子产量将分别下降5.9%和16.5%，而地膜覆盖将分别增加22.2%和21.0%。生物量产量的稳定性和可持续性指数在对照处理下呈下降趋势，在覆盖条件下呈显著上升趋势。种子产量从SSP2-4.5下降到SSP5-8.5，生物量产量显著提高。与历史时期相比，在地膜覆盖下，SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5情景下，种子生产的最佳种植日期窗（OPDW）平均延长了2.8 d，显著短于未来气候情景下生物质生产的最佳种植日期窗（OPDW）的平均延长（7.6 d）。覆盖策略使作物比CK能更好地适应降水、温度和太阳辐射的剧烈波动。因此，生物量主导而非种子主导的覆膜生产战略保证了全球旱地玉米未来的气候适应能力和可持续性，特别是在高排放情景下。

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引用次数: 0

How do developing countries estimate their climate finance needs under the Paris Agreement? 发展中国家如何估计其在《巴黎协定》下的气候资金需求？

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103087

Abdulrasheed Isah , Florian Egli , Anna Stünzi , Tobias Schmidt

Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are central to the Paris Agreement, serving as both pledges of climate ambition and platforms for articulating climate finance needs. However, how developing countries quantify these needs and the influencing factors remain poorly understood. Using an inductive research design based on expert interviews, we identify domestic and international factors influencing how countries estimate finance needs in their NDCs. Political institutions and the strategic perceptions of policymakers regarding NDCs – either as negotiation tools or investment plans – influence the specificity of climate finance needs estimates. Limited technical capacity and stakeholder engagement are important constraints in several countries. Meanwhile, international factors such as negotiating groups and consultants contribute to more detailed costing of climate finance when enabled by supportive policy environments. We propose a typology describing the spectrum of NDC archetypes, reflecting the interaction between domestic and international factors, as well as bottom-up and top-down estimation approaches. Our findings underscore that climate finance quantification is both technical and political, with implications for transparency and resource mobilization potential of future NDCs. Policymakers should remove barriers to obtaining granular sectoral and climate data, demonstrate political commitment, and strengthen collaborations with subnational levels. Capacity-building initiatives should strengthen the institutional and stakeholder foundations of detailed NDCs. Climate finance consultants should prioritize knowledge transfer and sustained collaboration with domestic institutions.

国家自主贡献（NDCs）是《巴黎协定》的核心，既是气候雄心的承诺，也是阐明气候资金需求的平台。然而，发展中国家如何量化这些需求和影响因素仍然知之甚少。采用基于专家访谈的归纳研究设计，我们确定了影响各国如何估计其国家自主贡献资金需求的国内和国际因素。政治制度和决策者对国家自主贡献的战略认识——无论是作为谈判工具还是作为投资计划——都会影响气候融资需求估算的特殊性。在一些国家，有限的技术能力和利益攸关方参与是重要的制约因素。与此同时，在支持性政策环境的支持下，谈判小组和顾问等国际因素有助于更详细地计算气候融资成本。我们提出了一个描述NDC原型光谱的类型学，反映了国内和国际因素之间的相互作用，以及自下而上和自上而下的估计方法。我们的研究结果强调，气候资金量化既涉及技术层面，也涉及政治层面，对未来国家自主贡献的透明度和资源调动潜力都有影响。决策者应消除获取行业和气候数据的障碍，展示政治承诺，并加强与次国家层面的合作。能力建设倡议应加强详细的国家自主贡献的体制和利益攸关方基础。气候融资顾问应优先考虑知识转移和与国内机构的持续合作。

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引用次数: 0

Heatwaves and violence against women: a spatial analysis of female homicides in Brazil 热浪与对妇女的暴力：巴西女性凶杀案的空间分析

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103085

Luan Marca , Marco Tulio Aniceto Franca , Jessica Antunes Oliveira , Kamila da Silva Baum

This study examines the association between heatwaves and female homicides in Brazil, using data from 5,341 municipalities (representing 95% of the country) from 2001 to 2021. Spatial econometric models are applied, and the results reveal a positive association between rising temperatures and the incidence of female homicides, with notable “hot spots” of domestic violence in the Northeast and Southeast regions. The preferred model explains approximately 43% of the variation in female homicides, reinforcing the robustness of the estimates. The research also shows that lower gender wage gaps and higher job stability are associated with reduced rates of female homicides. Overall, the findings indicate that climatic stressors such as heatwaves are associated with increased risks of violence against women, particularly in contexts of socioeconomic vulnerability. The study highlights that public policies aimed at addressing climate-related risks and promoting women’s economic empowerment may contribute to reducing this form of violence in a warming climate.

本研究利用2001年至2021年巴西5341个城市（占全国95%）的数据，研究了热浪与巴西女性凶杀案之间的关系。应用空间计量模型分析发现，气温上升与女性凶杀发生率呈正相关，东北和东南地区家庭暴力“热点”显著。首选模型解释了大约43%的女性凶杀案的差异，加强了估计的稳健性。研究还表明，性别工资差距的缩小和工作稳定性的提高与女性凶杀率的降低有关。总体而言，研究结果表明，热浪等气候压力因素与妇女遭受暴力侵害的风险增加有关，特别是在社会经济脆弱的背景下。该研究强调，旨在应对气候相关风险和促进妇女经济赋权的公共政策可能有助于在气候变暖的情况下减少这种形式的暴力。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic long-range decision support for integrated green-grey flood management 绿灰洪水综合治理的协同远程决策支持

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103086

Ghazi Al-Rawas , Mohammad Reza Nikoo , Mohammad Reza Hassani , Seyyed Farid Mousavi Janbehsarayi , Mohammad Hossein Niksokhan

This study presents a novel framework for evaluating the long-term resiliency of flood management strategies in complex nonurban-urban watersheds, with a focus on the synergy between grey and green infrastructure. The methodology involves simulating hydrological conditions of both upstream and downstream areas using the SWMM model, followed by a two-stage scenario generation approach. The first stage optimizes the implementation of detention dams in the upstream nonurban region, while the second stage focuses on optimizing Green Infrastructure (GI) in the downstream urban area. By integrating grey and green flood control measures, a total of 2500 combined scenarios were generated and tested under extreme hurricane conditions to assess their resilience and economic feasibility. The results highlight that higher investments in both detention dams and GI significantly enhance system resiliency, and leads to faster recovery after flood events. Strategies with greater infrastructure investment maintained higher performance throughout sequential flood events, and exhibited smaller reductions in effectiveness during peak events. Conversely, lower-cost strategies experienced greater performance degradation. Then, using resilience performance threshold, we identified high-performing strategies and employed the Condorcet method to select the optimal scenario that balances long-term resiliency with cost-effectiveness. The selected strategy reduced peak flow at the urban area’s entrance by 85.7% and decreased local urban flood volume by 65.5%. Our research underscores the critical role of integrated grey-green infrastructure in achieving long-term flood resilience. Also, this framework provides decision-makers with actionable insights for designing cost-effective, high-resilience flood management strategies that consider both economic and community benefits.

本研究提出了一个新的框架，用于评估复杂的非城市-城市流域洪水管理策略的长期弹性，重点关注灰色和绿色基础设施之间的协同作用。该方法包括使用SWMM模型模拟上游和下游地区的水文条件，然后采用两阶段情景生成方法。第一阶段优化上游非城市区域滞洪坝的实施，第二阶段重点优化下游城市区域的绿色基础设施（GI）。通过整合灰色和绿色防洪措施，共生成了2500个组合方案，并在极端飓风条件下进行了测试，以评估其弹性和经济可行性。研究结果表明，对滞洪坝和地理特征的更高投资显著提高了系统的弹性，并导致洪水事件后更快的恢复。基础设施投资较大的策略在连续的洪水事件中保持较高的性能，并且在高峰事件期间显示出较小的有效性降低。相反，低成本策略的性能下降更大。然后，利用弹性绩效阈值，我们确定了高绩效策略，并采用Condorcet方法选择了平衡长期弹性和成本效益的最佳方案。所选择的策略使城市入口处的峰值流量减少了85.7%，使当地城市洪流量减少了65.5%。我们的研究强调了综合灰绿色基础设施在实现长期抗洪能力方面的关键作用。此外，该框架为决策者提供了可操作的见解，以设计成本效益高、高弹性的洪水管理策略，同时考虑到经济和社区效益。

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引用次数: 0

The politics of coastal erosion in Sicily: Concrete infrastructures and the economy of disaster 西西里岛海岸侵蚀的政治：混凝土基础设施和灾难经济

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103076

Silja Klepp

This paper analyses how coastal governance and coastal protection infrastructure in Sicily are driven by specific interests that produce and stabilise unsustainable coastal protection practices and contribute to a coastal ‘disaster capitalism’. The driving logics of the coastal ‘disaster economy’ are rooted in mafia socionatures and rationalities of speculation and are reinforced by the widespread belief that coastal protection requires large-scale cement infrastructure. This belief is based on a dualistic divide between nature and culture and on narratives of controlling the sea. As these narratives appear to be consensual in Sicily, unsustainable coastal protection infrastructures become not only possible, but publicly desirable. The article is based on an analytical lens of political ecology and on extensive ethnographic research. I have also developed a tentative transformative research approach. This approach is based on the idea of shaping more just and sustainable coastal futures through public engagement and through art-based methods. Together with photographer Barbara Dombrowski, our vision was to create a space where the issue of coastal erosion could be discussed with reference to the photographs. The photos were taken during a joint research trip and in collaboration with local people. Alongside the ethnographic analysis, the photographs offer a fresh perspective on coastal erosion, one that emphasises the political and economic interests of powerful actors rather than the engineering perspectives that otherwise dominate. The photographs are currently being exhibited at various locations in Sicily, alongside public panel discussions.

本文分析了西西里岛的海岸治理和海岸保护基础设施是如何受到特定利益的驱动的，这些利益产生并稳定了不可持续的海岸保护实践，并促成了沿海的“灾难资本主义”。沿海“灾难经济”的驱动逻辑植根于黑手党社会和投机的理性，并被普遍认为沿海保护需要大规模水泥基础设施的信念所强化。这种信念是基于自然与文化的二元分裂，以及控制海洋的叙事。由于这些叙述在西西里岛似乎是共识，不可持续的沿海保护基础设施不仅成为可能，而且成为公众的愿望。本文以政治生态学的分析视角和广泛的民族志研究为基础。我还开发了一种试探性的变革性研究方法。这种方法是基于通过公众参与和以艺术为基础的方法来塑造更公正和可持续的沿海未来的想法。与摄影师Barbara Dombrowski一起，我们的愿景是创造一个可以参考照片讨论海岸侵蚀问题的空间。这些照片是在一次联合研究旅行中与当地人合作拍摄的。除了民族志分析，这些照片还提供了一个关于海岸侵蚀的新视角，它强调了强大角色的政治和经济利益，而不是其他主导的工程视角。这些照片目前正在西西里岛的不同地点展出，同时还有公众小组讨论。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging pathways in climate litigation: Transnational justice and the Global South 气候诉讼的新途径：跨国司法和全球南方

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103084

Harikrishnan Ramesh Varma , Rahul B. Hiremath , Ravi Sharma

The Global South asserts its influence in the global climate discourse, challenging entrenched power structures and advocating for equitable solutions to climate change. Climate litigation is increasingly being used as a tool to address climate-related harms. Traditional climate litigation frameworks narrowly define ‘Global South Docket’ as cases filed within domestic courts of the Global South, overlooking transnational cases that address harm in the Global South but are filed in international courts or Global North jurisdictions. To address this gap, we introduce the concept of a Latent Global South Docket, encompassing cases with significant ties to the Global South regardless of jurisdiction. Through the systematic clustering of 831 cases filed between 1994 and 2023, the study identifies the emerging pathways in transnational climate litigation that underline the critical intersection of climate justice and sustainable development.

全球南方主张其在全球气候话语中的影响力，挑战根深蒂固的权力结构，倡导公平解决气候变化问题。气候诉讼越来越多地被用作解决气候相关危害的工具。传统的气候诉讼框架将“全球南方诉讼”狭隘地定义为在全球南方国家的国内法院提起的案件，忽略了在国际法院或全球北方司法管辖区提起的涉及全球南方国家损害的跨国案件。为了解决这一差距，我们引入了潜在的全球南方摘要的概念，包括与全球南方有重大联系的案件，而不管管辖权如何。通过对1994年至2023年间提交的831起案件的系统聚类，该研究确定了跨国气候诉讼的新途径，这些途径强调了气候正义与可持续发展的关键交叉点。

引用次数: 0

Implications of demographic policies on China’s food-related environmental footprints amid population ageing 人口老龄化背景下人口政策对中国食品相关环境足迹的影响

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103082

Qingling Wang , Han Zhang , Kuishuang Feng , Pan He , Richard Wood , Peipei Tian , Yiming Wang , Saige Wang , Yu Liu , Huifang Liu , Heran Zheng

China has implemented a range of demographic policies to address population ageing, which exert significant potential impacts on aggregate food demand and associated environmental effects. However, prior studies have not integrated these policies and age-specific food consumption patterns into environmental impact projections. Here, we quantify China’s four food-related environmental footprints under representative demographic policy scenarios by employing a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) and a multi-regional input–output (MRIO) model. This study is the first attempt to link China’s pro-natalist policies with multi-dimensional food-related environmental footprints through an age-cohort demand model. We find older adults (> 60 years) will become the largest contributor to the nation’s total food-related footprints (accounting for approximately 37% by 2050), despite having below-average per capita footprints. From 2020 to 2050, total land use footprint is projected to increase, whereas GHG emissions, water consumption, and eutrophication footprints would decline. Reduction in GHG emissions is primarily driven by declining environmental intensities, while changes in other three footprints are mainly due to dynamic population sizes. Relative to the no-policy baseline scenario, China’s demographic policies could lead to an approximate 3–18% increase in environmental footprints by 2050, imposing a notable burden on sustainability targets. Land use footprint would emerge as the most policy-sensitive indicator, with its peak year delayed by at least a decade under the most aggressive fertility-boosting policy. By analyzing dietary change scenarios, we find only ambitious transitions (nationwide adoption of plant-rich diets) can fully offset the policy-induced footprint increases, except for water consumption, in which case plant-rich diets would conversely result in higher footprints. Our findings underscore dietary change can help mitigate the additional environmental pressures induced by China’s demographic policies, while also highlighting critical trade-offs across different environmental indicators.

中国已经实施了一系列人口政策来解决人口老龄化问题，这对总粮食需求和相关的环境影响具有重大的潜在影响。然而，先前的研究并没有将这些政策和特定年龄的食物消费模式纳入环境影响预测。本文采用二次几乎理想需求系统（QUAIDS）和多区域投入产出（MRIO）模型，对具有代表性的人口政策情景下中国的四种粮食相关环境足迹进行量化。本研究首次尝试通过年龄群需求模型将中国的亲生育政策与食品相关的多维环境足迹联系起来。我们发现，老年人（60岁 岁）将成为全国食品相关足迹总量的最大贡献者（到2050年约占37%），尽管他们的人均足迹低于平均水平。从2020年到2050年，预计土地利用足迹总量将增加，而温室气体排放、水消耗和富营养化足迹将下降。温室气体排放的减少主要是由环境强度的下降推动的，而其他三种足迹的变化主要是由于动态的人口规模。相对于无政策基准情景，到2050年，中国的人口政策可能导致环境足迹增加约3-18%，对可持续发展目标造成显著负担。土地利用足迹将成为最具政策敏感性的指标，在最积极的提高生育率政策下，其峰值年份将至少推迟10年。通过分析饮食变化情景，我们发现只有雄心勃勃的转变（在全国范围内采用富含植物的饮食）才能完全抵消政策引起的足迹增加，但水消耗除外，在这种情况下，富含植物的饮食会导致更高的足迹。我们的研究结果强调，饮食变化有助于缓解中国人口政策带来的额外环境压力，同时也强调了不同环境指标之间的关键权衡。

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引用次数: 0

Technological breakthroughs can reverse the unintended negative impacts of carbon tariffs on China’s steel sector and global economy 技术突破可以扭转碳关税对中国钢铁行业和全球经济的意外负面影响

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103083

Zhixiong Weng , Chaoyi Guo , Xiaorui Liu , Pauline Miquel , Xinyuan Liu , Hancheng Dai

The implementation of the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is expected to have far-reaching implications for the global economy. This study develops a global dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model to primarily simulate the impacts of imposing carbon tariffs exclusively on China’s steel sector. The results show that a high carbon tariff scenario would exert considerable negative pressure on China’s economy, leading to an additional GDP loss of 72.02 billion USD by 2050, a reduction of 127.06 thousand jobs in the steel sector by 2060, and a loss of 32.63 billion USD in sectoral value added, alongside a notable decline in steel exports. While CBAM reduces the international competitiveness of China’s energy-intensive exports, it also induces export substitution effects in other countries. We also find that green technological advancement in China’s steel sector can substantially offset the adverse effects of carbon tariffs. Under a high-carbon-tariff and high-technology scenario, China could achieve an additional GDP gain of 281.56 billion USD by 2060, a 2.91% increase in steel sector employment (833.60 thousand jobs), and a 232.53 billion USD rise in value added. This study also warns of the potential rebound effect in carbon emissions, as technological progress may lead to electricity demand expansion in the steel sector, thereby offsetting some of the climate benefits. These findings suggest that countries must actively prepare for CBAM by reducing the carbon intensity of their exports and investing in long-term low-carbon technological transitions to maintain competitiveness in a carbon-constrained global economy.

欧盟碳边界调整机制（CBAM）的实施预计将对全球经济产生深远影响。本研究建立了一个全球动态可计算一般均衡（CGE）模型，主要模拟对中国钢铁行业征收碳关税的影响。研究结果表明，高碳关税情景将对中国经济造成相当大的负面压力，到2050年，中国GDP将额外损失720.2亿美元，到2060年，钢铁行业就业岗位将减少127.06万个，行业增加值将损失326.3亿美元，钢铁出口将显著下降。CBAM在降低中国能源密集型出口产品国际竞争力的同时，也在其他国家引发了出口替代效应。我们还发现，中国钢铁行业的绿色技术进步可以大大抵消碳关税的不利影响。在高碳关税和高技术情景下，到2060年，中国国内生产总值可增加2815.6亿美元，钢铁行业就业岗位增加2.91%（8336万个），增加值增加2325.3亿美元。本研究还对碳排放的潜在反弹效应提出了警告，因为技术进步可能导致钢铁行业的电力需求扩大，从而抵消了一些气候效益。这些发现表明，各国必须通过降低出口的碳强度和投资于长期低碳技术转型，积极为CBAM做好准备，以保持在碳限制的全球经济中的竞争力。

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引用次数: 0

A review of everyday urban adaptations: What they are and how they can advance progress in adaptation 对日常城市适应的回顾：它们是什么以及它们如何促进适应的进展

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103081

Cecilia Alda-Vidal , Marta Olazabal

Everyday practices are increasingly recognised as key to adapting to climate change. They emerge as especially important in cities where the complexity and uncertainty of the compound effects of crises and socio-economic contexts are a cradle for individual and community action. However, little is known regarding what constitutes everyday adaptation and how everyday urban adaptations help to effectively reduce climate risks. We conducted a systematic and thematic review and analysis to take stock of scientific publications. We retrieved 632 documented everyday adaptations in urban contexts from 45 relevant publications. We offer two important reflections that challenge prevailing approaches to the conceptualisation and assessment of everyday adaptations. First, our analysis highlights a high diversity of everyday adaptations and emphasises the importance of actions that encompass social relations and cooperative action and connect individual with collective well-being. Second, the study reveals a lack of methodological and data-driven consideration of the impacts and outcomes of everyday adaptations, resulting in a limited understanding of the contribution of these adaptations to overall progress in urban adaptation. To advance towards more comprehensive and nuanced assessments, we identify three key needs: (I) considering the interconnected and cumulative effects of everyday adaptation across scales, (II) exploring everyday imaginaries, and (III) accounting for justice and equity issues. Overall, our review underscores the need for more capacious conceptualisations of urban adaptation to account for the wide array of practices and multiple objectives it encompasses for urban dwellers, and highlights the importance of further work in the area of evaluation.

人们日益认识到，日常实践是适应气候变化的关键。在危机和社会经济背景的复合影响的复杂性和不确定性成为个人和社区行动摇篮的城市中，它们显得尤为重要。然而，对于日常适应的构成以及日常城市适应如何有助于有效降低气候风险，人们知之甚少。我们对科学出版物进行了系统的专题审查和分析。我们从45份相关出版物中检索了632份城市环境下的日常适应记录。我们提供了两个重要的反思，挑战了日常适应的概念化和评估的主流方法。首先，我们的分析强调了日常适应的高度多样性，并强调了包括社会关系和合作行动以及将个人与集体福祉联系起来的行动的重要性。其次，该研究表明，缺乏对日常适应的影响和结果的方法学和数据驱动的考虑，导致对这些适应对城市适应总体进展的贡献的理解有限。为了推进更全面和细致的评估，我们确定了三个关键需求：(1)考虑跨尺度的日常适应的相互关联和累积效应；(2)探索日常想象；(3)考虑正义和公平问题。总体而言，我们的回顾强调了城市适应需要更宽泛的概念，以考虑城市居民的广泛实践和多重目标，并强调了在评估领域进一步开展工作的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Towards ‘greening’ trade? The environment in the French, German and EU supply chain laws 走向“绿色”贸易？环境在法国、德国和欧盟的供应链法律

IF 9.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Global Environmental Change

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.103078

Lena Partzsch, Helen Breunig

The European Union (EU) recently adopted the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), which its 27 member states must now transpose into national law. Starting in mid-2026, the Directive aims to encourage sustainable and responsible corporate behavior in global supply chains. France and Germany had already independently enacted their own national supply chain laws, the 2017 Loi de Viligence (LdV) and the 2021 Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz (LkSG). This article examines the extent to which the new supply chain legislation addresses environmental burden shifting through international trade. We develop an analytical framework on scope, procedure and enforceability with respect to the environment. To do so, we identify the central demands of environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs), drawing on their campaign materials, expert interviews, and participant observation at stakeholder events. Our results show a regulatory ’race to the top’ with ‘bends’ in the sense that the German law lags behind the French law in some aspects, but the new CSDDD is the most precise and comprehensive in all aspects of supply chain legislation. We conclude that the stage is set for the ’greening’ of international trade.

欧盟（EU）最近通过了《企业可持续发展尽职调查指令》（CSDDD），其27个成员国现在必须将其转化为国家法律。从2026年中期开始，该指令旨在鼓励全球供应链中可持续和负责任的企业行为。法国和德国已经独立制定了各自的国家供应链法律，分别是2017年的《供应链法律》（LdV）和2021年的《供应链法律》（LkSG）。本文考察了新的供应链立法在多大程度上解决了通过国际贸易转移环境负担的问题。我们在环境方面制定了范围、程序和可执行性的分析框架。为此，我们根据非政府环境组织（ENGOs）的宣传材料、专家访谈和参与者对利益相关者活动的观察，确定了它们的核心需求。我们的研究结果显示，在德国法律在某些方面落后于法国法律的意义上，监管“竞相达到顶峰”，但新的CSDDD在供应链立法的各个方面都是最精确和全面的。我们的结论是，国际贸易“绿色化”的阶段已经准备好了。

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