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The multifaceted spectra of power − A participatory network analysis on power structures in diverse dryland regions 权力的多面谱——不同旱地地区权力结构的参与式网络分析
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102984
Veronica Olofsson , Maria Mancilla Garcia , Antonio J. Castro , Sofía Cortés Calderón , Amadou Hamath Diallo , Amanda Jiménez Aceituno , María D. López-Rodríguez , Taís Sonetti Gonzalez , Amanda Sousa Silvino , Ana Paula Aguiar
With intensifying climate change impacts on dryland regions, it is essential to better understand how actors relate to each other to sustainably manage natural resources. The literature on environmental governance networks has studied actor collaborations, but it is only starting to investigate networks that sustain conflictive situations. Moreover, while actors traditionally defined as powerful have received important scholarly attention, those who do not hold formal authority or key financial resources have not, as well as their sources of power. In this paper we analyse Net-Map data to better understand the sources of power of actor groups that traditionally are not perceived as influential, hence they are neglected in actor networks. We use social network analysis and a typology of power to understand these actors’ links in the networks, aiming to decipher what might explain why the traditionally neglected actors are perceived as particularly influential. We apply these methods to local sites in three case countries, all located in dryland regions. Net-Map workshops with diverse groups of participants were held with a focus on agricultural production systems. The results reveal that a broad variety of actors that traditionally have been, and still are, neglected in decision making domains, are perceived as particularly influential in their regions, pointing to the various modes in which power is understood and exercised. The competing interests over natural resources shed light on the role that conflictive tensions played in power relations. Through this work a broader understanding of power asymmetries in actor networks is gained.
随着气候变化对干旱地区的影响日益加剧,必须更好地了解行为体如何相互关联,以可持续地管理自然资源。关于环境治理网络的文献研究了行动者的合作,但它才刚刚开始调查维持冲突情况的网络。此外,虽然传统上被定义为有权力的行为者受到了重要的学术关注,但那些没有正式权力或关键财政资源的人,以及他们的权力来源,却没有得到重视。在本文中,我们分析了Net-Map数据,以更好地理解传统上不被认为具有影响力的演员群体的权力来源,因此他们在演员网络中被忽视。我们使用社会网络分析和权力类型学来理解这些行为者在网络中的联系,旨在解释为什么传统上被忽视的行为者被认为特别有影响力。我们将这些方法应用于三个案例国家的当地站点,都位于干旱地区。举办了由不同群体参加的Net-Map讲习班,重点是农业生产系统。结果表明,在决策领域中传统上一直被忽视、现在仍然被忽视的各种各样的行为者,被认为在其所在地区具有特别的影响力,这指出了理解和行使权力的各种模式。对自然资源的争夺,揭示了冲突的紧张局势在权力关系中所起的作用。通过这项工作,对行动者网络中的权力不对称有了更广泛的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the EU biodiversity strategy for 2030 on the EU wood-based bioeconomy 欧盟2030年生物多样性战略对欧盟木材生物经济的影响
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102986
Fulvio Di Fulvio , Tord Snäll , Pekka Lauri , Nicklas Forsell , Mikko Mönkkönen , Daniel Burgas , Clemens Blattert , Kyle Eyvindson , Astor Toraño Caicoya , Marta Vergarechea , Clara Antón-Fernández , Julian Klein , Rasmus Astrup , Jani Lukkarinen , Samuli Pitzén , Eeva Primmer
The EU Biodiversity Strategy (EUBDS) for 2030 aims to conserve and restore biodiversity by protecting large areas throughout the European Union. A target of the EUBDS is to protect 30 % of the EU’s land area by 2030, with 10 % being strictly protected (including all primary and old growth forests) and 20 % being managed ‘closer to nature’. Even though this will have a positive impact on biodiversity, it may negatively impact the EU’s wood-based bioeconomy. In this study, we analyze how alternative interpretations and distributions of the EU’s protection targets may affect future woody biomass harvest levels, exports of wood commodities, and the spatial distribution of managed areas under wood demands aligned with SSP2-RCP1.9. Using the  model GLOBIOM-Forest, we simulate scenarios representing a variety of interpretations and geographic distributions of the EUBDS targets. The EUBDS targets would have a limited impact on EU harvest levels since the EU can still increase its wood harvest between 21 % and 24 % by 2100. With strict protection of 30 % of the area, the EU harvest level can still be increased by 10 %. Moreover, the most likely scenario (10 %/20 % protection within each MS) will result in increased net exports in the coming decades, but a slight decline after 2050. However, if protection is intended to also represent site productivity or to re-establish a green infrastructure, then EU net exports will also decline before 2050. With the decreased EU roundwood harvest, increased harvest will occur in other biomes and mostly leaking into boreal regions.
欧盟2030年生物多样性战略(EUBDS)旨在通过保护整个欧盟的大片地区来保护和恢复生物多样性。EUBDS的一个目标是到2030年保护欧盟30%的土地面积,其中10%受到严格保护(包括所有原始森林和原始森林),20%被“更接近自然”的管理。尽管这将对生物多样性产生积极影响,但它可能对欧盟以木材为基础的生物经济产生负面影响。在这项研究中,我们分析了欧盟保护目标的不同解释和分布如何影响未来木质生物质收获水平、木材商品出口以及与SSP2-RCP1.9一致的木材需求下管理区域的空间分布。利用GLOBIOM-Forest模型,我们模拟了代表EUBDS目标的各种解释和地理分布的情景。EUBDS目标对欧盟采伐水平的影响有限,因为到2100年,欧盟的木材采伐仍可增加21%至24%。在对30%的面积进行严格保护的情况下,欧盟的收获水平仍可提高10%。此外,最可能的情况(每个MS内10% / 20%的保护)将导致未来几十年净出口增加,但在2050年后略有下降。然而,如果保护的目的也代表了场地生产力或重建绿色基础设施,那么欧盟的净出口也将在2050年之前下降。随着欧盟圆木采伐量的减少,其他生物群系的采伐量将增加,并且大部分会泄漏到北方地区。
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引用次数: 0
Networked shorelines: A review of vulnerability interactions between human adaptation to sea level rise and wetland migration 网络海岸线:人类对海平面上升的适应与湿地迁移的脆弱性相互作用综述
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102985
Celina Balderas Guzman
Facing urgent climate risks, many human and non-human actors are adapting to climate change with adaptations that sometimes shift vulnerabilities to other actors. Shifting vulnerabilities is a type of maladaptation and understanding them is a critical component of adaptation planning given the growing incidence of maladaptation across many sectors and regions. This review creates an analytical framework, called the Vulnerability Interactions Framework, to identify instances of shifting vulnerabilities from across the natural and social science literature and interpret them using a systematic approach. To demonstrate its utility, the analytical framework is applied in the context of coastal adaptation to sea level rise on the topics of coastal squeeze and wetland migration. Along certain shorelines, humans are building protective infrastructure, such as sea walls and levees, to protect themselves from sea level rise. Meanwhile, coastal wetlands—one of the world’s most valuable ecosystems—are able to adapt to sea level rise when they can migrate landward. This wetland adaptation is often blocked by human shoreline development and infrastructure—a phenomenon known as coastal squeeze. Yet migrating wetlands may also impact human actors in negative ways. This review identifies 53 distinct ways that vulnerabilities can shift across human and non-human actors on physical, economic, environmental, social, cultural, and institutional dimensions. These interactions reflect particular biophysical and social contexts and can operate on multiple spatial and temporal scales. Because of these complex interactions, adaptation planning must look towards developing solutions that are cross-sectoral and cross-scalar in scope, place adaptation within a larger socio-ecological context, consider a phased approach, engage with communities, build local adaptive capacity, and address personal, social, and cultural losses inherent in coastal transformations. Overall, the Vulnerability Interactions Framework can be used as a research or planning tool to map observed or hypothetical shifts in vulnerability.
面对紧迫的气候风险,许多人类和非人类行为体正在适应气候变化,这种适应有时会将脆弱性转移给其他行为体。变化的脆弱性是一种适应不良,鉴于许多部门和地区的适应不良发生率日益增加,了解脆弱性是适应规划的关键组成部分。本综述创建了一个分析框架,称为脆弱性相互作用框架,以识别自然科学和社会科学文献中转移脆弱性的实例,并使用系统方法对其进行解释。为了证明其实用性,将分析框架应用于沿海适应海平面上升的背景下,研究沿海挤压和湿地迁移的主题。沿着某些海岸线,人类正在建造保护性基础设施,如海堤和堤坝,以保护自己免受海平面上升的影响。与此同时,沿海湿地——世界上最有价值的生态系统之一——能够适应海平面上升,因为它们可以向陆地迁移。这种湿地适应常常被人类海岸线开发和基础设施所阻碍,这种现象被称为“海岸挤压”。然而,迁徙的湿地也可能以消极的方式影响人类行为者。本综述确定了53种不同的脆弱性在物质、经济、环境、社会、文化和制度方面在人类和非人类行为体之间发生变化的方式。这些相互作用反映了特定的生物物理和社会背景,并可以在多个空间和时间尺度上运作。由于这些复杂的相互作用,适应规划必须着眼于制定跨部门和跨尺度的解决方案,将适应置于更大的社会生态背景下,考虑分阶段的方法,与社区合作,建立当地适应能力,并解决沿海转型中固有的个人、社会和文化损失。总体而言,脆弱性相互作用框架可以用作研究或规划工具,以绘制观察到的或假设的脆弱性变化。
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引用次数: 0
Agency, social networks, and adaptation to environmental change 代理,社会网络,以及对环境变化的适应
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102983
Michele L Barnes , Sarah Sutcliffe , Innocent Muly , Nyawira Muthiga , Stephen Wanyonyi , Petr Matous , Michael Murunga
Environmental change is escalating across the globe, threatening the livelihoods and wellbeing of millions of people. Substantial effort and resources have been committed at a global scale to support adaptation projects in affected communities to confront these changes. Yet not everyone has equal capabilities to adapt, guide adaptation decisions, and contribute to envisioning alternative futures. Drawing on theories of agency, social networks, and adaptation and employing a unique time-series dataset including 653 individuals across five Kenyan coastal communities, here we examine how agency over adaptation decisions is socially differentiated and the disparities that exist regarding who is able to bolster their level of agency over time. Our results show that involvement in local environmental decision-making processes, where adaptation to environmental change is negotiated, is strongly associated with feelings of effective power. Yet this power is largely concentrated among older individuals, community leaders, those with greater assets, and those with social ties to leaders – pointing to existing social hierarchies and resource differentials that drive adaptation decisions. The only significant predictor of changes in agency over time was network exposure: individuals with direct contact with those who were actively involved in environmental decision-making (individual agency) were likely to become more involved themselves; yet contact with passively involved partners (proxy agency) led to decreases in agency over time. Our results suggest a dynamic ripple effect in agency through social networks, suggesting that social networks can both catalyse and inhibit perceptions of effective power over adaptation decisions through participation in environmental decision-making. Our findings underscore the importance of social networks in enabling and constraining agency, highlight the role of leadership and power dynamics in environmental decision-making and locally led adaptation, and provide a foundation for future research on fostering inclusive and just adaptation.
全球范围内的环境变化正在加剧,威胁着数百万人的生计和福祉。在全球范围内,已经投入了大量的努力和资源来支持受影响社区的适应项目,以应对这些变化。然而,并不是每个人都有同样的适应能力,指导适应决策,并为展望未来做出贡献。利用代理、社会网络和适应理论,并采用独特的时间序列数据集,包括肯尼亚五个沿海社区的653个人,在这里,我们研究了适应决策中的代理是如何在社会上分化的,以及随着时间的推移,谁能够提高代理水平方面存在的差异。我们的研究结果表明,参与地方环境决策过程(在适应环境变化的过程中进行协商)与有效权力感密切相关。然而,这种权力主要集中在年龄较大的个人、社区领导人、拥有更多资产的人以及与领导人有社会关系的人身上——这表明,现有的社会等级和资源差异推动了适应决策。随着时间的推移,代理变化的唯一显著预测因素是网络暴露:与那些积极参与环境决策的人(个人代理)直接接触的个体可能会更多地参与环境决策;然而,随着时间的推移,与被动参与的伴侣(代理机构)的接触导致代理机构的减少。我们的研究结果表明,通过社会网络,代理存在动态的连锁反应,表明社会网络既可以催化也可以抑制通过参与环境决策而对适应决策的有效权力的感知。我们的研究结果强调了社会网络在促进和约束代理方面的重要性,强调了领导和权力动态在环境决策和地方主导的适应中的作用,并为未来促进包容性和公正适应的研究奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
The environmental statehood of ecological restoration: An institutional analysis of three regulatory case studies 生态恢复的环境状态:三个监管案例的制度分析
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102982
Emille Boulot
Throughout Australia, social-ecological systems are in decline. Ecological restoration has been identified as a key process for reversing this decline, but the recovery of social-ecological systems following ecological restoration is rare. As ecological restoration is a social practice as much as it is a natural science practice, regulatory frameworks have a key role to play in either promoting or impeding recovery. This paper investigates how institutions in the regulatory space for ecological restoration approach recovery and identifies the drivers for regulatory instruments through a multi-level institutional analysis of three regulatory case studies across Australia. The findings from the institutional analysis demonstrate a paradox in the regulation of ecological restoration as it shows that the regulatory frameworks are actually contributing to low recovery rates. Ecological restoration is often regulated by the same regulatory frameworks that regulate land degradation and the regulatory systems continue to articulate the value of land degrading activities, with ecological restoration a way of avoiding state liability. Drivers for regulatory reform are then often market orientated. These findings all demonstrate what has been called an environmental statehood; that is, the way in which modern states engage with social-ecological issues, only continues to reinforce land degradation.
The role of the state, state institutions and regulation is often overlooked in studies addressing socio-ecological resilience and adaptation, despite the central role of these institutions in the management of socio-ecological systems. This paper adds to the growing scholarship that addresses this research gap by contributing an empirically informed analysis of the regulation of ecological restoration in Australia.
在整个澳大利亚,社会生态系统正在衰退。生态恢复已被确定为扭转这种下降的关键过程,但生态恢复后社会生态系统的恢复是罕见的。由于生态恢复既是一种自然科学实践,也是一种社会实践,监管框架在促进或阻碍恢复方面发挥着关键作用。本文通过对澳大利亚三个监管案例的多层次制度分析,研究了生态恢复监管空间中的机构如何实现恢复,并确定了监管工具的驱动因素。制度分析的结果显示了生态恢复监管中的一个悖论,即监管框架实际上是导致低恢复率的原因。生态恢复通常受到与土地退化相同的监管框架的监管,监管系统继续阐明土地退化活动的价值,而生态恢复是避免国家责任的一种方式。因此,监管改革的驱动因素往往以市场为导向。这些发现都证明了所谓的环境国家;也就是说,现代国家处理社会生态问题的方式只会继续加剧土地退化。尽管国家、国家机构和监管机构在社会生态系统管理中发挥着核心作用,但在解决社会生态复原力和适应问题的研究中,它们的作用往往被忽视。本文通过对澳大利亚生态恢复监管的实证分析,增加了解决这一研究差距的日益增长的奖学金。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating power, justice and reflexivity into transformative climate change adaptation 将权力、正义和反身性融入到变革性气候变化适应中
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102981
Marcus Taylor , Siri Eriksen , Katharine Vincent , Morgan Scoville-Simonds , Nick Brooks , E. Lisa F. Schipper
Transformative adaptation requires transformation among those who fund, plan, implement and evaluate interventions. In response, we emphasise the need for donor and implementing organisations to self-reform to create the necessary space and support for adaptation projects that embrace a transformative ethos. We argue that projects can appropriately centre justice as the primary goal of transformative adaptation by (1) confronting power relations, (2) embracing knowledge pluralism, (3) fostering bottom-up coalitions, and (4) recognizing trade-offs and unexpected outcomes. At the heart of this reflexive approach is the foregrounding of learning processes targeted towards shifting knowledge and power that is critical to avoid adaptive outcomes that exacerbate the vulnerability and exclusion of already marginalised groups.
变革性适应要求那些资助、计划、实施和评价干预措施的人进行变革。为此,我们强调捐助者和实施组织需要自我改革,为具有变革精神的适应项目创造必要的空间和支持。我们认为,项目可以通过(1)对抗权力关系,(2)拥抱知识多元化,(3)促进自下而上的联盟,以及(4)认识到权衡和意外结果,适当地将正义作为变革适应的主要目标。这种反身性方法的核心是强调以转移知识和权力为目标的学习过程,这对于避免加剧已经被边缘化群体的脆弱性和被排斥的适应性结果至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Why do cars get a free ride? The social-ecological roots of motonormativity 为什么汽车可以免费乘车?运动规范性的社会生态根源
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102980
Ian Walker , Marco te Brömmelstroet
Motonormativity is a shared bias whereby people judge motorised mobility differently to other comparable topics. This works against societies addressing climate and public health crises effectively. A social-ecological explanation has been suggested for the phenomenon, in which motonormativity is shaped by people’s environments, but this has not been tested. Here we used a large international sample (N = 2035) and novel within-participants testing to show, for the first time, at least two environmental pathways linked to judgement biases: one related to people’s social surroundings and linked with their explicit views on transport, and a separate, more implicit pathway related to higher-level structural influences such as nationality, and living in rural areas. Additionally, respondents dramatically underestimated public support for non-motorised transport relative to their own, a pluralistic ignorance effect likely reflecting another facet of motonormativity. The social-ecological explanation, with its nested environmental influences, helps explain the ‘stickiness’ of automobility, and implies change will be most likely when multiple facets of a person’s social, physical and cultural surroundings align in supporting non-motorised mobility.
机动规范性是一种共同的偏见,人们对机动机动性的判断与其他可比话题不同。这不利于社会有效应对气候和公共卫生危机。对于这一现象,有人提出了一种社会生态学的解释,即动力规范是由人们的环境塑造的,但这种解释尚未得到验证。在这里,我们使用了一个大型的国际样本(N = 2035)和新颖的参与者内部测试,首次显示了至少两种与判断偏差相关的环境途径:一种与人们的社会环境有关,与他们对交通的明确看法有关,另一种与更高层次的结构性影响有关,如国籍和生活在农村地区。此外,受访者大大低估了公众对非机动交通的支持,而不是他们自己的,这是一种多元无知效应,可能反映了机动规范性的另一个方面。社会生态学的解释及其嵌套的环境影响,有助于解释汽车出行的“粘性”,并意味着当一个人的社会、物质和文化环境的多个方面一致支持非机动出行时,变化将最有可能发生。
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引用次数: 0
Low perception of climate change by farmers and herders on Tibetan Plateau 青藏高原农牧民对气候变化认知程度较低
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102970
Jiawei Yi , Yuan Tian , Nicholas P. Simpson , Yunyan Du , Ting Ma , Chengqun Yu , Talbot M. Andrews , Tao Pei , Xinjie Zha , Chenghu Zhou , Wei Sun , Shaowei Li , Zhiming Zhong , Junxi Wu , Jialu An , Fusong Han , Cheng Duan , Huixia Zou , Mengmeng Zhang , Nan Wang , Rui Xu
Vulnerable groups living in climate-sensitive areas are facing unprecedented risks. Their perception of the changing climate and its impacts has potentially significant influence over the choices they make in response. However, our understanding of the climate change perceptions of many vulnerable groups, and the key environmental and social predictors of public understanding of climate risk, is insufficient. Our integrated analysis of physical climate trends, demographic characteristics, and climate change responses of over 24,000 farmers and herders across the Tibetan Plateau, finds that fewer than 26 % of respondents perceive the significant warming trend in their region. The results suggest perceptions of climate change are more sensitive to rates of temperature change, changes around ice melt, and extremes, than increases in average temperatures. Importantly, broader dimensions of well-being have influence over perception and confidence in adaptation options as average annual income, having a credit loan, consuming trusted media, and living on high-altitude locations have a significant positive effect on perceiving climate change. Identifying synergies between dimensions of human well-being and adaptation to climate change is critical for investment in the scalable transformations needed to achieve more sustainable livelihoods. Improving income, access to credit and social services present policy makers opportunities for targeted interventions to increase climate change perception of farmers and herders. These interventions can reduce inequalities in adaptation capacity and strengthen the public’s ability to adapt to the impacts of climate change with co-benefits with broader progress towards poverty reduction, social services, climate information and education.
生活在气候敏感地区的弱势群体正面临着前所未有的风险。他们对气候变化及其影响的看法可能对他们作出的应对选择产生重大影响。然而,我们对许多弱势群体对气候变化的看法,以及公众对气候风险理解的关键环境和社会预测因素的了解还不够。我们对青藏高原24,000多名农牧民的自然气候趋势、人口特征和气候变化响应进行了综合分析,发现只有不到26%的受访者认为他们所在地区的气候变暖趋势显著。结果表明,对气候变化的感知对温度变化的速度、冰融化周围的变化和极端事件的影响比对平均温度的增加更为敏感。重要的是,福祉的更广泛维度会影响对适应选择的感知和信心,因为平均年收入、拥有信贷贷款、消费可信媒体和生活在高海拔地区对感知气候变化有显著的积极影响。确定人类福祉维度与适应气候变化之间的协同作用,对于投资于实现更可持续生计所需的可扩展转型至关重要。提高收入、获得信贷和社会服务的机会为政策制定者提供了有针对性的干预措施,以提高农民和牧民对气候变化的认识。这些干预措施可以减少适应能力方面的不平等,加强公众适应气候变化影响的能力,并在减贫、社会服务、气候信息和教育方面取得更广泛的进展。
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引用次数: 0
Creating favorable conditions for inter- and transdisciplinary integration – An analytical framework and empirical insights 为跨学科和跨学科整合创造有利条件——分析框架和实证见解
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2024.102963
Lisa Deutsch , Christian Pohl , David N. Bresch , Sabine Hoffmann
Complex global social-ecological challenges of our time such as climate change, biodiversity loss or, more recently, the Covid-19 pandemic can neither be comprehensively understood nor properly addressed by employing a single disciplinary or sectoral perspective. For this reason, more and more large inter- and transdisciplinary (ITD) initiatives are on the rise, intending to open up the silo-like production of knowledge and to advance the integration of different fields of expertise within academia, but also across science, policy and practice. While the need for ITD initiatives in order to both understand and address the complexity of such global socio-ecological challenges has increasingly been acknowledged by research institutions, funders and public authorities, a question remains concerning the extent to which prevailing conditions suffice for conducting ITD research, particularly in terms of whether the envisioned integration of perspectives and actors really happen in practice. This paper embraces a holistic view on ITD integration by presenting both an analytical framework and empirical insights from three ITD initiatives based in Switzerland dealing with sustainable urban water management, (future) extreme events and cross-sectoral climate impacts and climate services in different socio-economic contexts. The framework is based on critical realist reasoning and employs a structure-agency lens by distinguishing conditions of integration at different structural levels, while also acknowledging the power of actors to shape integration and the respective structures. The paper thereby illustrates and helps diagnose the source of challenges experienced in living up to ITD integration endeavors and how these different structural levels are interrelated and impact ITD integration. We conclude by discussing entry points for action aimed at transforming currently unfavorable structures into favorable ones. We thereby intend to provide, in particular, insights for a wide range of actors interested in making sure that ITD initiatives intended to address the global social-ecological challenges of our time can realize their full integration potential in practice.
我们这个时代面临的复杂的全球社会生态挑战,如气候变化、生物多样性丧失或最近的Covid-19大流行,既不能通过单一学科或部门的观点得到全面理解,也不能得到妥善解决。出于这个原因,越来越多的大型跨学科(ITD)计划正在兴起,旨在打开类似筒仓的知识生产,并促进学术界内不同领域的专业知识的整合,同时也促进科学、政策和实践之间的整合。虽然研究机构、资助者和公共当局日益认识到有必要采取过渡时期倡议,以便了解和处理这种全球社会生态挑战的复杂性,但仍然存在一个问题,即目前的条件在多大程度上足以进行过渡时期研究,特别是设想的观点和行动者的整合是否真的在实践中发生。本文通过介绍瑞士的三个过渡性发展倡议的分析框架和经验见解,对过渡性发展一体化进行了全面的研究,这些倡议涉及可持续城市水管理、(未来的)极端事件以及不同社会经济背景下的跨部门气候影响和气候服务。该框架以批判现实主义推理为基础,通过区分不同结构层次的整合条件,采用结构-代理视角,同时也承认行动者塑造整合和各自结构的权力。因此,本文说明并帮助诊断在实现过渡段集成努力中所经历的挑战的来源,以及这些不同的结构水平是如何相互关联并影响过渡段集成的。最后,我们讨论了旨在将目前不利的结构转变为有利结构的行动起点。因此,我们打算特别为有意确保旨在解决我们时代的全球社会生态挑战的过渡时期发展倡议在实践中充分发挥其一体化潜力的广泛行动者提供见解。
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引用次数: 0
Addressing climate inaction as our greatest threat to sustainable development 应对气候不作为是我们对可持续发展的最大威胁
IF 8.6 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2025.102969
Samuel Mackay , Rob Hales , John Hewson , Rosemary Addis , Brendan Mackey
More than 1 degree of global warming has been reached and once projected impacts are now being realized. Despite these impacts and the short timeframe available to avoid further warming, climate inaction remains a major threat to sustainable development. In this article, we bring a renewed focus to the issue of climate inaction. We unpack the systemic market failure that underpins current climate action efforts globally and how by shifting focus to address inaction this could be overcome. We explore how climate policies are inadvertently allowing climate inaction to persist, why this is happening and how to address it. Central to our argument is that climate policies still draw too heavily on a neoclassical development paradigm, rather than reinvigorated industrial policy, resulting in market interventions that fail to address the scale and systemic nature of the climate action challenge. We therefore reorient climate policies towards addressing inaction as a systemic development challenge that demands a stronger role from the government. We conclude by proposing a market systems framework for guiding policymakers to better target the systemic nature of climate inaction and the threat it poses to sustainable development.
全球变暖已经达到1度以上,预计的影响现在正在实现。尽管存在这些影响,而且避免进一步变暖的时间也很短,但对气候不作为仍然是对可持续发展的主要威胁。在本文中,我们将重新关注气候不作为的问题。我们剖析了支撑当前全球气候行动努力的系统性市场失灵,以及如何通过将重点转向解决不作为问题来克服这一问题。我们探讨了气候政策是如何在不经意间让气候不作为持续下去的,为什么会发生这种情况,以及如何解决它。我们的核心论点是,气候政策仍然过于依赖新古典主义的发展模式,而不是重振产业政策,导致市场干预无法解决气候行动挑战的规模和系统性。因此,我们将气候政策重新定位为解决不作为的系统性发展挑战,这需要政府发挥更大的作用。最后,我们提出了一个市场体系框架,以指导政策制定者更好地针对气候不作为的系统性质及其对可持续发展构成的威胁。
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Global Environmental Change
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