Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897432
L. Anand, N. Kumar, S. Pragash, M. F. Ain, S. Hassan
This paper provides suitable design method to achieve high efficiency of single balanced amplifier based on load pull technique. The device technology is using pseudomorphic High Mobility Electron Transistor (pHEMT) having gate-width of 6400-mum. Power-aided-efficiency (PAE) of 60-70 %, output power of 1 W and gain of 14 dB for the entire range 1-1.5 GHz is achieved at simulation level. Degradation of 30 % of PAE, 4 mW of output power and 5 dB of gain have been experienced at measurement level.
{"title":"High efficiency 600-mW pHEMT balance amplifier design with load pull technique","authors":"L. Anand, N. Kumar, S. Pragash, M. F. Ain, S. Hassan","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897432","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides suitable design method to achieve high efficiency of single balanced amplifier based on load pull technique. The device technology is using pseudomorphic High Mobility Electron Transistor (pHEMT) having gate-width of 6400-mum. Power-aided-efficiency (PAE) of 60-70 %, output power of 1 W and gain of 14 dB for the entire range 1-1.5 GHz is achieved at simulation level. Degradation of 30 % of PAE, 4 mW of output power and 5 dB of gain have been experienced at measurement level.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114872557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897411
M. Imran, A. Tharek, A. Hasnain
The Radial Line Slot Array (RLSA) antenna is known for its good characteristics such as low profile, low cost, aesthetically pleasing, ease of installation and simple structure. This research involves the optimization of the design and development of a novel linearly polarized Beam Squinted Radial Line Slot Array (RLSA) antenna at 5.8 GHz band. The research objective is to study the optimum size of the antenna that can give an acceptable antenna's performance. There are four prototypes with different sizes has been developed and the measurements were obtain a return loss at 17.12 dB, antenna gain of 21 dB and 18.80% antenna bandwidth with 63.10% radiation efficiency for 400 mm diameter antenna design.
{"title":"An optimization of Beam Squinted Radial Line Slot Array Antenna design at 5.8 GHz","authors":"M. Imran, A. Tharek, A. Hasnain","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897411","url":null,"abstract":"The Radial Line Slot Array (RLSA) antenna is known for its good characteristics such as low profile, low cost, aesthetically pleasing, ease of installation and simple structure. This research involves the optimization of the design and development of a novel linearly polarized Beam Squinted Radial Line Slot Array (RLSA) antenna at 5.8 GHz band. The research objective is to study the optimum size of the antenna that can give an acceptable antenna's performance. There are four prototypes with different sizes has been developed and the measurements were obtain a return loss at 17.12 dB, antenna gain of 21 dB and 18.80% antenna bandwidth with 63.10% radiation efficiency for 400 mm diameter antenna design.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124091901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897437
R. Rashid, S. Arifin, M. Rahim, M. Sarijari, N. Mahalin
Fast information retrieval is pivot of medical breakthrough to provide quality medical services. There were a number of attempts to develop clinical information system (CIS) which is reliable, affordable and accessible over the entire hospital and beyond. Today's home healthcare progression is becoming a predominant form of healthcare delivery. Although there have been many recent advances in biomedical sensors, low-power radio communication and embedded computation, there does not yet exist a flexible, robust communication infrastructure to integrate these devices into an emergency care setting. An efficient wireless communication substrate for medical devices that addresses ad hoc or fixed network formation, naming and discovery, security and authentication, as well as filtration and aggregation of vital sign data need to be studied. The potential applications will save lives, create valuable data for medical research, and cut the cost of medical services. In this paper, we focus on home healthcare via wireless sensor network (WSN) platform. WSN composed of a large number of sensor nodes and multi-hop networking capability that are densely deployed for a wide variety of applicants such as smart buildings, interactive user interfaces, environment control and highly suitable for monitoring in military and biomedical applications. We describe our experiences in developing and implement both hardware and software platform for medical sensor network, provides protocol for device discovery and multi-hop routing, as well as a simple query interface that is tailored for medical monitoring.
{"title":"Home healthcare via wireless biomedical sensor network","authors":"R. Rashid, S. Arifin, M. Rahim, M. Sarijari, N. Mahalin","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897437","url":null,"abstract":"Fast information retrieval is pivot of medical breakthrough to provide quality medical services. There were a number of attempts to develop clinical information system (CIS) which is reliable, affordable and accessible over the entire hospital and beyond. Today's home healthcare progression is becoming a predominant form of healthcare delivery. Although there have been many recent advances in biomedical sensors, low-power radio communication and embedded computation, there does not yet exist a flexible, robust communication infrastructure to integrate these devices into an emergency care setting. An efficient wireless communication substrate for medical devices that addresses ad hoc or fixed network formation, naming and discovery, security and authentication, as well as filtration and aggregation of vital sign data need to be studied. The potential applications will save lives, create valuable data for medical research, and cut the cost of medical services. In this paper, we focus on home healthcare via wireless sensor network (WSN) platform. WSN composed of a large number of sensor nodes and multi-hop networking capability that are densely deployed for a wide variety of applicants such as smart buildings, interactive user interfaces, environment control and highly suitable for monitoring in military and biomedical applications. We describe our experiences in developing and implement both hardware and software platform for medical sensor network, provides protocol for device discovery and multi-hop routing, as well as a simple query interface that is tailored for medical monitoring.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125984893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897444
K. Saleem, N. Fisal
The field of wireless sensor network (WSN) is an important and challenging research area today. Advancements in sensor networks enable a wide range of environmental monitoring and object tracking applications. Secure routing in sensor networks is a difficult problem due to the resources limitations in WSN. Moreover, multihop routing in WSN is affected by new nodes constantly entering/leaving the system. Therefore, biologically inspired algorithms are reviewed and enhanced to tackle problems arise in WSN. Ant routing and human security has shown an excellent performance for sensor networks. Certain parameters like energy level, link quality, lose rate are considered while making decisions. These decisions will come up with the optimal route and also to take best action against the security attacks. In this paper, the design and initial work on biological-inspired self-organized secure autonomous routing algorithm for sensor networks are presented. The proposed bio-inspired algorithm will also meet the enhanced sensor network requirements, including energy consumption, success rate and time delay.
{"title":"Bio-inspired self-organized secure autonomous routing protocol for WSN","authors":"K. Saleem, N. Fisal","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897444","url":null,"abstract":"The field of wireless sensor network (WSN) is an important and challenging research area today. Advancements in sensor networks enable a wide range of environmental monitoring and object tracking applications. Secure routing in sensor networks is a difficult problem due to the resources limitations in WSN. Moreover, multihop routing in WSN is affected by new nodes constantly entering/leaving the system. Therefore, biologically inspired algorithms are reviewed and enhanced to tackle problems arise in WSN. Ant routing and human security has shown an excellent performance for sensor networks. Certain parameters like energy level, link quality, lose rate are considered while making decisions. These decisions will come up with the optimal route and also to take best action against the security attacks. In this paper, the design and initial work on biological-inspired self-organized secure autonomous routing algorithm for sensor networks are presented. The proposed bio-inspired algorithm will also meet the enhanced sensor network requirements, including energy consumption, success rate and time delay.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134024778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897357
K. Al-tabatabaie, J. Din, N. Khamis, M. Islam
A new frequency reuse scheme which reduces co-channel interference must be used to deploy over 20-GHz band fixed wireless access (FWA) systems in expanding service areas. Also, the capacity has become of primary importance in broadband wireless access (BWA) networks to provide multimedia services or other digital services requiring high capacity traffic channels. The co-channel interference and rain fading consider as major limitation factor for the system capacity. In the system point of view a moving rain cell over the LMDS service area will not only attenuate the desired signal but also the interferer. The location dependent C/I in the LMDS service area under rainy conditions with and without site diversity technique is calculated and simulated. Different cell sizes of LMDS are considered for significant analyses and discussions. It is found that site diversity has high ability to improve the performance level of all LMDS service area especially under rainy conditions.
{"title":"Co-channel interference for site diversity during heavy rain in LMDS system","authors":"K. Al-tabatabaie, J. Din, N. Khamis, M. Islam","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897357","url":null,"abstract":"A new frequency reuse scheme which reduces co-channel interference must be used to deploy over 20-GHz band fixed wireless access (FWA) systems in expanding service areas. Also, the capacity has become of primary importance in broadband wireless access (BWA) networks to provide multimedia services or other digital services requiring high capacity traffic channels. The co-channel interference and rain fading consider as major limitation factor for the system capacity. In the system point of view a moving rain cell over the LMDS service area will not only attenuate the desired signal but also the interferer. The location dependent C/I in the LMDS service area under rainy conditions with and without site diversity technique is calculated and simulated. Different cell sizes of LMDS are considered for significant analyses and discussions. It is found that site diversity has high ability to improve the performance level of all LMDS service area especially under rainy conditions.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130698962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897387
M. K. Haldar, H. T. Su, S. Islam
Design of microwave band pass filters is traditionally based on LC ladder networks. Using the continued fraction expansion for ladder networks, we first explain how the circuit element called inverter arises. We then use a new circuit representation for admittance inverter to obtain the nodal equations for a low pass prototype ladder network. The coupling matrix for non-ladder networks can be easily obtained using the new circuit representation. Finally we point out that the equivalent circuit is useful for determination of coupling matrix elements.
{"title":"A new equivalent circuit for admittance inverters and its application for deriving the network equations of ladder and non-ladder narrow band pass RF filters","authors":"M. K. Haldar, H. T. Su, S. Islam","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897387","url":null,"abstract":"Design of microwave band pass filters is traditionally based on LC ladder networks. Using the continued fraction expansion for ladder networks, we first explain how the circuit element called inverter arises. We then use a new circuit representation for admittance inverter to obtain the nodal equations for a low pass prototype ladder network. The coupling matrix for non-ladder networks can be easily obtained using the new circuit representation. Finally we point out that the equivalent circuit is useful for determination of coupling matrix elements.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131290306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897468
M. Bukhori, N. Misran, M.T. Islam, M. Yunus, M. Shakib
This paper presents the design of pentagonal microstrip antenna for dual resonant frequencies at L1 (1.575 GHz) and L2 (1.227 GHz) with right hand circular polarization (RHCP). Designing and optimization processes took place in Zeland IE3D simulation software before the design was printed on RO4003C laminated board. Result of the simulation shows at 1.575 GHz and 1.227 GHz, the antenna has return loss at -18.07 dB and -19.44 dB respectively.
{"title":"Design of microstrip antenna for GPS application","authors":"M. Bukhori, N. Misran, M.T. Islam, M. Yunus, M. Shakib","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897468","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of pentagonal microstrip antenna for dual resonant frequencies at L1 (1.575 GHz) and L2 (1.227 GHz) with right hand circular polarization (RHCP). Designing and optimization processes took place in Zeland IE3D simulation software before the design was printed on RO4003C laminated board. Result of the simulation shows at 1.575 GHz and 1.227 GHz, the antenna has return loss at -18.07 dB and -19.44 dB respectively.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125810990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897385
N. Ya'acob, M. Abdullah, M. Ismail, S. Bahari, M. K. Ismail
The ionosphere layer is very important to the communication system. This research involves the determination of total electron content (TEC) in ionosphere based on height in order to determine the appropriate TEC value for Malaysia and for the equitorial region generally. The ionospheric model used is the single layer model based on the Bernese GPS 5.0 Software. The ionosphere TEC map of Malaysia is produced by using the single layer model which can be found in Bernese GPS 5.0 Software. Results show that the ionospheric variation especially the TEC values are different relative to the height studied. The appropriate TEC value for Malaysia is at the height 450 km and the maximun TEC value is at the height of 150 km. These variations play an important role in understanding the TEC nature in ionosphere and thus will simplify the studies about phenomenon happen in ionosphere especially in Malaysia.
{"title":"Ionospheric mapping function for total electron content (TEC) using global positioning system (GPS) data in Malaysia","authors":"N. Ya'acob, M. Abdullah, M. Ismail, S. Bahari, M. K. Ismail","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897385","url":null,"abstract":"The ionosphere layer is very important to the communication system. This research involves the determination of total electron content (TEC) in ionosphere based on height in order to determine the appropriate TEC value for Malaysia and for the equitorial region generally. The ionospheric model used is the single layer model based on the Bernese GPS 5.0 Software. The ionosphere TEC map of Malaysia is produced by using the single layer model which can be found in Bernese GPS 5.0 Software. Results show that the ionospheric variation especially the TEC values are different relative to the height studied. The appropriate TEC value for Malaysia is at the height 450 km and the maximun TEC value is at the height of 150 km. These variations play an important role in understanding the TEC nature in ionosphere and thus will simplify the studies about phenomenon happen in ionosphere especially in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128639804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897380
K. Y. Sze, S. Kashyap
Through computer modelling, a study was launched to investigate the radar across section (RCS) hot-spot characteristics on an electrically large complex radar target, such as a ship. The CAD model utilized here is known as the generic ship. For simplicity sake, the target utilized was assumed to be either static, or slow-moving and non-fluctuating, so that a standard inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging approach based on a Fourier transform procedure, could be utilized. This ISAR technique was applied to the computed monostatic RCS data of the CAD model, to obtain its RCS hot-spot behaviors. Results of cases modelled at low and high elevation incident angles are discussed, and compared with those of simple geometries.
{"title":"Hot-spot analysis of a large complex target from computed ISAR data","authors":"K. Y. Sze, S. Kashyap","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897380","url":null,"abstract":"Through computer modelling, a study was launched to investigate the radar across section (RCS) hot-spot characteristics on an electrically large complex radar target, such as a ship. The CAD model utilized here is known as the generic ship. For simplicity sake, the target utilized was assumed to be either static, or slow-moving and non-fluctuating, so that a standard inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging approach based on a Fourier transform procedure, could be utilized. This ISAR technique was applied to the computed monostatic RCS data of the CAD model, to obtain its RCS hot-spot behaviors. Results of cases modelled at low and high elevation incident angles are discussed, and compared with those of simple geometries.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127509720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/RFM.2008.4897360
S. Devkumar, C. Chakrabarty, G. C. Hock, M. H. Badjian, Emmiliano
An ultrawideband composite microstrip bandpass filter is designed using electromagnetic (EM) structure simulation. The design utilizes embedding individually designed highpass and lowpass filter (LPF) onto each other on a FR-4 board. The stepped-impedance LPF is employed to attenuate the upper stopband where as short-circuited stubs are used to realize the lower stopband. The results are analyzed in terms of the insertion loss, return loss, overall group delay and also the input and output signals. EM structure simulation is done using CST(Microwave Studio). Fabrication and measurements are done to conduct comparative studies between the simulated results and the measured results.
{"title":"Study of ultra wideband bandpass filter using electromagnetic simulator","authors":"S. Devkumar, C. Chakrabarty, G. C. Hock, M. H. Badjian, Emmiliano","doi":"10.1109/RFM.2008.4897360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RFM.2008.4897360","url":null,"abstract":"An ultrawideband composite microstrip bandpass filter is designed using electromagnetic (EM) structure simulation. The design utilizes embedding individually designed highpass and lowpass filter (LPF) onto each other on a FR-4 board. The stepped-impedance LPF is employed to attenuate the upper stopband where as short-circuited stubs are used to realize the lower stopband. The results are analyzed in terms of the insertion loss, return loss, overall group delay and also the input and output signals. EM structure simulation is done using CST(Microwave Studio). Fabrication and measurements are done to conduct comparative studies between the simulated results and the measured results.","PeriodicalId":329128,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128924860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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