Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology最新文献_第9页

miR-927 links nutrient signals and 20-hydroxyecdysone regulation and mediates oviposition in Bactrocera dorsalis miR-927在背小实蝇中连接营养信号和20-羟基脱皮激素调节并介导产卵。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104401

Tong-Jun Jin , Zheng-Yang Wang , Qian-Ping Xie , Li-Yuan Zheng , Guy Smagghe , Jin-Jun Wang , Qiang Zhang , Wei Dou

The interplay between lipid homeostasis and hormonal regulation is critical for reproductive success in female insects. The molecular mechanisms linking lipid metabolism to hormonal pathways, particularly ecdysteroid synthesis, remain poorly understood. In this study, we reveal a novel regulatory role of miR-927 in the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis. Using in vivo miRNA mimic/inhibitor assays, combined with an in vitro dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down experiments, we demonstrated that miR-927 directly targets BdCYP315a1, a key enzyme in ecdysteroidogenesis, thereby repressing the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) levels. RNA interference of BdCYP315a1 confirmed its essential role in maintaining 20E homeostasis and proper developmental progression. Further, we show that miR-927 expression is regulated by the insulin/insulin-like signaling (IIS) pathway, linking nutritional status to hormonal control. Changes in miR-927, BdCYP315a1, and 20E levels corresponded with alterations in lipid content, ultimately influencing fecundity. These findings reveal a previously uncharacterized miRNA-mediated network integrating nutritional signals, hormonal regulation, and lipid metabolism to control reproductive outcomes. Our work provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying insect reproduction, highlights miRNAs as key mediators of hormone-lipid interactions, and offers valuable resources for identifying miRNA targets in non-model insect species.

脂质平衡和激素调节之间的相互作用对雌性昆虫的繁殖成功至关重要。脂质代谢与激素途径的分子机制，特别是外甾体合成，仍然知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们揭示了miR-927在东方果蝇小实蝇（Bactrocera dorsalis）中的新调控作用。通过体内miRNA模拟/抑制实验，结合体外双荧光素酶报告基因和RNA下拉实验，我们证明miR-927直接靶向BdCYP315a1，这是脱皮激素形成的关键酶，从而抑制20-羟基脱皮激素（20E）水平。BdCYP315a1的RNA干扰证实了其在维持20E稳态和正常发育进程中的重要作用。此外，我们发现miR-927的表达受胰岛素/胰岛素样信号通路（IIS）的调节，将营养状况与激素控制联系起来。miR-927、BdCYP315a1和20E水平的变化与脂质含量的改变相对应，最终影响生育力。这些发现揭示了一个先前未被描述的mirna介导的网络，整合了营养信号、激素调节和脂质代谢来控制生殖结果。我们的工作为昆虫繁殖的分子机制提供了新的见解，强调了miRNA作为激素-脂质相互作用的关键介质，并为鉴定非模式昆虫物种中的miRNA靶点提供了宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Cuticular proteins: Essential molecular code for insect survival 表皮蛋白：昆虫生存的基本分子密码

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104402

Huitang Qi, Tian Liu

The insect cuticle is essential for survival and environmental adaptation, comprising over 100 cuticular proteins (CPs) that represent approximately 1 % of the insect genome coding genes. This complexity is unique among biological materials, underscoring the diverse roles of CPs in insect biology. However, the reasons for this extensive CP repertoire and their precise functional mechanisms persist as unresolved questions in entomology. Recently, advances in molecular biology and genomics have yielded significant progress in elucidating CP functions. Studies demonstrate that CPs are crucial not only for cuticle formation and development but also for regulating body size, coloration, cuticular structure development, environmental adaptation, immune defense, viral interactions, and insecticide resistance. This review comprehensively summarizes current insect CP research, highlights their diverse physiological and ecological roles, and explores their translational potential for pest management and biomimetic material design.

昆虫角质层对生存和环境适应至关重要，由100多种角质层蛋白（CPs）组成，约占昆虫基因组编码基因的1%。这种复杂性在生物材料中是独一无二的，强调了CPs在昆虫生物学中的不同作用。然而，这种广泛的CP库的原因及其精确的功能机制仍然是昆虫学中未解决的问题。近年来，分子生物学和基因组学的进展使CP功能的研究取得了重大进展。研究表明，CPs不仅对角质层的形成和发育至关重要，而且对调节体型、颜色、角质层结构发育、环境适应、免疫防御、病毒相互作用和杀虫剂抗性也至关重要。本文综述了目前昆虫CP的研究现状，强调了它们在生理和生态方面的多种作用，并探讨了它们在病虫害防治和仿生材料设计方面的应用潜力。

引用次数: 0

Study on the effects of high temperature on autophagy and apoptosis in different organs of Bombyx mori based on calcium ion homeostasis 基于钙离子稳态的高温对家蚕不同器官自噬和凋亡影响的研究

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104384

Peilin Peng , Hongbin Zou , Jialu Cheng , Haoyi Gu , Guimin Nong , Xuelin Qin , Bing Li

High-temperature stress differentially affects physiological functions in Bombyx mori, including growth and development, silk protein synthesis, and metabolism. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we explored the mechanisms of autophagy and apoptosis in the midgut, posterior silk gland (PSG), and fat body of B. mori under high-temperature treatment (30 °C and 35 °C), based on calcium ion (Ca²⁺) homeostasis. The results demonstrated that high-temperature treatment significantly reduced the body weight of B. mori. Furthermore, high-temperature treatment could cause damage to the midgut and PSG of B. mori, accompanied by intracellular Ca²⁺ overload, and the transcription levels of autophagy-related genes as well as the expression of LC3-I and LC3-II proteins are both affected. The protein levels of ATG5 and NtATG5 were significantly increased, while the transcription of key apoptotic genes and the protein levels of caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 were elevated. Collectively, these results indicated that high temperature induced autophagy in B. mori through Ca²⁺ mediation and promoted its conversion to apoptosis. Additionally, high temperature was demonstrated to inflict minimal damage on the fat body and failed to induce upregulation of autophagy or apoptosis. This study not only unveiled the intricate interplay among Ca²⁺ homeostasis, autophagy, and apoptosis in various organs of B. mori under high-temperature stress, but also revealed differential effects of heat stress across distinct organs. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the breeding of thermotolerant silkworm varieties.

高温胁迫对家蚕生长发育、丝蛋白合成和代谢等生理功能有不同程度的影响。为了研究其潜在的机制，我们基于钙离子（Ca2+）稳态，研究了高温处理（30°C和35°C）下家蚕中肠、后丝腺（PSG）和脂肪体的自噬和凋亡机制。结果表明，高温处理显著降低了家蚕体重。此外，高温处理可导致家蚕中肠和PSG损伤，并伴有细胞内Ca2+超载，自噬相关基因的转录水平以及LC3-I和LC3-II蛋白的表达均受到影响。ATG5和NtATG5蛋白水平显著升高，凋亡关键基因转录及caspase-3和cleaved - caspase-3蛋白水平升高。综上所述，这些结果表明高温通过Ca2+介导诱导家蚕自噬，并促进其向凋亡的转化。此外，高温被证明对脂肪体造成的损伤最小，并且不能诱导自噬或凋亡的上调。本研究不仅揭示了高温胁迫下家蚕各器官Ca2+稳态、自噬和凋亡之间复杂的相互作用，而且揭示了热应激在不同器官间的差异效应。这些发现为选育耐热蚕品种提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Sub-lethal insecticide stress alters epimutation rate but not genetic mutation rate in the pest insect Myzus persicae 亚致死杀虫剂胁迫改变了害虫桃蚜（Myzus persicae）的灭绝率，但没有改变其基因突变率。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104403

Benjamin J. Hunt , Kumar Saurabh Singh , Bartlomiej J. Troczka , Joanna Mackisack , Emma Randall , Mark Mallott , Tobias Baril , James Galbraith , Bram Kuijper , Ralf Nauen , Alex Hayward , Chris Bass

Insect pests evolve heritable resistance to insecticides through selection acting on genetic variation generated by mutation. It has been hypothesised that exposure to low doses of pesticides may increase mutation rate in pest genomes and accelerate resistance evolution. However, the impact of pesticide-induced stress on the mutation rate of insects has never been empirically tested. Here we leverage new, high-quality genomic resources for the aphid pest Myzus persicae in conjunction with long-term mutation accumulation experiments to interrogate spontaneous genetic and epigenetic mutation rates in insecticide-exposed and unexposed aphid lines. Our data reveal that multigenerational exposure of Myzus persicae to sublethal concentrations of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid does not increase genetic mutation rate. Rather we show that imidacloprid exposure results in a significantly lower epimutation rate. These findings reveal the rate of origin and composition of (epi)mutations arising in a pest insect and challenge the proposed link between pesticide exposure and the rate of mutation.

害虫通过选择作用于突变产生的遗传变异，进化出对杀虫剂的遗传抗性。据推测，暴露于低剂量农药可能会增加害虫基因组的突变率并加速抗性进化。然而，农药胁迫对昆虫突变率的影响尚未得到实证检验。在这里，我们利用新的、高质量的蚜虫基因组资源，结合长期的突变积累实验，来调查暴露于杀虫剂和未暴露于杀虫剂的蚜虫系的自发遗传和表观遗传突变率。我们的数据显示，多代接触亚致死浓度的新烟碱类杀虫剂吡虫啉不会增加桃蚜的基因突变率。相反，我们表明，吡虫啉暴露导致显着较低的增殖率。这些发现揭示了害虫中（epi）突变率的起源和组成，并挑战了农药暴露与突变率之间的联系。

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引用次数: 0

Highly efficient hyPBase-mediated transgenesis facilitates gain-of-function analysis in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus 高效的hypbase介导的转基因促进了蟋蟀双斑鸠的功能获得分析

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104405

Takahiro Ohde , Taro Nakamura , Taro Mito , Takaaki Daimon

Gain-of-function analysis is critical to directly assessing gene functions but remains challenging in non-traditional model insects. Recent development of the hyperactive piggyBac transposase (hyPBase) has improved the efficiency of germline transformation in ametabolous and holometabolous insects. Here, we report highly efficient somatic and germline transformations mediated by hyPBase in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. hyPBase-mediated misexpression of the melanin pathway gene arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase (aaNAT) turned the cricket body color from black to a light color, indicating a broad effect on external phenotype in the injected generation. Mosaic expression of the homeotic gene Antennapedia with hyPBase successfully circumvented the potential embryonic lethality, and induced antenna-to-leg homeotic transformation in a hatched nymph. Our data provide a practical methodology for gain-of-function analysis in the hemimetabolous model to understand key evolutionary innovations in insects.

功能增益分析对于直接评估基因功能至关重要，但在非传统模式昆虫中仍然具有挑战性。近年来，过度活跃的piggyBac转座酶（hyPBase）的发展提高了变性和全变性昆虫的种系转化效率。在这里，我们报道了由hyPBase介导的蟋蟀Gryllus bimaculatus的高效体细胞和种系转化。hypbase介导的黑色素通路基因芳基烷基胺n -乙酰转移酶（aaNAT）的错误表达使蟋蟀的体色从黑色变为浅色，表明在注射代中对外部表型有广泛的影响。同源基因Antennapedia与hyPBase的嵌合表达成功地避免了潜在的胚胎致死性，并在孵化若虫中诱导了天线到腿的同源转化。我们的数据为半代谢模型中的功能获得分析提供了实用的方法，以了解昆虫的关键进化创新。

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引用次数: 0

Is the CncC/Keap1 complex a major factor in conferring pesticide resistance in arthropods? - A critical review CncC/Keap1复合体是节肢动物产生农药抗性的主要因素吗？-批评性评论

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104400

Dries Amezian, Thomas Van Leeuwen

The CncC/Keap1 signalling pathway regulates antioxidant and detoxification gene expression in arthropods and is frequently associated with metabolic insecticide resistance. This review critically assesses evidence for its role in resistance phenotypes across key pest species. Although overactivation of CncC/Keap1 correlates with increased detoxification enzyme expression and pesticide tolerance, causal mutations in the coding or regulatory regions of CncC, Keap1, or Maf remain unidentified. We evaluate the evidence supporting the role of CncC/Keap1 in pesticide resistance in insects and mites and report the latest advancements in our understanding of this system in arthropods. We further highlight the need for unbiased genetic mapping and reverse genetic approaches to resolve the mechanisms of constitutive CncC activation in resistant populations. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for elucidating the origins of metabolic resistance and developing sustainable pest management strategies.

CncC/Keap1信号通路调节节肢动物抗氧化和解毒基因的表达，并经常与代谢性杀虫剂抗性相关。本综述批判性地评估了其在主要害虫物种抗性表型中的作用的证据。尽管CncC/Keap1的过度激活与解毒酶表达增加和农药耐受性相关，但CncC、Keap1或Maf编码或调控区域的因果突变仍未确定。我们评估了支持CncC/Keap1在昆虫和螨的农药抗性中的作用的证据，并报告了我们在节肢动物中对该系统的最新理解进展。我们进一步强调需要无偏遗传作图和反向遗传方法来解决耐药群体中组成型CncC激活的机制。了解这些机制对于阐明代谢抗性的起源和制定可持续的害虫管理策略至关重要。

引用次数: 0

Circ-379-miR-3050-DNAH3/RNF8 axis modulates wing development in Aphis citricidus Circ-379-miR-3050-DNAH3/RNF8轴调控柑橘蚜虫翅膀发育

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104393

Yu-Jing Liu , Jin-Ming Lu , Xiu-Cheng Xie , Qin-Qin Xu , Bi-Yue Ding , Jin-Jun Wang , Feng Shang

Wings are key physiological determinants of aphid dispersal and population outbreaks. Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of non-coding RNAs, regulate diverse biological processes through post-transcriptional mechanisms. However, their roles in insect wing development remain unclear. In this study, we performed RNA sequencing to identify 715 circRNAs across four developmental stages of Aphis citricidus: fourth-instar winged nymphs, winged adults, fourth-instar wingless nymphs, and wingless adults. Differential expression analysis revealed circ-379 as the only circRNA significantly upregulated during the fourth-instar winged nymphs to winged adults transition, while showing no significant change in wingless morphs, suggesting a potential role in wing development. Subsequent reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) validated the circular structure of circ-379 using divergent primers. Silencing of circ-379 induced wing deformities. Bioinformatic prediction, expression profiling analysis, dual-luciferase reporter assays and biotin-avidin-based RNA pull-down assays identified miR-3050 as a direct miRNA target of circ-379, which serves as a molecular sponge to bind miR-3050, thereby suppressing the expression of its target genes dynein axonemal heavy chain 3 (DNAH3) and E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF8-B-like (RNF8). Overexpression of miR-3050 or RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of DNAH3 and RNF8 also caused wing deformities. These findings indicate that circ-379 functions as a miR-3050 sponge to influence DNAH3 and RNF8 expression, thereby ensuring proper wing formation in A. citricidus. This study uncovers a circRNA-regulated molecular axis underlying wing plasticity in aphids, thereby advancing our understanding of non-coding RNA-mediated developmental regulation in insects.

翅是蚜虫扩散和种群爆发的关键生理决定因素。环状rna （circRNAs）是一类新型的非编码rna，通过转录后机制调节多种生物过程。然而，它们在昆虫翅膀发育中的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对柑橘蚜虫的四个发育阶段（四龄有翅若虫、有翅成虫、四龄无翅若虫和无翅成虫）进行了RNA测序，鉴定了715个环状RNA。差异表达分析显示circ-379是唯一一个在四龄有翼若虫向有翼成虫转变过程中显著上调的circRNA，而在无翼形态中没有显著变化，这表明circ-379可能在翅膀发育中起作用。随后的反转录PCR （RT-PCR）使用发散引物验证了circ-379的圆形结构。circ-379诱导的机翼畸形的沉默。生物信息学预测、表达谱分析、双荧光素酶报告基因测定和基于生物素亲和素的RNA拉下测定鉴定miR-3050是circ-379的直接miRNA靶点，circ-379作为分子海绵结合miR-3050，从而抑制其靶基因动力蛋白轴索重链3 （DNAH3）和E3泛素蛋白连接酶RNF8- b样（RNF8）的表达。过表达miR-3050或RNA干扰（RNAi）介导的DNAH3和RNF8的敲低也会导致翅膀畸形。这些发现表明circ-379作为miR-3050海绵影响DNAH3和RNF8的表达，从而确保柑橘翅果的正确形成。本研究揭示了蚜虫翅膀可塑性背后的环状rna调控分子轴，从而促进了我们对非编码rna介导的昆虫发育调控的理解。

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引用次数: 0

The role of the transformer gene in sex determination and its employment in CRISPR/Cas9-based homing gene drive in the global fruit pest Drosophila suzukii 变形基因在全球水果害虫铃木果蝇性别决定中的作用及其在CRISPR/ cas9基因驱动中的应用

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104406

Dan Deng , Xueying Yi , Wen Wen, Liuqing He, Wei Peng

Sex determination of Diptera is established by the cascade genes such as transformer (tra), though the primary signals for sex determination differ among different insects. Here, we report the isolation, expression and function of tra gene in an invasive pest, Drosophila suzukii, and study the potential use of the D. suzukii tra (Dstra) gene in CRISPR/Cas9-based homing gene drive for genetic-based pest management. The Dstra gene is highly conserved in structure and has a sex-specific transcript. To test the function of this gene in sex determination, Dstra dsRNA was injected into embryos. Almost all XX embryos developed into masculinized phenotypic male adults with intersex morphology. Abnormal ovaries were revealed in XX pseudomales upon dissection. Based on the necessary role of Dstra for female development, we developed and evaluated a homing gene drive that targets Dstra in D. suzukii. The drive component consisting of multiplex Dstra single guide RNAs and Cas9 with Dsvasa promoter was introduced into the Dstra locus. Abnormal development of both the external genitalia and gonads was observed in G0 and G1 chromosomal female adults that expressed the male-specific doublesex (dsx) transcript. Interestingly, knocking out Dstra led to significantly reduced fertility in adults of corresponding sex and moderate transmission rates of the DsRed gene (63.54 %) were observed. Our results not only confirm the conserved function of the Dstra gene in sex determination, but also highlight the potential of sex conversion-based suppression gene-drive strategy targeting the Dstra gene in controlling of D. suzukii populations.

双翅目昆虫的性别决定是由变压器（tra）等级联基因决定的，但不同昆虫性别决定的主要信号不同。本文报道了入侵害虫铃木果蝇tra基因的分离、表达和功能，并研究了铃木果蝇tra （Dstra）基因在基于CRISPR/ cas9的归巢基因驱动中用于害虫遗传管理的潜在应用。Dstra基因在结构上高度保守，并具有性别特异性转录。为了测试该基因在性别决定中的功能，将Dstra dsRNA注入胚胎。几乎所有的XX胚胎发育为阳刚化表型的雄性成虫，具有双性形态。XX例假男性经解剖发现卵巢异常。基于Dstra在女性发育中的必要作用，我们开发并评估了一种针对Dstra的铃木氏线虫归巢基因驱动。将多重Dstra单导rna和带有Dsvasa启动子的Cas9组成的驱动组件引入Dstra基因座。在G0和G1染色体上表达雄性特异性双性（dsx）转录本的成年雌性中，外生殖器和性腺发育异常。有趣的是，敲除Dstra导致相应性别的成人生育能力显著降低，并且观察到DsRed基因的中等传播率（63.54%）。我们的研究结果不仅证实了Dstra基因在性别决定中的保守功能，而且强调了以Dstra基因为目标的基于性别转换的抑制基因驱动策略在控制铃木夜蛾种群中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals diet-dependent dynamics of glucosinolate sulfatases expression and cellular origin in the midgut of Plutella xylostella 单细胞转录组学分析揭示了小菜蛾中肠硫代葡萄糖苷硫酸盐酶表达的饮食依赖动力学和细胞起源。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104399

Hanwen Ye , Chanqin Zheng , Bing Wang , Yuqing Zhu , Chenjing Wang , Zhuobing Wang , Zhanjun Lu , Weiyi He , Wei Chen

The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), a globally destructive pest, has Brassicaceae as its long-term co-evolved host and can also utilize Fabaceae as an alternative field host. The primary differential factor between these plant families is glucosinolates (GLs). Conventional transcriptome data revealed high midgut expression of glucosinolate sulfatases (GSSs) in response to glucosinolates. However, due to the inability of conventional transcriptomics to resolve cellular heterogeneity, it remained unclear which specific cell types express GSSs and whether exposure to different field hosts triggers distinct differentiation fates in these cells. To address these questions, we constructed a high-resolution atlas of 28,451 midgut cells from larvae reared on radish and pea leaves. Marker gene-based clustering identified 16 distinct cell types, including enterocytes (ECs), enteroendocrine cells (EEs), and intestinal stem cells (ISCs). ScRNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses revealed host-dependent differential expression patterns of three GSS genes (GSS1-GSS3) among ECs, EEs, and ISCs. Notably, elevated GSS3 protein levels in radish-fed larvae were confirmed by Western blot (WB) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC), while GSS1 and GSS2 exhibited more variable expression patterns. Pseudo-time trajectory analysis further demonstrated that all three GSSs followed differentiation pathways from ISCs into EEs or ECs, but dietary conditions led to distinct differentiation trajectories. This study elucidates the diet-dependent regulatory landscape of GSSs in P. xylostella and delineates the differentiation trajectory of GSS-expressing cells.

小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella）是一种全球性的破坏性害虫，它以十字花科作为长期共同进化的寄主，也可以利用豆科作为替代的田间寄主。这些植物家族之间的主要差异因素是硫代葡萄糖苷（GLs）。常规转录组数据显示，在对硫代葡萄糖苷的反应中，中肠高表达硫代葡萄糖苷硫酸酯酶（gss）。然而，由于传统转录组学无法解决细胞异质性，目前尚不清楚哪些特定细胞类型表达gss，以及暴露于不同的野宿主是否会触发这些细胞的不同分化命运。为了解决这些问题，我们构建了28,451个中肠细胞的高分辨率图谱，这些细胞来自萝卜和豌豆叶上饲养的幼虫。基于标记基因的聚类鉴定出16种不同的细胞类型，包括肠细胞（ECs）、肠内分泌细胞（EEs）和肠干细胞（ISCs）。ScRNA-seq和qRT-PCR分析揭示了三个GSS基因（GSS1-GSS3）在ECs、EEs和ISCs中宿主依赖性的差异表达模式。Western blot （WB）和免疫组化（IHC）结果显示，萝卜饲幼虫中GSS3蛋白水平升高，而GSS1和GSS2表达模式变化较大。伪时间轨迹分析进一步表明，所有三种gss都遵循从ISCs到EEs或ECs的分化途径，但饮食条件导致不同的分化轨迹。本研究阐明了小菜中gss的饮食依赖性调控格局，并描绘了gss表达细胞的分化轨迹。

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引用次数: 0

Transgressive gene expression disrupts the molting process in hybrids of two invasive termites 越界基因表达破坏了两种入侵白蚁杂交的蜕皮过程。

IF 3.7 2区农林科学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2025.104383

Kyung Seok Kim , Darshan Chetty , Thomas Chouvenc , Joseph F. Velenovsky IV , Sang-Bin Lee , Seema Rana , Edward L. Vargo

The Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus) and the Asian subterranean termite (Coptotermes gestroi) are among the most destructive termite pests in the world. Both species have spread to various regions worldwide with overlapping distributions in a few areas where they can potentially hybridize. Observations suggest that workers in hybrid colonies are slower to molt than those of the parental species, suggesting a disruption in the molting process as a form of hybrid incompatibility. Our goal was to identify misexpressed genes in hybrids during the molting process to help uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying molting disruption. We conducted RNA-seq and identified molting-related genes by performing a time course analysis on differentially expressed transcripts. We identified molting-related genes during each stage of the molting cycle (pre-, post- and inter-molt) in the parental species. We then compared expression levels of these genes in the hybrids to identify genes that were transgressively expressed (either over- or under-expressed) compared to the parental species. We identified several genes related to the molting cycle, muscle contraction, response to stress, and ecdysone metabolism that were under-expressed in hybrids relative to their parents. These differences may help explain the disruption of molting in hybrids and provide insights into the effects of hybridization on misexpression of genes during critical periods of growth and development. Moreover, identification of molting related genes in subterranean termites highlights the molecular pathways involved in the molting process in this group of insects with high developmental plasticity.

台湾地下白蚁（Coptotermes formosanus）和亚洲地下白蚁（Coptotermes gestroi）是世界上最具破坏性的白蚁害虫。这两个物种已经扩散到世界各地，在一些地区重叠分布，它们可以潜在地杂交。观察表明，杂交群体中的工蜂蜕皮速度比亲本物种慢，这表明蜕皮过程的中断是杂交不相容的一种形式。我们的目标是鉴定在蜕皮过程中杂种中错误表达的基因，以帮助揭示蜕皮中断的分子机制。我们进行了rna测序，并通过对差异表达转录物进行时间过程分析来鉴定蜕皮相关基因。我们在亲本物种的蜕皮周期的每个阶段（蜕皮前、蜕皮后和蜕皮间）鉴定了蜕皮相关基因。然后，我们比较了这些基因在杂交种中的表达水平，以确定与亲本物种相比，过度表达（或过表达或过表达）的基因。我们发现了几个与蜕皮周期、肌肉收缩、应激反应和蜕皮激素代谢相关的基因，这些基因在杂交后代中相对于亲代表达不足。这些差异可能有助于解释杂交种蜕皮的中断，并为杂交对生长发育关键时期基因错误表达的影响提供见解。此外，通过对地下白蚁蜕皮相关基因的鉴定，揭示了地下白蚁这种具有高度发育可塑性的昆虫蜕皮过程的分子途径。

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引用次数: 0