Pub Date : 2018-07-07DOI: 10.31585/jbba-vol.1-issue.1-july-2018
N. Naqvi
{"title":"Full Text PDF of The JBBA: Vol 1, Issue 1, July 2018","authors":"N. Naqvi","doi":"10.31585/jbba-vol.1-issue.1-july-2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/jbba-vol.1-issue.1-july-2018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"459 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79815277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-04DOI: 10.31585/jbba-1-1-(2)2018
P. Goorha
In this note, I return to Coase (1937), on its 80th anniversary, to assess whether its logic and insight can be reconciled with the blockchain revolution. I argue that, indeed, it can, and propose the existence of a third method of organizing economic activity in a specialized exchange economy, in addition to the two that Coase considered. I call it the cryptographic stigmergy. If there be such merit in the argument here, let it be dedicated to the memory of Ronald Coase.
{"title":"The Return of ‘The Nature of the Firm’: The Role of the Blockchain","authors":"P. Goorha","doi":"10.31585/jbba-1-1-(2)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/jbba-1-1-(2)2018","url":null,"abstract":"In this note, I return to Coase (1937), on its 80th anniversary, to assess whether its logic and insight can be reconciled with the blockchain revolution. I argue that, indeed, it can, and propose the existence of a third method of organizing economic activity in a specialized exchange economy, in addition to the two that Coase considered. I call it the cryptographic stigmergy. If there be such merit in the argument here, let it be dedicated to the memory of Ronald Coase.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80474226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-04DOI: 10.31585/jbba-1-1-(11)2018
D. Wood
{"title":"A Future History of International Blockchain Standards","authors":"D. Wood","doi":"10.31585/jbba-1-1-(11)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/jbba-1-1-(11)2018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77548542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-04DOI: 10.31585/JBBA-1-2-(1)2018
Eddie Hughes, Luke Graham, Lee Rowley, Rebecca Lowe
With their innovative and fundamentally liberalising approach to data storage, distributive ledger technologies (DLTs) like blockchain—and other associated technologies offer immense benefits to both the public and private sectors, not least in terms of upping efficiency. Lovers of freedom should also note, however, that they offer an important chance to empower individuals in their necessary engagements with the state, and to rebuild societal trust for the common good. In this paper, we propose the establishment of a UK-based international blockchain competition, and a public-facing **‘Chief Blockchain Officer.’** We also propose a UK **‘blockchain departmental target’**: a long-term aim for government departments to make a 1% efficiency saving by embracing blockchain and other associated innovative technologies. A renewed UK focus on efficiency and the opportunities of new technology would be inspirational, and we look forward to discussing these proposals, and carrying out further research into Distributed Ledger Technologies.
{"title":"Unlocking Blockchain: Embracing New Technologies to Drive Efficiency and Empower the Citizen","authors":"Eddie Hughes, Luke Graham, Lee Rowley, Rebecca Lowe","doi":"10.31585/JBBA-1-2-(1)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/JBBA-1-2-(1)2018","url":null,"abstract":"With their innovative and fundamentally liberalising approach to data storage, distributive ledger technologies (DLTs) like blockchain—and other associated technologies offer immense benefits to both the public and private sectors, not least in terms of upping efficiency. Lovers of freedom should also note, however, that they offer an important chance to empower individuals in their necessary engagements with the state, and to rebuild societal trust for the common good. \u0000\u0000In this paper, we propose the establishment of a UK-based international blockchain competition, and a public-facing **‘Chief Blockchain Officer.’** We also propose a UK **‘blockchain departmental target’**: a long-term aim for government departments to make a 1% efficiency saving by embracing blockchain and other associated innovative technologies. A renewed UK focus on efficiency and the opportunities of new technology would be inspirational, and we look forward to discussing these proposals, and carrying out further research into Distributed Ledger Technologies.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74270380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-12DOI: 10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(10)2018
In response to food contamination scandals worldwide, retail giant Walmart is tackling food safety in the supply chain using blockchain technology. In 2016, it established the Walmart Food Safety Collaboration Center in Beijing and plans to invest $25 million over five years to research global food safety (Yiannas and Liu, 2017). Using IBM’s blockchain solution based on Hyperledger Fabric, Walmart has successfully completed two blockchain pilots: pork in China and mangoes in the Americas (IBM, 2017). With a farm-to-table approach, Walmart’s blockchain solution reduced time for tracking mango origins from seven days to 2.2 seconds and promoted greater transparency across Walmart’s food supply chain (Yiannas, 2017). IBM called it “complete end-to-end traceability” (McDermott, 2017). The case highlights the challenges of implementing blockchain technology in the food supply chain and the opportunities for deploying blockchain solutions throughout the global food ecosystem to increase safety and reduce waste.
为了应对全球范围内的食品污染丑闻，零售巨头沃尔玛正在使用区块链技术解决供应链中的食品安全问题。2016年，沃尔玛在北京成立了沃尔玛食品安全协作中心，并计划在五年内投资2500万美元研究全球食品安全(Yiannas and Liu, 2017)。使用IBM基于Hyperledger Fabric的区块链解决方案，沃尔玛已经成功完成了两个区块链试点:中国的猪肉和美洲的芒果(IBM, 2017)。通过从农场到餐桌的方法，沃尔玛的区块链解决方案将追踪芒果来源的时间从7天缩短到2.2秒，并提高了沃尔玛食品供应链的透明度(Yiannas, 2017)。IBM称之为“完全的端到端可追溯性”(McDermott, 2017)。该案例强调了在食品供应链中实施区块链技术的挑战，以及在整个全球食品生态系统中部署区块链解决方案以提高安全性和减少浪费的机会。
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Pub Date : 2018-06-07DOI: 10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(9)2018
J. Reynolds
The UK Government is under growing pressure to improve the performance of public services whilst reducing costs. Services are under stress at a national and local level. This pressure to improve the value being delivered to citizens whilst reducing operational costs and risks is analogous to the pressure the financial service industry has been under since 2008. Financial services organisations are increasingly turning to Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) to address these challenges. Distributed ledger technology is enabling a new paradigm in financial services where organisations collaborate and integrate at the infrastructure and transaction level, freeing up resources for innovation and competition at the application and value proposition level; what we are seeing is wholesale business model transformation. This paper explores how a new Public Value Network might enable Public Service Organisations to: 1. Retain their existing decentralised business models, (budgets, decision making, business, service design) yet optimise and synchronise locally and nationally 2. Collaborate in the design and delivery of frictionless human centric services 3. Automate- services, adherence to and auditing of regulation, policy and process 4. Improve financial transparency across public service value chain.
{"title":"The Internet of Public Value","authors":"J. Reynolds","doi":"10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(9)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(9)2018","url":null,"abstract":"The UK Government is under growing pressure to improve the performance of public services whilst reducing costs. Services are under stress at a national and local level. This pressure to improve the value being delivered to citizens whilst reducing operational costs and risks is analogous to the pressure the financial service industry has been under since 2008.\u0000\u0000Financial services organisations are increasingly turning to Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) to address these challenges. Distributed ledger technology is enabling a new paradigm in financial services where organisations collaborate and integrate at the infrastructure and transaction level, freeing up resources for innovation and competition at the application and value proposition level; what we are seeing is wholesale business model transformation.\u0000\u0000This paper explores how a new Public Value Network might enable Public Service Organisations to:\u0000\u00001. Retain their existing decentralised business models, (budgets, decision making, business, service design) yet optimise and synchronise locally and nationally\u00002. Collaborate in the design and delivery of frictionless human centric services\u00003. Automate- services, adherence to and auditing of regulation, policy and process\u00004. Improve financial transparency across public service value chain.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90122217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-02DOI: 10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(8)2018
S. Kampakis
Initial Coin Offerings have revolutionised the way that startups are funded. Furthermore, besides their use in an ICO, tokens unlock many possibilities within the context of the artificial economies that are being set up through blockchain: from incentivisation to automatic balancing of the economy. In spite of these developments, there is still no commonly accepted theoretical framework for analysing token economies and ICOs. This presents a unique challenge to the scientific community. A proper theory of token economies would allow us to understand which models work best and are sustainable. This would also help improve the credibility of ICOs as a method of raising money, calming criticism and concerns about speculative bubbles. The science of economics has given us powerful insights into how the laws of real world economies work. What we, as the scientific blockchain community, need to do, is spend more time and resources in understanding how to transfer learnings from traditional economics into token economies and how to create new economic models and theories that exploit the possibilities offered by the blockchain.
{"title":"Why do we need Tokenomics?","authors":"S. Kampakis","doi":"10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(8)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(8)2018","url":null,"abstract":"Initial Coin Offerings have revolutionised the way that startups are funded. Furthermore, besides their use in an ICO, tokens unlock many possibilities within the context of the artificial economies that are being set up through blockchain: from incentivisation to automatic balancing of the economy. In spite of these developments, there is still no commonly accepted theoretical framework for analysing token economies and ICOs. This presents a unique challenge to the scientific community. A proper theory of token economies would allow us to understand which models work best and are sustainable. This would also help improve the credibility of ICOs as a method of raising money, calming criticism and concerns about speculative bubbles. The science of economics has given us powerful insights into how the laws of real world economies work. What we, as the scientific blockchain community, need to do, is spend more time and resources in understanding how to transfer learnings from traditional economics into token economies and how to create new economic models and theories that exploit the possibilities offered by the blockchain.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78194490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-27DOI: 10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(7)2018
Bill Buchanan, N. Naqvi
A blockchain enabled ‘Digital Single Economy” can act as a catalyst for growth and could provide a platform where borderless innovative practices will thrive and create a true collaborative global economy, with shared goals and objectives for the benefit of wider community. A society where digital economy flourishes irrespective of geopolitical ideologies and where a technology like Blockchain holds transformative potential to unite the nations together. The UK currently has strong collaborations around blockchain including with the British Blockchain Association which aims to integrate with the EU on the adoption of Blockchain based methods around a range of application areas. However, at the core of these alliances must be the promotion of technology which link industry, the public sector, and academia, whilst also integrating key stakeholders, such as law enforcement, finance, health care, professional bodies and the legal industry.
{"title":"Building the Future of EU: Moving forward with International Collaboration on Blockchain","authors":"Bill Buchanan, N. Naqvi","doi":"10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(7)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(7)2018","url":null,"abstract":"A blockchain enabled ‘Digital Single Economy” can act as a catalyst for growth and could provide a platform where borderless innovative practices will thrive and create a true collaborative global economy, with shared goals and objectives for the benefit of wider community. A society where digital economy flourishes irrespective of geopolitical ideologies and where a technology like Blockchain holds transformative potential to unite the nations together. The UK currently has strong collaborations around blockchain including with the British Blockchain Association which aims to integrate with the EU on the adoption of Blockchain based methods around a range of application areas. However, at the core of these alliances must be the promotion of technology which link industry, the public sector, and academia, whilst also integrating key stakeholders, such as law enforcement, finance, health care, professional bodies and the legal industry.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73567905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-26DOI: 10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(6)2018
Delton B. Chen
The blockchain is the enigmatic technology that gave birth to Bitcoin and the cryptocurrency movement. By fate or by good fortune, carbon markets and cryptocurrencies face common problems: a need to find consensus on data, and a need to trade value between distrustful strangers. Could the blockchain ledger enable a consensus on carbon budgets, and deliver value for carbon mitigation services? Could blockchain technologies help to resolve the climate crisis? To answer these questions we need to examine the opportunities for decentralized ledgers in carbon and energy markets. Here we show that the blockchain offers a unique opportunity to improve accountability in carb¬on markets and to develop renewable energy micro-grids, but for the blockchain to reach its full potential—to be the game changer—it should be combined with macro-economic policies and macro-prudential regulatory frameworks that can finance a multi-trillion dollar transition.
{"title":"Utility of the Blockchain for Climate Mitigation","authors":"Delton B. Chen","doi":"10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(6)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/JBBA-1-1-(6)2018","url":null,"abstract":"The blockchain is the enigmatic technology that gave birth to Bitcoin and the cryptocurrency movement. By fate or by good fortune, carbon markets and cryptocurrencies face common problems: a need to find consensus on data, and a need to trade value between distrustful strangers. Could the blockchain ledger enable a consensus on carbon budgets, and deliver value for carbon mitigation services? Could blockchain technologies help to resolve the climate crisis? To answer these questions we need to examine the opportunities for decentralized ledgers in carbon and energy markets. Here we show that the blockchain offers a unique opportunity to improve accountability in carb¬on markets and to develop renewable energy micro-grids, but for the blockchain to reach its full potential—to be the game changer—it should be combined with macro-economic policies and macro-prudential regulatory frameworks that can finance a multi-trillion dollar transition.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80695137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-23DOI: 10.31585/jbba-1-1-(5)2018
Mark Wolfskehl
We discuss the current state of blockchain in the technical industry and discuss blockchain's decentralization roots and its inclusion in the world of mainstream corporate technology. We include some technical background and issues in the context of the industry, feasibility, and future directions. We offer speculation as to how blockchain technology may serve various competing agendas. The purpose of this paper is to raise questions more than provide answers - to stimulate thought and discussion - in the context of the technology and its positioning in the centralization vs. decentralization spectrum of interests.
{"title":"Why and How Blockchain?","authors":"Mark Wolfskehl","doi":"10.31585/jbba-1-1-(5)2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31585/jbba-1-1-(5)2018","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the current state of blockchain in the technical industry and discuss blockchain's decentralization roots and its inclusion in the world of mainstream corporate technology. We include some technical background and issues in the context of the industry, feasibility, and future directions. We offer speculation as to how blockchain technology may serve various competing agendas. The purpose of this paper is to raise questions more than provide answers - to stimulate thought and discussion - in the context of the technology and its positioning in the centralization vs. decentralization spectrum of interests.","PeriodicalId":33145,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of The British Blockchain Association","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80303176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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