Intermetallics最新文献

英文中文

Corrosion and wear behavior of the Fe-based amorphous coating in extremely aggressive solutions

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108713

Shuai Cui , Wei Tong , Haimin Zhai , Jian Zhang , Dangsheng Xiong , Jing Liu , Yujie Qiang

Fe-based amorphous coatings (Fe-based AMCs) are a cost-effective solution for improving the corrosion and wear protection performance of high-end equipment seals operating under various harsh operating environments. However, relatively little research has been done to demonstrate how coating microstructural defects affect the protective performance of the passive film and how corrosion ions control the degree of wear interface response. Herein, Fe-based AMCs with various microstructures were prepared using detonation spraying under different spraying parameters, and the resultant coatings were named as Fe-based AMC-A, B and C. The corrosion and wear behaviors of the resulting coatings were assessed using the electrochemical corrosion and wear test in 1 mol/L NaCl, 1 mol/L H₂SO₄ and 1 mol/L NaOH. The results show that the corrosion and wear performance of Fe-based AMCs is directly influenced by their microstructures and the wear interface interactions between the tribopairs. The heterogeneous distribution of chemical components caused by pores and crystalline phases could reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating. Fe-based AMC-B has the highest corrosion potential (−389 mV) and lowest corrosion current density (3.088 × 10⁻⁶ A cm⁻²). Hydrogen ion enrichment accelerates the anodic polarization and hydration reaction of Si₃N₄ ball, whereas high concentrations of hydroxide ions have the opposite effect. Because of the high degree of hydration reactions and high content of MoO₃, the friction coefficient (0.34 ± 0.01) and wear rate (6.94 × 10⁻⁶ mm³ N⁻¹ m⁻¹) of the coating were lowest in the acidic solution, while the friction coefficient (0.63 ± 0.02) and wear rate (27.8 × 10⁻⁶ mm³ N⁻¹ m⁻¹) of the coating in the NaOH solution were highest compared to that in H₂SO₄ and NaCl solutions. The wear mechanisms of the coating in corrosive solutions can be understood with tribo-chemical wear and corrosion wear.

{"title":"Corrosion and wear behavior of the Fe-based amorphous coating in extremely aggressive solutions","authors":"Shuai Cui , Wei Tong , Haimin Zhai , Jian Zhang , Dangsheng Xiong , Jing Liu , Yujie Qiang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fe-based amorphous coatings (Fe-based AMCs) are a cost-effective solution for improving the corrosion and wear protection performance of high-end equipment seals operating under various harsh operating environments. However, relatively little research has been done to demonstrate how coating microstructural defects affect the protective performance of the passive film and how corrosion ions control the degree of wear interface response. Herein, Fe-based AMCs with various microstructures were prepared using detonation spraying under different spraying parameters, and the resultant coatings were named as Fe-based AMC-A, B and C. The corrosion and wear behaviors of the resulting coatings were assessed using the electrochemical corrosion and wear test in 1 mol/L NaCl, 1 mol/L H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and 1 mol/L NaOH. The results show that the corrosion and wear performance of Fe-based AMCs is directly influenced by their microstructures and the wear interface interactions between the tribopairs. The heterogeneous distribution of chemical components caused by pores and crystalline phases could reduce the corrosion resistance of the coating. Fe-based AMC-B has the highest corrosion potential (−389 mV) and lowest corrosion current density (3.088 × 10<sup>−6</sup> A cm<sup>−2</sup>). Hydrogen ion enrichment accelerates the anodic polarization and hydration reaction of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ball, whereas high concentrations of hydroxide ions have the opposite effect. Because of the high degree of hydration reactions and high content of MoO<sub>3</sub>, the friction coefficient (0.34 ± 0.01) and wear rate (6.94 × 10<sup>−6</sup> mm<sup>3</sup> N<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−1</sup>) of the coating were lowest in the acidic solution, while the friction coefficient (0.63 ± 0.02) and wear rate (27.8 × 10<sup>−6</sup> mm<sup>3</sup> N<sup>−1</sup> m<sup>−1</sup>) of the coating in the NaOH solution were highest compared to that in H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and NaCl solutions. The wear mechanisms of the coating in corrosive solutions can be understood with tribo-chemical wear and corrosion wear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 108713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143478519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vacancy diffusion mechanism in K-state formation of NiCrAlFe alloy

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108709

Yamin Li , Qian Chen , Zhide Li , Shutong Fan , Hongjun Liu

To address the challenge of determining the atomic occupancy of the K-state, the diffusion and migration behavior of vacancies in the NiCrAlFe alloy was investigated using first-principles calculations based on the climbing image nudged elastic band method (CI-NEB). The results indicate that Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr) atoms tend to diffuse via a nearest-neighbor mechanism facilitated by vacancies. Ni atoms exhibit uphill diffusion, resulting in the formation of an enriched region on the (111) plane with the highest diffusion rate. Cr atoms diffuse along the [110] direction, leading to the formation of short-range ordered (SRO) structures characterized by alternating arrangements of Ni and Cr atoms or aggregation regions centered on Cr atoms with neighboring Ni atoms. Additionally, the presence of a small amount of aluminum (Al) promotes the formation of SRO structures. During the K-state formation process, the arrangement of atoms in the solid solution evolves from disorder to segregation and ultimately to order. This study elucidates the diffusion formation mechanism in the K-state of nichrome at the atomic level and provides new insights for investigating the precipitation mechanism of SRO structures in solid solutions.

{"title":"Vacancy diffusion mechanism in K-state formation of NiCrAlFe alloy","authors":"Yamin Li , Qian Chen , Zhide Li , Shutong Fan , Hongjun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the challenge of determining the atomic occupancy of the K-state, the diffusion and migration behavior of vacancies in the NiCrAlFe alloy was investigated using first-principles calculations based on the climbing image nudged elastic band method (CI-NEB). The results indicate that Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr) atoms tend to diffuse via a nearest-neighbor mechanism facilitated by vacancies. Ni atoms exhibit uphill diffusion, resulting in the formation of an enriched region on the (111) plane with the highest diffusion rate. Cr atoms diffuse along the [110] direction, leading to the formation of short-range ordered (SRO) structures characterized by alternating arrangements of Ni and Cr atoms or aggregation regions centered on Cr atoms with neighboring Ni atoms. Additionally, the presence of a small amount of aluminum (Al) promotes the formation of SRO structures. During the K-state formation process, the arrangement of atoms in the solid solution evolves from disorder to segregation and ultimately to order. This study elucidates the diffusion formation mechanism in the K-state of nichrome at the atomic level and provides new insights for investigating the precipitation mechanism of SRO structures in solid solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108709"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of substituting Mo for W and temperature on γ/γ′ lattice misfits of second generation Ni based single crystal superalloys

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108710

Cheng Ai , Kaiwen Li , Xiaojing Xu , Yi Ru , Heng Zhang , Shusuo Li , Shengkai Gong , Hanwei Jiang , Min Guo , Taiwen Huang , Lin Liu

In this investigation, effects of substituting Mo for W and temperature on lattice constants of γ and γ′ phases and γ/γ′ misfits of second generation Ni based single crystal superalloys was investigated. The lattice constants of γ and γ′ phases in heat-treated W-rich and Mo-rich single crystal superalloys were measured by in-situ high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) at temperature ranged from room temperature to 1150 °C. Meanwhile, both thermodynamic calculation and Vegard's law (considering thermal expansion coefficient) were used to calculate lattice constants of γ and γ′ phases and γ/γ′ misfits of two experimental alloys. Both experiment and calculation results indicated that substituting Mo for W obviously increased lattice constant of γ phase, while its influence on lattice constant of γ′ phase was limited, and thus substituting Mo for W significantly decreased γ/γ′ misfit. Meanwhile, the experimental results of HT-XRD indicated that absolute value of γ/γ′ misfits of two experimental alloys at 1100 °C were higher than those of at 1150 °C, which was in good agreement with evolution rule of γ/γ′ interfacial dislocation network spacings in two experimental alloys (after creep rupture at 1100 °C and 1150 °C).

{"title":"Effects of substituting Mo for W and temperature on γ/γ′ lattice misfits of second generation Ni based single crystal superalloys","authors":"Cheng Ai , Kaiwen Li , Xiaojing Xu , Yi Ru , Heng Zhang , Shusuo Li , Shengkai Gong , Hanwei Jiang , Min Guo , Taiwen Huang , Lin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this investigation, effects of substituting Mo for W and temperature on lattice constants of γ and γ′ phases and γ/γ′ misfits of second generation Ni based single crystal superalloys was investigated. The lattice constants of γ and γ′ phases in heat-treated W-rich and Mo-rich single crystal superalloys were measured by in-situ high temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) at temperature ranged from room temperature to 1150 °C. Meanwhile, both thermodynamic calculation and Vegard's law (considering thermal expansion coefficient) were used to calculate lattice constants of γ and γ′ phases and γ/γ′ misfits of two experimental alloys. Both experiment and calculation results indicated that substituting Mo for W obviously increased lattice constant of γ phase, while its influence on lattice constant of γ′ phase was limited, and thus substituting Mo for W significantly decreased γ/γ′ misfit. Meanwhile, the experimental results of HT-XRD indicated that absolute value of γ/γ′ misfits of two experimental alloys at 1100 °C were higher than those of at 1150 °C, which was in good agreement with evolution rule of γ/γ′ interfacial dislocation network spacings in two experimental alloys (after creep rupture at 1100 °C and 1150 °C).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108710"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase equilibria in the Fe-rich corner of the Fe-Nb-Zr system at 1200 °C

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108712

M.R. Tolosa , G. Aurelio , L. Acosta , N. Nieva

The Fe-rich corner of the Fe-Nb-Zr phase diagram was studied at 1200 °C by using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and quantitative electron probe microanalysis. The Fe₂Nb(C14) hexagonal Laves phase, Fe₂₃Zr₆ and Fe(α) compounds were found. The existence of two three-phase fields (Fe₂(Zr_1-xNbx)(C14) + Fe(α) + Fe₂₃Zr₆) and (Fe₂(Zr_1-xNb_x)(C14) + Fe₂Zr(C15) + Fe₂₃Zr₆) and five two-phase fields (Fe₂(Zr_1-xNb_x)C14 + Fe(α)), (Fe(α) + Fe₂₃Zr₆), (Fe₂₃Zr₆ + Fe₂Zr(C15)), (Fe₂(Zr_1-xNb_x)(C14) + Fe₂₃Zr₆) and (Fe₂(Zr_1-xNb_x)(C14) + Fe₂Zr(C15)) are proposed in the present work. The phase diagram section at 1200 °C in the Fe-rich corner of the Fe-Nb-Zr system has been re-drawn.

利用同步辐射 X 射线衍射和定量电子探针显微分析，研究了 1200 ℃ 时 Fe-Nb-Zr 相图中的富铁角。发现了 Fe2Nb(C14) 六方拉维斯相、Fe23Zr6 和 Fe(α) 化合物。存在两个三相场（Fe2(Zr1-xNbx)(C14) + Fe(α) + Fe23Zr6）和（Fe2(Zr1-xNbx)(C14) + Fe2Zr(C15) + Fe23Zr6）以及五个两相场（Fe2(Zr1-xNbx)C14 + Fe(α)）、(Fe(α) + Fe23Zr6)、(Fe23Zr6 + Fe2Zr(C15))、(Fe2(Zr1-xNbx)(C14) + Fe23Zr6) 和 (Fe2(Zr1-xNbx)(C14) + Fe2Zr(C15))五个两相场。重新绘制了 Fe-Nb-Zr 体系富铁角 1200 °C 时的相图剖面。

引用次数: 0

Development of a Ti49Zr20Hf15Al10Nb6 high entropy shape memory alloy for biomedical applications

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108711

Zhaolin Hua , Lin Guo , Yun Zhang , Yilong Dai , Dechuang Zhang , Fangsheng Mei , Jianguo Lin

Titanium (Ti)-rich high entropy shape memory alloys (HESMAs) exhibit excellent mechanical properties and the biocompatibility of Ti alloys. Researches on the biomedical applications of the HESMAs are urgently needed to identify metallic biomaterials superior to the traditional Ni–Ti and Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) alloys. In this study, a Ti-rich HESMA, designated as Ti₄₉Zr₂₀Hf₁₅Al₁₀Nb₆ (in atomic percent, at. %), was synthesized using an arc melting and suction casting method. The investigation focused on its mechanical properties, superelasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The Ti-rich HESMA demonstrated superior attributes in terms of strength, elastic modulus, wear and corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility when compared to Ni–Ti and Ti64 alloys. Despite its elemental complexity, the as-cast Ti-rich HESMA achieved a homogeneous composition and maintained a sole β phase consisting of equiaxed grains with an average size of 52 μm, leading to a low elastic modulus of 83.9 GPa. Notably, the Ti-rich HESMA exhibits superelasticity at room temperature, with a maximum recoverable strain of approximately 3.8 %. Moreover, it demonstrates superior wear resistance compared to Ni–Ti and Ti64. Additionally, the Ti-rich HESMA shows high corrosion resistance in Hanks’ solution and favorable cytocompatibility relative to Ni–Ti and Ti64. Overall, the Ti-rich HESMA represents a promising avenue for the development of innovative metallic biomaterials.

{"title":"Development of a Ti49Zr20Hf15Al10Nb6 high entropy shape memory alloy for biomedical applications","authors":"Zhaolin Hua , Lin Guo , Yun Zhang , Yilong Dai , Dechuang Zhang , Fangsheng Mei , Jianguo Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Titanium (Ti)-rich high entropy shape memory alloys (HESMAs) exhibit excellent mechanical properties and the biocompatibility of Ti alloys. Researches on the biomedical applications of the HESMAs are urgently needed to identify metallic biomaterials superior to the traditional Ni–Ti and Ti–6Al–4V (Ti64) alloys. In this study, a Ti-rich HESMA, designated as Ti<sub>49</sub>Zr<sub>20</sub>Hf<sub>15</sub>Al<sub>10</sub>Nb<sub>6</sub> (in atomic percent, at. %), was synthesized using an arc melting and suction casting method. The investigation focused on its mechanical properties, superelasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. The Ti-rich HESMA demonstrated superior attributes in terms of strength, elastic modulus, wear and corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility when compared to Ni–Ti and Ti64 alloys. Despite its elemental complexity, the as-cast Ti-rich HESMA achieved a homogeneous composition and maintained a sole β phase consisting of equiaxed grains with an average size of 52 μm, leading to a low elastic modulus of 83.9 GPa. Notably, the Ti-rich HESMA exhibits superelasticity at room temperature, with a maximum recoverable strain of approximately 3.8 %. Moreover, it demonstrates superior wear resistance compared to Ni–Ti and Ti64. Additionally, the Ti-rich HESMA shows high corrosion resistance in Hanks’ solution and favorable cytocompatibility relative to Ni–Ti and Ti64. Overall, the Ti-rich HESMA represents a promising avenue for the development of innovative metallic biomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of elevated temperature and stress state on ductile fracture behaviors in titanium alloy: Experiments and modeling

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108708

Rui Feng, Minghe Chen, Lansheng Xie, Hongrui Dong

This research aims to characterize the effects of elevated temperature and stress state on the yield and fracture behavior of forged TC4 alloy. The uniaxial tensile, compression, and shear experiments were performed with different geometry under wide stress triaxiality at 760–800 °C. The experimental results indicate that the strength of TC4 titanium alloy decreases monotonously and unevenly with the temperature increase. The tension-compression asymmetry changes nonlinearly with temperature and strain, and this asymmetry decreases with increasing temperature. With the increase of stress triaxiality, the dimples in the fracture morphology become larger and deeper, and the ductile fracture mechanism changes from shear fracture to dimple fracture mechanism. A modified-JC constitutive model was proposed, and the coefficient of determination are about 0.981 and 0.971 for UTS and UCS. The temperature related yield function of Cazacu-Barlat2004 was constructed to describe the non-uniform evolution characteristics related to temperature and strain, and the fracture-related variables were calibrated with the hybrid experimental and numerical method under acceptable prediction accuracy. Finally, the temperature-related variables were successfully introduced into the DF2016 fracture model, and the fracture occurrence under different temperature and stress states were predicted with small prediction error. These research results can provide a basis for the shape and performance control of titanium alloy in the hot forming process.

{"title":"Effect of elevated temperature and stress state on ductile fracture behaviors in titanium alloy: Experiments and modeling","authors":"Rui Feng, Minghe Chen, Lansheng Xie, Hongrui Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research aims to characterize the effects of elevated temperature and stress state on the yield and fracture behavior of forged TC4 alloy. The uniaxial tensile, compression, and shear experiments were performed with different geometry under wide stress triaxiality at 760–800 °C. The experimental results indicate that the strength of TC4 titanium alloy decreases monotonously and unevenly with the temperature increase. The tension-compression asymmetry changes nonlinearly with temperature and strain, and this asymmetry decreases with increasing temperature. With the increase of stress triaxiality, the dimples in the fracture morphology become larger and deeper, and the ductile fracture mechanism changes from shear fracture to dimple fracture mechanism. A modified-JC constitutive model was proposed, and the coefficient of determination are about 0.981 and 0.971 for UTS and UCS. The temperature related yield function of Cazacu-Barlat2004 was constructed to describe the non-uniform evolution characteristics related to temperature and strain, and the fracture-related variables were calibrated with the hybrid experimental and numerical method under acceptable prediction accuracy. Finally, the temperature-related variables were successfully introduced into the DF2016 fracture model, and the fracture occurrence under different temperature and stress states were predicted with small prediction error. These research results can provide a basis for the shape and performance control of titanium alloy in the hot forming process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108708"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective laser melting of near Ti-5321 β titanium alloy: Microstructure, mechanical properties and deformation mechanism

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108688

Changfu Li , Wenlong Lu , Dezhi Wang , Yuhang Ren , Chao Wang , Guang Yang

In this work, the microstructure of near β Ti-5321 (Ti-5Al-3Mo-3V-2Cr-2Zr-1Nb-1Fe) alloy was optimized by varying the parameters of the selective laser melting (SLM) process. The room-temperature tensile properties of the samples were tested, and the deformation mechanism was analyzed. Fully dense sample preparation was achieved by changing the laser power and scanning speed parameters of SLM. The results of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed that as-depositedsample containe columnar β grains with <001>//BD texture, and the width of the grains increased with the increase of laser power. The total elongation of the Ti-5321 alloy sample reaches 17 % and the ultimate tensile strength is 1126 MPa at room temperature tensile; the presence of α″ phase and {332}< 113> and {112}< 111> deformation twins in the microstructure of the sample near the tensile fracture suggests that the sample contains multiple deformation mechanisms, i.e, dislocation slip, transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), and twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP).

{"title":"Selective laser melting of near Ti-5321 β titanium alloy: Microstructure, mechanical properties and deformation mechanism","authors":"Changfu Li , Wenlong Lu , Dezhi Wang , Yuhang Ren , Chao Wang , Guang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the microstructure of near β Ti-5321 (Ti-5Al-3Mo-3V-2Cr-2Zr-1Nb-1Fe) alloy was optimized by varying the parameters of the selective laser melting (SLM) process. The room-temperature tensile properties of the samples were tested, and the deformation mechanism was analyzed. Fully dense sample preparation was achieved by changing the laser power and scanning speed parameters of SLM. The results of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis showed that as-depositedsample containe columnar β grains with <001>//BD texture, and the width of the grains increased with the increase of laser power. The total elongation of the Ti-5321 alloy sample reaches 17 % and the ultimate tensile strength is 1126 MPa at room temperature tensile; the presence of α″ phase and {332}< 113> and {112}< 111> deformation twins in the microstructure of the sample near the tensile fracture suggests that the sample contains multiple deformation mechanisms, i.e, dislocation slip, transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP), and twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108688"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-situ study of FeCoCrMoCBTm high entropy bulk metallic glasses with high thermal stability via high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108706

Wei Chen , Zhichao Lu , Chengzhe Wang , Xiaolong Li , Ming Yang , Guanhaojie Zheng , Yibo Zhang , Xuerui Wei , Yan Huang , Fan Zhang , Fanqiang Meng , Zhou Zhou , Dong Ma

Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) exhibit good potential application in magnetic-electrical parts and anti-corrosion scenarios due to the good soft magnetic and mechanical properties. Despite their good properties, Fe-based BMGs generally suffer from the crystallization from a metastable glass state via structural relaxation, nucleation, and grain growth upon heating. Thus, pursuing high thermal stability is essentially the holy grail of the BMG research community. In this work, we successfully developed a series of FeCoCrMoCBTm high entropy BMGs (HE-BMGs) with superior thermal stability via microalloying and entropy tuning. Among these developed alloys, the Fe₃₃Co₁₅Cr₁₇Mo₁₃C₁₅B₆Tm₂ HE-BMG exhibits the best thermal stability with crystallization temperature exceeding 900 K (916 K) and activation energy of 510.3 ± 30 kJ/mol, which is higher than most of the conventional metallic glasses (MGs). The in-situ high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction of Fe₃₃Co₁₅Cr₁₇Mo₁₃C₁₅B₆Tm₂ HE-BMG upon heating was carried out to further clarify the phase transformation mechanism and its correlation to thermal stability. This study offers some important insights into the crystallization path and thermal stability of HE-BMGs.

{"title":"In-situ study of FeCoCrMoCBTm high entropy bulk metallic glasses with high thermal stability via high-energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction","authors":"Wei Chen , Zhichao Lu , Chengzhe Wang , Xiaolong Li , Ming Yang , Guanhaojie Zheng , Yibo Zhang , Xuerui Wei , Yan Huang , Fan Zhang , Fanqiang Meng , Zhou Zhou , Dong Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fe-based bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) exhibit good potential application in magnetic-electrical parts and anti-corrosion scenarios due to the good soft magnetic and mechanical properties. Despite their good properties, Fe-based BMGs generally suffer from the crystallization from a metastable glass state via structural relaxation, nucleation, and grain growth upon heating. Thus, pursuing high thermal stability is essentially the holy grail of the BMG research community. In this work, we successfully developed a series of FeCoCrMoCBTm high entropy BMGs (HE-BMGs) with superior thermal stability via microalloying and entropy tuning. Among these developed alloys, the Fe<sub>33</sub>Co<sub>15</sub>Cr<sub>17</sub>Mo<sub>13</sub>C<sub>15</sub>B<sub>6</sub>Tm<sub>2</sub> HE-BMG exhibits the best thermal stability with crystallization temperature exceeding 900 K (916 K) and activation energy of 510.3 ± 30 kJ/mol, which is higher than most of the conventional metallic glasses (MGs). The <em>in-situ</em> high energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction of Fe<sub>33</sub>Co<sub>15</sub>Cr<sub>17</sub>Mo<sub>13</sub>C<sub>15</sub>B<sub>6</sub>Tm<sub>2</sub> HE-BMG upon heating was carried out to further clarify the phase transformation mechanism and its correlation to thermal stability. This study offers some important insights into the crystallization path and thermal stability of HE-BMGs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143428954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced fracture properties by heterogeneous grain structures and dual nanoprecipitates

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108707

Jian Wang , Shengde Zhang , Wei Wang , Xiaolei Wu , Fuping Yuan

Excellent synergy of yield strength and fracture toughness has been achieved in a lightweight steel by deploying heterogeneous structures and dual nanoprecipitates. Two microstructures with similar yield strength (about 1.1 GPa) have been fabricated, one is the fully recrystallized heterogeneous grain structure with higher volume fraction of nanoprecipitates (HGS1), and the other one is the heterogeneous lamella structure consisting of both un-recrystallized and recrystallized areas with lower volume fraction of nanoprecipitates (HLS). The HGS1 shows higher uniform elongation and higher fracture toughness compared to the HLS. The HGS1 displays larger size of plastic zone and higher hardening capacity around the crack tip compared to the HLS. The plastic deformation around the crack tip is accommodated by the planar dislocation slips and the formation of parallel slip bands on two {111} planes for both samples. The average interspacing of the slip bands for the HGS1 sample is found to be smaller than that for the HLS sample, indicating a stronger hardening around the crack tip for the HGS1 sample. The higher fracture toughness of the HGS1 sample can be attributed to the stronger hardening around the crack tip by the smaller spacing of planar slip bands and the stronger precipitation hardening.

{"title":"Enhanced fracture properties by heterogeneous grain structures and dual nanoprecipitates","authors":"Jian Wang , Shengde Zhang , Wei Wang , Xiaolei Wu , Fuping Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excellent synergy of yield strength and fracture toughness has been achieved in a lightweight steel by deploying heterogeneous structures and dual nanoprecipitates. Two microstructures with similar yield strength (about 1.1 GPa) have been fabricated, one is the fully recrystallized heterogeneous grain structure with higher volume fraction of nanoprecipitates (HGS1), and the other one is the heterogeneous lamella structure consisting of both un-recrystallized and recrystallized areas with lower volume fraction of nanoprecipitates (HLS). The HGS1 shows higher uniform elongation and higher fracture toughness compared to the HLS. The HGS1 displays larger size of plastic zone and higher hardening capacity around the crack tip compared to the HLS. The plastic deformation around the crack tip is accommodated by the planar dislocation slips and the formation of parallel slip bands on two {111} planes for both samples. The average interspacing of the slip bands for the HGS1 sample is found to be smaller than that for the HLS sample, indicating a stronger hardening around the crack tip for the HGS1 sample. The higher fracture toughness of the HGS1 sample can be attributed to the stronger hardening around the crack tip by the smaller spacing of planar slip bands and the stronger precipitation hardening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microstructure and hardening mechanisms of oxygen-doped (Fe3Co2Ni2Cr3)94-xAlxO6 multi-principal element alloys

IF 4.3 2区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Intermetallics

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108655

Xin Han , Chong Peng , Guangtong Zhou , Chan Han , Kenan Li , Ningchang Wang , Shuju Liang , Rui Li , Yujiao Ke

A series of oxygen-doped (Fe₃Co₂Ni₂Cr₃)_94-xAl_xO₆ (x = 3–7 at.%) multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) was synthesized via mechanical alloying (MA) and subsequently consolidated by high-pressure and high-temperature sintering (HPHT), and the effect of Al contents on the microstructure and hardening mechanisms was investigated systematically. Detailed microstructural characterizations indicate that (Fe₃Co₂Ni₂Cr₃)_94-xAl_xO₆ MPEAs are composed of nanocrystalline FCC matrix, and ultrafine grained Cr-rich oxides, as well as the particle size of the Cr-rich oxides decreases and the distribution is gradually uniform with increasing Al contents. The (Fe₃Co₂Ni₂Cr₃)₈₇Al₇O₆ MPEA contains small nanocrystalline Al-rich oxides. Attributed to grain boundary strengthening and strain hardening, (Fe₃Co₂Ni₂Cr₃)₈₇Al₇O₆ shows a high Vickers hardness of 6.98 ± 0.16 GPa, higher than that of most previously reported FCC structured HEAs. Estimated from Tabor's equation, the Tabor's ratio attains a value of ∼2.96, consistent with that of conventional polycrystalline materials. This work provides a novel pathway for hardening MPEAs and widens the design toolbox for other high-performance materials, given the typical Tabor ratio.

{"title":"Microstructure and hardening mechanisms of oxygen-doped (Fe3Co2Ni2Cr3)94-xAlxO6 multi-principal element alloys","authors":"Xin Han , Chong Peng , Guangtong Zhou , Chan Han , Kenan Li , Ningchang Wang , Shuju Liang , Rui Li , Yujiao Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.108655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of oxygen-doped (Fe<sub>3</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>3</sub>)<sub>94-<em>x</em></sub>Al<sub><em>x</em></sub>O<sub>6</sub> (<em>x</em> = 3–7 at.%) multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) was synthesized via mechanical alloying (MA) and subsequently consolidated by high-pressure and high-temperature sintering (HPHT), and the effect of Al contents on the microstructure and hardening mechanisms was investigated systematically. Detailed microstructural characterizations indicate that (Fe<sub>3</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>3</sub>)<sub>94-<em>x</em></sub>Al<sub><em>x</em></sub>O<sub>6</sub> MPEAs are composed of nanocrystalline FCC matrix, and ultrafine grained Cr-rich oxides, as well as the particle size of the Cr-rich oxides decreases and the distribution is gradually uniform with increasing Al contents. The (Fe<sub>3</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>3</sub>)<sub>87</sub>Al<sub>7</sub>O<sub>6</sub> MPEA contains small nanocrystalline Al-rich oxides. Attributed to grain boundary strengthening and strain hardening, (Fe<sub>3</sub>Co<sub>2</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>3</sub>)<sub>87</sub>Al<sub>7</sub>O<sub>6</sub> shows a high Vickers hardness of 6.98 ± 0.16 GPa, higher than that of most previously reported FCC structured HEAs. Estimated from Tabor's equation, the Tabor's ratio attains a value of ∼2.96, consistent with that of conventional polycrystalline materials. This work provides a novel pathway for hardening MPEAs and widens the design toolbox for other high-performance materials, given the typical Tabor ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 108655"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143420810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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