Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109096
Kunyu Wang , Zhiqiang Wang , Yunlong Li , Jie Zhu
Ni-Mn-Ga-Cu-B porous alloy was prepared via powder metallurgy using NaCl as a pore-forming agent. The influence of mechanical training on the phase transformation behavior of porous shape memory alloy was studied. The results revealed that cyclic compression induced residual martensite phases and saturated dislocations in the porous alloy, reducing the incompatibility between martensite and austenite. Higher applied stresses promoted the formation of martensite phases with c-axes perpendicular to the stress direction. The interplay between stress distribution during compression and phase transformation mechanisms were systematically explored.
{"title":"Effect of mechanical training on Ni-Mn-Ga-Cu-B porous shape memory alloy","authors":"Kunyu Wang , Zhiqiang Wang , Yunlong Li , Jie Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni-Mn-Ga-Cu-B porous alloy was prepared via powder metallurgy using NaCl as a pore-forming agent. The influence of mechanical training on the phase transformation behavior of porous shape memory alloy was studied. The results revealed that cyclic compression induced residual martensite phases and saturated dislocations in the porous alloy, reducing the incompatibility between martensite and austenite. Higher applied stresses promoted the formation of martensite phases with c-axes perpendicular to the stress direction. The interplay between stress distribution during compression and phase transformation mechanisms were systematically explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109096"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109100
J.R. Becker , L. Liu , C. Zhang , M. Niezgoda , J.H. Perepezko
To evaluate the phase stability, a diffusion couple experiment of Mo5SiB2 (T2) and SiC in contact was conducted at 1700 °C for 150 h. The post-anneal bonded interface was examined by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The results show no formation of other compounds and minimal interdiffusion between the two phases, indicating that T2 and SiC are in thermodynamic equilibrium. A CALPHAD model phase diagram of T2 in contact with SiC shows the predicted formation of MoB, Mo2BC, and Mo5Si3C phases that were not seen. The discrepancy between the model prediction and the observed equilibria was due to the T2 phase being treated as a line compound, when it really contains a homogeneity range. When accounting for the T2 compositional variance, the model matched the experimental results. This was further confirmed by annealing a Mo-Si-B-C alloy at 1700 °C for 150 h, which showed a microstructure of T2, SiC, Mo5Si3C, and MoB phases that matched the predicted phase equilibria in the improved thermodynamic model.
{"title":"Phase stability in a SiC/Mo5SiB2 (T2) diffusion couple at 1700 °C","authors":"J.R. Becker , L. Liu , C. Zhang , M. Niezgoda , J.H. Perepezko","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the phase stability, a diffusion couple experiment of Mo<sub>5</sub>SiB<sub>2</sub> (T<sub>2</sub>) and SiC in contact was conducted at 1700 °C for 150 h. The post-anneal bonded interface was examined by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The results show no formation of other compounds and minimal interdiffusion between the two phases, indicating that T<sub>2</sub> and SiC are in thermodynamic equilibrium. A CALPHAD model phase diagram of T<sub>2</sub> in contact with SiC shows the predicted formation of MoB, Mo<sub>2</sub>BC, and Mo<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>C phases that were not seen. The discrepancy between the model prediction and the observed equilibria was due to the T<sub>2</sub> phase being treated as a line compound, when it really contains a homogeneity range. When accounting for the T<sub>2</sub> compositional variance, the model matched the experimental results. This was further confirmed by annealing a Mo-Si-B-C alloy at 1700 °C for 150 h, which showed a microstructure of T<sub>2</sub>, SiC, Mo<sub>5</sub>Si<sub>3</sub>C, and MoB phases that matched the predicted phase equilibria in the improved thermodynamic model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109053
Sibo Wang , Hongkui Zhang , Zhen Wen , Yue Li , Tong Zhang , Yingdong Qu , Guanglong Li
TiZrNbCrFe is mainly composed of C14 Laves phase and has good kinetic performance. However, due to the low content of BCC phase, the maximum hydrogen storage capacity of this alloy is relatively low. To address the issue of low maximum hydrogen storage capacity of alloys, in this paper, high-entropy alloys (TiNb)20+xZr20(FeCr)20-x (x = 0,5,10,15) were prepared by adjusting the ratio of type a elements (Ti, Nb) to type b elements (Cr, Fe). The results show that the proportion of BCC phase increases from 21.34 % to 92.52 % by adding Ti and Nb elements. The active hydrogen absorption and peak hydrogen storage capacity of the alloy are the best when the proportion of BCC phase is 86.92 %, that is, Ti30Nb30Zr20Fe10Cr10 alloy. The first activation hydrogen absorption capacity of this alloy is as high as 1.88 wt %, which is 1.29 wt % higher than that of TiZrNbCrFe alloy. When the hydrogen pressure is 3 MPa and the temperature is 100 °C, the saturated hydrogen absorption is 2.04 wt %, which is 0.9 wt % higher than that of TiZrNbCrFe alloy. With the increase of Ti and Nb content, the dehydrogenation temperature increases from 218 °C to 419 °C, the stability of the hydride increases, and the difficulty of dehydrogenation increases. This paper provides a design idea for the composition control of high-entropy hydrogen storage materials.
{"title":"Unraveling the mechanism underlying hydrogen storage improvement in TiZrNbCrFe high-entropy alloy via (Ti,Nb)/(Cr,Fe) stoichiometric ratio control","authors":"Sibo Wang , Hongkui Zhang , Zhen Wen , Yue Li , Tong Zhang , Yingdong Qu , Guanglong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>TiZrNbCrFe is mainly composed of C14 Laves phase and has good kinetic performance. However, due to the low content of BCC phase, the maximum hydrogen storage capacity of this alloy is relatively low. To address the issue of low maximum hydrogen storage capacity of alloys, in this paper, high-entropy alloys (TiNb)<sub>20+x</sub>Zr<sub>20</sub>(FeCr)<sub>20-x</sub> (x = 0,5,10,15) were prepared by adjusting the ratio of type a elements (Ti, Nb) to type b elements (Cr, Fe). The results show that the proportion of BCC phase increases from 21.34 % to 92.52 % by adding Ti and Nb elements. The active hydrogen absorption and peak hydrogen storage capacity of the alloy are the best when the proportion of BCC phase is 86.92 %, that is, Ti<sub>30</sub>Nb<sub>30</sub>Zr<sub>20</sub>Fe<sub>10</sub>Cr<sub>10</sub> alloy. The first activation hydrogen absorption capacity of this alloy is as high as 1.88 wt %, which is 1.29 wt % higher than that of TiZrNbCrFe alloy. When the hydrogen pressure is 3 MPa and the temperature is 100 °C, the saturated hydrogen absorption is 2.04 wt %, which is 0.9 wt % higher than that of TiZrNbCrFe alloy. With the increase of Ti and Nb content, the dehydrogenation temperature increases from 218 °C to 419 °C, the stability of the hydride increases, and the difficulty of dehydrogenation increases. This paper provides a design idea for the composition control of high-entropy hydrogen storage materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109053"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109099
Lansong Yang , Peixin Fu , Chen Yang, Shixin Tan, Shun-Xing Liang, Yuanzheng Yang
Metallic glasses (MGs) have attracted extensive attention in functional applications due to their long-range disordered atomic arrangement, making them as promising Fenton-like catalysts for wastewater treatment. However, due to the compositional limitations imposed by glass-forming ability, promoting catalytic degradation ability of MGs while retaining their disordered structure becomes challenging in alloy design. Inspired by the regulation function of electronic structure combined with atomic size-dependent structural disordering by nitrogen (N), herein, the microalloying of 0.2 at.% N in Fe78Si9B13 MG is reported to show a significantly improved catalytic efficiency and stability for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. Mechanistic investigations suggest that N microalloying effectively regulates the electron transfer efficiency and suppresses the surface coverage of oxides on Fe78Si9B13 MG, thereby exposing abundant active sites (Fe0) for degradation reaction. In addition, the refinement of post-reaction surface products contributes to a strong diffusion and capture of reactants (e.g. H2O2 and dye molecules), facilitating the H2O2 activation and radical generation for enhanced degradation stability. This study provides a new perspective for material design in MG catalysts.
{"title":"Enhanced Fenton-like catalytic performance of Fe-based metallic glass by nitrogen microalloying","authors":"Lansong Yang , Peixin Fu , Chen Yang, Shixin Tan, Shun-Xing Liang, Yuanzheng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metallic glasses (MGs) have attracted extensive attention in functional applications due to their long-range disordered atomic arrangement, making them as promising Fenton-like catalysts for wastewater treatment. However, due to the compositional limitations imposed by glass-forming ability, promoting catalytic degradation ability of MGs while retaining their disordered structure becomes challenging in alloy design. Inspired by the regulation function of electronic structure combined with atomic size-dependent structural disordering by nitrogen (N), herein, the microalloying of 0.2 at.% N in Fe<sub>78</sub>Si<sub>9</sub>B<sub>13</sub> MG is reported to show a significantly improved catalytic efficiency and stability for the degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. Mechanistic investigations suggest that N microalloying effectively regulates the electron transfer efficiency and suppresses the surface coverage of oxides on Fe<sub>78</sub>Si<sub>9</sub>B<sub>13</sub> MG, thereby exposing abundant active sites (Fe<sup>0</sup>) for degradation reaction. In addition, the refinement of post-reaction surface products contributes to a strong diffusion and capture of reactants (e.g. H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and dye molecules), facilitating the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> activation and radical generation for enhanced degradation stability. This study provides a new perspective for material design in MG catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 109099"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145594872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109091
Yinghui Dong , Zhaobing Cai , Juanjuan Hu , Bingxu Wang , Mengmeng Liu , Le Gu
In this study, an AlCoCrFeNb0.4Ni2.1 high-entropy alloy sample (HEAs) was developed to investigate the influence of Nb addition on the microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behavior of the AlCoCrFeNi2.1 HEAs. The as-cast AlCoCrFeNi2.1 HEAs exhibited a layered eutectic microstructure consisting of FCC and BCC phases. Upon the addition of 0.4 mol of Nb, grain refinement of both FCC and BCC phases was observed, along with an increase in the volume fraction of the BCC phase. Additionally, a (Fe, Cr, Co)2Nb-type Laves phase was formed, and FCC precipitates were detected within the BCC matrix. Isothermal oxidation tests conducted at 800 °C for durations ranging from 5 to 50 h demonstrated that the AlCoCrFeNb0.4Ni2.1 HEAs exhibited superior oxidation resistance compared to the AlCoCrFeNi2.1 HEAs. Specifically, the former showed a lower weight gain and a slower growth rate of the oxidation layer (4.81 μm after 50 h, compared to 6.48 μm for the latter). The primary oxidation products of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 HEAs were Al2O3, accompanied by minor amounts of Fe2O3 and Cr2O3. In contrast, the AlCoCrFeNb0.4Ni2.1 HEAs formed a dense composite oxide layer composed of Cr2O3-Nb2O5 due to the presence of Nb. This research provides a novel approach for the design of materials suitable for high-temperature industrial applications.
{"title":"The regulatory effect of Nb element on the oxidation performance and microstructure of AlCoCrFeNi2.1 high-entropy alloy","authors":"Yinghui Dong , Zhaobing Cai , Juanjuan Hu , Bingxu Wang , Mengmeng Liu , Le Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an AlCoCrFeNb<sub>0.4</sub>Ni<sub>2.1</sub> high-entropy alloy sample (HEAs) was developed to investigate the influence of Nb addition on the microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behavior of the AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub> HEAs. The as-cast AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub> HEAs exhibited a layered eutectic microstructure consisting of FCC and BCC phases. Upon the addition of 0.4 mol of Nb, grain refinement of both FCC and BCC phases was observed, along with an increase in the volume fraction of the BCC phase. Additionally, a (Fe, Cr, Co)<sub>2</sub>Nb-type Laves phase was formed, and FCC precipitates were detected within the BCC matrix. Isothermal oxidation tests conducted at 800 °C for durations ranging from 5 to 50 h demonstrated that the AlCoCrFeNb<sub>0.4</sub>Ni<sub>2.1</sub> HEAs exhibited superior oxidation resistance compared to the AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub> HEAs. Specifically, the former showed a lower weight gain and a slower growth rate of the oxidation layer (4.81 μm after 50 h, compared to 6.48 μm for the latter). The primary oxidation products of AlCoCrFeNi<sub>2.1</sub> HEAs were Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, accompanied by minor amounts of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. In contrast, the AlCoCrFeNb<sub>0.4</sub>Ni<sub>2.1</sub> HEAs formed a dense composite oxide layer composed of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> due to the presence of Nb. This research provides a novel approach for the design of materials suitable for high-temperature industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109091"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109017
Rasim Eriş , Ashok Meghwal , Richard F. Webster , Christopher C. Berndt , Andrew Siao Ming Ang , Paul Munroe
In the CoCrFeMnNi ‘Cantor’ high-entropy alloy (HEA), the substitution of Mn with the larger atomic radius element Ti, together with the rapid cooling rates achieved through gas atomization, results in intriguing phase transformations. This study presents a comprehensive microstructural analysis of gas atomized CoCrFeNiTi HEA powders, along with an evaluation of their nano-hardness properties. The predominantly spherical and homogeneous powders feature dendritic/interdendritic solidification, with Cr and Fe concentrating in the dendrites, while Ni and Ti segregate into the interdendrites. In contrast, Co shows more uniform distribution throughout the powders. Within the dendrites, two distinct phases—tetragonal σ and rhombohedral R—are identified, as their lattice structures undergo symmetry modifications due to elemental distributions and lattice distortions. In addition, the interdendritic region contains B2, B19' (or a variant), and R phases, displaying martensitic transformations. Exhibiting remarkable nano-hardness performance, this HEA feedstock holds significant potential for manufacturing technologies such as thermal spray.
在CoCrFeMnNi ‘ Cantor ’高熵合金（HEA）中，用更大原子半径的元素Ti取代Mn，再加上通过气体雾化实现的快速冷却速度，导致了有趣的相变。本研究对气雾化CoCrFeNiTi HEA粉末进行了全面的微观结构分析，并对其纳米硬度性能进行了评价。粉末以球状和均匀为主，具有枝晶/枝晶间凝固特征，Cr和Fe集中在枝晶中，而Ni和Ti偏析到枝晶间。相比之下，Co在粉末中的分布更为均匀。在枝晶内部，由于元素分布和晶格畸变导致晶格结构发生对称性改变，可以识别出两种不同的相——四方相σ和菱形相r。此外，枝晶间区含有B2、B19′（或其变体）和R相，表现为马氏体相变。这种HEA原料具有优异的纳米硬度性能，在热喷涂等制造技术中具有巨大的潜力。
{"title":"Unravelling phase evolutions in gas atomized CoCrFeNiTi high-entropy alloy powders","authors":"Rasim Eriş , Ashok Meghwal , Richard F. Webster , Christopher C. Berndt , Andrew Siao Ming Ang , Paul Munroe","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the CoCrFeMnNi ‘Cantor’ high-entropy alloy (HEA), the substitution of Mn with the larger atomic radius element Ti, together with the rapid cooling rates achieved through gas atomization, results in intriguing phase transformations. This study presents a comprehensive microstructural analysis of gas atomized CoCrFeNiTi HEA powders, along with an evaluation of their nano-hardness properties. The predominantly spherical and homogeneous powders feature dendritic/interdendritic solidification, with Cr and Fe concentrating in the dendrites, while Ni and Ti segregate into the interdendrites. In contrast, Co shows more uniform distribution throughout the powders. Within the dendrites, two distinct phases—tetragonal σ and rhombohedral R—are identified, as their lattice structures undergo symmetry modifications due to elemental distributions and lattice distortions. In addition, the interdendritic region contains B2, B19' (or a variant), and R phases, displaying martensitic transformations. Exhibiting remarkable nano-hardness performance, this HEA feedstock holds significant potential for manufacturing technologies such as thermal spray.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109017"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109089
Bingjie Liu , Hanfeng Sun , Shihai Guo , Zhenyu Hou , Xing Mu , Lihong Xu , Dongliang Zhao
The development of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for hydrogen storage is hopeful for addressing critical limitations of conventional metal hydrides, such as high activation barriers, limited capacity, and poor cycling stability. Here, we report the novel AB2-type (A = Ti, Zr; B = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) C14 Laves phase HEAs, namely TiZrCrFeCoNi, TiZrCrMnFeCo, and TiZrCrMnFeNi, integrating thermodynamic calculations, arc-melting synthesis, microstructural characterization, hydrogen storage testing, and first-principles calculations. It is shown TiZrCrFeCoNi has very low affinity for hydrogen, which is mainly attributed to the relatively small cell volume. TiZrCrMnFeCo is able to absorb and release 0.94 wt% hydrogen rapidly at room temperature after a 400 °C thermal activation. Replacing Co with Ni atoms has a significant effect of improving hydrogen storage capacity. Strikingly, TiZrCrMnFeNi alloy, with outstanding kinetic and excellent cycling performance, can reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen at room temperature with a capacity of 1.66 wt% without any activation treatment. Additionally, the ground-state structural and electronic properties of AB2-type HEAs were clarified by first-principles calculations.
{"title":"Structure and hydrogen storage properties of AB2-type (A = Ti, Zr; B = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) C14 Laves phase high-entropy alloys","authors":"Bingjie Liu , Hanfeng Sun , Shihai Guo , Zhenyu Hou , Xing Mu , Lihong Xu , Dongliang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for hydrogen storage is hopeful for addressing critical limitations of conventional metal hydrides, such as high activation barriers, limited capacity, and poor cycling stability. Here, we report the novel AB<sub>2</sub>-type (A = Ti, Zr; B = Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) C14 Laves phase HEAs, namely TiZrCrFeCoNi, TiZrCrMnFeCo, and TiZrCrMnFeNi, integrating thermodynamic calculations, arc-melting synthesis, microstructural characterization, hydrogen storage testing, and first-principles calculations. It is shown TiZrCrFeCoNi has very low affinity for hydrogen, which is mainly attributed to the relatively small cell volume. TiZrCrMnFeCo is able to absorb and release 0.94 wt% hydrogen rapidly at room temperature after a 400 °C thermal activation. Replacing Co with Ni atoms has a significant effect of improving hydrogen storage capacity. Strikingly, TiZrCrMnFeNi alloy, with outstanding kinetic and excellent cycling performance, can reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen at room temperature with a capacity of 1.66 wt% without any activation treatment. Additionally, the ground-state structural and electronic properties of AB<sub>2</sub>-type HEAs were clarified by first-principles calculations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109085
Rongqiang Yan , Peng Du , Rongtao Zhu , Haoyang Xuan , Runchi Li , Zhiheng Jiang , Zhongyuan Suo , Jindong Liu , Liang Zhang , Guoqiang Xie
Despite the promising potential of Ti-based metallic glass (MG) coatings as biomaterials, their clinical applications are severely limited due to the presence of toxic elements, such as Al, Ni, Be. In this context, the novel Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Sn MG coatings without toxic elements was first prepared on a 316L stainless steel (SS) substrate by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in this work. The resulting Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Sn MG coating exhibited a low dilution rate between coating and substrate, thereby alleviating issues related to decreased amorphous content and reduced interfacial strength caused by epitaxial growth of columnar crystals. With its high amorphous content and superior forming quality, the microhardness of coating reached 642.6 HV, significantly improved compared to 276.5 HV for the 316L SS substrate. Furthermore, exceptional corrosion resistance was demonstrated in Hanks' solution. The corrosion current density (Icorr) significantly decreased from 1.67 × 10−6 A/cm2 for 316L SS to 1.29 × 10−7 A/cm2 for Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Sn MG coating. Meanwhile, The MG coating can increase the corrosion potential of the substrate from −591V to −0.126V and the pitting potential from 0.086V to 0.566V at most. This novel high-performance MG coatings are expected to demonstrate tremendous application potential in the medical field.
{"title":"Novel Ti-based metallic glass coating free of toxic elements for bio-implant applications","authors":"Rongqiang Yan , Peng Du , Rongtao Zhu , Haoyang Xuan , Runchi Li , Zhiheng Jiang , Zhongyuan Suo , Jindong Liu , Liang Zhang , Guoqiang Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the promising potential of Ti-based metallic glass (MG) coatings as biomaterials, their clinical applications are severely limited due to the presence of toxic elements, such as Al, Ni, Be. In this context, the novel Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Sn MG coatings without toxic elements was first prepared on a 316L stainless steel (SS) substrate by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) in this work. The resulting Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Sn MG coating exhibited a low dilution rate between coating and substrate, thereby alleviating issues related to decreased amorphous content and reduced interfacial strength caused by epitaxial growth of columnar crystals. With its high amorphous content and superior forming quality, the microhardness of coating reached 642.6 HV, significantly improved compared to 276.5 HV for the 316L SS substrate. Furthermore, exceptional corrosion resistance was demonstrated in Hanks' solution. The corrosion current density (I<sub>corr</sub>) significantly decreased from 1.67 × 10<sup>−6</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup> for 316L SS to 1.29 × 10<sup>−7</sup> A/cm<sup>2</sup> for Ti-Zr-Cu-Pd-Sn MG coating. Meanwhile, The MG coating can increase the corrosion potential of the substrate from −591V to −0.126V and the pitting potential from 0.086V to 0.566V at most. This novel high-performance MG coatings are expected to demonstrate tremendous application potential in the medical field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109085"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109088
Zhao Peng , Jiang Yinfang , Kong Dejun
Cr3C2 with different mass fractions was added into FeCoCrMoSi amorphous coating to improve its hardness by laser cladding, and the effects of Cr3C2 mass fraction on the phase composition and microstructure of obtained coatings were investigated. The tribological performance of coatings was tested using a ball–on–disc wear tester, and the wear mechanism was also discussed in detail. The results show that the gray regions are significantly increased with the Cr3C2 mass fraction, and the FeCoCrMoSi–10 %Cr3C2 and FeCoCrMoSi–15 %Cr3C2 coatings exhibit finer cellular crystals in the overlapping region. The wear rates of FeCoCrMoSi–xCr3C2 coatings at 500 °C are higher than those at 25 °C, which is attributed to that the softening effect of coating is more susceptible to be scraped and plastically deformed at high temperature. The wear mechanism of FeCoCrMoSi–xCr3C2 coatings at 500 °C is abrasive wear and oxidative wear, and the tribological properties of coatings are deteriorated by the microcracks connected with each other as the Cr3C2 mass fraction increases, generating the large–scale spalling and delamination failure of wear track.
{"title":"Laser cladded Cr3C2 reinforced FeCoCrMoSi amorphous coatings on 45 steel: Phase composition, structural evolution and tribological performance","authors":"Zhao Peng , Jiang Yinfang , Kong Dejun","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> with different mass fractions was added into FeCoCrMoSi amorphous coating to improve its hardness by laser cladding, and the effects of Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> mass fraction on the phase composition and microstructure of obtained coatings were investigated. The tribological performance of coatings was tested using a ball–on–disc wear tester, and the wear mechanism was also discussed in detail. The results show that the gray regions are significantly increased with the Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> mass fraction, and the FeCoCrMoSi–10 %Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> and FeCoCrMoSi–15 %Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> coatings exhibit finer cellular crystals in the overlapping region. The wear rates of FeCoCrMoSi–xCr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> coatings at 500 °C are higher than those at 25 °C, which is attributed to that the softening effect of coating is more susceptible to be scraped and plastically deformed at high temperature. The wear mechanism of FeCoCrMoSi–xCr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> coatings at 500 °C is abrasive wear and oxidative wear, and the tribological properties of coatings are deteriorated by the microcracks connected with each other as the Cr<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub> mass fraction increases, generating the large–scale spalling and delamination failure of wear track.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109088"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109077
R.J. Contieri , E.S.N. Lopes , A. Cremasco , D. Choudhuri , R. Banerjee , R. Caram
Alloys in the Ti-Cu system with compositions close to the eutectoid exhibit potential for structural applications because they present interesting mechanical properties, low density, and high corrosion resistance. The mechanical behavior of these alloys depends directly on the processing conditions and heat treatments applied. Under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, the microstructure of these alloys is formed by the α-phase and the Ti2Cu intermetallic compound. Depending on the processing conditions imposed, metastable structures may be formed. This study aimed to evaluate the microstructure and mechanical properties of near-eutectoid Ti-Cu alloys after aging heat treatment. Initially, samples were solution heat-treated at 1000 °C and water quenched (∼150 °C/s). Some of the samples were aged at a non-isothermal condition with a heating rate of 10 °C/min up to 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C, followed by WQ. The heat-treatment results suggest that the highest value of mechanical strength corresponds to the loss of coherence between the Ti2Cu intermetallic compound precipitates and the matrix.
{"title":"Alpha phase decomposition and Ti2Cu precipitation in near-eutectoid Ti-Cu alloy: Effect on microstructure and mechanical properties","authors":"R.J. Contieri , E.S.N. Lopes , A. Cremasco , D. Choudhuri , R. Banerjee , R. Caram","doi":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.intermet.2025.109077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alloys in the Ti-Cu system with compositions close to the eutectoid exhibit potential for structural applications because they present interesting mechanical properties, low density, and high corrosion resistance. The mechanical behavior of these alloys depends directly on the processing conditions and heat treatments applied. Under thermodynamic equilibrium conditions, the microstructure of these alloys is formed by the α-phase and the Ti<sub>2</sub>Cu intermetallic compound. Depending on the processing conditions imposed, metastable structures may be formed. This study aimed to evaluate the microstructure and mechanical properties of near-eutectoid Ti-Cu alloys after aging heat treatment. Initially, samples were solution heat-treated at 1000 °C and water quenched (∼150 <sup>°</sup>C/s). Some of the samples were aged at a non-isothermal condition with a heating rate of 10 <sup>°</sup>C/min up to 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C, followed by WQ. The heat-treatment results suggest that the highest value of mechanical strength corresponds to the loss of coherence between the Ti<sub>2</sub>Cu intermetallic compound precipitates and the matrix.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":331,"journal":{"name":"Intermetallics","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 109077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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