International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献_第6页

Numerical investigation on flow and thermal characteristics in low-profile wide-spacing micro pin-fin channels of high-effectiveness PCHE 高效PCHE低轮廓宽间距微针翅通道流动与热特性数值研究

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110277

Zixin Zhang , Liang Chen , Sicheng Li , Hongyu Lv , Shuangtao Chen , Yu Hou

Printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs) with micro pin-fins offer a promising solution for recuperators in space Brayton cryocooler. However, multilayer PCHE structures impose unique mechanical stress and pressure drop constraints, requiring wide-spacing, low-profile pin-fin configurations that differ fundamentally from the narrow-spacing, high-profile geometries extensively studied for electronic cooling applications. Moreover, cryogenic working fluids exhibit different heat transfer and flow behavior compared to conventional fluids, requiring specific investigation. Therefore, this study develops multi-level numerical models to investigate heat transfer and flow characteristics in low-profile, wide-spacing micro pin-fin channels (H_f/d = 0.3–0.8, S/d = 2–5), focusing on cryogenic fluids (helium, neon, and nitrogen) operating at 20 K to 300 K. The sensitivity analysis systematically examines key geometric parameters, including longitudinal spacing (S_L/d = 2–5), transverse spacing (S_T/d = 2–5), and pin-fin height (H_f/d = 0.3–0.8) on both channel-level thermal-hydraulic characteristics and system-level PCHE performance. Field synergy theory and secondary flow intensity analysis are employed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Subsequently, new correlations for Nusselt number (Nu) and friction factor (f) are developed for micro pin-fins with cryogenic fluids. These correlations demonstrate good agreement with numerical data, achieving average relative deviations in Nu and f predictions of 8.0 % and 18.5 %, respectively. Validation against 80 K experimental PCHE data, the proposed correlations significantly improve prediction accuracy by 54.6-93.1 % for heat transfer effectiveness. The findings provide essential design guidelines for applications requiring low-profile, wide-spacing micro pin-fin configurations, including PCHEs, micro-reactors, and cryogenic thermal management systems.

带有微型针脚鳍的印刷电路热交换器（PCHEs）为空间布雷顿制冷机的回热器提供了一种很有前途的解决方案。然而，多层PCHE结构具有独特的机械应力和压降限制，需要宽间距、低轮廓的引脚鳍配置，这与电子冷却应用中广泛研究的窄间距、高轮廓几何结构有本质区别。此外，与常规流体相比，低温工质表现出不同的传热和流动行为，这需要专门的研究。因此，本研究以低温流体（氦、氖和氮）为研究对象，建立了多级数值模型，研究了低轮廓、宽间距微针鳍通道（Hf/d = 0.3-0.8, S/d = 2-5）的传热和流动特性。灵敏度分析系统地检查了通道级热压特性和系统级PCHE性能的关键几何参数，包括纵向间距（SL/d = 2-5）、横向间距（ST/d = 2-5）和pin-fin高度（Hf/d = 0.3-0.8）。利用场协同理论和二次流强度分析来阐明其机理。在此基础上，建立了低温流体微鳍的努塞尔数（Nu）与摩擦因数(f)的新关系式。这些相关性与数值数据很好地吻合，Nu和f预测的平均相对偏差分别为8.0%和18.5%。通过对80 K实验PCHE数据的验证，所提出的相关性显著提高了传热效率的预测精度54.6- 93.1%。该研究结果为需要低轮廓、宽间距微针鳍结构的应用提供了重要的设计指导，包括PCHEs、微反应器和低温热管理系统。

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引用次数: 0

Thermo-hydraulic performance and parametric optimization of a double-tube heat exchanger with grooved helical ribs using supercritical CO₂ 超临界co2开槽螺旋肋双管换热器热工性能及参数优化

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110229

Ziheng Li , Zuoqin Qian , Weilong Huang , Yicong Li , Qiang Wang , Xiaoxin Yang

This study numerically evaluates and optimizes the thermo-hydraulic behavior of a supercritical CO₂ double tube heat exchanger equipped with grooved helical ribs. A conjugate heat-transfer model with real-gas model and the SST k–ω turbulence model is employed to capture strong near-pseudo-critical variations. Parametric simulations examine the effects of rib height (L), helical pitch (P), and rib number (N) on flow structure, heat transfer coefficient (h), pressure drop (ΔP), and performance evaluation criterion (PEC). Grooved helical ribs generate persistent secondary and swirling motions that disrupt buoyancy-driven stratification, enhance radial mixing, and improve temperature uniformity. Increasing L and N strengthens turbulence and raises h, while decreasing P intensifies swirl; These gains are accompanied by moderate hydraulic penalties. Across all ribbed cases, PEC exceeds 1, indicating net thermo-hydraulic benefit over a smooth tube. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to build quadratic regressions for h, ΔP, and PEC from 21 CFD runs; Models show strong fidelity (R² > 0.86) and support multi-objective optimization targeting maximum PEC and h with minimum ΔP. The optimum occurs at L = 0.932 mm, P = 0.030 m, N = 7, yielding h = 2196.6 W/(m²·K), ΔP = 4655 Pa, and PEC = 1.474. The results demonstrate that grooved helical ribs can effectively mitigate buoyancy-induced deterioration while delivering compact, high-performance designs for recuperators and precoolers in SCO₂ energy systems. As the study is purely numerical, future efforts will include experimental validation.

本文对带槽螺旋肋的超临界co2双管换热器的热水力特性进行了数值计算和优化。采用实际气体模型和SST k -ω湍流模型的共轭传热模型来捕捉强近伪临界变化。参数化模拟检验了肋高(L)、螺旋节距(P)和肋数(N)对流动结构、传热系数(h)、压降（ΔP）和性能评价标准（PEC）的影响。槽状螺旋肋产生持续的二次和旋涡运动，破坏浮力驱动的分层，增强径向混合，改善温度均匀性。L和N的增大使湍流增强，h增大，P的减小使涡流增强；这些收益伴随着适度的水力损失。在所有的肋管情况下，PEC超过1，表明净热水力优于光滑管。响应面法（RSM）用于建立21次CFD运行的h、ΔP和PEC的二次回归；模型具有较强的保真度（R2 > 0.86），支持以最小ΔP为目标的最大PEC和h的多目标优化。最优发生在L = 0.932毫米,P = 0.030 m, N = 7,产生h = 2196.6 W / (m2·K),ΔP = 4655 Pa,派克= 1.474。结果表明，槽形螺旋肋可以有效减轻浮力引起的劣化，同时为SCO₂能源系统中的回热器和预冷器提供紧凑、高性能的设计。由于研究是纯数值的，未来的努力将包括实验验证。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanism of ring beam influence on spatter and surface collapse in full penetration laser welding of aluminum alloys 铝合金全熔透激光焊接环束对溅射和表面塌陷的影响机理

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110256

Kai Guo , Xinwei Du , Meng Wang , Jicheng Chen , Yanhong Wei

Adjustable-ring-mode laser welding (ARMLW) exhibits significant potential for enhancing the surface quality of aluminum alloy welds. However, its application in improving spatter and weld surface collapse during full penetration laser welding (FPLW) of medium-thick plates remains unclear. This study combined experimental and numerical simulation methods to first examine the quantitative impacts of the ring beam on the weld surface roughness and surface collapse height. Subsequently, a 3D transient CFD model was established to investigate the impact of the ring beam on the dynamic behavior of the keyhole and the flow characteristics of different regions and sections of the molten pool, thereby elucidating the mechanism by which the ring beam improves spatter and weld surface collapse. The results demonstrated that the ring beam can significantly enhance the surface roughness of the weld. The surface collapse height was reduced by 14.07 % with a ring power of 1500 W. Compared with a ring power of 0 W, the addition of the ring beam resulted in a stable, regular through-keyhole by enlarging the keyhole entrance and alleviating the oscillation of the keyhole. The more uniform energy distribution on the keyhole wall enabled the melt to exhibit multiple, regular flows over a long distance. The lower level and upward flow velocity at the top of the molten pool effectively mitigated the liquid column and spatter generated by the upward flow. Moreover, the lower downward flow velocity in the middle and bottom and the upward flow velocity dominated by the ring beam at the top of the molten pool effectively suppressed the fall of the melt. It diminished the weld surface's collapse height.

可调环模激光焊接（ARMLW）在提高铝合金焊缝表面质量方面表现出巨大的潜力。然而，它在改善中厚板全熔透激光焊接过程中的飞溅和焊缝表面塌陷方面的应用还不清楚。本研究采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法，首先考察了环梁对焊缝表面粗糙度和表面坍塌高度的定量影响。随后，建立了三维瞬态CFD模型，研究了环束对锁孔动态行为以及熔池不同区域和截面流动特性的影响，从而阐明了环束改善飞溅和焊缝表面坍塌的机理。结果表明，环形梁能显著提高焊缝表面粗糙度。当环功率为1500 W时，表面坍塌高度降低14.07%。与环功率为0 W的环光束相比，环光束的加入增大了锁孔的入口，减轻了锁孔的振荡，从而形成了一个稳定、规则的通孔。锁孔壁上更均匀的能量分布使熔体在长距离上表现出多次、规则的流动。熔池顶部较低的水平和向上的流动速度有效地减轻了向上流动产生的液柱和飞溅。中间和底部较低的向下流动速度和顶部环束主导的向上流动速度有效地抑制了熔体的下落。降低了焊缝表面的坍塌高度。

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引用次数: 0

Repeatability of heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux for flow boiling of water in copper microchannels part 2: Assessment of correlations 铜微通道中水流动沸腾的传热系数和临界热流密度的可重复性。第2部分：相关性的评估

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110138

Rishi L. Ramakrishnan, Sateesh Gedupudi, Sarit K. Das

Copper microchannels are susceptible to ageing due to repeated flow boiling cycles which affects their heat transfer performance. The two-phase heat transfer coefficient has been found to decrease and CHF has been found to either remain unchanged or increase due to ageing. Hence, considering the long-term operation of the copper microchannel heat sinks, there is a need for a thorough assessment of different correlations available in the literature to predict two-phase heat transfer coefficient and CHF taking into account the effect of ageing. The experimental database chosen for the present study comprises flow boiling data of water through single copper microchannels of hydraulic diameters 0.641 mm, 0.952 mm and 1.19 mm and heat fluxes ranging from 370 kW/m² to 3530 kW/m² and mass fluxes ranging from 200 kg/m²s to 1100 kg/m²s. This data consists of both fresh channel data and aged channel data. A total of sixteen correlations for two-phase heat transfer coefficient and twelve correlations for CHF have been assessed. The possible reasons for the performance of various correlations are discussed. The study also proposes new correlations to predict two-phase heat transfer coefficient and CHF for flow boiling of water in aged copper microchannels.

铜微通道易因反复流动沸腾循环而老化，影响其传热性能。由于老化，两相换热系数降低，CHF保持不变或增加。因此，考虑到铜微通道散热器的长期运行，有必要对文献中可用的不同相关性进行全面评估，以预测考虑老化影响的两相传热系数和CHF。本研究选择的实验数据库包括水通过水力直径为0.641 mm、0.952 mm和1.19 mm的单铜微通道的流动沸腾数据，热流通量为370 kW/m2 ~ 3530 kW/m2，质量通量为200 kg/m2s ~ 1100 kg/m2s。该数据由新通道数据和旧通道数据组成。对两相传热系数的16个相关系数和CHF的12个相关系数进行了评估。讨论了各种相关性表现的可能原因。研究还提出了预测时效铜微通道中水流动沸腾的两相传热系数和CHF的新关系式。

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引用次数: 0

Nano-mechanical wave propagation in single-layer graphene sheets resting on elastic foundations: A memory dependent and nonlocal strain gradient approach 纳米机械波在弹性基础上的单层石墨烯片中的传播：记忆依赖和非局部应变梯度方法

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110258

Rajendran Selvamani , Thangamuni Prabhakaran , Mawaheb Al-Dossari , N.S. Abd EL-Gawaad , M. Ijaz Khan , Nidhal Ben Khedher

This analysis examines the nano-mechanical wave propagation response of a single-layer graphene sheet under plane-dependent bending strain and high-intensity impact loading. The sheet rests on an elastic medium, represented using a two-parameter foundation model. A two-variable trigonometric refined plate theory establishes the kinematic relationships, while a nonlocal strain gradient (NSGT) framework accounts for size-dependent behaviors. Memory effects are incorporated through the Memory Dependent Derivative (MDD) formulation. The governing equations are derived using Hamilton's principle, incorporating bending, impact, and memory influences. The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved analytically, and the roles of various parameters, including impact intensity and memory effects, are demonstrated through graphical results.

该分析研究了单层石墨烯片在平面相关弯曲应变和高强度冲击载荷下的纳米机械波传播响应。薄片位于弹性介质上，用双参数基础模型表示。两变量三角精炼板理论建立了运动关系，而非局部应变梯度（NSGT）框架解释了尺寸相关行为。记忆效应是通过记忆相关导数（MDD）公式纳入的。控制方程是利用汉密尔顿原理推导出来的，考虑了弯曲、冲击和记忆的影响。所得到的特征值问题进行了解析求解，并通过图形结果展示了各种参数的作用，包括冲击强度和记忆效应。

引用次数: 0

Multi-field coupling fouling mechanism and optimization of heat exchangers in stenter exhaust systems 张拉机排气系统多场耦合结垢机理及换热器优化

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110252

Huiqing Lou , Xianzhong Cao

This study addresses the critical challenge of heat exchanger fouling in high-temperature exhaust gas waste heat recovery systems of stenter machines, where traditional models fail to capture the synergistic oil mist-dust co-deposition. A modified Kern-Seaton model was developed, incorporating an empirically calibrated oil mist-dust co-deposition coefficient (α = 1.2–2.1) and a chemical fouling term based on the Arrhenius equation, to accurately predict fouling behavior under multi-field coupling (flow-temperature-surface properties). Experimental and numerical results identified optimal operational thresholds: a flow velocity of 1.8 m/s, a temperature range of 180–210 °C, and a temperature difference below 40 °C, achieving a fouling rate < 0.025 mm/h and thermal efficiency >65 %. Collaborative structural optimization—integrating spiral-grooved tubes (De = 800), 45° guide vanes, and SiO₂/TiO₂ nano-coatings—improved fouling uniformity by 25 % and reduced adhesion energy by 60 %. Multi-objective optimization via the NSGA-II algorithm further reduced the fouling rate by 49 % and enhanced thermal efficiency to 72 %. Long-term tests over 1000 h validated a stable three-stage fouling process. The study provides a comprehensive framework and practical solutions for industrial heat exchanger design, demonstrating significant annual benefits of 1.8 × 10⁴ GJ in waste heat recovery and a 12,000-ton reduction in carbon emissions.

本研究解决了卷取机高温废气余热回收系统中换热器结垢的关键挑战，传统模型无法捕获协同油雾-粉尘共沉积。建立了改进的Kern-Seaton模型，结合经验校准的油雾-粉尘共沉积系数（α = 1.2-2.1）和基于Arrhenius方程的化学结垢项，准确预测了多场耦合（流动-温度-表面特性）下的结垢行为。实验和数值结果确定了最佳运行阈值：流速为1.8 m/s，温度范围为180-210°C，温差低于40°C，可实现结垢率0.025 mm/h和热效率65%。协同结构优化——集成螺旋槽管（De = 800）、45°导叶和二氧化硅/二氧化钛纳米涂层——将污垢均匀性提高了25%，并将附着能降低了60%。通过NSGA-II算法进行多目标优化，进一步降低了49%的结垢率，提高了72%的热效率。超过1000小时的长期试验验证了稳定的三级结垢过程。该研究为工业换热器设计提供了一个全面的框架和实用的解决方案，证明了每年1.8 × 104 GJ的废热回收效益和12000吨的碳排放减少。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical study on the thermal protection performance of different porous structures for flat plate shock wave/boundary layer interaction 平板激波/边界层相互作用下不同多孔结构热防护性能的数值研究

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110253

Yunan Wang, Zhenbing Luo, Lin Wang, Yan Zhou, Qiang Liu, Wei Xie, Mingjie Du

Addressing the extreme thermal protection challenges faced by aerospace vehicles in dynamical/thermal concentrated environments induced by shock wave/boundary layer interaction (SWBLI), this study systematically investigates the effects of discontinuous, gradient, and discontinuous-gradient composite porous structures on transpiration cooling efficiency through numerical simulations. It analyzes the relationship between coolant flow characteristics and thermal protection performance, and reveals the coupling mechanism between transpiration cooling and SWBLI flow fields under dynamical/thermal non-equilibrium conditions. The results show that although discontinuous porous structures can reduce the wall temperature gradient, their transpiration protection advantages are significantly weakened in strong SWBLI environments, failing to meet thermal protection requirements. Gradient porosity structures significantly reduce the range of high-temperature regions, with the average wall temperature and peak temperature decreasing by 21.1 % and 16.5 % respectively. These structures actively regulate the propagation path and intensity of shock waves, optimize the internal flow field and coolant distribution, and achieve efficient coolant transport and a significant reduction in thermal load. However, the discontinuous-gradient composite design fails to achieve the expected advantages, with thermal protection performance significantly deteriorating compared to single structures. Parameter studies on gradient porosity structures reveal that the length of the upstream high-porosity region (L_P1) mainly affects the coolant discharge and distribution characteristics in the upstream region, while the porosity of the downstream low-porosity region (ε_P3) regulates the flow characteristics of the coolant by changing the downstream seepage resistance. This study provides a theoretical basis for the structural design of thermal protection systems for aerospace vehicles and is of great significance for improving the thermal protection capability of vehicles in extreme thermal environments.

针对航空航天飞行器在激波/边界层相互作用（SWBLI）引起的动力/热集中环境中面临的极端热防护挑战，本研究通过数值模拟系统地研究了不连续、梯度和不连续梯度复合多孔结构对蒸散冷却效率的影响。分析了冷却剂流动特性与热防护性能之间的关系，揭示了动力/热非平衡条件下蒸发量冷却与SWBLI流场之间的耦合机理。结果表明，在强SWBLI环境下，不连续多孔结构虽然可以降低壁面温度梯度，但其蒸腾防护优势明显减弱，不能满足热防护要求。梯度孔隙结构显著减小了高温区域范围，平均壁温和峰温分别降低了21.1%和16.5%。这些结构主动调节了激波的传播路径和强度，优化了内部流场和冷却剂分布，实现了冷却剂的高效输送和热负荷的显著降低。然而，非连续梯度复合材料设计并没有达到预期的优势，与单一结构相比，热防护性能明显下降。梯度孔隙结构参数研究表明，上游高孔隙区长度（LP1）主要影响上游区域的冷却剂流量和分布特性，而下游低孔隙区孔隙度（εP3）通过改变下游渗流阻力调节冷却剂流动特性。本研究为航天飞行器热防护系统的结构设计提供了理论依据，对提高飞行器在极端热环境下的热防护能力具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Rock breaking induced by laser irradiation under confining pressure 围压下激光照射致岩石破碎

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110190

Haizeng Pan , Yi Hu , Yiwei Liu , Dezheng Li , Yintong Guo , Yong Kang

Boasting high energy density and precise directivity, laser technology enables accurate control over rock breaking, offering a novel solution for rock fragmentation in the oil and gas sector. This research investigates the degree of damage to the macroscopic surface morphology of rocks following laser irradiation under various confining pressures, as well as its impact on rock-breaking efficiency. Subsequently, the micro-mechanical properties, micro-morphology, and chemical changes of the rock are analyzed using a nano-indenter, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Under identical laser conditions, the rate of penetration (ROP) drops significantly within the 10–15 MPa confining pressure range, whereas the specific energy (SE) rises accordingly. The average elastic modulus of the shale area subjected to laser irradiation stands at 27.32 GPa, representing a 29.89 % reduction, while the average hardness measures 5.21 GPa, with a 4.41 % decrease. After laser irradiation, the pore diameters in the ranges of 0.025–0.1 μm and 0.1–0.16 μm increase, with a combined increase of 15.85 % in these intervals. Laser irradiation leads to the decomposition of carbonate minerals, releasing CO₂ and reducing the content of carbon and oxygen elements. The thermogravimetric curve of shale is divided into five stages: the dehydration stage (65–190 °C), the advanced dehydration stage of hydroxyl groups in clay minerals (190–450 °C), the decomposition stage of carbonate minerals such as siderite and dolomite (450–660 °C), the decomposition stage of silicate minerals (660–810 °C), and the decomposition stage of carbonate minerals such as calcite (810–950 °C).

激光技术具有高能量密度和精确的方向性，可以精确控制岩石破碎，为石油和天然气行业的岩石破碎提供了一种新的解决方案。研究了不同围压下激光照射对岩石宏观表面形貌的破坏程度及其对破岩效率的影响。随后，利用纳米压头、核磁共振（NMR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和热重分析仪（TGA）分析了岩石的微观力学特性、微观形貌和化学变化。在相同的激光条件下，在10 ~ 15 MPa围压范围内，钻速（ROP）显著下降，而比能（SE）相应上升。激光辐照后页岩区的平均弹性模量为27.32 GPa，降低了29.89%；平均硬度为5.21 GPa，降低了4.41%。激光照射后，0.025 ~ 0.1 μm和0.1 ~ 0.16 μm范围内的孔径增大，在这两个区间内的孔径综合增大15.85%。激光照射导致碳酸盐矿物分解，释放CO2，降低碳、氧元素含量。页岩热重曲线分为5个阶段：脱水阶段（65 ~ 190℃）、粘土矿物羟基的高级脱水阶段（190 ~ 450℃）、碳酸盐矿物如橄榄石、白云石的分解阶段（450 ~ 660℃）、硅酸盐矿物分解阶段（660 ~ 810℃）、碳酸盐矿物如方解石的分解阶段（810 ~ 950℃）。

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引用次数: 0

Two-phase cooling behaviors of Tesla-type microchannel using multi-physics field coupling 多物理场耦合下特斯拉型微通道的两相冷却行为

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110227

Ruixue Yang , Deming Li , Zilong Deng , Chengbin Zhang , Yongping Chen

Microchannel two-phase cooling technology is a key solution for managing the thermal challenges of high-heat-flux electronic devices, with complex multi-physics field coupling effects being critical factors that influence its performance and reliability. By establishing a heat transfer model between microchannels and chips that accounts for multi-physics field coupling, this paper investigates the fluid flow and heat transfer behavior of Tesla-type microchannels and their influence on the thermal, mechanical, and electrical aspects of chips. This study focuses on advanced Tesla-type microchannel two phase boiling cooling behaviors and compares with corresponding conventional parallel microchannels. Results indicate that forward flow in Tesla-type microchannels enhances boiling heat transfer by strengthening flow stability and gas-liquid separation through the synergistic interaction between the main and secondary channels, while significantly suppressing flow reversal. Compared to parallel microchannels, the Tesla-type microchannels exhibits superior heat transfer performance, with improved temperature uniformity and a reduction of 45.1 % in chip displacement under mass flow rate of 115 kg/(m²·s). Increasing the mass flow rate improves boiling heat transfer and mitigates the thermal-stress-electric coupling effects on chips. Additionally, a key parameter regulation mechanism is also proposed to optimize flow rate and coolant temperature for balancing thermal control and energy efficiency in high-heat-flux applications.

微通道两相冷却技术是解决高热流密度电子器件热挑战的关键解决方案，复杂的多物理场耦合效应是影响其性能和可靠性的关键因素。本文通过建立考虑多物理场耦合的微通道与芯片之间的传热模型，研究了特斯拉型微通道的流体流动和传热行为及其对芯片热、力学和电学方面的影响。研究了新型特斯拉型微通道的两相沸腾冷却行为，并与相应的传统并行微通道进行了比较。结果表明，特斯拉型微通道内的正向流动通过主、次通道间的协同作用增强流动稳定性和气液分离，从而增强沸腾换热，同时显著抑制流动反转。与平行微通道相比，在质量流量为115 kg/（m2·s）时，特斯拉型微通道具有更好的传热性能，温度均匀性得到改善，芯片位移减小45.1%。提高质量流量可以改善沸点传热，减轻芯片的热-应力-电耦合效应。此外，还提出了一种优化流量和冷却液温度的关键参数调节机制，以平衡高热流密度应用中的热控制和能源效率。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication and capillary performance of microgroove wick structures for ceramic vapor chambers 陶瓷蒸汽室微槽芯结构的制备及其毛细管性能

IF 6.4 2区工程技术 Q1 MECHANICS

International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2025.110264

Chao Yan , Fang Lu , Gong Chen , Honglin Qiu , Heng Tang , Yong Tang

To address the issue of mismatched thermal expansion coefficients between traditional metal vapor chambers and semiconductor materials, this study proposes a design and fabrication method for microgroove wick structures on ceramic vapor chambers. Microgroove wick structures with angles of 60° and depths of 200, 300, 400, and 500 μm were fabricated on aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramic substrates using layer-by-layer laser processing. The capillary performance of these microgroove wick structures was studied using an infrared capillary rise testing device, focusing on how structural parameters and surface morphology affect capillary performance. The results were also compared with those of traditional grinding-processed groove wick structures. The findings indicate that the capillary performance of microgroove wick structures decreases with increasing groove depth, and that micro/nano surface morphology significantly influence capillary rise height. The laser-processed microgroove wick surfaces exhibit alumina melt residues, achieving a maximum capillary rise height of 36.9 mm at a groove angle of 60° and a depth of 200 μm. Under identical groove parameters, the capillary rise heights of grinding microgrooves and acid-washed laser-processed grooves decreased by 23.3 % and 26.3 %, respectively.

为了解决传统金属气相室与半导体材料热膨胀系数不匹配的问题，本研究提出了一种陶瓷气相室微槽芯结构的设计与制造方法。采用逐层激光加工技术，在氮化铝（AlN）陶瓷基底上制备了角度为60°、深度为200、300、400和500 μm的微槽芯结构。利用红外毛细管上升测试装置研究了这些微槽芯结构的毛细管性能，重点研究了结构参数和表面形貌对毛细管性能的影响。并与传统的磨削加工槽芯结构进行了比较。结果表明：微槽芯结构的毛细性能随槽深的增加而降低，微纳表面形貌对毛细上升高度有显著影响；激光加工的微槽芯表面存在氧化铝熔体残留物，在凹槽角为60°，深度为200 μm时，毛细上升高度最大为36.9 mm。在相同的槽形参数下，磨削微槽和酸洗激光加工槽的毛细上升高度分别下降了23.3%和26.3%。

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引用次数: 0