International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of supercritical CO2 heat transfer in U-shaped geothermal well: Operational modes and parameter sensitivity analysis","authors":"Zhichao Chen ,&nbsp;Miao He ,&nbsp;Qingrui Yuan ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Sun ,&nbsp;Jingwen Peng ,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Closed-Loop Geothermal System (CLGS) is a promising approach for efficient geothermal energy utilization. This study develops a numerical model to simulate supercritical CO₂ (SCO₂) heat extraction in a U-shaped well. The governing equations are solved using the finite difference method, and the model is validated with field data. The effects of working fluid (SCO₂ and water), injection temperature, flow rate, pressure, horizontal well length, and insulation layer length on thermal performance are systematically analyzed. Moreover, four heat extraction cases, including continuous heating and intermittent heating, are compared. When the temperature difference between injection and production wells reaches 160 °C, a density difference of 500 kg/m³ induces a thermal siphon effect, reducing pumping power and enhancing heat extraction efficiency. At 20 MPa and 90 °C, the density-to-viscosity ratio of SCO₂ is 13.1—about 4.4 times that of water—indicating superior flowability. Under equal pressure difference, SCO₂ increases outlet temperature and thermal power by 19.8% and 28.8%, respectively. Compared with continuous operation, intermittent operation exhibits better heat transfer and thermal sustainability. While increasing the flow rate enhances thermal power, it lowers the outlet temperature. There is an optimal injection pressure (16 MPa) in the heat extraction system, at which both the outlet temperature and the heat extraction power reach their maximum values. The Plackett–Burman(P<img>B) experimental design method is used to quantify the relative influence of these parameters. These findings provide theoretical support for optimizing SCO₂-based closed-loop geothermal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 110984"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on dynamic evaporation characteristics of free-falling liquefied natural gas droplet: Effects of methane vapor concentration, temperature and initial diameter","authors":"Jun Jin ,&nbsp;Kang Cen ,&nbsp;Mengxin Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Wei ,&nbsp;Jiayao Du ,&nbsp;Jian Zhou ,&nbsp;Siying Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many individual liquid droplets are generated in the jet fragmentation following a Liquefied natural gas (LNG) accidental leakage, and the droplets are dynamically evaporated. This work investigates the effects of ambient temperature, methane vapor concentration, and initial droplet diameter on the evaporation of a single free-falling LNG droplet. A droplet evaporation experimental apparatus with an adjustable gas concentration in a low-temperature environment has been designed. The ambient temperature, methane vapor concentration, and initial droplet diameter in the experiments varied from −60 °C to 20 °C, 0 vol% to 100 vol%, and 0.69 mm to 3.3 mm, respectively. The results show that the two-dimensional morphology of droplets undergoes the dynamic process of oblate-sphere-prolate oscillations. High temperatures, high methane concentration and larger droplets have larger Galilei and Eötvös values. The frequency of transient oscillations in roundness is positively correlated with temperature changes and negatively correlated with methane vapor concentration and initial diameter. The droplet equivalent diameter at the corresponding peaks was analyzed by fitting the roundness with the singular spectrum analysis algorithm. Seven typical gas-phase models were evaluated, showing that all models underestimated the decay rate of LNG droplet diameter. Based on 125 sets of LNG droplet experimental data, a multi-factor coupled LNG vapor phase model was established, with <em>R</em>² &gt; 0.77. This provides a theoretical basis for studying the dynamic evaporation characteristics of droplets within the near-field diffusion zone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 110989"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal impact of elevated crude oil temperature on long-term stability of buried pipeline foundation soils in Northeast China","authors":"Zirui Liu ,&nbsp;Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Jin ,&nbsp;Ziying Yue ,&nbsp;Haibin Wu ,&nbsp;Huijun Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rising crude-oil flow temperatures have been observed at pump stations along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipelines (CRCOPs) I and II, which traverse discontinuous, sporadic, and patchy permafrost zones and have been in operation since 2011 and 2018, respectively. However, the long-term thermal impacts of elevated oil temperatures for the stability of foundation soils around buried pipelines remain poorly constrained.</div><div>A two-dimensional conductive heat transfer model incorporating ice–water phase change was developed to quantify vertical and lateral heat fluxes and permafrost degradation beneath buried pipelines under high (observed) and low (designed) oil-flow temperatures in a warming climate. The mitigation performance of insulation layers with thicknesses of 0, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, and 15 cm is further evaluated.</div><div>Results indicate that elevated oil temperature substantially intensifies heat transfer into the surrounding ground, causing the design-temperature condition to markedly underestimate long-term soil warming. The maximum difference in mean annual heat flux between high- and low-temperature scenarios reached 7.01 W⋅m⁻², approximately 3.6 times higher than under designed temperatures. At 6 m depth, the ground warming rate reached 1.84 °C per decade under the high-temperature scenario, compared with 0.58 °C per decade under the low-temperature scenario. Insulation layers of 10 and 15 cm reduce heat loss by 76.8 and 85.2%, respectively.</div><div>These findings quantify the long-term thermal impacts of oil temperature on buried pipelines in permafrost regions and provide a basis for optimizing thermal design and maintenance strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 110981"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boundaries matter: Impact of sidewall conductance on porous-media thermal convection","authors":"Parvez Alam,&nbsp;Umesh Madanan","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110773","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Thermal convection in a fluid-saturated horizontal porous medium is a ubiquitous problem in many real-world applications. To investigate this phenomenon in a laboratory setting, the porous medium must be bounded between bottom-hot and top-cold horizontal plates and laterally confined by low-conductivity sidewalls. Thermal coupling of sidewalls with hot and cold plates can create an additional heat transfer path, causing heat leakage from hot to cold plates. Previous studies have estimated this leakage using 1-D conduction model based on a Linear Temperature Profile (LTP) assumption, which completely overlooks convection in the porous layer. However, this assumption is yet to investigated which may lead to inaccurate estimation of experimental porous-media Nusselt numbers &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;pm&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. To address this issue, the present study evaluates the applicability of an LTP assumption and quantifies the influence of sidewall thermal conductivity on convection. This investigation is conducted using three-dimensional, pore-scale numerical simulations, wherein three sidewall materials of identical thicknesses are studied. These sidewalls are examined for two Darcy numbers &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and four distinct porous media, with argon gas as a working fluid, over Rayleigh–Darcy numbers &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ranging from &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;036&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Results reveal that increasing sidewall conductivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;w&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;–1.2 W/m&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;⋅&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; K) reduces &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;pm&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; values by 60% at &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;207&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. This influence weakens with decreasing &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and increasing &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and porous-media thermal conductivity &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;pm&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Moreover, the LTP assumption is found to be valid only for low &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;D&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;a&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, low &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;w&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and high &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;k&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;pm&lt;","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110773"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive 4E analysis of cost-effective, integrated hemispherical solar stills with nano-coated stainless-steel spherical-coils enhanced with magnetic round fins","authors":"K. Harby ,&nbsp;Moustafa M. Aboelmaaref ,&nbsp;Hassan M. Hussein Farh ,&nbsp;Saad Mekhilef ,&nbsp;Abdullrahman A. Al-Shamma'a","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freshwater access in remote areas and off-grid sites is a significant global concern. Solar distillation is a hopeful renewable solution, but traditional solar stills have drawbacks in terms of low productivity and narrow energy use. This work presents a novel hemispherical solar distiller combined with magnetically enhanced, nanoparticle-coated stainless-steel spherical scrubber coils (SSC), establishing a synergistic design aimed at maximizing water production and sustainability. A thorough 4E analysis-covering energy, exergy, economic, and environmental dimensions- is presented for quantitative evaluation of the system performance under real realistic climatic conditions. Three identical hemispherical distillers were fabricated and tested side by side under identical weather conditions, along with a standard still (THSS) for comparison. The proposed designs consisted of the following: using eight equidistant spherical stainless-steel scrubber coils (MHS-SSC), embedding alnico magnetic round fins inside each spherical coil (MHS-SSC/MF), and coating black Ag-nanoparticles on the coils wrapped around the magnets (MHS-SSC-CN/MF), and their performance was compared directly to that of THSS unit. Results showed that the combined design MHS-SSC-CN/RMF had the highest productivity of 5901 mL/m²·day and secured a thermal efficiency of 54.60%, reflecting productivity and efficiency gains of 60.30 and 48.40%, respectively. Using the proposed configurations, it was shown that the cost of yield per liter of freshwater decreased from 0.022 to 0.015 $/L, reducing the payback period from 4.40 to 2.81 years, and up to 1.305 kg/yr annual CO₂ emission mitigation, with superior environmental sustainability indicators. These results confirm the technical feasibility and economic viability of the proposed designs and underline its potential environmental benefits, offering a scalable solution for sustainable distillation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110770"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance optimization of metal hydride reactors through radial thermal resistance regulation with graded-porosity metal foam","authors":"Yang Ye ,&nbsp;Yanwu Ma ,&nbsp;Weilong Wang ,&nbsp;Jingjing Liu ,&nbsp;Kai Yan ,&nbsp;Honghui Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>LaNi5, an AB5-type intermetallic compound based on rare-earth elements, is a highly promising hydrogen storage material owing to its superior volumetric hydrogen density, straightforward activation process, and ability to absorb hydrogen at ambient temperature. However, practical applications of modified alloy materials face challenges from hindered heat and mass transfer within reactors, compromising storage capacity and kinetics. This paper proposes a reactor design featuring a graded-porosity metal foam composite reaction bed, where beds of varying porosities are stacked to achieve radial gradient heat transfer and enhance thermal performance. Results demonstrate that during 90% of the absorption process, the hydrogen absorption rate within the graded-porosity bed increased by 3.18 times compared to a conventional bed without metal foam and by 20% compared to a single-porosity metal foam bed. To further optimize reactor performance, six-layer gradient pore configurations were studied. The configuration with porosity descending radially outward and radially uniform layer thickness demonstrated superior heat transfer and reaction performance. Additionally, the selection range for foam materials was explored. Findings demonstrate that an elevated metal foam conductivity (e.g., copper foam) improves the bed's heat transfer capacity, yet compromises the enhancement derived from the graded-porosity structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110790"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupled effects of cracks and interfacial thermal resistance on heat conduction in flip-chip packages","authors":"Tao Wu ,&nbsp;Kexing Long ,&nbsp;Tao Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal management in flip-chip packaging architectures constitutes a fundamental reliability concern in advanced microelectronic systems, where elevated junction temperatures precipitate accelerated degradation mechanisms and catastrophic device failure. This study presents a comprehensive thermal characterization of structurally compromised flip-chip assemblies through the implementation of a coupled peridynamic-differential algebraic equation (PD-DAE) computational framework. The employed formulation facilitates high-fidelity resolution of multiscale thermal transport phenomena, encompassing both transient non-equilibrium dynamics and steady-state heat dissipation, while rigorously accounting for interfacial thermal boundary resistance and crack-induced thermal discontinuities. The results show that the interfacial thermal resistance (ITR) adjacent to the chip dominates the junction temperature: increasing <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>(chip-lid interface resistance) from 0 to 2 mm<span><math><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mi>⋅</mi></mrow></math></span>K<span><math><mi>⋅</mi></math></span>W⁻¹ raises the maximum chip temperature from 73.8 °C to 83.3 °C, while variations in <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>(lid-heat sink interface resistance) have limited influence. The transient analysis reveals distinct non-Fourier thermal wave propagation and interface-induced reflection and transmission, with the chip temperature rising from 28.8 °C to 72.4 °C within 0.3 s before stabilizing at 77.2 °C. Crack defects are shown to hinder vertical heat flow and cause localized overheating, increasing the junction temperature by up to 5.2 °C, while internal cracks within the silicon induce an additional 6 °C rise compared with interfacial cracks. Moreover, an optimal thermal interface material (TIM) thickness of 0.15-0.20 mm achieves the lowest junction temperature, reducing it from 83.8 °C to 68.3 °C through improved interfacial conformity. Overall, the study highlights that interfacial characteristics, crack defects, and TIM configuration jointly dictate the thermal reliability of flip-chip assemblies. The proposed peridynamic–non-Fourier framework provides a robust tool for analyzing damage-induced thermal degradation and guiding the design of next-generation microelectronic packaging with enhanced heat dissipation and reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110674"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of ambient pressure and inclination angle on flame spread behaviors over polyester GFRP surface: Heat and mass transfer analysis","authors":"Wei Nan ,&nbsp;Wenhui Ji ,&nbsp;Yanping Yuan ,&nbsp;Jidan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP), a thermosetting plastic composed of glass fibers and polyester resin, is widely used in high-altitude regions. To elucidate the flame spread characteristics under low-pressure conditions, this study investigates the heat and mass transfer mechanisms during flame spread over the surface of polyester GFRP at various ambient pressures (60, 70, 80, and 90 kPa) and inclination angles (10°, 20°, and 30°) are analyzed. The results reveal that the pyrolysis front consistently exhibits an inverted ‘V’ shape, with its opening angle decreasing linearly as both pressure and inclination angle increase. Flame propagation across the material surface shows an accelerating trend, which becomes increasingly pronounced with higher inclination angles. Furthermore, the formation of a wall-like flame structure is supported by the exponential correlation between average flame length and heat release rate (<em>L</em>_f ∼ <span><math><mover><mi>Q</mi><mo>̇</mo></mover></math></span>^0.44). A dimensionless theoretical model for flame length, incorporating the effects of pressure and inclination angle, is also proposed. Additionally, convective and radiative heat fluxes are quantitatively analyzed with respect to variations in ambient pressure and inclination angle, elucidating the governing heat transfer mechanisms during flame spread.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110737"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-osmosis and enhanced ion rejection rate in Janus nanochannels under the external electric field","authors":"Zirui Li,&nbsp;Kai Qi,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Guodong Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transport behavior of water molecules in a nanochannel plays an important role in the membrane distillation technology. In practical applications, a hydrophobic membrane associated with a high osmotic pressure is usually employed, which prevents the water molecules from entering into the hydrophobic nanochannel, and leads to a low evaporation rate and high energy consumption. In this paper, a Janus nanochannel model is proposed by applying an external electric field to part of the nanochannel. It is found that the electro-wetting of Janus nanochannels is helpful for the desalination process. The water molecules can easily enter into the nanochannel, which enhances the water evaporation and the thermal osmotic transport process of water molecules in the nanochannels. The freshwater production rate of the system could be significantly increased with a rate of ion rejection higher than 90 %. The study of the desalination process in the nanochannel under the external electric field provides a theoretical basis for regulating water transport in the nanochannel under the electric field to promote seawater desalination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110792"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-assisted PDFP-based PINNs for heat regulation of nanofluid in industrial cooling enclosures around circular barriers","authors":"Muhammad Israr ,&nbsp;Assad Ayub ,&nbsp;Ahmad Alkhalaf ,&nbsp;Bagh Ali ,&nbsp;Nehad Ali Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2026.110717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Significance:</h3><div>This study explores the vital aspects of applied side of heat transfer in different areas like in heat exchangers, electronic device cooling, and energy storage units. This article is significant because it investigates the flow around circular obstacles and makes vital contribution for modern industrial systems.</div></div><div><h3>Cause of the article:</h3><div>This article implements the Physics Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) on established study related to heat transfer enhancement in diamond based nanofluid inside a square cavity having a fixed circular obstacle. The inclusion of circular obstacle induces localized temperature gradient sand recirculating vortices. Basically, this article tells how geometric barriers influence convective heat transfer. Furthermore, it computes the involved mathematical model using data-efficient PINNs optimization</div></div><div><h3>Scheme:</h3><div>The mathematical model based on square cavities configuration around circular obstacle is formulated and system of Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). After making them dimensionless, the PINNs framework has been utilized to get the predicted results. Preconditioned Davidon–Fletcher–Powell (PDFP) optimizer is employed to enhance convergence rate, prediction accuracy and training stability of the PINN framework.</div></div><div><h3>Key outcomes:</h3><div>Conclusion of this attempt shows that the configuration and data used to train the PINN model found well and discretization of this model separates boundary points from interior points. The velocity components maintain near-zero values at all walls, and this confirms the precise accurate suppression of artificial penetration velocities. Thermal surfaces exhibit well-defined gradients that compress toward the hot wall as Pr increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":332,"journal":{"name":"International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 110717"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146162115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}