Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-3
O. Kliuiev, V. Makarenko, Y. Mieshkov, O. Voitovych
The work presents the results of experimental systematic studies of "wheel-brake pad" friction pairs wear resistance and the effect of the wear-resistant coating on the wear, in particular, from metal-ceramic friction materials (ФМК-8), carbon composite materials (ВВКМ) in comparison with carbon steel of grade 45. It was established that the instantaneous values of brake pads friction coefficients during the tests on inertial stand are random in nature and require the use of mathematical statistics methods for their analysis. Change nature in pads and wheels friction force instantaneous values is determined by pressing forces. It is shown that the mathematical expectation of the friction coefficients values is within the normalized permissible interval. The probability of friction coefficients instantaneous values matching into the normalized interval at a pressing force of 10kN is 0,6-0,8 for speeds up to 60 km/h, for the rest is more than 0,8 at pressing force of 20kN, the specified probability exceeds 0,85 for the entire range of speeds. With a pressing force of 20kN, the probability of values exceeding the normalized interval does not exceed 0,15, with a pressing force of 10kN, the friction coefficients exceeded the maximum normative values more than 0,35 for speeds up to 40 km/h. It has been established that the most wear-resistant pads are coated with metal-ceramic material (ФМК-8) and carbon-carbon composite materials (ВВКМ). It is shown that the described technique based on the mathematical statistic application allows to perform more in-depth analysis of freight wheeled road trains brake pads frictional properties.
{"title":"Experimental studies of truck transport brake pads materials friction properties","authors":"O. Kliuiev, V. Makarenko, Y. Mieshkov, O. Voitovych","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-3","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents the results of experimental systematic studies of \"wheel-brake pad\" friction pairs wear resistance and the effect of the wear-resistant coating on the wear, in particular, from metal-ceramic friction materials (ФМК-8), carbon composite materials (ВВКМ) in comparison with carbon steel of grade 45. It was established that the instantaneous values of brake pads friction coefficients during the tests on inertial stand are random in nature and require the use of mathematical statistics methods for their analysis. Change nature in pads and wheels friction force instantaneous values is determined by pressing forces. It is shown that the mathematical expectation of the friction coefficients values is within the normalized permissible interval. The probability of friction coefficients instantaneous values matching into the normalized interval at a pressing force of 10kN is 0,6-0,8 for speeds up to 60 km/h, for the rest is more than 0,8 at pressing force of 20kN, the specified probability exceeds 0,85 for the entire range of speeds. With a pressing force of 20kN, the probability of values exceeding the normalized interval does not exceed 0,15, with a pressing force of 10kN, the friction coefficients exceeded the maximum normative values more than 0,35 for speeds up to 40 km/h. It has been established that the most wear-resistant pads are coated with metal-ceramic material (ФМК-8) and carbon-carbon composite materials (ВВКМ). It is shown that the described technique based on the mathematical statistic application allows to perform more in-depth analysis of freight wheeled road trains brake pads frictional properties.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46587117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-6
Olga Petrychenko, Ievgenii Petrichenko, Igor B urmaka, Alla Vynohradova
Education is a process of interaction and communication among all participants, in which each of them has an impact on the outcome. Today, in the conditions of the modern world, cooperation between the teacher and the student acquires new forms and characteristics. The teacher is no longer just a source of knowledge but becomes a partner and helper for the student. The quality of communication between the student and the teacher depends on their readiness for dialogue and mutual understanding, absence of coercion and orders. A comprehensive approach to education and communication allows for a deep understanding of the processes and their improvement. Higher education institutions need to pay special attention to issues of strategic communication development, branding, and image. Clear and well-planned communication systems should be implemented at the level of structural units in order to achieve success. Providing adequate material and technical resources as well as information and communication technologies is crucial for effective use of various teaching methods and forms. However, communication between a teacher and a student should not only be about academic topics, but also about support, motivation, and personal development.
{"title":"Changes in modern university: challenges of today and development trends","authors":"Olga Petrychenko, Ievgenii Petrichenko, Igor B urmaka, Alla Vynohradova","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-6","url":null,"abstract":"Education is a process of interaction and communication among all participants, in which each of them has an impact on the outcome. Today, in the conditions of the modern world, cooperation between the teacher and the student acquires new forms and characteristics. The teacher is no longer just a source of knowledge but becomes a partner and helper for the student. The quality of communication between the student and the teacher depends on their readiness for dialogue and mutual understanding, absence of coercion and orders. A comprehensive approach to education and communication allows for a deep understanding of the processes and their improvement. Higher education institutions need to pay special attention to issues of strategic communication development, branding, and image. Clear and well-planned communication systems should be implemented at the level of structural units in order to achieve success. Providing adequate material and technical resources as well as information and communication technologies is crucial for effective use of various teaching methods and forms. However, communication between a teacher and a student should not only be about academic topics, but also about support, motivation, and personal development.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48933820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-5
I. Martynov, Y. Kalabukhin, A. Trufanova, S. Martynov, Y. Ostapenko
The authors determined the intensity of the increase in wear of various elements of the body. It has been established that the lower trim, the roof slope and the lower part of the side wall have the greatest wear. It is proposed to use aluminum alloys for the modernization of passenger car bodies. The advantage of such a technical solution is an increase in the corrosion resistance of the body. The reduction of tare allows to reduce the specific resistance to train movement, reduce fuel and electricity costs for train traction. To reduce operating costs using the basic provisions of the locomotive traction theory, calculations were made to determine the energy consumption for the movement of a passenger train according to the profile conditions of the real section of the regional branch of the Southern Railway by diesel and electric locomotive traction with the base variant and the variant of passenger cars with reduced tare weight) in composition of the train. It has been established that the annual savings in energy costs for the traction of passenger trains when using passenger cars with a reduced tare weight is about 1 million UAH.
{"title":"Determination of the efficiency of the modernization of passenger car bodies","authors":"I. Martynov, Y. Kalabukhin, A. Trufanova, S. Martynov, Y. Ostapenko","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-5","url":null,"abstract":"The authors determined the intensity of the increase in wear of various elements of the body. It has been established that the lower trim, the roof slope and the lower part of the side wall have the greatest wear. It is proposed to use aluminum alloys for the modernization of passenger car bodies. The advantage of such a technical solution is an increase in the corrosion resistance of the body. The reduction of tare allows to reduce the specific resistance to train movement, reduce fuel and electricity costs for train traction. To reduce operating costs using the basic provisions of the locomotive traction theory, calculations were made to determine the energy consumption for the movement of a passenger train according to the profile conditions of the real section of the regional branch of the Southern Railway by diesel and electric locomotive traction with the base variant and the variant of passenger cars with reduced tare weight) in composition of the train. It has been established that the annual savings in energy costs for the traction of passenger trains when using passenger cars with a reduced tare weight is about 1 million UAH.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44846817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-13
Iuliia Mykhailova, Anastasyia Steba, Galina Silvanskaya, Marina, V. Basevych, M. N. Bilenkyi, B. V. Burkinskyi, S. V. Glebov, Sh.M. Gurevich, B. A. Ridota, L. K. Kendall, O. A. Kybalchich, M. Kotlubai, A. M. Kotlubai, M. E. Lynskyi, G. S. Makhurenko, I. V. Morozova, H. P. Pylypenko, M. G. Lyokhovy, M.Ya, N. T. Postan, N. Primachev, V. I. Savin, J. Chekalovets, A. Codsman, A. Dessler, T. Lawrence, Plisley
This article explores current trends and prospects in passenger cruise ship chartering. In light of events in recent years, including the global COVID-19 pandemic, the cruise industry has faced serious challenges, prompting companies to look for new approaches to support their operations. The article examines different chartering models, including long-term and short-term agreements, as well as the possibility of sharing vessels between operators. Two organizational and legal forms of operation of marine passenger ships are considered in more detail: liner and cruise. Formalized and provided a schematic representation of the process of interaction of the participants of sea passenger transportation in various forms of ship operation. The interaction schemes of the shipowner, the charterer and the managing agent are described. The interaction technology of the participants in the passenger transportation process is considered in the context of the types of ship charter contracts. Differences in technological processes of interaction of participants in the process of organization and provision of sea passenger transportation, distribution of responsibilities, risks, costs and income in the organization of sea passenger transportation according to various schemes of interaction of participants are given.
{"title":"Commercial and legal conditions for the organization of sea passenger transportation","authors":"Iuliia Mykhailova, Anastasyia Steba, Galina Silvanskaya, Marina, V. Basevych, M. N. Bilenkyi, B. V. Burkinskyi, S. V. Glebov, Sh.M. Gurevich, B. A. Ridota, L. K. Kendall, O. A. Kybalchich, M. Kotlubai, A. M. Kotlubai, M. E. Lynskyi, G. S. Makhurenko, I. V. Morozova, H. P. Pylypenko, M. G. Lyokhovy, M.Ya, N. T. Postan, N. Primachev, V. I. Savin, J. Chekalovets, A. Codsman, A. Dessler, T. Lawrence, Plisley","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-13","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores current trends and prospects in passenger cruise ship chartering. In light of events in recent years, including the global COVID-19 pandemic, the cruise industry has faced serious challenges, prompting companies to look for new approaches to support their operations. The article examines different chartering models, including long-term and short-term agreements, as well as the possibility of sharing vessels between operators. Two organizational and legal forms of operation of marine passenger ships are considered in more detail: liner and cruise. Formalized and provided a schematic representation of the process of interaction of the participants of sea passenger transportation in various forms of ship operation. The interaction schemes of the shipowner, the charterer and the managing agent are described. The interaction technology of the participants in the passenger transportation process is considered in the context of the types of ship charter contracts. Differences in technological processes of interaction of participants in the process of organization and provision of sea passenger transportation, distribution of responsibilities, risks, costs and income in the organization of sea passenger transportation according to various schemes of interaction of participants are given.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45147687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-9
O. Oliynyk, L. Kushmar
Switches are a barrier place in the track for setting the permissible speeds for trains on the main tracks, as they have special structural devices for branching traffic from the main track to the secondary track. Symmetrical switches have a number of advantages compared to conventional ones: with the same brand with conventional switches, symmetric ones allow significantly higher speeds for the train movement with side tracks; symmetrical switches have a shorter length with the same radii of the transfer curves; it is possible to apply crosspieces with a larger angle than in the conventional switches while preserving the length of the curve and the radius. The specified qualities of single, versatile, symmetrical switches determined their use scope. On the main transport tracks, symmetrical switches are used in sorting parks of the stations, as well as in main tracks when it is necessary to achieve increased speeds of movement on both side tracks. Symmetric switches according to the purpose and design have the significant differences from the most conventional switches, and therefore the study of these designs is important and relevant. Moreover, very few scientific works were devoted to such studies of Ukrainian railways.
{"title":"Grapho-analytic method of determining the minimum groove at the pivot root of symmetrical switches","authors":"O. Oliynyk, L. Kushmar","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-9","url":null,"abstract":"Switches are a barrier place in the track for setting the permissible speeds for trains on the main tracks, as they have special structural devices for branching traffic from the main track to the secondary track. Symmetrical switches have a number of advantages compared to conventional ones: with the same brand with conventional switches, symmetric ones allow significantly higher speeds for the train movement with side tracks; symmetrical switches have a shorter length with the same radii of the transfer curves; it is possible to apply crosspieces with a larger angle than in the conventional switches while preserving the length of the curve and the radius. The specified qualities of single, versatile, symmetrical switches determined their use scope. On the main transport tracks, symmetrical switches are used in sorting parks of the stations, as well as in main tracks when it is necessary to achieve increased speeds of movement on both side tracks. Symmetric switches according to the purpose and design have the significant differences from the most conventional switches, and therefore the study of these designs is important and relevant. Moreover, very few scientific works were devoted to such studies of Ukrainian railways.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45430565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-16
O. Shulika, O. Orda, N. Potaman, Y. Yashchuk
In this paper, we propose the solution of the scientific and applied problem of batch freight delivery in the intercity by road in terms of system’s limited resource of the system due to the development of long-distance freight delivery technology in terms of resource savings and the observation of the established level of reliability of the freight delivery functioning of the logistics system (FDLS). For certain parameters of cargo flow with limited resources of the transport market entities involved in the delivery process, the formation of a resource-saving delivery technology allows maximising the effect of the functioning of the system of delivery of consignment cargo by road in intercity traffic. To solve the problem, we used methods of mathematical modelling, a systematic approach, optimization methods (functions of many variables), the provisions of probability theory and mathematical statistics, methods of regression analysis. For the given operating conditions of the developed logistics system, the rational technology of long-distance batch freight delivery has been determined in terms of resource savings. It will reduce overall costs by 13.9% for the given level of the readiness of FDLS.
{"title":"Developing an efficient road-based batch freight delivery technology for intercity connections with a focus on resource conservation","authors":"O. Shulika, O. Orda, N. Potaman, Y. Yashchuk","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-16","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose the solution of the scientific and applied problem of batch freight delivery in the intercity by road in terms of system’s limited resource of the system due to the development of long-distance freight delivery technology in terms of resource savings and the observation of the established level of reliability of the freight delivery functioning of the logistics system (FDLS). For certain parameters of cargo flow with limited resources of the transport market entities involved in the delivery process, the formation of a resource-saving delivery technology allows maximising the effect of the functioning of the system of delivery of consignment cargo by road in intercity traffic. To solve the problem, we used methods of mathematical modelling, a systematic approach, optimization methods (functions of many variables), the provisions of probability theory and mathematical statistics, methods of regression analysis. For the given operating conditions of the developed logistics system, the rational technology of long-distance batch freight delivery has been determined in terms of resource savings. It will reduce overall costs by 13.9% for the given level of the readiness of FDLS.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44251866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-8
O. Petrychenko, M. Levinskyi, D. Prytula, A. Vynohradova
As the maritime industry seeks to reduce its impact on the environment, the search for alternative fuel options is becoming increasingly important. Various fuel options are being studied, including biofuels, hydrogen, and ammonia, which are considered to be more environmentally friendly than traditional fuels extracted from the Earth's depths. The choice of fuel depends on various factors, including the size, speed, and distance of the ship, as well as the availability and cost of fuel. In the future, a combination of different fuel options may be necessary to achieve emission reduction goals. This article compares different alternative fuel types for ships, including low-sulfur fuel, LNG, electricity, methanol, hydrogen, and ammonia. Research shows that low-sulfur fuel is expensive but still cheaper than LNG, and the process of transitioning a ship to this type of fuel is relatively simple. LNG is the most expensive type of fuel and requires a complete overhaul of the ship's fuel system, which reduces its profitability. The article provides a table comparing the properties of different fuel types and concludes that methanol is likely to be the most promising alternative fuel in the near future.
{"title":"Fuel options for the future: a comparative overview of properties and prospects","authors":"O. Petrychenko, M. Levinskyi, D. Prytula, A. Vynohradova","doi":"10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9059-2023-41-8","url":null,"abstract":"As the maritime industry seeks to reduce its impact on the environment, the search for alternative fuel options is becoming increasingly important. Various fuel options are being studied, including biofuels, hydrogen, and ammonia, which are considered to be more environmentally friendly than traditional fuels extracted from the Earth's depths. The choice of fuel depends on various factors, including the size, speed, and distance of the ship, as well as the availability and cost of fuel. In the future, a combination of different fuel options may be necessary to achieve emission reduction goals. This article compares different alternative fuel types for ships, including low-sulfur fuel, LNG, electricity, methanol, hydrogen, and ammonia. Research shows that low-sulfur fuel is expensive but still cheaper than LNG, and the process of transitioning a ship to this type of fuel is relatively simple. LNG is the most expensive type of fuel and requires a complete overhaul of the ship's fuel system, which reduces its profitability. The article provides a table comparing the properties of different fuel types and concludes that methanol is likely to be the most promising alternative fuel in the near future.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46215751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-74-81
Iryna Kovova
This article is devoted to the application of cloud technologies in the management accounting automation system at enterprises. The author considered the terminology of "cloud" and "cloud technologies" and adapted the definition of "cloud management accounting technology" as a technology that allows remote processing and storage of data for thepurpose of making management decisions and managing an economic object. The main advantages of using cloud technologies in management accounting were systematize. The advantages such as a business scaling and its information security, communication speed and data access, backup, update and administration of cloud technologies and databases. In this article, the author singles out specific tasks of management accounting that affect the development and use of information technologies in its automation. The tasks such as: timely provision of information to officials in order to make management decisions for each group of information users; provision of real, timely and comprehensive information about the object of management; provision of a wide range of modern tools for analysis and management decision-making. The issue of processing accounting information in the clouds and setting up communication between the internal and external environment is covered. The author also defined the procedure for processing accounting information based on cloud technologies, which consists of four gradual stages.The author has defined the features of building management accounting of the enterprise based on cloud technologies. The features among which are: taking into account the range of users for whom the management cloud of the enterprise will be available; determination of a specific list of management tasks that can be automated on the basis of cloud technologies; selection, in accordance with the first two features, of a specific list of cloud tools
{"title":"FEATURES OF CREATING MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING OF THE ENTERPRISE BASED ON CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES","authors":"Iryna Kovova","doi":"10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-74-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-74-81","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the application of cloud technologies in the management accounting automation system at enterprises. The author considered the terminology of \"cloud\" and \"cloud technologies\" and adapted the definition of \"cloud management accounting technology\" as a technology that allows remote processing and storage of data for thepurpose of making management decisions and managing an economic object. The main advantages of using cloud technologies in management accounting were systematize. The advantages such as a business scaling and its information security, communication speed and data access, backup, update and administration of cloud technologies and databases. In this article, the author singles out specific tasks of management accounting that affect the development and use of information technologies in its automation. The tasks such as: timely provision of information to officials in order to make management decisions for each group of information users; provision of real, timely and comprehensive information about the object of management; provision of a wide range of modern tools for analysis and management decision-making. The issue of processing accounting information in the clouds and setting up communication between the internal and external environment is covered. The author also defined the procedure for processing accounting information based on cloud technologies, which consists of four gradual stages.The author has defined the features of building management accounting of the enterprise based on cloud technologies. The features among which are: taking into account the range of users for whom the management cloud of the enterprise will be available; determination of a specific list of management tasks that can be automated on the basis of cloud technologies; selection, in accordance with the first two features, of a specific list of cloud tools","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81366314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-119-127
V. Shevchuk
At the present stage of deepening the processes of Ukraine's European integration, studies of the state and prospects of development of the labour markets of Ukraine and the European Union countries are becoming increasingly relevant, since in recent years, according to some indicators of the labour market functioning, there has been a process of their separation (structural divergence), which has disintegration potential. In particular, one of the structural factors of their divergence is the imbalance in the field of remuneration.The article is devoted to the study and analysis of the dynamics of wages in Ukraine and the European Union as one of the components of the labour market research process. To achieve this goal, the author used a number of general scientific andspecial research methods interrelated and consistently applied in the work: the method of abstraction, theoretical generalisation, analysis and synthesis, induction, graphical and analytical method (graphs of dynamic changes in indicators).Based on a review of the minimum wages in the European Union, it is determined that in 2022 the EU countries will be divided into three groups: with a national minimum wage of more than EUR 1,500 per month; with a national minimum wage above EUR 1,000 but below EUR 1,500 per month; and with a national minimum wage below EUR 1,000 per month.It is established that the EU labour market has gender and cross-country imbalances in remuneration, while the Ukrainian labour market has gender and regional imbalances. It is determined that there are a number of global problems in the labour market. In the area of remuneration, these include low levels of minimum and average wages, excessive differentiation in remuneration in different regions and sectors of the economy, high and growing wage arrears, lack of connection between wages and the level of employee's qualifications and performance, and the existence of shadow remuneration schemes. The labour market conditions in Ukraine are of a falling type, as they are characterised by an excess of demand over supply (a decrease in vacancies and an increase in the number of unemployed) and a decrease in market prices (the real wage index)
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Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-49-57
O. Andrieieva
s an important component of the financial market, the banking system of Ukraine provides conditions for the effective functioning of the entire economic system of the country. Traditionally, the task of the banking system is the concentration of monetary resources with their subsequent redistribution among business entities, households, and industries. By fulfilling this task, the banking system actually contributes to the economic development of the state.In 2022, with the beginning of the war, the national banking system was faced simultaneously with problems of a general economic internal nature caused by the war: a reduction in production and income from the export of industrial and agricultural products, devaluation of the national currency, an increase in security risks, mass migration of the population and problems of a global nature -this is a slowdown in the development of the world economy. In these conditions, the National Bank of Ukraine, as the regulator of the money market, was forced to switch to a strict model of monetary policy, the goal of which was, first of all, to maintain the rate of inflation and exchange rate stability, and the main "recipes" for improving the money market were to increase the discount rate and mandatory reserve norms for commercial banks. The transition to a restrictive monetary policy is always a test for banks, but. the timely application of restrictive measures made it possible to maintain control over the currency market, over price dynamics, and give a positive forecast for economic growth.Activity in the conditions of war and economic uncertainty became a reality for the banking system and a basis for the formation of further development trends.In the medium-term perspective, the main trends in the development of the banking sector include the NBU's continued strict monetary policy and the strengthening of market incentives for banks to attract long-term hryvnia deposits from individuals; dominance of credit risks in banking; significant investments by commercial banks in high-yield certificates of the NBU and Domestic state loan bonds with the aim of increasing interest income; gradual decrease in liquidity in the banking sector; slowing of inflation as a result of the reduction of security factors; the return of banks to their pre-war business models with the simultaneous search for new forms of lending and the formation of an effective anti-crisis model of bank regulation
{"title":"BANKING SYSTEM OF UKRAINE: STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS","authors":"O. Andrieieva","doi":"10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-49-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-49-57","url":null,"abstract":"s an important component of the financial market, the banking system of Ukraine provides conditions for the effective functioning of the entire economic system of the country. Traditionally, the task of the banking system is the concentration of monetary resources with their subsequent redistribution among business entities, households, and industries. By fulfilling this task, the banking system actually contributes to the economic development of the state.In 2022, with the beginning of the war, the national banking system was faced simultaneously with problems of a general economic internal nature caused by the war: a reduction in production and income from the export of industrial and agricultural products, devaluation of the national currency, an increase in security risks, mass migration of the population and problems of a global nature -this is a slowdown in the development of the world economy. In these conditions, the National Bank of Ukraine, as the regulator of the money market, was forced to switch to a strict model of monetary policy, the goal of which was, first of all, to maintain the rate of inflation and exchange rate stability, and the main \"recipes\" for improving the money market were to increase the discount rate and mandatory reserve norms for commercial banks. The transition to a restrictive monetary policy is always a test for banks, but. the timely application of restrictive measures made it possible to maintain control over the currency market, over price dynamics, and give a positive forecast for economic growth.Activity in the conditions of war and economic uncertainty became a reality for the banking system and a basis for the formation of further development trends.In the medium-term perspective, the main trends in the development of the banking sector include the NBU's continued strict monetary policy and the strengthening of market incentives for banks to attract long-term hryvnia deposits from individuals; dominance of credit risks in banking; significant investments by commercial banks in high-yield certificates of the NBU and Domestic state loan bonds with the aim of increasing interest income; gradual decrease in liquidity in the banking sector; slowing of inflation as a result of the reduction of security factors; the return of banks to their pre-war business models with the simultaneous search for new forms of lending and the formation of an effective anti-crisis model of bank regulation","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90756845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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