Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-143-149
Svitlana Shulyarenko
Taxes are the main source of filling the state budget. Considerable attention is paid to the fiscal security of the state in the conditions of martial law. Ensuring the country's tax security is impossible without compliance with tax security by the taxpayers themselves. Scientists consider tax security at different levels: tax security of taxpayers, the region, the state, international tax security. Tax security consists of such elements as threats, risks, level, indicators of tax security. The article substantiates the concept of tax security of taxpayers and tax security management as a set of measures to ensure the optimal level of tax security. The tasks of tax security management include identifying threats to tax security, determining the actual and optimal level of tax security, substantiating and implementing measures to ensure the optimal level of tax security, determining the effectiveness of measures to adjust management decisions. Threats to the tax security of taxpayers are divided into managed and unmanaged by the possibility of influencing and managing them. The managed types of threats include the company's management system, the qualifications of accounting staff, the level of tax culture, accounting policy, and the taxpayer's financial condition; to the unmanaged -the system of administration of taxes and fees, changes in tax legislation and the structure of control bodies, a high level of tax burden, force majeure, circumstances of force majeure. Blocking the registration of tax invoices in the Unified register of tax invoices as a tool for electronic administration of value added tax poses a threat to VAT payers, leads to the impossibility of recognizing the tax liability and VAT tax credit. The introduced changes in taxation had a positive effect on taxpayers and the country's budget during martial law.Keywords:tax security, tax security management, threats to tax security, administration of taxes and fees.
{"title":"THREATS TO THE TAX SECURITY OF TAXPAYERS IN THE MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS","authors":"Svitlana Shulyarenko","doi":"10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-143-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-143-149","url":null,"abstract":"Taxes are the main source of filling the state budget. Considerable attention is paid to the fiscal security of the state in the conditions of martial law. Ensuring the country's tax security is impossible without compliance with tax security by the taxpayers themselves. Scientists consider tax security at different levels: tax security of taxpayers, the region, the state, international tax security. Tax security consists of such elements as threats, risks, level, indicators of tax security. The article substantiates the concept of tax security of taxpayers and tax security management as a set of measures to ensure the optimal level of tax security. The tasks of tax security management include identifying threats to tax security, determining the actual and optimal level of tax security, substantiating and implementing measures to ensure the optimal level of tax security, determining the effectiveness of measures to adjust management decisions. Threats to the tax security of taxpayers are divided into managed and unmanaged by the possibility of influencing and managing them. The managed types of threats include the company's management system, the qualifications of accounting staff, the level of tax culture, accounting policy, and the taxpayer's financial condition; to the unmanaged -the system of administration of taxes and fees, changes in tax legislation and the structure of control bodies, a high level of tax burden, force majeure, circumstances of force majeure. Blocking the registration of tax invoices in the Unified register of tax invoices as a tool for electronic administration of value added tax poses a threat to VAT payers, leads to the impossibility of recognizing the tax liability and VAT tax credit. The introduced changes in taxation had a positive effect on taxpayers and the country's budget during martial law.Keywords:tax security, tax security management, threats to tax security, administration of taxes and fees.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77576832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-82-90
Artem Koldovskyi
This paper presents an advanced econometric model specifically designed to analyze the intricate relationship between blockchain technology and various economic variables. The model serves as a robust framework for comprehending the impact of blockchain on investment patterns, adoption rates, and market trends. By quantifying these relationships, the model enables predictions regarding future trends in the blockchain industry and facilitates the identification of factors influencing growth or hindering adoption. With its wide-ranging applicability, the model offers profound insights for policymakers, investors, entrepreneurs, and researchers, shedding light on the economic implications of this rapidly evolving technology.The findings of this study reveal a multitude of significant insights regarding the economic implications of blockchain technology. The econometric model demonstrates a strong positive relationship between blockchain investment and adoption rates, indicating that increased investment leads to higher adoption levels. Moreover, the model identifies specific market trends and factors that influence the growth and adoption of blockchain technology. By highlighting these factors, stakeholders can make informed decisions and strategize accordingly.The econometric model forblockchain technology offers numerous applications and implications for various stakeholders. Policymakers can leverage the model's insights to develop regulatory frameworks that foster blockchain innovation while mitigating risks. Investors can utilize the model to make data-driven investment decisions and identify lucrative opportunities within the blockchain industry. Entrepreneurs can gain valuable insights into the factors driving adoption and tailor their business strategies accordingly. Additionally, researchers can expand their understanding of the relationship between technology and economic variables, contributing to the development of new theories and frameworks.
{"title":"IMPACT ON THE MARKETCAPITALIZATION OF BLOCKCHAIN-BASED CRYPTOCURRENCIES","authors":"Artem Koldovskyi","doi":"10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-82-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2664-2964-2023-53-82-90","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an advanced econometric model specifically designed to analyze the intricate relationship between blockchain technology and various economic variables. The model serves as a robust framework for comprehending the impact of blockchain on investment patterns, adoption rates, and market trends. By quantifying these relationships, the model enables predictions regarding future trends in the blockchain industry and facilitates the identification of factors influencing growth or hindering adoption. With its wide-ranging applicability, the model offers profound insights for policymakers, investors, entrepreneurs, and researchers, shedding light on the economic implications of this rapidly evolving technology.The findings of this study reveal a multitude of significant insights regarding the economic implications of blockchain technology. The econometric model demonstrates a strong positive relationship between blockchain investment and adoption rates, indicating that increased investment leads to higher adoption levels. Moreover, the model identifies specific market trends and factors that influence the growth and adoption of blockchain technology. By highlighting these factors, stakeholders can make informed decisions and strategize accordingly.The econometric model forblockchain technology offers numerous applications and implications for various stakeholders. Policymakers can leverage the model's insights to develop regulatory frameworks that foster blockchain innovation while mitigating risks. Investors can utilize the model to make data-driven investment decisions and identify lucrative opportunities within the blockchain industry. Entrepreneurs can gain valuable insights into the factors driving adoption and tailor their business strategies accordingly. Additionally, researchers can expand their understanding of the relationship between technology and economic variables, contributing to the development of new theories and frameworks.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90169627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-19
H. Holub, M. Tkachuk, V. Melenchuk, Y. Lushchai
Aspects of system analysis of the process of railway transportation management are considered in the work. Each of them is analyzed in detail and the role of each in managing the transportation process is determined. It was determined that the implementation of complex automated management systems led to the definition of a typical multi-level structure of the application system, which provides a combination of various management goals, however, the use of certain tools does not affect any of the aspects of the analysis. System models of the decision-making process in transportation process management, each level of the analytical system of transportation process management, are presented. The functions and processes of each of these levels are analyzed in detail. With the help of system models developed in the work, the hierarchical principle of management of the transportation process is considered, which is based on detailing management actions and, at the same time, narrowing the number of basic management objects.
{"title":"A SYSTEM MODEL OF DECISION-MAKING TRANSPORTATION PROCESS MANAGEMENT IN TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS","authors":"H. Holub, M. Tkachuk, V. Melenchuk, Y. Lushchai","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-19","url":null,"abstract":"Aspects of system analysis of the process of railway transportation management are considered in the work. Each of them is analyzed in detail and the role of each in managing the transportation process is determined. It was determined that the implementation of complex automated management systems led to the definition of a typical multi-level structure of the application system, which provides a combination of various management goals, however, the use of certain tools does not affect any of the aspects of the analysis. System models of the decision-making process in transportation process management, each level of the analytical system of transportation process management, are presented. The functions and processes of each of these levels are analyzed in detail. With the help of system models developed in the work, the hierarchical principle of management of the transportation process is considered, which is based on detailing management actions and, at the same time, narrowing the number of basic management objects.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42506190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-23
I. Saiapina
Informatization of society poses new challenges and requirements for information systems in transport, which are responsible for data processing and storage. A significant number of performance problems in developed applications are related to databases, because often poor database performance directly affects the application's slowdown. For the normal functioning of the processes of diagnostics of rolling stock and automation systems, decision-making, and the formation of reports in the transport industry, the task of optimizing the management of databases and ensuring their productivity under the condition of simultaneous multi-user access arises. The article discusses the stages of query execution and approaches to increasing the efficiency of the query optimizer. The main factors that depend on the performance of queries in information systems based on relational databases are analyzed. Optimization criteria can include such performance estimates as time required to generate a report, query execution time, speed of finding data in non-indexed fields, maximum number of simultaneous accesses to data in multi-user mode, speed of indexing, as well as update, delete and add operations.
{"title":"RELATIONAL DATABASE WORK OPTIMIZATION OF THE TRANSPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM","authors":"I. Saiapina","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-23","url":null,"abstract":"Informatization of society poses new challenges and requirements for information systems in transport, which are responsible for data processing and storage. A significant number of performance problems in developed applications are related to databases, because often poor database performance directly affects the application's slowdown. For the normal functioning of the processes of diagnostics of rolling stock and automation systems, decision-making, and the formation of reports in the transport industry, the task of optimizing the management of databases and ensuring their productivity under the condition of simultaneous multi-user access arises. The article discusses the stages of query execution and approaches to increasing the efficiency of the query optimizer. The main factors that depend on the performance of queries in information systems based on relational databases are analyzed. Optimization criteria can include such performance estimates as time required to generate a report, query execution time, speed of finding data in non-indexed fields, maximum number of simultaneous accesses to data in multi-user mode, speed of indexing, as well as update, delete and add operations.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44978723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-2
O. Doroshenko
The article examines the experimental and theoretical justification of the use of basalt fiber, as a promising material, with the help of which it is possible to obtain a new class of building materials. As a result, it was established that an increase in temperature contributes to an increase in alkali resistance of the fiber. The mass loss during aging in an alkaline solution after 28 days is about 5%, while the initial fiber loses more than 30% of the fiber mass during this time. A further increase in the temperature of isothermal aging is not effective due to a decrease in alkali resistance of the fibers and economic impracticability. To explain the processes occurring in the structure of the fiber during its heat treatment, X-ray images and spectra of the original and heat-treated fiber were obtained. In the process of heat treatment from 300 to 500 0С, the processes of defect healing, changes in the chemical composition and surface structure of the fibers occur as a result of Fe+2 → Fe+3 oxidation and the formation of iron oxide tetrahedra [FeO4]Na with the attraction of alkaline cations to the surface of the fibers. The expediency of thermal treatment of basalt fiber at a temperature of 500 0C is substantiated, which leads to compaction of the fiber structure and contributes to increasing its alkali resistance, which is confirmed by the morphostructural features of the surface of heat-treated basalt fiber aged in cement mortar.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRINCIPLES OF BASALT FIBER MODIFICATION WITH THE PURPOSE OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF ITS APPLICATION IN TRANSPORT CONSTRUCTION","authors":"O. Doroshenko","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-2","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the experimental and theoretical justification of the use of basalt fiber, as a promising material, with the help of which it is possible to obtain a new class of building materials. As a result, it was established that an increase in temperature contributes to an increase in alkali resistance of the fiber. The mass loss during aging in an alkaline solution after 28 days is about 5%, while the initial fiber loses more than 30% of the fiber mass during this time. A further increase in the temperature of isothermal aging is not effective due to a decrease in alkali resistance of the fibers and economic impracticability. To explain the processes occurring in the structure of the fiber during its heat treatment, X-ray images and spectra of the original and heat-treated fiber were obtained. In the process of heat treatment from 300 to 500 0С, the processes of defect healing, changes in the chemical composition and surface structure of the fibers occur as a result of Fe+2 → Fe+3 oxidation and the formation of iron oxide tetrahedra [FeO4]Na with the attraction of alkaline cations to the surface of the fibers. The expediency of thermal treatment of basalt fiber at a temperature of 500 0C is substantiated, which leads to compaction of the fiber structure and contributes to increasing its alkali resistance, which is confirmed by the morphostructural features of the surface of heat-treated basalt fiber aged in cement mortar.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49397962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-4
Y. Kalabukhin, I. Martynov, A. Trufanova
The article presents the results of the development of a methodological approach to determining the components of the efficiency of the modernization of rolling stock using the example of the exploitation of bushing units with new generation bearings. Factors affecting the amount of additional capital costs for the modernization of electric trains with improved bushing units are analyzed. It is shown that additional capital investments arise due to the costs of research and development works, which are associated with the modernization of electric trains, as well as the costs of purchasing and equipping an electric train with new-generation bushing units instead of basic ones. It is proposed to adapt the calculation of the annual operating costs for the operation of the electric train to the conditions of the specific route served by it and to the existing system of maintaining the rolling stock in a technically sound condition. At the same time, the calculation of operational indicators of the use of the electric train on the route was performed. The influence of electric train modernization on the change in the annual operating costs of the suburban rail transport economy is analyzed. The average annual savings in operating costs for the repair and maintenance of the new generation of bogie assemblies per one electric train of the EPL9t series and the discounted economic effect of modernization for the remaining period of operation of the electric train were determined. It was established that the payback period for additional capital investments does not exceed 5.5 years. The proposed scientific and practical procedure for determining the components of efficiency allows to scientifically justify the feasibility of modernizing electric trains with new-generation bogies, taking into account the remaining period of their operation.
{"title":"ON THE QUESTION OF DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE MODERNIZATION OF ELECTRIC TRAINS","authors":"Y. Kalabukhin, I. Martynov, A. Trufanova","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the development of a methodological approach to determining the components of the efficiency of the modernization of rolling stock using the example of the exploitation of bushing units with new generation bearings. Factors affecting the amount of additional capital costs for the modernization of electric trains with improved bushing units are analyzed. It is shown that additional capital investments arise due to the costs of research and development works, which are associated with the modernization of electric trains, as well as the costs of purchasing and equipping an electric train with new-generation bushing units instead of basic ones. It is proposed to adapt the calculation of the annual operating costs for the operation of the electric train to the conditions of the specific route served by it and to the existing system of maintaining the rolling stock in a technically sound condition. At the same time, the calculation of operational indicators of the use of the electric train on the route was performed. The influence of electric train modernization on the change in the annual operating costs of the suburban rail transport economy is analyzed. The average annual savings in operating costs for the repair and maintenance of the new generation of bogie assemblies per one electric train of the EPL9t series and the discounted economic effect of modernization for the remaining period of operation of the electric train were determined. It was established that the payback period for additional capital investments does not exceed 5.5 years. The proposed scientific and practical procedure for determining the components of efficiency allows to scientifically justify the feasibility of modernizing electric trains with new-generation bogies, taking into account the remaining period of their operation.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41652880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-18
N. Potaman
The formation of a rational route network contributes to the timely and uninterrupted delivery of products and more efficient interaction of supplier organizations, recipient organizations and trucking organizations. However, at present, the issues of increasing the level of customer service, which in market conditions are closely related to the problem of service and quality of service, are becoming increasingly important. The quality of transportation should be understood as the ability of the trucking industry to meet the needs of enterprises and the public in transport services with minimal costs. Thus, there is a question of forming a rational route network, which would improve the quality of customer service with minimal costs. The use of economic and mathematical methods and information technologies in the formation of a rational route network allows to obtain a synergistic effect, namely by reducing overall costs, improve the quality of service. The formation of a rational route network according to the proposed algorithm allows to determine the cost of delivery of goods and the level of service of cargo owners with the specified number of dispatchers and cars at the enterprise and provide companies with practical recommendations on the number of dispatchers and cars needed to meet customer needs. service.
{"title":"FORMATION OF A RATIONAL ROUTE NETWORK FOR THE DELIVERI OF CONTAINERED CARGO","authors":"N. Potaman","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-18","url":null,"abstract":"The formation of a rational route network contributes to the timely and uninterrupted delivery of products and more efficient interaction of supplier organizations, recipient organizations and trucking organizations. However, at present, the issues of increasing the level of customer service, which in market conditions are closely related to the problem of service and quality of service, are becoming increasingly important. The quality of transportation should be understood as the ability of the trucking industry to meet the needs of enterprises and the public in transport services with minimal costs. Thus, there is a question of forming a rational route network, which would improve the quality of customer service with minimal costs. The use of economic and mathematical methods and information technologies in the formation of a rational route network allows to obtain a synergistic effect, namely by reducing overall costs, improve the quality of service. The formation of a rational route network according to the proposed algorithm allows to determine the cost of delivery of goods and the level of service of cargo owners with the specified number of dispatchers and cars at the enterprise and provide companies with practical recommendations on the number of dispatchers and cars needed to meet customer needs. service.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47589297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-11
N. Radkevich
The article analyzes the impact of the environment on the load-bearing metal structures of passenger cars using the example of special-purpose cars based on the results of technical diagnostics in order to extend the service life.According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that despite the initial high characteristics of the load-bearing elements and the body shell, the very design of the passenger car body creates favorable conditions for the development of corrosion of the internal surfaces of the load-bearing elements. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the main operational damage to body elements can be divided into mechanical and corrosion. despite the initial high characteristics of the load-bearing elements of the structure and the shell of the body, the very design of the body of the passenger car creates favorable conditions for the development of the process of corrosion of the internal surfaces of the loadbearing elements. The bodies of wagons built in 1982-1990, which came for repair from most railways, were examined. For a long time, the author analyzed the technical condition of the bodies of passenger cars, technical diagnostics in order to extend the service life. Corrosion damage to the body of the passenger car was detected: the floor of the body, the belt of the lower lining, through-corrosion of the lining of the side walls). It was established that the rate of corrosion destruction increases from zero in the initial period of operation, when the protective properties of the anti-corrosion coating are effective, to 0,8 mm per year. Such a high intensity is explained by the specifics of the body design and the conditions of its operation.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE ENVIRONMENT ON THE BEARING STRUCTURES OF PASSENGER CARS","authors":"N. Radkevich","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-11","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the impact of the environment on the load-bearing metal structures of passenger cars using the example of special-purpose cars based on the results of technical diagnostics in order to extend the service life.According to the results of the analysis, it was determined that despite the initial high characteristics of the load-bearing elements and the body shell, the very design of the passenger car body creates favorable conditions for the development of corrosion of the internal surfaces of the load-bearing elements. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the main operational damage to body elements can be divided into mechanical and corrosion. despite the initial high characteristics of the load-bearing elements of the structure and the shell of the body, the very design of the body of the passenger car creates favorable conditions for the development of the process of corrosion of the internal surfaces of the loadbearing elements. The bodies of wagons built in 1982-1990, which came for repair from most railways, were examined. For a long time, the author analyzed the technical condition of the bodies of passenger cars, technical diagnostics in order to extend the service life. Corrosion damage to the body of the passenger car was detected: the floor of the body, the belt of the lower lining, through-corrosion of the lining of the side walls). It was established that the rate of corrosion destruction increases from zero in the initial period of operation, when the protective properties of the anti-corrosion coating are effective, to 0,8 mm per year. Such a high intensity is explained by the specifics of the body design and the conditions of its operation.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48139084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-5
I. Riabov, L. Overianova, D. Iakunin, I. Bilokon, S. Goolak
The paper reviews shunting electric locomotives, the use of which is becoming widespread due to lower costs of fuel and energy resources and a reduction in the impact on the environment. Mathematical models of the movement of a train with a shunting electric locomotive have been developed. A four-axle electric locomotive with a power of 750 kW is proposed for research. A mathematical model of the movement of a train with a ChME3 diesel locomotive has been developed. To compare the costs of fuel and energy resources for freight and transfer operations, simulations of train movement were carried out on sections of the route Kharkiv-Sortuvalny – Merefa and Kharkiv-Sortuvalny – Lyubotyn with different numbers of cars. The simulation was carried out for movement with a shunting electric locomotive and a ChME3 diesel locomotive. It was established that the costs of fuel and energy resources in the case of using a shunting electric locomotive are 2.5-3 times lower compared to a ChME3 diesel locomotive. Based on the obtained results, it is proposed to use dual mode locomotives for the renewal of shunting rolling stock for electrified sections of railways. The locomotive must be equipped with an energy-efficient electric drive and a combined power plant based on a modern diesel engine or other primary energy source in combination with an on-board energy storage system and intelligent management of energy flows in the traction system.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF MANEUVERING ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES FOR TRANSFER AND FREIGHT WORK","authors":"I. Riabov, L. Overianova, D. Iakunin, I. Bilokon, S. Goolak","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-5","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reviews shunting electric locomotives, the use of which is becoming widespread due to lower costs of fuel and energy resources and a reduction in the impact on the environment. Mathematical models of the movement of a train with a shunting electric locomotive have been developed. A four-axle electric locomotive with a power of 750 kW is proposed for research. A mathematical model of the movement of a train with a ChME3 diesel locomotive has been developed. To compare the costs of fuel and energy resources for freight and transfer operations, simulations of train movement were carried out on sections of the route Kharkiv-Sortuvalny – Merefa and Kharkiv-Sortuvalny – Lyubotyn with different numbers of cars. The simulation was carried out for movement with a shunting electric locomotive and a ChME3 diesel locomotive. It was established that the costs of fuel and energy resources in the case of using a shunting electric locomotive are 2.5-3 times lower compared to a ChME3 diesel locomotive. Based on the obtained results, it is proposed to use dual mode locomotives for the renewal of shunting rolling stock for electrified sections of railways. The locomotive must be equipped with an energy-efficient electric drive and a combined power plant based on a modern diesel engine or other primary energy source in combination with an on-board energy storage system and intelligent management of energy flows in the traction system.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43174500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-9
A. Lovska, V. Ravlyuk
The paper presents the results of the analysis of surface defects and faults of freight car wheels caused by frictional interaction with composite brake pads. It is established that the main influence on the thermomechanical behavior of freight car wheels is caused by thermal loads that occur during braking. In cases of thermal overloads, which arise mainly as a result of prolonged braking, the generation of stresses and deformations occurs, the consequences of which are the appearance of high-temperature local defects on the rolling surface of freight car wheels. These defects negatively affect the safety of trains and significantly increase the operating costs of railway transport. To determine the thermal stress state of the freight car wheel during braking, its calculation was carried out. As a calculation method, the finite element method was used, which is implemented in the SolidWorks Simulation software package. The temperature effect on the wheel during braking is determined to be permissible from the point of view of ensuring the strength of the wheel. The conducted research will contribute to the creation of recommendations for managing the temperature effect on the wheel, as well as improving the safety of trains and significantly reducing operating costs in railway transport.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF THE CAUSES OF SURFACE DEFECTS OF WHEELS OF CARS EQUIPPED WITH COMPOSITE PADS","authors":"A. Lovska, V. Ravlyuk","doi":"10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32703/2617-9040-2022-40-9","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of the analysis of surface defects and faults of freight car wheels caused by frictional interaction with composite brake pads. It is established that the main influence on the thermomechanical behavior of freight car wheels is caused by thermal loads that occur during braking. In cases of thermal overloads, which arise mainly as a result of prolonged braking, the generation of stresses and deformations occurs, the consequences of which are the appearance of high-temperature local defects on the rolling surface of freight car wheels. These defects negatively affect the safety of trains and significantly increase the operating costs of railway transport. To determine the thermal stress state of the freight car wheel during braking, its calculation was carried out. As a calculation method, the finite element method was used, which is implemented in the SolidWorks Simulation software package. The temperature effect on the wheel during braking is determined to be permissible from the point of view of ensuring the strength of the wheel. The conducted research will contribute to the creation of recommendations for managing the temperature effect on the wheel, as well as improving the safety of trains and significantly reducing operating costs in railway transport.","PeriodicalId":33465,"journal":{"name":"Zbirnik naukovikh prats'' Derzhavnogo universitetu infrastrukturi ta tekhnologii seriia Transportni sistemi i tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43473016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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