International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control最新文献_第5页

Laboratory and literature insights into uncertainty in CO2-water relative permeability at low water saturations 低含水饱和度下二氧化碳-水相对渗透率的不确定性的实验室和文献见解

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104482

Jiachao Ge , Zain Rasheed , Yamin Wang , Saira , Furqan Hussain

Determining CO₂-water drainage relative permeability generally requires laboratory experiments, followed by numerical history matching. However, achieving low water saturations in the laboratory is challenging. Consequently, the relative permeability values at these low saturations—though essential for field-scale modelling—must be extrapolated, introducing significant uncertainty.

Previous studies used continuous mathematical functions—such as Corey or LET—to define relative permeability curves across the full saturation range. In such functions, changes to curve parameters affected both high and low saturation values, masking the specific uncertainty present at low saturations. In this study, we reanalyzed published data revealing a wide range of plausible relative permeability values at low water saturation, all of which yield equally good history matches—indicating substantial hidden uncertainty in this region.

To mitigate this, we performed laboratory experiments with extended injection of water-saturated CO₂ to 78 pore volumes (PV), achieving 34 % water saturations, much lower than commonly reported. Following this, desaturation was performed at constant pressure using a porous plate to further reduce water saturation to 0.225, enabling direct measurement of maximum CO₂ relative permeability. Results indicate that extending CO₂ injection reduces uncertainty in relative permeability at lower saturations, though experimental limitations persist below 0.34 water saturation. Including porous plate data significantly improves reliability by applying higher capillary pressures representative of field conditions.

This work highlights the necessity of advanced experimental designs to extend the reliability of CO₂-water relative permeability measurements to lower water saturations. These findings are crucial for enhancing predictive accuracy in field-scale CO₂ sequestration modelling.

确定co2 -水排水相对渗透率通常需要实验室实验，然后进行数值历史拟合。然而，在实验室中实现低水饱和度是具有挑战性的。因此，这些低饱和度的相对渗透率值——尽管对现场尺度建模至关重要——必须外推，这带来了很大的不确定性。以前的研究使用连续的数学函数（如Corey或let）来定义整个饱和度范围内的相对渗透率曲线。在这些函数中，曲线参数的变化影响高饱和度和低饱和度值，掩盖了低饱和度下存在的特定不确定性。在这项研究中，我们重新分析了已发表的数据，揭示了低含水饱和度下广泛的似是而非的相对渗透率值，所有这些数据都产生了同样好的历史匹配，这表明该地区存在大量隐藏的不确定性。为了缓解这一问题，我们进行了实验室实验，将饱和水CO 2注入到78孔隙体积（PV），达到34%的含水饱和度，远低于通常报道的水平。随后，在恒压下使用多孔板进行脱饱和，进一步将水饱和度降低到0.225，从而可以直接测量最大CO₂相对渗透率。结果表明，扩大CO2注入可以降低低饱和度下相对渗透率的不确定性，但实验限制在0.34含水饱和度以下。包括多孔板数据显著提高可靠性通过应用较高的毛细管压力代表现场条件。这项工作强调了先进的实验设计的必要性，以扩大CO₂-水相对渗透率测量的可靠性，以降低水的饱和度。这些发现对于提高野外尺度二氧化碳封存模型的预测精度至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Techno-economic assessment of liquefied CO2 transport via trucking 液化二氧化碳卡车运输的技术经济评价

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104491

Mostafa Ashkavand , Marcel Scheffler , Wolfram Heineken , Mithran Daniel Solomon , Torsten Birth-Reichert

This study presents a techno-economic evaluation of liquefied CO₂ transport via trucking, covering the full transport chain from liquefaction, buffer storage and trucking to reconditioning. The analysis spans a wide range of transport demands (25–1000 t/d) and distances (25–500 km), aiming to quantify the conditions under which trucking is a cost-effective alternative to pipeline transport. A detailed cost model was developed for each transport stage, including component-level capital and operating costs. Results indicate that trucking transport is economically favorable for long distances and low transport volumes, with its cost advantage ending beyond 400 t/d. As distance increases, trucking remains competitive at higher flow rates up to this threshold. Liquefaction is the dominant cost contributor at shorter distances, whereas the trucking part becomes the largest cost factor over longer distances. Buffer storage and reconditioning consistently contribute less to the total cost. Operational expenditure (OPEX) consistently exceeds capital expenditure (CAPEX), with energy consumption and liquefaction O&M costs together representing on average around 60% of OPEX (ranging from ∼80% for the 50 km case to ∼43% for the 500 km case). The Sensitivity analysis identifies trailer load capacity and electricity price as the most influential cost drivers, while fixed infrastructure costs have relatively minor impacts. Overall, this work provides a robust framework and practical insights for selecting cost-efficient CO₂ transport methods and supports future planning of CCUS systems. Beyond its quantitative findings, this study introduces a transparent, step-by-step methodology for CO₂ trucking cost assessment, filling a notable gap in existing literature.

本研究提出了液化二氧化碳通过卡车运输的技术经济评估，涵盖了从液化，缓冲储存和卡车运输到修复的整个运输链。该分析涵盖了广泛的运输需求（25-1000吨/天）和距离（25-500公里），旨在量化卡车运输作为管道运输替代方案的成本效益。为每个运输阶段制定了详细的成本模型，包括组件级资本和运营成本。结果表明，卡车运输对于长距离和低运输量具有经济效益，其成本优势超过400t /d。随着距离的增加，卡车运输在高流量下仍然具有竞争力。在短途运输中，液化是主要的成本因素，而在长途运输中，卡车运输部分成为最大的成本因素。缓冲存储和修复对总成本的贡献始终较小。运营支出（OPEX）一直超过资本支出（CAPEX），能源消耗和液化o&m成本合计平均约占运营支出的60%（从50公里的80%到500公里的43%不等）。敏感性分析表明，拖车载重能力和电价是影响最大的成本驱动因素，而固定基础设施成本的影响相对较小。总的来说，这项工作为选择成本效益高的二氧化碳运输方法提供了一个强大的框架和实用的见解，并支持CCUS系统的未来规划。除了它的定量发现，本研究引入了一个透明的，一步一步的二氧化碳运输成本评估方法，填补了现有文献中的一个显着空白。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasonic response of a brine-saturated reservoir rock during coupled stress and fluid perturbation during liquid-CO2 injection 注液- co2过程中应力-流体耦合扰动下含盐饱和储层岩石的超声响应

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104498

Debanjan Chandra , Auke Barnhoorn

CO₂ injection into porous sandstone reservoirs offers a promising pathway to curb anthropogenic carbon emissions, but poses risks of leakage and induced seismicity from stress perturbations and fault reactivation without meticulous monitoring. Here, we present a time-lapse monitoring approach based on laboratory measurements of ultrasonic Vp, Vs and corresponding peak amplitudes in critically stressed, partially saturated North Sea sandstones (porosity 9–23%). Our experiments show that Vp and Vs exhibit higher sensitivity (4–15%) to stress changes compared to fluid saturation changes (0.8–1%), whereas amplitudes are more responsive (30–500%) to saturation, showing staggered change when brine is displaced by CO₂. Under pure stress perturbation, amplitude variations are smaller (10–50%). During elastic deformation, the Vp/Vs ratio decreases while the ratio of their corresponding amplitudes increases, underscoring the need for both P- and S-wave measurements. Velocity and amplitude changes are more pronounced in high-porosity rocks. In a critically stressed state (beyond yield/before failure), the rise in pore fluid density from CO₂ injection boosts shear wave amplitudes, offsetting attenuation from inelastic deformation. Knowing the pre-injection stress state enables these velocity and amplitude trends to serve as robust indicators of reservoir conditions during and after CO₂ injection. This cost-effective approach can be adapted to reservoir-scale monitoring and extends beyond CCS, supporting enhanced detection of stress and fluid-induced changes in subsurface formations.

向多孔砂岩储层注入二氧化碳是抑制人为碳排放的一条很有前途的途径，但如果没有细致的监测，就会带来泄漏和应力扰动和断层重新激活引发地震活动的风险。在这里，我们提出了一种基于实验室测量临界应力、部分饱和北海砂岩（孔隙度9-23%）的超声波Vp、Vs和相应峰值幅度的延时监测方法。我们的实验表明，与流体饱和度变化（0.8-1%）相比，Vp和Vs对应力变化的敏感性更高（4-15%），而振幅对饱和度的响应更高（30-500%），当盐水被CO2置换时呈现交错变化。在纯应力扰动下，振幅变化较小（10-50%）。在弹性变形过程中，Vp/Vs比减小，而其对应振幅之比增大，强调了P波和s波测量的必要性。在高孔隙度岩石中，速度和振幅变化更为明显。在临界应力状态下（超过屈服/破坏前），注入二氧化碳导致孔隙流体密度上升，从而提高了剪切波振幅，抵消了非弹性变形带来的衰减。了解注入前的应力状态，这些速度和振幅趋势可以作为注入二氧化碳期间和之后油藏状况的可靠指标。这种具有成本效益的方法可以适用于油藏规模的监测，并扩展到CCS之外，支持增强对地下地层应力和流体引起的变化的检测。

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引用次数: 0

Solvent degradation & influences on amine-based carbon capture operations 溶剂降解及对胺基碳捕集操作的影响

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104500

Ward Peeters, Randi Neerup, Philip L. Fosbøl

Amine-based carbon capture is one of the most widely used technologies for mitigating industrial CO₂ emissions. However, solvent degradation significantly compromises process efficiency and economic viability. This review critically examines both thermal and oxidative degradation mechanisms, emphasizing how operational conditions, such as flue gas composition, CO₂ loading, temperature, and pressure, influence degradation. The catalytic role of dissolved metals in oxidative degradation and the interconnection with corrosion is an important aspect of solvent degradation. Beyond chemical mechanisms, practical mitigation strategies including the use of inhibitors, solvent reclamation methods, and solvent selection criteria are discussed in detail. The limitations of current degradation monitoring techniques are also evaluated, emphasizing the need for real-time analytical solutions.

This review fills in a critical gap in the literature. While previous review papers provide a strong foundation on solvent degradation, this review goes a step further by focusing on the industrial implications and practical mitigation strategies. In addition to summarizing key degradation pathways, special attention is given to the role of metals in accelerating oxidative degradation through autocatalytic effects. This work also highlights how these mechanisms impact long-term solvent stability and operational efficiency. By covering both chemical insights and real-world challenges, this review aims to bridge the gap between laboratory findings and industrial application.

胺基碳捕获是减少工业二氧化碳排放最广泛使用的技术之一。然而，溶剂降解显著影响工艺效率和经济可行性。这篇综述严格审查了热降解和氧化降解机制，强调了操作条件（如烟气成分、CO 2负荷、温度和压力）如何影响降解。溶解金属在氧化降解中的催化作用以及与腐蚀的相互作用是溶剂降解的一个重要方面。除化学机理外，还详细讨论了实际缓解策略，包括抑制剂的使用、溶剂回收方法和溶剂选择标准。还评估了当前退化监测技术的局限性，强调需要实时分析解决方案。这篇综述填补了文献中的一个重要空白。虽然以前的综述论文为溶剂降解提供了坚实的基础，但本综述进一步侧重于工业影响和实际缓解战略。除了总结关键的降解途径外，还特别关注了金属在通过自催化作用加速氧化降解中的作用。这项工作还强调了这些机制如何影响长期溶剂稳定性和操作效率。通过涵盖化学见解和现实世界的挑战，本综述旨在弥合实验室发现和工业应用之间的差距。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of CASOH and DISPLACE technologies in a steel plant for the mitigation of CO2 emissions – A techno-economic analysis 将CASOH和displacement技术整合到一家钢铁厂以减少二氧化碳排放——技术经济分析

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104478

Nicola Zecca , Santiago Zapata Boada , Vincenzo Spallina , Giampaolo Manzolini

Given the severe climate crisis and the urgent need to limit the adverse effects of global warming, drastic changes are required across various industries. Among them, the iron and steel sector is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, accounting for approximately 7 % of global CO₂ emissions. This study proposes the integration of innovative carbon capture technologies, such as DISPLACE and CASOH, into a conventional BF-BOF (Blast Furnace-Basic Oxygen Furnace) steelmaking process. A comprehensive techno-economic analysis was conducted, supported by simulations performed in Aspen Plus, to optimize the integration of these technologies. The study suggests a redesigned gas distribution system within the BF-BOF steel plant, incorporating oxy-fired units to facilitate post-combustion carbon capture and minimize the plant emissions. The analysis reveals that, employing CASOH for pre-combustion CO₂ capture to decarbonize a mixture of BFG (Blast Furnace Gas) and BOFG (Basic Oxygen Furnace Gas), combined with DISPLACE for decarbonizing flue gases from hot stoves, sinter plant, and reheating ovens, 72 % reduction in CO₂ emissions and a SPECCA around 0 GJ/t_CO2 can be achieved. This is attainable within a renewable electricity scenario, at a cost of 138 € per ton of CO₂ avoided. Lower CO₂ avoidance values can also be achieved by treating less exhaust gases with reduction in both SPECCA and costs.

鉴于严重的气候危机和限制全球变暖不利影响的迫切需要，各行各业都需要进行重大变革。其中，钢铁行业是温室气体排放的主要贡献者，约占全球二氧化碳排放量的7%。本研究提出将创新的碳捕获技术，如置换和CASOH，整合到传统的BF-BOF（高炉-碱性氧炉）炼钢工艺中。在Aspen Plus的模拟支持下，进行了全面的技术经济分析，以优化这些技术的集成。该研究建议在BF-BOF钢铁厂内重新设计气体分配系统，结合氧气燃烧装置，以促进燃烧后的碳捕获，并最大限度地减少工厂的排放。分析表明，采用CASOH进行燃烧前CO2捕集，使高炉气和碱性氧炉气的混合物脱碳，结合DISPLACE对热风炉、烧结厂和再热炉的烟气脱碳，CO2排放量减少72%，SPECCA约为0 GJ/tCO2。这在可再生电力的情况下是可以实现的，每吨二氧化碳的成本为138欧元。通过减少废气处理，降低SPECCA和成本，也可以实现更低的二氧化碳避免值。

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引用次数: 0

Deep-learning-enhanced assessment of wellbore barrier effectiveness in geologic storage systems with intermediate aquifers 基于深度学习的含中间含水层地质储层井眼屏障有效性评价

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104487

Seunghwan Baek , Leon Hibbard , Nate Mitchell , Delphine Appriou , Robert Dilmore , Md․Lal Mamud

For geologic systems where carbon dioxide (CO₂) is injected underground, existing wells represent potential pathways for fluid migration. This study introduces a novel deep learning model to quantify the likelihood and potential magnitude of fluid migration through wellbores at sites with intermediate aquifers or thief zones between the injection units and underground drinking water sources. Synthetic datasets, generated using reservoir simulations, captured a wide range of subsurface conditions, well attributes, operational parameters, and fluid migration scenarios. Among the regression models developed to predict brine and CO₂ leakage rates and CO₂ saturations along leaky wellbores, convolutional neural network (CNN) outperformed both Light Gradient Boosting Machine and deep neural network. Additionally, a CNN-based classification model was created to predict whether brine and CO₂ would leak along a wellbore, further improving performance over regression alone. The best models were integrated into the National Risk Assessment Partnership Open-source Integrated Assessment Model for rapid, stochastic assessment of storage system containment and leakage risks. A case study demonstrated the model’s ability to simulate fluid migration through existing wells with multiple intermediate aquifers. This computationally efficient wellbore model offers value in support of site performance evaluation and risk-informed decision making by stakeholders.

对于地下注入二氧化碳（CO2）的地质系统，现有井代表了流体运移的潜在途径。该研究引入了一种新的深度学习模型，用于量化在注入单元和地下饮用水源之间具有中间含水层或盗窃带的油井中流体运移的可能性和潜在规模。通过油藏模拟生成的合成数据集捕获了广泛的地下条件、井属性、操作参数和流体运移场景。在用于预测泄漏井的盐水和二氧化碳泄漏率以及二氧化碳饱和度的回归模型中，卷积神经网络（CNN）的表现优于光梯度增强机（Light Gradient Boosting Machine）和深度神经网络。此外，还建立了一个基于cnn的分类模型来预测盐水和CO 2是否会沿着井筒泄漏，进一步提高了单独回归的性能。将最佳模型集成到国家风险评估伙伴关系开源综合评估模型中，用于快速、随机评估存储系统密封和泄漏风险。一个案例研究表明，该模型能够模拟具有多个中间含水层的现有井的流体运移。这种计算效率高的井筒模型为现场性能评估和利益相关者的风险决策提供了有价值的支持。

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引用次数: 0

Near-Surface Monitoring of Plugged and Abandoned Wells for Real-Time Leakage Detection in Geologic Carbon Storage 地质储碳中封堵井和废弃井的近地表监测实时泄漏检测

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104483

Sahar Bakhshian , Hassan Dashtian , Arya Chavoshi , Mahdi Haddad , Susan D. Hovorka , Michael H. Young , Katherine D. Romanak , Mohsen Ahmadian

The risk of CO

_{2}

and brine leakage to environmental receptors is one of the main concerns in geologic CO

_{2}

storage. Legacy wells from past oil and gas activities may be located within the area of review, necessitating continuous monitoring to ensure they are properly sealed to prevent fluid migration. Deployment of an efficient monitoring system for early detection of leakage from failed wells is imperative to mitigate environmental and financial risks. This study proposes a cost-effective near-surface monitoring package capable of real-time surveillance of plugged and abandoned (P&A) wells. Controlled pilot-scale CO

_{2}

and water release experiments were conducted to identify soil properties that are most sensitive to leakage in the near-surface vadose zone above P&A well stubs. Multiple release scenarios with different rates and durations were implemented, and machine learning techniques were applied to identify anomalous data patterns caused by leakage. Among measured parameters, soil electrical conductivity (EC) was the most sensitive indicator of leakage. Several machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, XGBoost, and LightGBM, were evaluated for anomaly detection in EC data. Tree-based models outperformed traditional classifiers, with Random Forest achieving the lowest false alarm rate and XGBoost yielding the highest detection rate. Uncertainty quantification using Conformal Prediction showed that LightGBM had the highest confidence in anomaly prediction. Although the experiments were performed under controlled conditions, the approach demonstrates a relatively promising, low-cost monitoring technique for leakage detection for near-surface monitoring of legacy wells.

二氧化碳和盐水泄漏到环境受体的风险是地质二氧化碳储存的主要问题之一。过去油气活动的遗留井可能位于审查区域内，需要持续监测，以确保它们得到适当密封，以防止流体运移。为了降低环境和财务风险，部署有效的监测系统以早期发现失效井的泄漏是必不可少的。本研究提出了一种具有成本效益的近地面监测包，能够实时监测封堵和废弃井（P& a）。进行了可控的中试规模二氧化碳和水释放实验，以确定P&；A井桩上方近地表渗透区对泄漏最敏感的土壤特性。实现了不同速率和持续时间的多个发布场景，并应用机器学习技术识别泄漏引起的异常数据模式。在测量参数中，土壤电导率（EC）是泄漏最敏感的指标。几种机器学习模型，包括逻辑回归、k近邻、支持向量机、随机森林、XGBoost和LightGBM，用于EC数据的异常检测。基于树的模型优于传统分类器，其中Random Forest实现了最低的误报率，XGBoost产生了最高的检测率。采用保形预测方法进行不确定性量化，结果表明LightGBM异常预测置信度最高。尽管实验是在受控条件下进行的，但该方法证明了一种相对有前途的低成本监测技术，可用于近地面监测遗留井的泄漏检测。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative analysis of states of stress for analyzing fault slip potential 分析断层滑动势的应力状态对比分析

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104493

Kevin L. McCormack , Tom Bratton , Adewale Amosu , Lianjie Huang , David Li , Jeffrey Burghardt , William Ampomah

A key consideration when planning the injection of fluids into the subsurface is the potential for induced seismicity. While avoiding major faults during injection is ideal, a detailed understanding of the fault slip potential of faults at the site enables operators to prevent large seismic events. Induced seismicity forecasting relies on combining fault surface geometries—here, we utilize ant-tracking of three-dimensional seismic images to map faults in the San Juan Basin, New Mexico—and the state of stress, which we evaluate using three distinct models. The fault slip potential is quantified using the Coulomb failure function, which measures proximity to frictional failure, based on the states of stress and fault geometries for both individual faults and a complete fault suite (n = 51). The differences observed across the three stress states are subtle, but the statistical distributions of the Coulomb failure function suggest that uncertainties vary between the models. Notably, our findings reveal that both the linear-elastic approximation and the failure criterion yield similar fault slip potentials. Consequently, the choice of method for determining the state of stress most relevant to a project depends on the specific requirements and context of the project.

在规划向地下注入流体时，一个关键的考虑因素是诱发地震活动的可能性。虽然在注入过程中避免主要断层是理想的，但对现场断层滑动潜力的详细了解使作业者能够防止大型地震事件的发生。诱发地震活动预测依赖于断层表面几何形状的结合——在这里，我们利用三维地震图像的反跟踪来绘制新墨西哥州圣胡安盆地的断层——以及应力状态，我们使用三种不同的模型来评估。通过库仑失效函数（Coulomb failure function）对断层滑动电位进行量化，该函数基于单个断层和完整断层组（n = 51）的应力状态和断层几何形状来测量与摩擦失效的接近程度。在三种应力状态下观察到的差异是微妙的，但库仑破坏函数的统计分布表明，模型之间的不确定性是不同的。值得注意的是，我们的研究结果表明，线弹性近似和破坏准则产生相似的断层滑动势。因此，决定与项目最相关的压力状态的方法的选择取决于项目的具体需求和环境。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of gas permeability and flow behaviour in wellbore cements 井眼水泥中气体渗透性和流动特性的实验研究

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104489

Ali Barati Harooni, Mehran Sohrabi Sedeh, Seyed Amir Farzaneh, Jalal Fahimpour

The injection of CO₂ into underground formations is critical for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery and mitigating climate change through Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects. In these operations, maintaining the integrity of wellbore cement—the primary barrier preventing CO₂ leakage—is essential for the success and safety of both active and abandoned wells. Any compromise in cement integrity could lead to CO₂ leakage, undermining injection efforts and posing serious environmental risks. Therefore, understanding CO₂ flow through wellbore cement is crucial.

This study evaluates the structural characteristics and gas permeability of short-term cured Neat and lightweight cement under simulated bottomhole conditions, representing early-stage exposure to CO₂ after cementing operations. Samples were prepared following optimized API-standard procedures. XRD analysis quantified hydration levels, while CT scans and MICP tests provided insights into cement microstructure and pore size distribution, informing gas flow behavior during permeability testing.

Experimental results showed significant differences between the two cements. Neat cement displayed a uniform, fracture-free matrix with ∼38 % porosity and a mean pore throat radius of 0.041 µm, resulting in low gas permeability (18–21 µD) and particularly low CO₂ permeability due to its higher density and adsorption properties. Lightweight cement, however, exhibited a fractured structure, higher porosity (46 %), and a smaller mean pore throat radius (0.011 µm), leading to much higher gas permeabilities (1.1–1.4 mD).

These findings underscore the importance of cement type and microstructure in controlling CO₂ migration, emphasizing the need for optimized cement designs to ensure long-term well integrity in CCS applications.

通过碳捕集与封存（CCS）项目，向地下地层注入二氧化碳对于提高油气采收率和减缓气候变化至关重要。在这些作业中，保持井筒水泥的完整性（防止CO₂泄漏的主要屏障）对于活动井和废弃井的成功和安全至关重要。水泥完整性的任何破坏都可能导致CO₂泄漏，破坏注入工作，并造成严重的环境风险。因此，了解通过井眼水泥的CO₂流动至关重要。该研究在模拟井底条件下评估了短期固化纯水泥和轻质水泥的结构特征和透气性，代表了固井作业后早期的CO₂暴露。样品按照优化后的api标准程序制备。XRD分析可以量化水化水平，而CT扫描和MICP测试可以深入了解水泥微观结构和孔径分布，从而了解渗透率测试过程中的气体流动行为。实验结果表明，两种胶结物之间存在显著差异。纯水泥呈现出均匀、无裂缝的基质，孔隙度为~ 38%，平均孔喉半径为0.041µm，由于其较高的密度和吸附性能，导致渗透率低（18-21µD），特别是CO 2渗透率低。然而，轻质水泥具有裂缝性结构，孔隙度更高（46%），平均孔喉半径更小（0.011µm），从而具有更高的渗透率（1.1-1.4 mD）。这些发现强调了水泥类型和微观结构在控制CO 2迁移中的重要性，强调了优化水泥设计以确保CCS应用中长期井完整性的必要性。

{"title":"Experimental investigation of gas permeability and flow behaviour in wellbore cements","authors":"Ali Barati Harooni, Mehran Sohrabi Sedeh, Seyed Amir Farzaneh, Jalal Fahimpour","doi":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The injection of CO₂ into underground formations is critical for enhancing hydrocarbon recovery and mitigating climate change through Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects. In these operations, maintaining the integrity of wellbore cement—the primary barrier preventing CO₂ leakage—is essential for the success and safety of both active and abandoned wells. Any compromise in cement integrity could lead to CO₂ leakage, undermining injection efforts and posing serious environmental risks. Therefore, understanding CO₂ flow through wellbore cement is crucial.</div><div>This study evaluates the structural characteristics and gas permeability of short-term cured Neat and lightweight cement under simulated bottomhole conditions, representing early-stage exposure to CO₂ after cementing operations. Samples were prepared following optimized API-standard procedures. XRD analysis quantified hydration levels, while CT scans and MICP tests provided insights into cement microstructure and pore size distribution, informing gas flow behavior during permeability testing.</div><div>Experimental results showed significant differences between the two cements. Neat cement displayed a uniform, fracture-free matrix with ∼38 % porosity and a mean pore throat radius of 0.041 µm, resulting in low gas permeability (18–21 µD) and particularly low CO₂ permeability due to its higher density and adsorption properties. Lightweight cement, however, exhibited a fractured structure, higher porosity (46 %), and a smaller mean pore throat radius (0.011 µm), leading to much higher gas permeabilities (1.1–1.4 mD).</div><div>These findings underscore the importance of cement type and microstructure in controlling CO₂ migration, emphasizing the need for optimized cement designs to ensure long-term well integrity in CCS applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":334,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control","volume":"147 ","pages":"Article 104489"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retraction notice to “Measurement and modeling of nitrogen oxides absorption in a pressurized reactor relevant to CO2 compression and purification process” [International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 100 (2020) 103107] “与CO2压缩和净化过程相关的加压反应器中氮氧化物吸收的测量和建模”的撤回通知[国际温室气体控制学报100 (2020)103107]

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104492

Dunyu Liu , Wei Li , Qian Cheng , Jing Jin , Jun Chen

引用次数: 0