International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control最新文献_第3页

Carbon capture from ArcelorMittal hot briquetted Iron plant using air liquide cryocap™ FG technology – FEED study 使用液态空气cryocap™FG技术从ArcelorMittal热压铁厂捕集碳- FEED研究

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104606

Sebastiano Giardinella , Varun Gopalakrishnan , Vincent Gueret , Lindsey Turney , Vincent Lu , Chris Tovee , David Zybko , Marcelo Andrade , Christopher Harris , Pierre-Philippe Guerif , Timothy Henderson , Anderson Morelato , Bajio Varghese Kaleeckal , Maholy Echeto , Daryl-Lynn Roberts , Kevin OBrien , Hafiz Salih

Steel production is energy and carbon-intensive, currently accounting for around 8% of global final energy demand and contributing approximately 7–10% of global CO₂ emissions from energy use. The main objective of this research project was to execute and complete a Front-End Engineering and Design (FEED) study for a commercial-scale, carbon capture unit to separate 95% of the main process carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions at the ArcelorMittal’s Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI) plant in Portland, Texas. This plant produces 2.0 million metric tonnes of high-quality HBI and emits approximately 1 million tonnes CO₂/yr. The HBI is an ore-based metallic that is used as high-grade feedstock for high-quality steel via an Electric Arc Furnace route. The capture system investigated is a Pressure Swing Adsorption system assisted Cryocap™ FG technology that was developed by Air Liquide. The captured CO₂ will be pipeline grade and will be geologically stored. The scope of this study included the FEED study of the CO₂ capture system including balance-of-plant; business case analysis; life cycle analysis; environmental justice analysis; economic revitalization and job creation outcomes analysis; and workforce readiness plan. As a result of the study, the team developed an understanding of the technical and resource requirements for scaling up this proven capture technology for commercial applications at industrial facilities, as well as assessing economic and jobs impacts of the project retrofit, and providing a framework for redirecting workforce focused on the fossil energy to clean technologies. The final report of the FEED study will be published in https://www.osti.gov/ in 2026 under project number DE-FE0032221.

钢铁生产是能源和碳密集型产业，目前约占全球最终能源需求的8%，约占全球能源使用二氧化碳排放量的7-10%。该研究项目的主要目标是执行并完成一个商业规模的前端工程和设计（FEED）研究，该研究旨在分离安赛乐米塔尔位于德克萨斯州波特兰的热压块铁（HBI）工厂95%的主要过程二氧化碳（CO2）排放。该工厂每年生产200万吨高质量HBI，排放约100万吨二氧化碳。HBI是一种矿基金属，通过电弧炉路线用作优质钢的高级原料。所研究的捕集系统是一种辅助Cryocap™FG技术的变压吸附系统，该技术由液化空气公司开发。捕获的二氧化碳将是管道级的，并将进行地质储存。这项研究的范围包括二氧化碳捕获系统的FEED研究，包括工厂平衡；商业案例分析；生命周期分析；环境正义分析；振兴经济和创造就业成果分析；劳动力准备计划。研究的结果是，该团队了解了将这种成熟的捕集技术扩大到工业设施的商业应用所需的技术和资源需求，并评估了项目改造对经济和就业的影响，并提供了一个框架，将劳动力的重点从化石能源转向清洁技术。FEED研究的最终报告将于2026年发布在https://www.osti.gov/上，项目编号为DE-FE0032221。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative assessment of the economic viability of nuclear-integrated direct air capture systems 核综合直接空气捕获系统经济可行性的比较评估

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104611

Iza G. Lantgios , Hari Mantripragada , Jia Zhou , Sarah Leptinsky , Sally Homsy , Nicolas E. Stauff

Direct air capture (DAC) systems require heat and electricity to operate, which can be supplied by nuclear power plants (NPPs). In this study, the performance and cost of various conceptual nuclear-DAC systems are assessed, and their performance is compared with several non-nuclear options. Three nuclear-DAC systems are considered: (1) a liquid solvent direct air capture (L-DAC) system with heat supplied from natural gas (NG) and electricity supplied by an NPP, (2) an electrified L-DAC system, fully powered by electricity from an NPP, and (3) a solid sorbent direct air capture (S-DAC) system utilizing both heat and electricity generated by an NPP. Two nuclear technologies are considered: a pressurized water reactor and a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. Under the medium conservatism scenario, the levelized cost of direct air capture (LCOD) for these systems range from $310/tCO₂ to $525/tCO₂ with the L-DAC system having an NG heat supply at the lower end of the range, and the electrified L-DAC system and the S-DAC system at the higher end of the range. Coupling with nuclear energy led to a 21 % reduction in LCOD for the L-DAC system with NG heat supply and a 29 % reduction for the S-DAC system when compared to fully NG-powered options. When powering the DAC system with grid electricity, the LCOD is highly dependent on the assumed electricity price and carbon intensity. The nuclear option is the cheaper choice when the price of low-carbon grid electricity exceeds $95/MWh and $45/MWh for the L-DAC and S-DAC systems, respectively.

直接空气捕获（DAC）系统需要热量和电力来运行，这可以由核电站（NPPs）提供。在本研究中，评估了各种概念核dac系统的性能和成本，并将其性能与几种非核方案进行了比较。考虑了三种核dac系统：(1)液体溶剂直接空气捕获（L-DAC）系统，由天然气（NG）提供热量和由核电厂提供电力；(2)电气化L-DAC系统，完全由核电厂提供电力；(3)固体吸附剂直接空气捕获（S-DAC）系统，利用核电厂产生的热量和电力。考虑了两种核技术：压水反应堆和高温气冷反应堆。在中等保守情况下，这些系统的直接空气捕获（LCOD）的平准化成本从310美元/吨二氧化碳到525美元/吨二氧化碳不等，其中L-DAC系统具有NG供热，在范围的低端，电气化L-DAC系统和S-DAC系统在范围的高端。与完全由天然气驱动的系统相比，与核能相结合，采用天然气供暖的L-DAC系统的LCOD降低了21%，S-DAC系统的LCOD降低了29%。当用电网供电给DAC系统供电时，LCOD高度依赖于假设的电价和碳强度。当低碳电网电力的价格分别超过95美元/兆瓦时和45美元/兆瓦时（L-DAC和S-DAC系统）时，核选项是更便宜的选择。

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引用次数: 0

Sensitivity of multiphase flow behaviour to experimental methodology in laboratory core flooding 实验室岩心驱替中多相流动特性对实验方法的敏感性

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104594

Catherine Spurin , Catherine Callas , Takeshi Kurotori , Hamdi A. Tchelepi , Sally M. Benson

Accurately characterizing subsurface multiphase fluid migration and trapping is fundamental to ensuring the reliable design and performance evaluation of geologic carbon or hydrogen storage projects. Laboratory core-flooding experiments are routinely conducted to characterize relative permeability, capillary pressure, and residual trapping for input into field-scale models. Steady-state co-injection is typically used to determine these properties because it yields stable flow conditions and suppresses capillary end effects. However, the extent to which experimental methodology influences the resulting petrophysical parameters remains insufficiently quantified. This study provides a direct comparison between co-injection and single phase injection methodologies for a carbonate rock, examining their impact on trapping efficiency, and the pressure differential used to compute relative permeability. Substantial differences were observed in the trapping efficiency and the influence of heterogeneity on the results for the different injection methods. These findings indicate that experimental methodology influences the flow phenomena observed. Recognizing and quantifying these methodological artefacts offers new opportunities to refine laboratory protocols and to more accurately translate core-scale measurements to field conditions. Moreover, differences between injection strategies may be intentionally leveraged in reservoir operations to enhance residual trapping. This work underscores the need to critically evaluate experimental design in core-flooding studies and highlights its implications for improving storage efficiency.

准确表征地下多相流体的运移和圈闭是确保地质储氢项目可靠设计和性能评估的基础。实验室岩心驱油实验通常用于描述相对渗透率、毛管压力和剩余圈闭，并将其输入到油田规模模型中。稳态共注入通常用于确定这些特性，因为它产生稳定的流动条件并抑制毛细管末端效应。然而，实验方法对所得岩石物性参数的影响程度仍然不够量化。该研究对碳酸盐岩的共注和单相注方法进行了直接比较，考察了它们对圈闭效率的影响，以及用于计算相对渗透率的压差。不同注入方式的捕集效率和非均质性对结果的影响存在较大差异。这些结果表明，实验方法会影响所观察到的流动现象。识别和量化这些方法学上的人工产物为完善实验室方案和更准确地将岩心尺度测量结果转化为现场条件提供了新的机会。此外，在油藏作业中，可以有意地利用不同注入策略之间的差异来提高残余圈闭。这项工作强调了在岩心驱油研究中批判性地评估实验设计的必要性，并强调了其对提高储存效率的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Bridging from hydrocarbon exploration to CO2 storage in the SE Zagros fold belt: 3D structural modeling of the Chamnuri and Halegan anticlines Zagros褶皱带从油气勘探到二氧化碳储存的桥梁：Chamnuri和Halegan背斜的三维结构建模

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104616

Mahdi Najafi, Jaume Vergés, Montserrat Torne

Integrating surface, seismic, and well data, we constructed balanced 2D cross-sections and 3D structural modeling of the Halegan and Chamnuri anticlines in the Zagros fold belt, providing new insights into the transition from gas exploration to CO₂ storage in a mature hydrocarbon basin. Both anticlines are shaped as pop-up detachment folds, creating separate 3D structural closures at the Permian–Triassic reservoir level. They are bounded by a pair of oppositely-verging, late-stage, high-angle (∼50°) thrust faults, rooted in the Ediacaran–Lower Cambrian Salt basal detachment and cut only the flanks, without affecting the reservoir trap. The Halegan anticline maintains a harmonic geometry throughout the sedimentary cover, while the Chamnuri detachment anticline is particularly complex due to decoupling across the Triassic evaporites. A horizontal shift of the Permian–Triassic reservoir crest relative to the surficial levels likely caused the out-of-trap drilling and failure of the Chamnuri-1 gas exploration well. Such geometrical variations should be modeled in three dimensions and considered when planning future exploration or injection wells. We identify this well as a promising candidate for reusing as a geological CO₂ storage site due to its favorable logistical and geological conditions, including existing well infrastructure, proximity to major emission sources, permeable deep reservoir, thick Triassic evaporite seal, 3D structural closure, the possibility of flank injection, and the absence of transmissive faults through the crest. Our workflow is transferable and provides a benchmark analogue for other mature hydrocarbon fold belts worldwide characterized by multiple evaporitic detachment levels transiting towards CO₂ storage sites.

综合地面、地震和井数据，我们构建了Zagros褶皱带Halegan和Chamnuri背斜的平衡二维截面和三维结构模型，为成熟油气盆地从天然气勘探到二氧化碳储存的转变提供了新的见解。这两个背斜都形成了弹出式拆离褶皱，在二叠纪-三叠纪储层形成了独立的三维构造闭包。它们被一对相对接近的晚期高角度（~ 50°）逆冲断层所包围，这些断层根植于埃迪卡拉-下寒武统盐基拆离，只切割了两侧，不影响储层圈闭。Halegan背斜在整个沉积盖层中保持调和几何形状，而Chamnuri拆离背斜由于三叠纪蒸发岩的解耦而特别复杂。Chamnuri-1天然气探井出井失败的原因可能是二叠系-三叠系储层顶相对于地表水平移动所致。这种几何变化应该建立在三维模型中，并在规划未来的勘探或注水井时予以考虑。由于其良好的物流和地质条件，包括现有的井基础设施，靠近主要排放源，可渗透的深层储层，厚的三叠纪蒸发岩密封，三维构造封闭，侧翼注入的可能性，以及没有通过波峰的透射断层，我们认为该井是一个有希望被重复利用的地质CO₂储存地点。我们的工作流程是可转移的，并为世界上其他成熟的烃褶皱带提供了基准模拟，这些褶皱带的特征是多个蒸发剥离水平向CO₂储存地点转移。

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引用次数: 0

pH-equilibrated ocean alkalinization: Mesoscale evaluation of long-term stability ph平衡海洋碱化：长期稳定性的中尺度评价

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104589

Samira Jamali Alamooti , Federico Comazzi , Eleonora Kratter Thaler , Sara Groppelli , Davide Calvi , Guido Raos , Piero Macchi

A new pH-equilibrated ocean alkalinization method was evaluated at the mesoscale level to assess the long-term stability of carbon retained as bicarbonate in seawater. Natural seawater was enriched in bicarbonate by reacting Ca(OH)₂ with CO₂ in natural seawater, adjusted to match ambient pH, and introduced into controlled mesocosms to increase the Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) content by 250 to 1990 µmol C/L above natural levels. The stability of chemical parameters in the mesocosms was monitored over a 76-day period. Under moderate alkalinization (≤1000 µmol C/L of added DIC), >90% of the added inorganic carbon remained stable for nearly two months. In contrast, treatments leading to an aragonite saturation state (Ω_Ar) exceeding 10, exhibited rapid declines in stability due to secondary carbonate precipitation and CO₂ degassing, particularly at high temperatures. While natural seawater salinity and pH did not directly induce instability, they modulated the carbonate saturation state and therefore they must be considered for a correct prediction of the system behavior. Seasonal fluctuations in seawater characteristics, namely salinity, temperature, and pH, were found to influence theoretical Ω_Ar and should be considered for alkalinity dosing and site selection. These findings underscore the importance of assessing real-time, site-specific conditions for effective and safe implementation.

在中尺度水平上，对一种新的ph平衡海洋碱化方法进行了评估，以评估海水中以碳酸氢盐形式保留的碳的长期稳定性。在天然海水中，通过Ca(OH)2与CO2反应富集碳酸氢盐，调节其与环境pH相匹配，并引入可控的介生态系统，使溶解无机碳（DIC）含量比自然水平提高250 ~ 1990µmol C/L。在76天的时间内监测了中生态系统中化学参数的稳定性。在中等碱化条件下（加入DIC≤1000µmol C/L）， 90%的无机碳在近两个月的时间内保持稳定。相比之下，导致文石饱和状态（ΩAr）超过10的处理，由于二次碳酸盐沉淀和二氧化碳脱气，特别是在高温下，稳定性迅速下降。虽然天然海水的盐度和pH值不会直接引起不稳定性，但它们调节了碳酸盐的饱和状态，因此必须考虑它们来正确预测系统的行为。海水特性的季节波动，即盐度、温度和pH值，被发现影响理论ΩAr，应考虑碱度剂量和选址。这些发现强调了评估实时、现场特定条件对于有效和安全实施的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

A decade of progress in understanding and managing legacy well integrity for geologic carbon storage 在了解和管理地质碳储存遗留井完整性方面取得了十年的进展

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104604

Greg Lackey , Timotheus K.T. Wolterbeek , Aaron Cahill , Andrew Cavanagh , Al Moghadam , Jaisree Iyer , Preston Jordan , Rajesh Pawar

This study reviews a decade of research progress in legacy well integrity and risk management for geologic carbon storage (GCS) to commemorate the 20^th anniversary of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s 2005 Special Report on Carbon Capture and Storage. In the past ten years, legacy well research has benefited from global efforts to constrain emissions from abandoned oil and gas wells, a continued focus on well materials performance in the presence of CO₂-rich fluids, and practical experience gained through GCS implementation. Field measurements of abandoned well emissions show that leakage is not universal or catastrophic but forms a continuum of low-to-moderate fluxes that depend on isolation integrity and environmental attenuation. Materials research has constrained the conditions under which Portland cements exhibit self-sealing and non-sealing behaviors, and has identified the impact of geomechanical properties, non-uniform pathway apertures, multi-phase flow, and impurities in the CO₂ stream, on leakage pathways as important new areas for investigation. GCS projects at brownfield sites have inspired the creation of new workflows that integrate various tools and technologies to manage legacy well leakage risks. GCS implementation has also motivated a push towards scenario-based well modeling that directly informs permit applications. These advances inspire new research questions for the coming decade, particularly around the level of legacy well leakage risk that is environmentally acceptable and tolerable to stakeholders when sequestering millions of tonnes of CO₂ annually.

为了纪念政府间气候变化专门委员会2005年《碳捕集与封存特别报告》发表20周年，本研究回顾了地质碳封存（GCS）遗留井完整性和风险管理的十年研究进展。在过去的十年中，全球致力于限制废弃油气井的排放，持续关注富二氧化碳流体存在下的井材料性能，以及通过实施GCS获得的实践经验，使得传统井研究受益匪浅。废弃井排放的现场测量表明，泄漏不是普遍的或灾难性的，而是形成一个低至中等通量的连续体，这取决于隔离完整性和环境衰减。材料研究限制了硅酸盐水泥表现出自密封和非密封行为的条件，并确定了地质力学特性、非均匀通道孔径、多相流和CO2流中的杂质对泄漏路径的影响，作为重要的新研究领域。棕地油田的GCS项目激发了新的工作流程的创建，这些工作流程集成了各种工具和技术，以管理遗留井的泄漏风险。GCS的实施也推动了基于场景的井建模的发展，直接为许可证申请提供信息。这些进步激发了未来十年的新研究问题，特别是在每年封存数百万吨二氧化碳时，环境可接受和利益相关者可容忍的遗留井泄漏风险水平。

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引用次数: 0

Supercritical CO2 induced development of macropores/fractures in coal and associated mineral precipitation 超临界CO2诱导煤中大孔隙/裂缝发育及伴生矿物沉淀

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104614

Yudong Hou , Caiyun Xiao , Wenyu Fu , Wenrui Liu , Yunzhong Jia , Zhaolong Ge

CO₂ sequestration in deep reservoirs provides dual benefits of energy exploitation and reduction of greenhouse gases. In deep coal seams, supercritical CO₂ (SCCO₂) initiates complex physical and geochemical interactions, driving pores/fractures’ evolution, altering reservoir’s permeability and constraining storage security. Micro-CT imaging showed that the volumes of macropores/fractures and minerals in anthracite increased by 95.24% and 83.33%, respectively, after saturation with SCCO₂. The propagation paths of the fractures were dictated by the mineral layers, extending preferentially along weak bedding planes. Concurrently, the dissolution of minerals induced by SCCO₂ generated secondary precipitates on the surfaces of macropores/fractures, consequently enhancing their roughness. These findings confirme a multiscale evolution mechanism in which nanopore dissolution drives the expansion of macropores/fractures, providing theoretical support for CO₂ sequestration in deep coal reservoirs and the synergistic development of coalbed methane.

深层储层中的二氧化碳封存具有能源开发和减少温室气体的双重效益。在深部煤层中，超临界CO2 （SCCO2）引发了复杂的物理和地球化学相互作用，驱动孔隙/裂缝演化，改变储层渗透率，制约储层安全性。显微ct成像结果显示，SCCO2饱和后，无烟煤大孔隙/裂缝体积增大95.24%，矿物体积增大83.33%。裂缝的扩展路径受矿物层的支配，优先沿弱层理面延伸。同时，SCCO2诱导的矿物溶解在大孔/裂缝表面产生次生沉淀，增强了大孔/裂缝表面的粗糙度。研究结果证实了纳米孔隙溶蚀驱动大孔/裂缝扩展的多尺度演化机制，为深部煤储层CO2固存和煤层气协同开发提供了理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

CESAR1 solvent degradation in pilot and laboratory scale 中试和实验室规模下CESAR1溶剂降解研究

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2025.104560

Vanja Buvik , Andreas Grimstvedt , Kai Vernstad , Hanna K. Knuutila , Muhammad Zeeshan , Sundus Akhter , Karen K. Høisæter , Fred Rugenyi , Matthew Campbell

A sample of CESAR1 solvent, aqueous solution of 3 M 2-amino-2-methyl-propanol (AMP) and 1.5 M piperazine, which had been subjected to a series of test campaigns with industrial flue gases was analysed for identified degradation compounds with newly developed analytical techniques. A total of 35 degradation compounds were found in the solvent sample, whereof 14 have not previously been identified in CESAR1 from pilot-scale CO₂ capture operation. Three new major degradation compounds were found among the ten most abundant degradation species. By comparing the quantified solvent amines and degradation compounds with the total concentration of nitrogen in the sample, it was found that all major nitrogen containing degradation compounds are accounted for, and that the nitrogen containing species in the solvent have been identified and quantified within the analytical uncertainty. This contributes to closing one of the major knowledge gaps associated with CO₂ capture operations with the CESAR1 solvent, which is a target of the Horizon Europe project AURORA.

采用新开发的分析技术，对CESAR1溶剂、3 M 2-氨基-2-甲基丙醇（AMP）水溶液和1.5 M哌嗪样品进行了一系列工业烟气测试，以确定降解化合物。在溶剂样品中发现了35种降解化合物，其中14种以前没有在CESAR1中从中试规模的CO2捕获操作中鉴定出来。在10个最丰富的降解物种中发现了3个新的主要降解化合物。通过将定量的溶剂胺和降解化合物与样品中氮的总浓度进行比较，发现所有主要的含氮降解化合物都被考虑在内，并且溶剂中的含氮种类已经在分析不确定度内被识别和定量。这有助于缩小与CESAR1溶剂二氧化碳捕集作业相关的主要知识差距之一，这是地平线欧洲项目AURORA的目标。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-operator biogenic CO2 hub linked with electricity and heat markets 与电力和热能市场相关联的多运营商生物二氧化碳中心

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104586

Jaakko Hyypiä, Hannu Karjunen, Tero Tynjälä

Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) pathways have potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions by replacing fossil raw materials or storing CO₂ for long periods. CCUS of biogenic CO₂ would bring many benefits, but most point sources of such CO₂ are small in scale, and CCUS of biogenic CO₂ would thus require the combining of several CO₂ sources and the creation of CO₂ hubs. These CO₂ hubs would benefit from flexible operation of carbon capture, enabling cost savings by ramping down production during high energy prices or demand. This work aims to minimize the CO₂ cost of a CO₂ hub with a model capable of optimizing the operation with multiple point sources and dynamic energy demand and pricing. The selected case environment consisted of two combined heat and power (CHP) plants and a biogas plant. Relatively high capital costs lead carbon capture plants to operate at high capacity factors, whereas lower investment costs or higher energy prices lead to more flexible operation. Cost savings are achieved through the redistribution of heat production within the district heat network and therefore with a higher utilization rate of existing CHP plants. The results highlight the need for system level studies to include complex interactions between operators, and the findings can be used to inform feasibility assessments of future carbon capture plants and CO₂ hubs.

碳捕获、利用和封存（CCUS）途径有可能通过替代化石原料或长期封存二氧化碳来减少温室气体排放。生物源CO2的CCUS将带来许多好处，但大多数这种CO2的点源规模较小，因此生物源CO2的CCUS将需要将几个CO2源结合起来并创建CO2中心。这些二氧化碳中心将受益于碳捕获的灵活操作，在高能源价格或高需求期间通过降低产量来节省成本。本研究旨在通过一个能够优化多点能源、动态能源需求和定价的模型，将二氧化碳集线器的二氧化碳成本降至最低。所选的案例环境包括两个热电联产厂和一个沼气厂。相对较高的资本成本导致碳捕集厂以高容量系数运行，而较低的投资成本或较高的能源价格则导致更灵活的运行。通过在区域热网内重新分配热量生产，从而提高现有热电联产工厂的利用率，实现了成本节约。研究结果强调了系统级研究的必要性，包括运营商之间的复杂互动，研究结果可用于未来碳捕集厂和二氧化碳中心的可行性评估。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of thermodynamic conditions on techno-economics of megaton-scale carbon sequestration via carbon dioxide hydrates 热力学条件对二氧化碳水合物百万吨级固碳技术经济的影响

IF 5.2 3区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijggc.2026.104569

Awan Bhati, Mark Hamalian, Vaibhav Bahadur

This study is motivated at the development of a novel approach for long-term carbon sequestration as CO₂ hydrates on the seabed (under marine sediments or with artificial sealing). Our approach involves rapid formation of CO₂ hydrate foam, followed by compaction, sealing and disposal of hydrates. Hydrate formation kinetics and the techno-economics depends strongly on the thermodynamic (pressure, temperature) conditions. This study integrates in-house experimental results with a techno-economic model to study the impact of thermodynamic conditions on key techno-economic parameters including sequestration rate, sequestration factor, energetics, scale, cost/ton and initial investment for megaton (MT) projects. Experiments are conducted over a wide pressure-temperature space to quantify formation kinetics and other key technical parameters. Results feed into a techno-economic modeling framework, with the objective of identifying conditions which yield high scale and low cost. Results show that the cost per ton of hydrate formation stays within 17% of the mean cost, over a range of conditions. However, the scale of the sequestration project significantly depends on the conditions; it varied from 3–9 MT/yr. We note that such scales will be typical of future CCS projects. Forming hydrates at close-to liquid CO₂ formation conditions favors sequestration, which is maximized at 9 Mton/yr. With the minimum cost for hydrate formation being 21 $/ton, the total cost for hydrates-based sequestration is between 21–31 $/ton. Importantly, all experiments were conducted with water with sodium chloride levels mimicking seawater. Overall, this study quantifies the costs and tradeoffs associated with scalable hydrate formation; and can enable optimization studies.

这项研究的动机是开发一种新的方法来长期封存二氧化碳，因为二氧化碳在海底（在海洋沉积物下或通过人工密封）水化。我们的方法包括快速形成二氧化碳水合物泡沫，然后压实、密封和处理水合物。水合物形成动力学和技术经济在很大程度上取决于热力学（压力、温度）条件。本研究将内部实验结果与技术经济模型相结合，研究热力学条件对兆吨级项目的关键技术经济参数的影响，包括封存速率、封存因子、能量学、规模、成本/吨和初始投资。实验在很宽的压力-温度空间内进行，以量化地层动力学和其他关键技术参数。结果将输入到技术经济建模框架中，目的是确定产生高规模和低成本的条件。结果表明，在一系列条件下，每吨水合物的成本保持在平均成本的17%以内。然而，封存项目的规模很大程度上取决于条件；从3-9吨/年不等。我们注意到，这种规模将是未来CCS项目的典型特征。在接近液态CO2形成条件下形成水合物有利于封存，在900万吨/年时封存量最大。水合物形成的最低成本为21美元/吨，基于水合物的封存的总成本在21 - 31美元/吨之间。重要的是，所有的实验都是在模拟海水的氯化钠水平的水中进行的。总的来说，本研究量化了与可扩展水合物形成相关的成本和权衡；并且可以进行优化研究。

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