Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.25299/jeee.2023.12284
Novandri Tri Setioputro, Muntar Kosim, Dede Iman Saputra
The development of biomass-based renewable energy has received extra momentum due to the petroleum/coal-based energy crisis and global warming. Vacuum suction gasification is capable of creating combustible, power-generating synthesis gas. In this vacuum suction gasification, palm shells biomass and wood pellets performed better than rice husks. The production of synthetic gas was stable. It ran for 6.5 hours straight for the ability of palm shells and wood pellets to maintain sustainable temperatures in the reactor to maintain the gasification reaction. Rice husk was not suitable for this type of gasification. It did not maintain a suitable temperature for the gasification reaction to perform well. Value of heat losses in the lining of the reactor was large, more than 2,000 watts which might be the factor that prevented the rice husk from running well. Water was sprayed onto biomass at the reactor’s input to increase its hydrogen content. Oil palm shells responded well to this treatment. It produced better syngas output sustainably. The wood pellet was not responded well to water spray. It crumbled into small pieces. Rice husk is not responded well either. Syngas produced by the reactor was burned and used to boil water. In this gasification system, palm shells and wood pellets had apparent heat values of 5.62 kW and 5.41 kW, respectively. The efficiency of palm shells and wood pellets results in performances of 29.20 percent and 29.96 percent, respectively.
{"title":"Investigation of experimental study of biomass performance of wood pellets, palm shells, and rice husk in vacuum pressure gasification system","authors":"Novandri Tri Setioputro, Muntar Kosim, Dede Iman Saputra","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2023.12284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2023.12284","url":null,"abstract":"The development of biomass-based renewable energy has received extra momentum due to the petroleum/coal-based energy crisis and global warming. Vacuum suction gasification is capable of creating combustible, power-generating synthesis gas. In this vacuum suction gasification, palm shells biomass and wood pellets performed better than rice husks. The production of synthetic gas was stable. It ran for 6.5 hours straight for the ability of palm shells and wood pellets to maintain sustainable temperatures in the reactor to maintain the gasification reaction. Rice husk was not suitable for this type of gasification. It did not maintain a suitable temperature for the gasification reaction to perform well. Value of heat losses in the lining of the reactor was large, more than 2,000 watts which might be the factor that prevented the rice husk from running well. Water was sprayed onto biomass at the reactor’s input to increase its hydrogen content. Oil palm shells responded well to this treatment. It produced better syngas output sustainably. The wood pellet was not responded well to water spray. It crumbled into small pieces. Rice husk is not responded well either. Syngas produced by the reactor was burned and used to boil water. In this gasification system, palm shells and wood pellets had apparent heat values of 5.62 kW and 5.41 kW, respectively. The efficiency of palm shells and wood pellets results in performances of 29.20 percent and 29.96 percent, respectively.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47907353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.25299/jeee.2023.10047
A. Yasutra, G. R. Darmawan, Muhammad Rafki
Well integrity failures may arise during the production phase of a well in a field. Those failures could create a Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP), a pressure that is measurable at the wellhead that can not be bled-off. SCP has to be addressed carefully to avoid any uncontrolled fluid flow to other formation or to surface. To maintain SCP value from degrading the other barrier integrity, the pressure threshold should be known and maintained for each annulus in a well. The maximum pressure threshold known as Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure (MAASP). This case study will calculate MAASP from three wells in X field using three known method as outlined in API RP90-2 and ISO 16530-1. API RP 90-2 define two methods in calculation MAASP (known as MAASP – Maximum Allowavle Wellhead Operating Pressure), Simple Derating Method (SDM) and Explicit Derating Method (EDM). The result then compared and evaluted to know the differences, trend of MAASP for each methods, and create a generalization of MAASP/depth for field rule of thumb. For A annulus, the MAASP obtained using API RP90-2 SDM and EDM method is always greater than that obtained using the ISO 16530-1 method. However, for B annulus, the MAASP obtained using the API RP 90-2 SDM method varies, occasionally being greater or less than the ISO 16530-1 method. While in C annulus, the MAASP obtained using the API RP 90-2 SDM and EDM methods is always less than the ISO 16530-1 method. The MAASP/depth generalization will be presented for MAASP ISO 16530-1.
油井完整性故障可能发生在油田油井的生产阶段。这些故障可能会产生持续套管压力（SCP），这种压力在井口是可测量的，无法排出。SCP必须小心处理，以避免任何不受控制的流体流到其他地层或地表。为了保持SCP值不降低其他屏障的完整性，应已知并保持井内每个环空的压力阈值。最大压力阈值称为最大允许环空表面压力（MAASP）。本案例研究将使用API RP90-2和ISO 16530-1中概述的三种已知方法计算X油田三口井的MAASP。API RP 90-2定义了计算MAASP（称为MAASP——最大允许井口工作压力）的两种方法，即简单减额法（SDM）和显式减额方法（EDM）。然后对结果进行比较和评估，以了解每种方法的MAASP的差异和趋势，并创建一个经验法则的MAASP/深度的泛化。对于环空，使用API RP90-2 SDM和EDM方法获得的MAASP总是大于使用ISO 16530-1方法获得的。然而，对于B环空，使用API RP 90-2 SDM方法获得的MAASP变化，有时大于或小于ISO 16530-1方法。在C环空时，使用API RP 90-2 SDM和EDM方法获得的MAASP始终小于ISO 16530-1方法。MAASP/深度概括将针对MAASP ISO 16530-1进行介绍。
{"title":"Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure (MAASP) Standards Calculations Study; a Field Case Study","authors":"A. Yasutra, G. R. Darmawan, Muhammad Rafki","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2023.10047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2023.10047","url":null,"abstract":"Well integrity failures may arise during the production phase of a well in a field. Those failures could create a Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP), a pressure that is measurable at the wellhead that can not be bled-off. SCP has to be addressed carefully to avoid any uncontrolled fluid flow to other formation or to surface. To maintain SCP value from degrading the other barrier integrity, the pressure threshold should be known and maintained for each annulus in a well. The maximum pressure threshold known as Maximum Allowable Annular Surface Pressure (MAASP). \u0000This case study will calculate MAASP from three wells in X field using three known method as outlined in API RP90-2 and ISO 16530-1. API RP 90-2 define two methods in calculation MAASP (known as MAASP – Maximum Allowavle Wellhead Operating Pressure), Simple Derating Method (SDM) and Explicit Derating Method (EDM). \u0000The result then compared and evaluted to know the differences, trend of MAASP for each methods, and create a generalization of MAASP/depth for field rule of thumb. For A annulus, the MAASP obtained using API RP90-2 SDM and EDM method is always greater than that obtained using the ISO 16530-1 method. However, for B annulus, the MAASP obtained using the API RP 90-2 SDM method varies, occasionally being greater or less than the ISO 16530-1 method. While in C annulus, the MAASP obtained using the API RP 90-2 SDM and EDM methods is always less than the ISO 16530-1 method. The MAASP/depth generalization will be presented for MAASP ISO 16530-1.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44376141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.25299/jeee.2022.10649
Peggy Hariwan, Feri Sunaryo, M. Kholil
Energy is vital to Indonesia's economic activities in various sectors. Energy plays an important role in the sustainability of the economic structure, which includes is the manufacturing industry. However, limited natural resources are one of the challenges for policymakers. Although energy conservation policies have been implemented in Indonesia since 1982, their enforcement in the manufacturing industry sector has not been solutive in supporting the development of the manufacturing industry in all regions. This study aims to determine the relationship between the development of energy intensity and economic growth in 26 provinces of Indonesia, using the growth and share analysis method from the data the authors have obtained. The results showed that the paper and printed goods, cement, and non-metallic minerals industries are the sub-sectors with high energy consumption. Then, Riau, DKI Jakarta, and West Java provinces are in the dominant quadrant for economic growth, but their energy intensity is in the low/slow quadrant. This indicates that industries in these three provinces have efficient use of energy.
{"title":"Determining Factors of Energy Intensity in the Manufacturing Industry of Provinces in Indonesia","authors":"Peggy Hariwan, Feri Sunaryo, M. Kholil","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.10649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.10649","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is vital to Indonesia's economic activities in various sectors. Energy plays an important role in the sustainability of the economic structure, which includes is the manufacturing industry. However, limited natural resources are one of the challenges for policymakers. Although energy conservation policies have been implemented in Indonesia since 1982, their enforcement in the manufacturing industry sector has not been solutive in supporting the development of the manufacturing industry in all regions. This study aims to determine the relationship between the development of energy intensity and economic growth in 26 provinces of Indonesia, using the growth and share analysis method from the data the authors have obtained. The results showed that the paper and printed goods, cement, and non-metallic minerals industries are the sub-sectors with high energy consumption. Then, Riau, DKI Jakarta, and West Java provinces are in the dominant quadrant for economic growth, but their energy intensity is in the low/slow quadrant. This indicates that industries in these three provinces have efficient use of energy.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43578627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.25299/jeee.2022.10633
B. Aslam, Hasto Nugroho, Fahriza Mahendra, Rani Kurnia, T. Marhaendrajana, S. Siregar
Optimizing water injection rate distribution in waterflooding operations is a vital reservoir management aspect since water injection capacities may be constrained due to geographic location and facility limitations. Traditionally, numerical grid-based reservoir simulation is used for waterflood performance evaluation and prediction. However, the reservoir simulation approach can be time-consuming and expensive with the vast amount of wells data in mature fields. Capacitance Resistance Model (CRM) has been widely used recently as a data-driven physics-based model for rapid evaluation in waterflood projects. Even though CRM has a smaller computation load than numerical reservoir simulation, large mature fields containing hundreds of wells still pose a challenge for model calibration and optimization. In this study, we propose an alternative solution to improve CRM application in large-scale waterfloods that is particularly suitable for peripheral injection configuration. Our approach attempts to reduce CRM problem size by employing a clustering algorithm to automatically group producer wells with an irregular peripheral pattern. The selection of well groups considers well position and high throughput well (key well). We validate our solution through an application in a mature peripheral waterflood field case in South Sumatra. Based on the case study, we obtained up to 18.2 times increase in computation speed due to parameter reduction, with excellent history match accuracy.
{"title":"Capacitance Resistance Clustered Model for Mature Peripheral Waterflood Performance Prediction & Optimization","authors":"B. Aslam, Hasto Nugroho, Fahriza Mahendra, Rani Kurnia, T. Marhaendrajana, S. Siregar","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.10633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.10633","url":null,"abstract":"Optimizing water injection rate distribution in waterflooding operations is a vital reservoir management aspect since water injection capacities may be constrained due to geographic location and facility limitations. Traditionally, numerical grid-based reservoir simulation is used for waterflood performance evaluation and prediction. However, the reservoir simulation approach can be time-consuming and expensive with the vast amount of wells data in mature fields. \u0000Capacitance Resistance Model (CRM) has been widely used recently as a data-driven physics-based model for rapid evaluation in waterflood projects. Even though CRM has a smaller computation load than numerical reservoir simulation, large mature fields containing hundreds of wells still pose a challenge for model calibration and optimization. In this study, we propose an alternative solution to improve CRM application in large-scale waterfloods that is particularly suitable for peripheral injection configuration. Our approach attempts to reduce CRM problem size by employing a clustering algorithm to automatically group producer wells with an irregular peripheral pattern. The selection of well groups considers well position and high throughput well (key well). We validate our solution through an application in a mature peripheral waterflood field case in South Sumatra. Based on the case study, we obtained up to 18.2 times increase in computation speed due to parameter reduction, with excellent history match accuracy.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44485359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.25299/jeee.2022.10350
M. Samba, Yiqian Li, Shamus
The phenomenon of smuggling is a crime that threatens countries in general. It is considered as a challenge for all countries to overcome this problem. The danger increases when the goods of smuggling are one of the most important natural resources in the country, which is the smuggling of oil or one of the oil derivatives, among which is fuel in a remarkable way. Where the smuggling groups smuggle the fuel across the land borders of south Libya. Given the presence of this crime, we are trying to shed light on it by asking many questions and knowing the position of the Libyan legislator regarding it. Were the solutions that decided useful or not? This paper was written as a result of the suffering suffered by the people in the south of Libya as a result of this crisis. However, the crise has described in general and provided the ideal solution that should be applied in all the countries. The solution was represented full system for the fuel distribution. The system is supported by monitoring sensors, indication sensors, and an artificial neural network system.
{"title":"A Smart Solution for Fuel Smuggling Problem: The Reality and Challenges, Case Study of the Southern Region of Libya .","authors":"M. Samba, Yiqian Li, Shamus","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.10350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.10350","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of smuggling is a crime that threatens countries in general. It is considered as a challenge for all countries to overcome this problem. The danger increases when the goods of smuggling are one of the most important natural resources in the country, which is the smuggling of oil or one of the oil derivatives, among which is fuel in a remarkable way. Where the smuggling groups smuggle the fuel across the land borders of south Libya. Given the presence of this crime, we are trying to shed light on it by asking many questions and knowing the position of the Libyan legislator regarding it. Were the solutions that decided useful or not? This paper was written as a result of the suffering suffered by the people in the south of Libya as a result of this crisis. However, the crise has described in general and provided the ideal solution that should be applied in all the countries. The solution was represented full system for the fuel distribution. The system is supported by monitoring sensors, indication sensors, and an artificial neural network system.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43258247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obtaining the maximum Rate of Penetration (ROP) by optimization drilling parameters is the aim of every drilling engineer. This is because it could save time, reduce cost and minimize drilling problems. However, ROP depends on a lot of parameters which lead to difficulties in its prediction. Therefore, it is necessary and important to investigate a solution predicting ROP with high accuracy to determine the suitable drilling parameters. In this study, a new approach using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been proposed to predict ROP from real – time drilling data of several wells in Nam Rong - Doi Moi field with more than 900 datasets included important parameters such as the weight on bit (WOB), weight of mud (MW), rotary speed (RPM), standpipe pressure (SPP), flow rate (FR), torque (TQ). In the process of training the network, algorithms and the number of neurons in the hidden layer were varied to find the optimal model. The ANN model shows high accuracy when compared to actual ROP, therefore it can be recommended as an effective and suitable method to predict the ROP of other wells in the research area. Besides, base on the proposed ANN model, authors carried out experiments and determind the optimal weight on bit value for the drilling interval from 1800 to 2300 m of wells in Nam Rong Doi Moi field
通过优化钻井参数来获得最大钻速是每个钻井工程师的目标。这是因为它可以节省时间，降低成本，并最大限度地减少钻井问题。然而，ROP依赖于许多参数，这导致其预测困难。因此，研究一种高精度预测ROP的解决方案以确定合适的钻井参数是必要和重要的。在本研究中，提出了一种使用人工神经网络（ANN）的新方法来根据Nam Rong-Doi Moi油田几口井的实时钻井数据预测ROP，900多个数据集包括重要参数，如钻头重量（WOB）、泥浆重量（MW）、转速（RPM）、立管压力（SPP）、流速（FR）、扭矩（TQ）。在训练网络的过程中，通过改变算法和隐藏层中神经元的数量来找到最优模型。与实际ROP相比，神经网络模型具有较高的精度，因此可以作为预测研究区其他井ROP的有效和合适的方法。此外，在所提出的人工神经网络模型的基础上，作者进行了实验，并确定了Nam Rong Doi Moi油田1800至2300 m井段的最佳钻头权值
{"title":"Predicting Rate of Penetration and optimization Weight on bit using Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"T. Nguyen","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.8170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.8170","url":null,"abstract":"Obtaining the maximum Rate of Penetration (ROP) by optimization drilling parameters is the aim of every drilling engineer. This is because it could save time, reduce cost and minimize drilling problems. However, ROP depends on a lot of parameters which lead to difficulties in its prediction. Therefore, it is necessary and important to investigate a solution predicting ROP with high accuracy to determine the suitable drilling parameters. In this study, a new approach using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been proposed to predict ROP from real – time drilling data of several wells in Nam Rong - Doi Moi field with more than 900 datasets included important parameters such as the weight on bit (WOB), weight of mud (MW), rotary speed (RPM), standpipe pressure (SPP), flow rate (FR), torque (TQ). In the process of training the network, algorithms and the number of neurons in the hidden layer were varied to find the optimal model. The ANN model shows high accuracy when compared to actual ROP, therefore it can be recommended as an effective and suitable method to predict the ROP of other wells in the research area. Besides, base on the proposed ANN model, authors carried out experiments and determind the optimal weight on bit value for the drilling interval from 1800 to 2300 m of wells in Nam Rong Doi Moi field","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43714848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. M. Suranto, A. H. Lukmana, R.S.B. Ragil, M. Asy'ari
Indonesia's oil reserves that have been exploited on a large scale are light oil because the recovery technique is much easier than the heavy oil. Generally, heavy oil has a high viscosity compared to light oil. In most cases, to reduce high oil viscosity (greater than 50 cp) using steam injection. Cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) is one of processes that commercially developed by numerous oil company to producing of heavy oil reservoir. The CSS can apply in vertical well or horizontal well. The research of CSS in horizontal well is still limited reported in the literature. On the other hand, the horizontal well has drainage area more wide compared with vertical well. In this study, solvent addition in cyclic steam stimulation will be tested with reservoir simulation. The steam was injected on the well, after that soaking time and the last was producing of liquid fluid reservoir. As the result, the oil production increases 3 times higher compared to without solvent. Furthermore, cumulative steam oil ratio (CSOR) and cumulative energy oil ratio (CEOS) decrease about 50% and 16%, respectively. In here, effect of solvent added in the steam, the steam distribution and drainage area wider.
{"title":"Investigation of Horizontal Well for Cyclic Steam-Solvent Stimulation to Escalate Heavy Oil Production","authors":"A. M. Suranto, A. H. Lukmana, R.S.B. Ragil, M. Asy'ari","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.8130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.8130","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia's oil reserves that have been exploited on a large scale are light oil because the recovery technique is much easier than the heavy oil. Generally, heavy oil has a high viscosity compared to light oil. In most cases, to reduce high oil viscosity (greater than 50 cp) using steam injection. Cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) is one of processes that commercially developed by numerous oil company to producing of heavy oil reservoir. The CSS can apply in vertical well or horizontal well. The research of CSS in horizontal well is still limited reported in the literature. On the other hand, the horizontal well has drainage area more wide compared with vertical well. In this study, solvent addition in cyclic steam stimulation will be tested with reservoir simulation. The steam was injected on the well, after that soaking time and the last was producing of liquid fluid reservoir. As the result, the oil production increases 3 times higher compared to without solvent. Furthermore, cumulative steam oil ratio (CSOR) and cumulative energy oil ratio (CEOS) decrease about 50% and 16%, respectively. In here, effect of solvent added in the steam, the steam distribution and drainage area wider.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49503422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To measure the success of waterflood activities, we need evaluation and analysis. To support evaluation and analysis need to be done assessment of well connectivity to the response of injection wells, performance wells with Hall-plot and Voidage Replacement Ratio, and calculate water breakthrough time with method Buckley-Leverret whether according to the actual field. To examine these required supporting data such as field history, production and injection history, fluid level measurement data. The results of the study showed the well ATH-43 less response (poor response) and the well ATH-37 and ATH-33 gave good response (good response) and gain oil obtained by 8,196 barrels. The hall-plot evaluation showed that the well ATH-04 had no formation/normal damage, and the results of the VRR showed the VRR < 1. The results of the calculation of water breakthrough time calculations with actual show the well experiencing breakthrough earlier than the calculation. (Premature breakthrough).
{"title":"Analyze of Water Injection Performance Surveillance in “ATHENA” Field","authors":"A. Dewi, Firdaus, Deny Fatryanto","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.6356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.6356","url":null,"abstract":"To measure the success of waterflood activities, we need evaluation and analysis. To support evaluation and analysis need to be done assessment of well connectivity to the response of injection wells, performance wells with Hall-plot and Voidage Replacement Ratio, and calculate water breakthrough time with method Buckley-Leverret whether according to the actual field. To examine these required supporting data such as field history, production and injection history, fluid level measurement data. The results of the study showed the well ATH-43 less response (poor response) and the well ATH-37 and ATH-33 gave good response (good response) and gain oil obtained by 8,196 barrels. The hall-plot evaluation showed that the well ATH-04 had no formation/normal damage, and the results of the VRR showed the VRR < 1. The results of the calculation of water breakthrough time calculations with actual show the well experiencing breakthrough earlier than the calculation. (Premature breakthrough). \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48909500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the biggest problems during drilling operation is a stuck pipe in which the drill string would stick or freeze in the well. This challenge leads to a significant amount of remedial costs and time. Many researchers have investigated different factors regarding the stuck pipe. These factors include poor hole cleaning, improper mud design, key seating, balling up of bit, accumulation of cutting and caving, poor bottom hole assembly configuration, differential pressure, etc. (Chamkalani, Pordel Shahri, and Poordad 2013). Since geothermal drilling targets lost circulation zones at reservoir depth, the chance of getting stuck pipe events becomes higher. Many publications reported that lost circulation events that lead to stuck pipe events have become the top non-productive time (NPT) contributor to costs in many geothermal drilling projects. The consequences of a stuck pipe are very costly, that include lost time when releasing the pipe, time and cost of fishing out the parted Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), and efforts to abandon the tool(s) in the hole. Despite many observations that have been done to develop a system in avoiding stuck pipe incidents in oil and gas drilling operations using artificial intelligence (AI), few works have been developed for geothermal drilling operations. In this research, we propose a method to build an early warning system model for stuck pipe conditions based on a Support Vector Machine. Based on the experiment result Support Vector Machine Algorithm showed good performance with 89% accuracy and 81% recall for limited training dataset.
钻井作业中最大的问题之一是钻杆卡钻，钻柱会卡在井中或冻结。这一挑战导致了大量的补救成本和时间。许多研究人员研究了与卡管有关的不同因素。这些因素包括井眼清洁不良、泥浆设计不当、关键座垫、钻头成球、切削和落斜堆积、底部钻具组合配置不良、压差等(Chamkalani, Pordel Shahri, and Poordad 2013)。由于地热钻井的目标是储层深度的失循环区，因此发生卡钻事故的可能性更高。许多出版物报道，在许多地热钻井项目中，导致卡钻的漏失事件已成为造成非生产时间(NPT)成本最高的因素。卡钻的后果是非常昂贵的，包括释放管柱时的时间损失、打捞分离的底部钻具组合(BHA)的时间和成本，以及在井中放弃工具的努力。尽管已经进行了许多观察，以开发一种利用人工智能(AI)避免油气钻井作业中卡管事故的系统，但用于地热钻井作业的工作却很少。在本研究中，我们提出了一种基于支持向量机的卡钻工况预警系统模型的构建方法。实验结果表明，在有限的训练数据集上，支持向量机算法具有89%的准确率和81%的召回率。
{"title":"Stuck Pipe Detection in Geothermal Operation with Support Vector Machine","authors":"S. Sarwono, Lukáš, M. Kartawidjaja, R. Wardana","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.9258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.9258","url":null,"abstract":"One of the biggest problems during drilling operation is a stuck pipe in which the drill string would stick or freeze in the well. This challenge leads to a significant amount of remedial costs and time. Many researchers have investigated different factors regarding the stuck pipe. These factors include poor hole cleaning, improper mud design, key seating, balling up of bit, accumulation of cutting and caving, poor bottom hole assembly configuration, differential pressure, etc. (Chamkalani, Pordel Shahri, and Poordad 2013). Since geothermal drilling targets lost circulation zones at reservoir depth, the chance of getting stuck pipe events becomes higher. Many publications reported that lost circulation events that lead to stuck pipe events have become the top non-productive time (NPT) contributor to costs in many geothermal drilling projects. The consequences of a stuck pipe are very costly, that include lost time when releasing the pipe, time and cost of fishing out the parted Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), and efforts to abandon the tool(s) in the hole. Despite many observations that have been done to develop a system in avoiding stuck pipe incidents in oil and gas drilling operations using artificial intelligence (AI), few works have been developed for geothermal drilling operations. In this research, we propose a method to build an early warning system model for stuck pipe conditions based on a Support Vector Machine. Based on the experiment result Support Vector Machine Algorithm showed good performance with 89% accuracy and 81% recall for limited training dataset.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47184508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lost circulation nowadays became one of the major problems in many drilling operations worldwide. This problem is complicated for it can significantly cause non-productive time during drilling operations. This research aims to study eggshells as a LCM and to provide further insight about the reliability and cost analysis of eggshells as a potential drilling fluid additive. Moreover, the research successfully identified the usage of an abundant natural waste, i.e. eggshells, as an environmentally friendly fluid additive. This research also investigated the technical feasibility of the eggshells and also its economics impact on drilling operations. In addition, it is found that the eggshells can also act as a non-damaging LCM for production zone that is more affordable as compared to other natural waste loss circulation materials and current commercially chemical. Series of laboratory tests were conducted such as mud balance for the density test, rheological test using viscometer Fann Vg, filtration loss test with filter press, and also alkalinity (pH) test. An excellent result from filtration loss test i.e. decreased fluid losses and showed great improvement almost same as commercially CaCO3 result in the filter cake thickness. The research proves great potential of the utilization of eggshells as a multi-purpose additive in a drilling fluid. Economic analysis also suggests that it can possibly be implemented and to be further developed for a large-scale field operations. Finally, it is found that using eggshells as LCM can reduce the cost up to 72.2 % cheaper than commercial CaCO3. It is also safe for drilling in the production zone (pay-zone) because of its solubility on acid that it can disappear during the acidizing job. If this paper can be implemented on a wide-range scale it will be very beneficial to reduce other commercial additives usage without losing its reliability.
{"title":"Eco-Friendly Bridging Material: Experimental Characterization of Eggshells as an Affordable Natural Waste Non-Damaging Lost Circulation Material to Reduce Drilling Fluid Cost in Reservoir Drill-In-Fluid System","authors":"Muhammad Rizqi Al Asy’ari","doi":"10.25299/jeee.2022.9158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/jeee.2022.9158","url":null,"abstract":"Lost circulation nowadays became one of the major problems in many drilling operations worldwide. This problem is complicated for it can significantly cause non-productive time during drilling operations. This research aims to study eggshells as a LCM and to provide further insight about the reliability and cost analysis of eggshells as a potential drilling fluid additive. Moreover, the research successfully identified the usage of an abundant natural waste, i.e. eggshells, as an environmentally friendly fluid additive. This research also investigated the technical feasibility of the eggshells and also its economics impact on drilling operations. In addition, it is found that the eggshells can also act as a non-damaging LCM for production zone that is more affordable as compared to other natural waste loss circulation materials and current commercially chemical. Series of laboratory tests were conducted such as mud balance for the density test, rheological test using viscometer Fann Vg, filtration loss test with filter press, and also alkalinity (pH) test. An excellent result from filtration loss test i.e. decreased fluid losses and showed great improvement almost same as commercially CaCO3 result in the filter cake thickness. The research proves great potential of the utilization of eggshells as a multi-purpose additive in a drilling fluid. Economic analysis also suggests that it can possibly be implemented and to be further developed for a large-scale field operations. Finally, it is found that using eggshells as LCM can reduce the cost up to 72.2 % cheaper than commercial CaCO3. It is also safe for drilling in the production zone (pay-zone) because of its solubility on acid that it can disappear during the acidizing job. If this paper can be implemented on a wide-range scale it will be very beneficial to reduce other commercial additives usage without losing its reliability.","PeriodicalId":33635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Earth Energy Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41914257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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