International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献_第7页

Downward condensation of low-GWP refrigerants in a plate heat exchanger: Thermo-hydraulic-exergy analysis and multi-criteria decision-making optimization 低gwp制冷剂在板式换热器中的向下冷凝：热-水-火用分析和多准则决策优化

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128174

Rajendran Prabakaran, Palanisamy Dhamodharan, Anbalagan Sathishkumar, Ramasamy Dhivagar, Sung Chul Kim

Identifying environmentally friendly refrigerants and understanding their two-phase heat transfer behavior has garnered significant attention, especially with the adoption of highly efficient plate heat exchangers (PHXs). In this study, R290 and two R290-based mixtures—HCM-01 (65% R290 and 35% R1270 by mass) and HYM-01 (35% R290 and 65% R13I1 by mass)—were evaluated as alternatives to R1234yf. Their comparative condensation behavior was analyzed in offset strip PHXs. During the experiments, vapor quality (ranging from 0.2 to 0.9) and mass flux (40–50 kg/m²·s) were varied, while saturation temperature and heat flux were held constant at 45 °C and 6 kW/m², respectively. Initially, condensation mechanisms and flow pattern mapping were conducted using established correlations, revealing forced convective condensation dominance for all refrigerants. However, the transition from bubbly to film flow occurred earlier for R1234yf and HYM-01 (at vapor quality > 0.3–0.4), whereas it was delayed for R290 and HCM-01. Moreover, the peak heat transfer coefficients of R290 and HCM-01 were 25.71–96.73% and 32.03–137.05% higher than that of R1234yf, respectively, while HYM-01 exhibited values 1.81–24.91% lower. On the other hand, R1234yf exhibited significantly lower frictional pressure drops—56.31% and 46.26% lower than R290 and HCM-01, respectively—at higher vapor quality regions. Performance indicators, namely condenser effectiveness and energy performance index (EPI), showed that R1234yf provided superior energy performance, while HCM-01 demonstrated the highest effectiveness. According to the exergy analysis, average exergy destruction in the condenser of R290, HCM-01, and HYM-01 were 1.91%, 1.05%, and 11.02% lower than R1234yf respectively at higher mass fluxes. Finally, a multi-criteria decision-making method was employed to identify the best alternative. Results indicated that assigning the highest weight to the heat transfer coefficient led to the maximum condensation performance index of 0.8497, with HCM-01 emerging as the optimal choice.

识别环保制冷剂并了解其两相传热行为已经引起了人们的极大关注，特别是随着高效板式换热器（phx）的采用。在这项研究中，R290和两种基于R290的混合物——hcm -01 （65% R290和35% R1270的质量）和HYM-01 （35% R290和65% r1311的质量）——被评估为R1234yf的替代品。分析了它们在偏置条形PHXs中的比较冷凝行为。在实验过程中，蒸汽质量（0.2 ~ 0.9）和质量通量（40 ~ 50 kg/m²·s）变化，饱和温度和热流密度分别保持在45℃和6 kW/m²恒定。最初，冷凝机制和流动模式映射使用已建立的相关性进行，揭示了所有制冷剂的强制对流冷凝优势。然而，R1234yf和HYM-01从气泡流过渡到膜流的时间较早（蒸汽质量为0.3-0.4），而R290和HCM-01则较晚。R290和HCM-01的峰值换热系数分别比R1234yf高25.71 ~ 96.73%和32.03 ~ 137.05%，HYM-01的峰值换热系数比R1234yf低1.81 ~ 24.91%。另一方面，在高汽质区，R1234yf的摩擦压降比R290和HCM-01分别低56.31%和46.26%。冷凝器效率和能效指标（EPI）的性能指标显示，R1234yf的能效更优，而HCM-01的能效最高。根据火用分析，在较高质量通量下，R290、HCM-01和HYM-01冷凝器的平均火用破坏分别比R1234yf低1.91%、1.05%和11.02%。最后，采用多准则决策方法确定最佳方案。结果表明：换热系数权重越大，冷凝性能指数越高，为0.8497，最佳选择为HCM-01；

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引用次数: 0

Review of jet impingement boiling heat transfer: mechanisms, influencing parameters and enhancement strategies 射流冲击沸腾换热研究进展：机理、影响参数和增强策略

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128133

Qinhong Chen , Jingzhi Zhou , Jieni Wang , Kai Zhang , Xunfeng Li , Xiulan Huai

Jet impingement boiling cooling technology has shown exceptional promise for thermal management in high-power, high-performance electronic devices, owing to its superior heat transfer efficiency and rapid heat dissipation. This review systematically synthesizes the fundamental principles of jet impingement boiling and critically evaluates the influence mechanisms of key system parameters on thermal performance. Drawing upon over three decades of research, the analysis spans a wide range of working fluids, operating conditions, and geometric configurations. Special attention is given to the synergistic interactions among jet configurations, fluid properties, bubble dynamics, surface conditions, and gravitational effects, particularly in terms of their combined impact on critical heat flux (CHF), heat transfer coefficient (HTC), pressure drop, and temperature uniformity. Furthermore, various heat transfer enhancement strategies—such as surface modifications, nanofluids, hybrid jets and effusion structures—are comparatively analyzed to elucidate their underlying mechanisms and optimization potential. This review aims to provide theoretical insights for the design of advanced thermal management systems in ultra-high heat flux applications, including high-performance microprocessors, laser systems, and energy conversion devices.

射流冲击沸腾冷却技术由于其优越的传热效率和快速散热，在大功率、高性能电子设备的热管理方面显示出非凡的前景。本文系统地综合了射流冲击沸腾的基本原理，批判性地评价了关键系统参数对热性能的影响机制。经过三十多年的研究，该分析涵盖了广泛的工作流体、操作条件和几何构型。特别关注射流构型、流体性质、气泡动力学、表面条件和重力效应之间的协同相互作用，特别是它们对临界热流密度（CHF）、传热系数（HTC）、压降和温度均匀性的综合影响。此外，对表面改性、纳米流体、混合射流和射流结构等多种强化传热策略进行了对比分析，阐明了它们的机理和优化潜力。本文旨在为高性能微处理器、激光系统和能量转换装置等超高热流密度应用中的先进热管理系统的设计提供理论见解。

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引用次数: 0

A numerical simulation of V shaped heat pipe in the PMSM rotor case 永磁同步电机转子壳内V型热管的数值模拟

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128176

Dianzheng Zhuang , Yaohuan Tang , Anding Yang , Yulong Wu , Xinyu Zhang , Xuejun Li , Shouli Zheng

High power density permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSMs) generate significant heat. In the rotor, the risk of permanent magnet demagnetization at high temperatures and poor thermal contact with other components pose substantial cooling challenges. This paper presents a PMSM cooling structure based on V-shaped heat pipes, where the V-shaped heat pipe functions as an important thermal bridge between the rotor and the external environment. We compared several numerical simulation models under various conditions, including different heat pipe angles

θ

, rotational speeds, and operating settings, and performed transient numerical simulations using the VOF model. The simulations revealed that pool boiling phenomena are influenced by rotational speed, with higher speeds moderating the intensity of boiling. To verify the presence of bubbles, microbubble formation was captured using refined mesh. Monitoring of mass transfer and temperature for different heat pipe angles, rotational speeds, and operating conditions showed that the trends can be divided into three time intervals, with each interval exhibiting similar characteristics in mass transfer and temperature variations at the measurement points. Comparative experiments show that increasing the heat pipe angle generally enhances thermal performance while delaying mass transfer. Higher rotational speeds tend to accelerate mass transfer and improve temperature profiles at measurement points. Tests under various operating conditions help isolate external influences and clarify the distinct thermal behaviors of each setting. Furthermore, results indicate that the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat pipe decreases with increasing rotational speed and decreasing pipe angle. The best performance was observed at 8000rpm with a 165°pipe angle, where the minimum equivalent thermal resistance reached 0.96252W/K. Overall, the proposed V-shaped heat pipe design effectively enhances rotor cooling in high power density PMSMs.

高功率密度永磁同步电动机（PMSMs）产生大量热量。在转子中，永磁体在高温下退磁的风险以及与其他部件的不良热接触构成了实质性的冷却挑战。本文提出了一种基于v型热管的永磁同步电机冷却结构，其中v型热管作为转子与外界环境之间的重要热桥梁。在不同热管角度θ、不同转速、不同工况下，采用VOF模型进行了瞬态数值模拟。模拟结果表明，池内沸腾现象受转速的影响，转速越高，沸腾强度越低。为了验证气泡的存在，使用精细网格捕获了微气泡的形成。对不同热管角度、转速和运行条件下的传质和温度的监测表明，其变化趋势可分为三个时间区间，每个时间区间在测点处的传质和温度变化特征相似。对比实验表明，增大热管角度一般能提高热工性能，延缓传质。较高的转速往往会加速质量传递，并改善测量点的温度分布。在各种操作条件下的测试有助于隔离外部影响，并澄清每种设置的不同热行为。结果表明，热管的等效热阻随转速的增加和管角的减小而减小。在8000rpm、165°管角时，当量热阻最小可达0.96252W/K，性能最佳。总体而言，所提出的v型热管设计有效地提高了高功率密度永磁同步电机的转子冷却。

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引用次数: 0

A design method and experimental validation of a novel direct contact recondenser for boil-off gas 一种新型蒸发气体直接接触式再冷凝器的设计方法及实验验证

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128171

Jiachen Cui , Yi He , Hui Han , Zihang Fu , Yuxia Yang , Yuhan Yan , Jiexin Huang , Yuxing Li

At liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving terminals, the recovery and reliquefaction of boil-off gas present a critical technical challenge. A novel boil-off gas (BOG) direct contact recondenser design, which innovatively couples microbubble generation technology with static mixing technology to significantly enhance condensation efficiency, is proposed and experimentally validated in this study. Microbubble visualization experiments indicate that an optimal range for both bubble diameter and jet height is achieved at pressures between 0.7 MPa and 0.8 MPa, providing a crucial basis for designing the gas dispersion section. Concurrently, cryogenic prototype experiments investigate the effects of microbubble behavior and operating parameters on liquefaction performance and device stability. The results show that, within a liquid-to-gas (L/G) ratio range of 6 to 8.6, the unit pressure drop decreases from 0.14 MPa/m to 0.11MPa/m as the ratio is reduced. The volumetric heat transfer coefficients for the gas dispersion and static mixing sections reach maximum values of 12.1 and 94.3 kW/(m³·K), respectively. Notably, at the ratio exceeding 7, the prototype mixing zone achieves thermodynamic equilibrium at the third temperature measurement point, signifying condensation completion. This research demonstrates the substantial potential of the coupled design to improve condensation efficiency and reduce equipment length, offering an efficient, compact, and environmentally friendly solution for BOG recovery in LNG storage and transportation systems.

在液化天然气（LNG）接收站，蒸发气的回收和再液化是一个关键的技术挑战。提出了一种新型的蒸发气（BOG）直接接触式再冷凝器设计方案，将微泡生成技术与静态混合技术相结合，显著提高了冷凝效率。微泡可视化实验表明，在0.7 ~ 0.8 MPa压力范围内，气泡直径和射流高度均达到最佳范围，为气体分散段的设计提供了重要依据。同时，低温原型实验研究了微泡行为和操作参数对液化性能和装置稳定性的影响。结果表明：在液气比（L/G）为6 ~ 8.6的范围内，随着液气比的减小，单位压降从0.14 MPa/m减小到0.11MPa/m；气体分散段和静态混合段的体积换热系数分别达到最大值12.1和94.3 kW/（m³·K）。值得注意的是，当比例超过7时，原型混合区在第三个测温点达到热力学平衡，表明冷凝完成。这项研究证明了耦合设计在提高冷凝效率和缩短设备长度方面的巨大潜力，为LNG储存和运输系统中的BOG回收提供了高效、紧凑和环保的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Heat transfer enhancement of supercritical n-decane in regenerative cooling channel with embedded wavy plate 嵌入波板的超临界正癸烷蓄热通道强化传热研究

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128151

Guolong Xiao, Jiabing Wang, Kun Yang

Regenerative cooling is widely used for thermal management of hypersonic vehicles. In this paper, a novel regenerative cooling channel with embedded wavy plate is proposed for the first time. Numerical simulations are conducted for a traditional smooth channel, a channel with horizontally embedded wavy plate, and a channel with vertically embedded wavy plate. The results show the temperature and velocity distributions, the fluid flow paths, the buoyancy distributions, and the vortex structures. It is found that the channel with vertically embedded wavy plate exhibits superior heat transfer performance, which is determined on the wavelength and the amplitude of the wavy plate. Compared with the traditional smooth channel, the Nusselt number increases by 110 %, the Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC, defined as the Nusselt number ratio divided by the cube root of the friction factor ratio) improves by 43 %, the maximum heated wall temperature decreases by 259.4 K, and temperature uniformity across the heated wall and fluid domain rises by 63.6 % and 41.8 % respectively. The effective suppression of heat transfer deterioration for the channel with embedded wavy plate is revealed. The vortex structures induced by the wavy plate are observed throughout the fluid domain, serving as the primary mechanism for heat transfer enhancement. The finding underscores the promising applications of the wavy plate in thermal management for scramjet engine combustion chambers.

蓄热式冷却被广泛应用于高超声速飞行器的热管理。本文首次提出了一种新型波纹板内嵌式蓄热式冷却通道。对传统光滑通道、水平嵌入波板通道和垂直嵌入波板通道进行了数值模拟。结果显示了温度和速度分布、流体流动路径、浮力分布和涡结构。研究发现，垂直嵌入波板的通道具有较好的换热性能，这与波板的波长和振幅有关。与传统光滑通道相比，Nusselt数增加了110%，性能评价标准（PEC，定义为Nusselt数比除以摩擦因数比的立方根）提高了43%，最大受热壁温度降低了259.4 K，受热壁和流体域的温度均匀性分别提高了63.6%和41.8%。揭示了波纹板嵌入通道对传热恶化的有效抑制作用。在整个流体域中观察到波浪板诱导的涡结构，这是强化传热的主要机制。这一发现强调了波浪板在超燃冲压发动机燃烧室热管理方面的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of contact angle hysteresis on nucleate boiling bubble dynamics and heat transfer 接触角滞后对有核沸腾气泡动力学和传热的影响

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128122

Jia Wei, Zhongxiao Liu, Shuai Gong, Ping Cheng

In this work, we employ a high-fidelity numerical model that integrates microlayer evaporation and contact angle hysteresis to systematically investigate the influence of contact angle hysteresis on bubble dynamics and heat transfer during nucleate boiling. The model is rigorously validated against both analytical solutions and experimental data, showing very good agreement. Notably, comparison with experimental results demonstrates that it not only successfully predicts bubble dynamics, but also accurately captures the transient and local heat transfer characteristics on the heating surface. We explore the evolutions of bubble dynamics, temperature field, wall temperature/heat flux distribution, and microlayer distribution beneath the bubble with high temporal and spatial resolutions. Our results reveal a strong interdependence between bubble dynamics and nucleate boiling heat transfer. Contact angle hysteresis is shown to directly modulate contact line motion, thereby governing microlayer evolution and dictating heat transfer characteristics during nucleate boiling. We provide a quantitative assessment of the contribution of microlayer evaporation to bubble heat transfer. This work highlights the significant role of contact angle hysteresis in nucleate boiling simulations and offers comprehensive insights into its effects on phase change heat transfer processes.

在这项工作中，我们采用了一个集成微层蒸发和接触角滞后的高保真数值模型，系统地研究了接触角滞后对核沸腾过程中气泡动力学和传热的影响。该模型对分析解和实验数据进行了严格的验证，显示出很好的一致性。值得注意的是，与实验结果的对比表明，该方法不仅成功地预测了气泡动力学，而且准确地捕捉了受热面的瞬态和局部传热特性。我们以高时空分辨率研究了气泡动力学、温度场、壁面温度/热流密度分布和气泡下微层分布的演变。我们的结果揭示了气泡动力学和核沸腾传热之间的强烈相互依赖关系。接触角迟滞直接调节接触线运动，从而控制微层的演化和决定核沸腾过程中的传热特性。我们对微层蒸发对气泡传热的贡献进行了定量评估。这项工作突出了接触角滞后在核沸腾模拟中的重要作用，并对其对相变传热过程的影响提供了全面的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation on two-phase frictional pressure drop of saturated liquid nitrogen flow boiling under negative gauge pressure 负表压下饱和液氮沸腾两相摩擦压降的实验研究

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128141

Zuoxia Wang , Yuan Gao , Yulong Li

This study investigates the flow patterns and pressure drop characteristics of liquid nitrogen during flow boiling in a horizontal macro-tube with an internal diameter of 10 mm under negative gauge pressure. Experiments were conducted across an inlet pressure range of 21.4-51.1 kPa, with mass flux varying from 29.7 to 108.8 kg/(m²·s), applied heat flux ranging from 0 to 28.64 kW/m², vapor quality spanning 0.16–1.0 and the liquid-gas density ratio covered 345-774.

This study extends the experimentally investigated liquid-gas density ratio range from below 170 (saturated state at atmospheric/high pressure) to 345–774 (saturated state at low gauge pressure). Analysis of the top and bottom wall temperature demonstrated that annular flow predominated throughout the negative-pressure experimental regime, suggesting that low pressure facilitates the formation of annular flow due to high liquid-gas density ratio. The influences of vapor quality, mass flux, and inlet pressure on frictional pressure drop were systematically examined, and existing predictive correlations for frictional pressure drop were validated against the experimental data.

Notably, the boundary conditions governing flow pattern transitions under low-pressure conditions differ substantially from those at atmospheric or positive gauge pressure. Consequently, predictive correlations developed for atmospheric or high-pressure scenarios are inadequate for forecasting frictional pressure drop during the flow boiling of liquid nitrogen at low pressure. Furthermore, a flow-pattern-based predictive correlation for frictional pressure drop in liquid nitrogen flow boiling is proposed. This newly developed correlation yields a mean absolute error of only 9.67%.

研究了液氮在内径为10mm的水平大管中负表压下流动沸腾过程中的流动规律和压降特性。实验条件为进口压力21.4 ~ 51.1 kPa，质量通量为29.7 ~ 108.8 kg/(m²·s)，热流密度为0 ~ 28.64 kW/m²，蒸汽质量为0.16 ~ 1.0，液气密度比为345774。本研究将实验研究的液气密度比范围从低于170（大气/高压下饱和状态）扩展到345-774（低压下饱和状态）。顶壁和底壁温度分析表明，在整个负压实验过程中，环空流动占主导地位，这表明低压高液气密度比有利于环空流动的形成。系统考察了蒸汽质量、质量通量和进口压力对摩擦压降的影响，并根据实验数据验证了现有的摩擦压降预测相关性。值得注意的是，低压条件下控制流型转变的边界条件与常压或正表压下的边界条件有很大不同。因此，在大气或高压情况下建立的预测相关性不足以预测液氮在低压下流动沸腾过程中的摩擦压降。在此基础上，提出了液氮流动沸腾过程中基于流型的摩擦压降预测关联。这种新建立的相关性产生的平均绝对误差仅为9.67%。

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引用次数: 0

Development of an evaporator-condenser heat exchanger for the super-long gravity heat pipe geothermal systems 超长重力热管地热系统中蒸发器-冷凝器换热器的研制

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128170

Abdullah Hassan , Juanwen Chen , Wenbo Huang , Jiwen Cen , Qasir Iqbal , Fangming Jiang

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger serves as a critical interface between the heat pump and the recently proposed super-long gravity heat pipe (SLGHP) system, designed for deep geothermal heat extraction. Although the SLGHP system offers significant advantages in terms of effectiveness and economic viability by enabling substantial heat transport from the underground source, the limited capacity of the heat exchanger to absorb and transfer this energy effectively results in suboptimal thermal performance. To address this challenge, the present work proposes a heat exchanger designed for two-phase flow, facilitating condensation on the shell-side and evaporation on the tube-side, thereby providing a unified perspective on phase-change heat transfer. This study develops a model to examine various design and operational parameters that influence the internal evaporation/condensation flow regime. Experiment with a previous U-shaped tube bundle configured within a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is taken for the validation of the developed model. The comparison between the model results and experimental data demonstrates good consistency, indicating the model validity. Subsequent analyses reveal that across all configurations of the heat exchanger, the thermal performance peaks at ∼1630 W at 100 % condensation, with the onset of annular flow within the tubes and an achieved evaporation rate of ∼24 %. Once 100 % condensation is achieved on the shell-side, further increasing the tube-side mass flowrate induces a bubble flow regime, yielding only marginal gains. A lower tube count enhances flowrate, significantly boosting both condensation and evaporation, which elevates thermal performance. Conversely, a higher tube count shifts the dominance to tube-side thermal resistance, capping the maximum evaporation at ∼23 % and restricting heat transfer. However, reducing the tube wall thickness below 1 mm carries the risk of entering the dry-out regime, which can adversely affect thermal performance. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing shell-side condensation in conjunction with tube-side evaporation to enhance the overall thermal performance of the SLGHP system.

管壳式换热器是热泵与最近提出的超长重力热管（SLGHP）系统之间的关键接口，该系统专为深层地热提取而设计。尽管SLGHP系统在效率和经济可行性方面具有显著优势，因为它能够从地下源传输大量热量，但热交换器有效吸收和传输这些能量的能力有限，导致热性能不理想。为了解决这一挑战，本工作提出了一种两相流换热器，促进壳侧冷凝和管侧蒸发，从而为相变传热提供了统一的视角。本研究开发了一个模型来检验影响内部蒸发/冷凝流动的各种设计和操作参数。通过在管壳式换热器内配置u型管束的实验，对所建立的模型进行了验证。模型结果与实验数据的对比表明，模型具有较好的一致性，表明了模型的有效性。随后的分析表明，在热交换器的所有配置中，在100%冷凝时，热性能在~ 1630 W时达到峰值，管内开始出现环流，蒸发率达到~ 24%。一旦壳侧达到100%的冷凝，进一步增加管侧的质量流量就会产生气泡流，只会产生边际收益。较低的管数提高了流量，显著促进了冷凝和蒸发，从而提高了热性能。相反，较高的管数将主导作用转移到管侧热阻，将最大蒸发限制在~ 23%，并限制传热。然而，将管壁厚度降低到1毫米以下会带来进入干化状态的风险，这可能会对热性能产生不利影响。这些发现强调了优化壳侧冷凝与管侧蒸发的重要性，以提高SLGHP系统的整体热性能。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic behaviors of ice melting on the vibrating nanosurface via acoustothermal effect 基于声热效应的振动纳米表面冰融化动力学行为

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128135

Man Wang , Xitong Pei , Xingbo Dai , Qiangqiang Sun , Xinyu Wang

The high-frequency vibration is an effective means to produce acoustothermal effect, which can motivate the ice melting. Herein, we investigate dynamic behaviors of ice melting on the vibrating nanosurface via acoustothermal effect using the molecular dynamics simulation. Four situations of ice dynamic behaviors are classified with the increase of the vibration amplitudes (A), i.e., no melting, slowly melting, rapidly melting along with cavity formation and lift-off. During the ice melting, the ice with a hexagonal network structure is melted to amorphous water from the bottom to the top of ice. Variations of temperature and energy of ice/water have similar tendencies, which depend on both the frequency (f) and A. Regime maps of the ice melting time and heat flux transferred to the ice are explored. Results show that the ice melting time reduces and the heat flux transferred to the ice increases at a larger amplitude, indicating the heat transfer between the ice and substrate enhances. At f < 100 GHz, the melting or lift-off appears at a smaller A with the increase of frequency. At f > 100 GHz, a larger A is required with the increase of frequency for lift-off, because a larger difference in synchronicity between the ice and substrate occurs at a large frequency of vibration. This work provides useful rules of ice melting via acoustothermal effect from microcosmic perspective.

高频振动是产生声热效应的有效手段，可以促进冰的融化。本文采用分子动力学模拟的方法，通过声热效应研究了冰在振动纳米表面上的融化动力学行为。随着振动幅值(A)的增大，冰的动力行为分为四种情况，即不融化、缓慢融化、快速融化并形成空腔和上升。在冰融化过程中，具有六边形网状结构的冰从冰的底部到顶部被融化成无定形的水。冰/水的温度和能量的变化也有类似的趋势，这取决于频率(f)和a。研究了冰融化时间和传递给冰的热通量的状态图。结果表明：冰的融化时间缩短，传递给冰的热流密度增加幅度较大，表明冰与基材之间的传热增强；在f <； 100 GHz时，随着频率的增加，熔化或上升出现在较小的a处。在f >； 100 GHz时，随着频率的增加，需要更大的a进行升空，因为在较大的振动频率下，冰与基材之间的同步性差异较大。这项工作从微观角度提供了通过声热效应融化冰的有用规律。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical investigation of internal flow dynamics and heat transfer in injection-driven chamber 喷射驱动腔室内部流动动力学和传热的数值研究

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.128179

Ruipeng Tian , Haibo Huang , Fenghui Lin , Nansheng Liu , Miao Ding

This study employs large-eddy simulation (LES) to investigate the internal flow dynamics and heat transfer characteristics of an injection-driven chamber, serving as an analog for a nozzleless solid rocket motor (SRM). The effects of injection gas temperature (260–3500 K) on near-wall flow behavior are systematically examined. The results reveal the spatial evolution of the flow field through laminar, transitional, and fully developed turbulent regimes, showing that higher injection temperatures accelerate the onset of flow transition. Distinct hairpin vortices emerge in outer-layer regions, while near-wall vortex shedding dominates the wall shear stress and heat flux, producing pronounced periodic oscillations. Premultiplied power spectral density and two-point correlation analyses demonstrate strong spatiotemporal coupling between wall shear stress and heat flux at low-to-moderate injection temperatures (260–1500 K), with their characteristic frequencies increasing with temperature, whereas no distinct characteristic frequency is observed at higher temperatures (e.g., at 2500 K). FIK decomposition indicates that pressure gradients and convective transport primarily contribute to skin friction in laminar regions, whereas turbulent convection becomes dominant in the turbulent regime. Additionally, linear relationships are established between cross-flow velocity and both wall shear stress and heat flux. These findings elucidate the coupled mechanisms of turbulence and thermal transport under injection-driven conditions, offering valuable insights for modeling erosive burning in large-aspect-ratio SRMs.

本研究采用大涡模拟（LES）技术研究了喷射驱动燃烧室的内部流动动力学和传热特性，并对无喷嘴固体火箭发动机（SRM）进行了模拟。系统地研究了注入气体温度（260 ~ 3500k）对近壁流动行为的影响。研究结果揭示了流场在层流、过渡和完全发展的湍流状态下的空间演化，表明较高的注入温度加速了流动转变的发生。在外层区域出现明显的发夹涡，而近壁涡脱落主导了壁面剪切应力和热流，产生明显的周期性振荡。预倍功率谱密度和两点相关分析表明，在低至中等注入温度（260-1500 K）下，壁面剪切应力和热流之间存在强烈的时空耦合，其特征频率随温度升高而增加，而在较高温度（例如2500 K）下，没有观察到明显的特征频率。FIK分解表明，压力梯度和对流输送对层流区表层摩擦起主要作用，而湍流区以湍流对流为主。此外，横流速度与壁面剪应力和热流密度均建立了线性关系。这些发现阐明了喷射驱动条件下湍流和热输运的耦合机制，为模拟大展弦比srm中的侵蚀燃烧提供了有价值的见解。

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