International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献_第6页

Modified prediction models for heat and mass transfer characteristics of packed bed at low Reynolds numbers: Incorporating thermophysical property change and particle breakage effect 低雷诺数充填床传热传质特性的修正预测模型：考虑热物性变化和颗粒破碎效应

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128377

Mouhao Wang , Shanshan Bu , Bing Zhou , Baoping Gong , Qiang Lian , Zhenzhong Li , Penghui Zhang , Deqi Chen , Qiuwang Wang

Traditional correlations for predicting flow, heat, and mass transfer exhibit significant deviations at low particle Reynolds numbers (

R e_{p}

∼ 1), primarily due to neglected thermophysical property changes and particle breakage. Continuing our previous work on crushed particle packed beds, this study first evaluates commonly used prediction models based on particle breakage experiments and pore-scale simulations of packed beds with varying crushed fractions (0∼15%). It is found that, in the prediction of resistance pressure drop characteristics, when the particle Reynolds number exceeds 0.5, the relative deviation of traditional correlations from pore-scale simulation results can exceed 30%. For convective heat and mass transfer characteristics, classical correlations show large deviations under low Reynolds numbers, with the average prediction deviation of up to 6 times. To address these issues, the paper novelly introduced correction factors (

ξ_{f}

,

ξ_{h}

and

ζ_{h}

,

ξ_{m}

and

ζ_{m}

) considering thermophysical property changes. For intact particle packed beds, the modified models significantly improved prediction accuracy at low Reynolds numbers. The average relative deviations for resistance pressure drop, convective heat transfer, and convective mass transfer characteristics were reduced to 1.5%, 1.8%, and 2.7% respectively. Moreover, by incorporating the crushed fraction into the correction factors, prediction models for crushed particle packed beds with different crushed fractions were constructed. The average prediction deviations for resistance pressure drop, convective heat transfer, and convective mass transfer in these beds were 1.5%, 5.4%, and 3.0% respectively. Practically, the modified models identify a tolerable crushed fraction range (<10%) where heat and mass transfer efficiency could be enhanced by up to 75% while pressure drop remains controllable below 35%, providing quantitative guidance for system maintenance and operational optimization.

预测流动、热和传质的传统关联在低颗粒雷诺数（Rep ~ 1）下表现出显著偏差，主要是由于忽略了热物理性质变化和颗粒破裂。继续我们之前对破碎颗粒充填床的研究，本研究首先评估了基于颗粒破碎实验和不同破碎分数（0 ~ 15%）充填床孔隙尺度模拟的常用预测模型。研究发现，在阻力压降特性的预测中，当颗粒雷诺数超过0.5时，传统关联与孔隙尺度模拟结果的相对偏差可超过30%。对于对流传热传质特性，在低雷诺数条件下，经典相关性存在较大偏差，平均预测偏差可达6倍。为了解决这些问题，本文新颖地引入了考虑热物性变化的修正因子（ξf、ξh和ζh、ξm和ζm）。对于完整的颗粒充填层，修正后的模型显著提高了低雷诺数下的预测精度。阻力压降、对流换热和对流传质特性的平均相对偏差分别减小至1.5%、1.8%和2.7%。在此基础上，将破碎组分纳入修正因子，建立了不同破碎组分破碎颗粒充填床的预测模型。床层阻力压降、对流换热和对流传质的平均预测偏差分别为1.5%、5.4%和3.0%。实际上，修正后的模型确定了一个可容忍的破碎分数范围（<10%），在此范围内，传热传质效率可提高75%，而压降可控制在35%以下，为系统维护和运行优化提供了定量指导。

{"title":"Modified prediction models for heat and mass transfer characteristics of packed bed at low Reynolds numbers: Incorporating thermophysical property change and particle breakage effect","authors":"Mouhao Wang , Shanshan Bu , Bing Zhou , Baoping Gong , Qiang Lian , Zhenzhong Li , Penghui Zhang , Deqi Chen , Qiuwang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128377","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128377","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional correlations for predicting flow, heat, and mass transfer exhibit significant deviations at low particle Reynolds numbers (<span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></mrow></math></span> ∼ 1), primarily due to neglected thermophysical property changes and particle breakage. Continuing our previous work on crushed particle packed beds, this study first evaluates commonly used prediction models based on particle breakage experiments and pore-scale simulations of packed beds with varying crushed fractions (0∼15%). It is found that, in the prediction of resistance pressure drop characteristics, when the particle Reynolds number exceeds 0.5, the relative deviation of traditional correlations from pore-scale simulation results can exceed 30%. For convective heat and mass transfer characteristics, classical correlations show large deviations under low Reynolds numbers, with the average prediction deviation of up to 6 times. To address these issues, the paper novelly introduced correction factors (<span><math><msub><mi>ξ</mi><mi>f</mi></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mi>ξ</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>ζ</mi><mi>h</mi></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mi>ξ</mi><mi>m</mi></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>ζ</mi><mi>m</mi></msub></math></span>) considering thermophysical property changes. For intact particle packed beds, the modified models significantly improved prediction accuracy at low Reynolds numbers. The average relative deviations for resistance pressure drop, convective heat transfer, and convective mass transfer characteristics were reduced to 1.5%, 1.8%, and 2.7% respectively. Moreover, by incorporating the crushed fraction into the correction factors, prediction models for crushed particle packed beds with different crushed fractions were constructed. The average prediction deviations for resistance pressure drop, convective heat transfer, and convective mass transfer in these beds were 1.5%, 5.4%, and 3.0% respectively. Practically, the modified models identify a tolerable crushed fraction range (<10%) where heat and mass transfer efficiency could be enhanced by up to 75% while pressure drop remains controllable below 35%, providing quantitative guidance for system maintenance and operational optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental and theoretical investigation of drying characteristics of manganese sulfate monohydrate with a fluidized bed dryer 流化床干燥机干燥一水硫酸锰特性的实验与理论研究

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128382

Min-Gyu Ham , Yeon-Gyu Lim , Jun-Ho Im , Jin-Sik Kim , Chul-U Bak , Kyaw Thu , Young-Deuk Kim

Manganese sulfate monohydrate, a key cathode material for secondary batteries, must be dried to an appropriate moisture content after the hydrometallurgical process in battery recycling. In this study, a fluidized bed dryer was developed for drying moisturized manganese sulfate monohydrate, and its drying characteristics were investigated. Detailed theoretical investigations demonstrated the drying mechanism by considering drying characteristics such as constant- and falling-rate drying, including the effects of pressure on water vapor diffusivity. Experimental investigations were conducted on key operating parameters such as humidity ratio, pressure, temperature, and superficial velocity of dry air using a vertically designed fluidized bed dryer. The drying mechanism was analyzed based on the physical and thermal properties, confirming that manganese sulfate monohydrate is nonporous. In addition, the critical moisture content of manganese sulfate monohydrate was approximately 4 wt% (for the constant-rate drying period), and its equilibrium moisture content ranged from 0.10 to 0.66 wt% (for the falling-rate drying period) under specific operating air conditions. The operating parameters affected the vapor pressure difference and water vapor diffusivity, and their variations significantly reduced the constant-rate drying time. Notably, the effect of the operating parameters was negligible during the falling-rate drying period because the mass-transfer resistance within the particles was dominant. The experimental results were in good agreement with the developed numerical model, with a coefficient of determination (R²) greater than 0.993. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of fluidized bed drying for recovering valuable resources for secondary battery recycling, thereby contributing to global research demand.

一水硫酸锰是二次电池的关键正极材料，在电池回收过程中，必须经过湿法冶金工艺干燥到适当的水分含量。本文研制了一种干燥湿润一水硫酸锰的流化床干燥机，并对其干燥特性进行了研究。详细的理论研究通过考虑干燥特性，如恒速干燥和降速干燥，包括压力对水蒸气扩散率的影响，证明了干燥机理。采用垂直设计的流化床干燥机，对干燥空气的湿度比、压力、温度和表面速度等关键运行参数进行了实验研究。根据物理和热性能分析了干燥机理，证实了一水硫酸锰的无孔性。此外，在特定的操作空气条件下，一水硫酸锰的临界水分含量约为4 wt%（用于恒速干燥期），其平衡水分含量范围为0.10至0.66 wt%（用于降速干燥期）。操作参数影响蒸汽压差和水蒸气扩散系数，它们的变化显著缩短了恒速干燥时间。值得注意的是，在降速干燥期间，操作参数的影响可以忽略不计，因为颗粒内部的传质阻力占主导地位。实验结果与所建立的数值模型吻合较好，决定系数（R2）大于0.993。这些发现证明了流化床干燥回收二次电池有价值资源的可行性，从而为全球研究需求做出了贡献。

{"title":"Experimental and theoretical investigation of drying characteristics of manganese sulfate monohydrate with a fluidized bed dryer","authors":"Min-Gyu Ham , Yeon-Gyu Lim , Jun-Ho Im , Jin-Sik Kim , Chul-U Bak , Kyaw Thu , Young-Deuk Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manganese sulfate monohydrate, a key cathode material for secondary batteries, must be dried to an appropriate moisture content after the hydrometallurgical process in battery recycling. In this study, a fluidized bed dryer was developed for drying moisturized manganese sulfate monohydrate, and its drying characteristics were investigated. Detailed theoretical investigations demonstrated the drying mechanism by considering drying characteristics such as constant- and falling-rate drying, including the effects of pressure on water vapor diffusivity. Experimental investigations were conducted on key operating parameters such as humidity ratio, pressure, temperature, and superficial velocity of dry air using a vertically designed fluidized bed dryer. The drying mechanism was analyzed based on the physical and thermal properties, confirming that manganese sulfate monohydrate is nonporous. In addition, the critical moisture content of manganese sulfate monohydrate was approximately 4 wt% (for the constant-rate drying period), and its equilibrium moisture content ranged from 0.10 to 0.66 wt% (for the falling-rate drying period) under specific operating air conditions. The operating parameters affected the vapor pressure difference and water vapor diffusivity, and their variations significantly reduced the constant-rate drying time. Notably, the effect of the operating parameters was negligible during the falling-rate drying period because the mass-transfer resistance within the particles was dominant. The experimental results were in good agreement with the developed numerical model, with a coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>) greater than 0.993. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of fluidized bed drying for recovering valuable resources for secondary battery recycling, thereby contributing to global research demand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128382"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A numerical methodology for full-field estimation of microstructure size and mechanical properties during alloy solidification 合金凝固过程中微观组织尺寸和力学性能的全场估计数值方法

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128352

Alok Kumar , Abhishek Rajput , Arvind Kumar

Improvement of as-solidified material properties requires control and understanding of parameters governing the solidification process; in particular, capturing the full-field evolution of local solidification time, composition, and transport phenomena across the solidifying domain is critical to establish a direct link between the local solidification characteristics and the final microstructure and material properties. In this article, we modelled the alloy solidification process from the integrated computational materials engineering perspective. The full-field evolution of key solidification parameters, namely the local solidification time, cooling rate, and resulting composition, microstructure and material properties, is investigated across the domain. For this, a transient numerical solver is developed in OpenFOAM® that integrates the alloy solidification model with the empirical microstructure and material properties models. Empirical models for microstructure (Primary dendritic arm spacing, Secondary dendritic arm spacing) and material properties (Yield strength, Ultimate tensile strength, Shear strength, Fatigue strength, Hardness) require input data such as the local solidification time, cooling rate and compositions. The evolution of thermal, flow, solid fraction and solute segregation fields, along with the final as-solidified composition predicted by the validated transient numerical solver, provides these key inputs. The results reveal strong spatial variations in the solidification parameters, the solidified composition and the derived properties across the casting domain. The cooling rate is maximum near the chill and decreases with increasing distance before rising again toward the end. Consequently, Primary dendritic arm spacing and Secondary dendritic arm spacing exhibit the inverse trend, with finer dendritic spacings near the chill and coarser structures toward the center, which directly translate into mechanical heterogeneities consistent with experimentally reported ranges. The formation of channel segregates introduces sharp mesoscale heterogeneities in solute composition, dendritic arm spacing and properties. Overall, the developed full-field framework enables quantitative prediction of local and global variations in as-solidified microstructure and mechanical properties, thereby establishing a direct process–structure–property link that forms a basis for horizontal integrated computational materials engineering with downstream manufacturing processes such as forging, rolling, and homogenization.

改善凝固状态下的材料性能需要控制和理解控制凝固过程的参数；特别是，捕捉局部凝固时间、成分和整个凝固域内输运现象的全场演变，对于建立局部凝固特征与最终微观结构和材料性能之间的直接联系至关重要。本文从综合计算材料工程的角度对合金凝固过程进行了建模。研究了关键凝固参数的全场演变，即局部凝固时间、冷却速度以及由此产生的成分、显微组织和材料性能。为此，在OpenFOAM®中开发了一种瞬态数值求解器，将合金凝固模型与经验显微组织和材料性能模型相结合。微观结构（初级枝晶臂间距、次级枝晶臂间距）和材料性能（屈服强度、极限抗拉强度、剪切强度、疲劳强度、硬度）的经验模型需要输入诸如局部凝固时间、冷却速度和成分等数据。热场、流动场、固相分数场和溶质偏析场的演变，以及通过验证的瞬态数值求解器预测的最终凝固成分，提供了这些关键输入。结果表明，凝固参数、凝固成分和衍生性能在整个铸造领域存在明显的空间变化。冷却速率在冷点附近最大，随着距离的增加而减小，然后在接近终点时再次上升。因此，初生枝晶臂间距和次生枝晶臂间距呈现相反的趋势，靠近冷点的枝晶间距更细，靠近中心的枝晶结构更粗，这直接转化为与实验报道范围一致的机械非均质性。沟道偏析的形成在溶质组成、枝晶臂间距和性质上引入了明显的中尺度非均质性。总体而言，开发的全领域框架能够定量预测局部和全局固化微观结构和机械性能的变化，从而建立直接的工艺-结构-性能联系，为与下游制造工艺（如锻造、轧制和均质化）相结合的水平集成计算材料工程奠定基础。

{"title":"A numerical methodology for full-field estimation of microstructure size and mechanical properties during alloy solidification","authors":"Alok Kumar , Abhishek Rajput , Arvind Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improvement of as-solidified material properties requires control and understanding of parameters governing the solidification process; in particular, capturing the full-field evolution of local solidification time, composition, and transport phenomena across the solidifying domain is critical to establish a direct link between the local solidification characteristics and the final microstructure and material properties. In this article, we modelled the alloy solidification process from the integrated computational materials engineering perspective. The full-field evolution of key solidification parameters, namely the local solidification time, cooling rate, and resulting composition, microstructure and material properties, is investigated across the domain. For this, a transient numerical solver is developed in OpenFOAM® that integrates the alloy solidification model with the empirical microstructure and material properties models. Empirical models for microstructure (Primary dendritic arm spacing, Secondary dendritic arm spacing) and material properties (Yield strength, Ultimate tensile strength, Shear strength, Fatigue strength, Hardness) require input data such as the local solidification time, cooling rate and compositions. The evolution of thermal, flow, solid fraction and solute segregation fields, along with the final as-solidified composition predicted by the validated transient numerical solver, provides these key inputs. The results reveal strong spatial variations in the solidification parameters, the solidified composition and the derived properties across the casting domain. The cooling rate is maximum near the chill and decreases with increasing distance before rising again toward the end. Consequently, Primary dendritic arm spacing and Secondary dendritic arm spacing exhibit the inverse trend, with finer dendritic spacings near the chill and coarser structures toward the center, which directly translate into mechanical heterogeneities consistent with experimentally reported ranges. The formation of channel segregates introduces sharp mesoscale heterogeneities in solute composition, dendritic arm spacing and properties. Overall, the developed full-field framework enables quantitative prediction of local and global variations in as-solidified microstructure and mechanical properties, thereby establishing a direct process–structure–property link that forms a basis for horizontal integrated computational materials engineering with downstream manufacturing processes such as forging, rolling, and homogenization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128352"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic investigation on the conjugate heat and mass transfer in removing indoor CO2 using hollow fiber membrane contactor 中空纤维膜接触器去除室内CO2共轭传热传质机理研究

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128384

Chuanshuai Dong, Zhiqiang Xu, Jun Yuan, Lizhi Zhang

Excessive indoor CO₂ levels pose significant risks to human health and cognitive performance. A hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) is proposed for the efficient indoor CO₂ removal due to its simple structure and compactness, scalability and modularity, and no carryover of absorbent droplets. Unlike prior models focusing on high-concentration CO₂ streams, this study develops a novel conjugate heat and mass transfer model specifically for low-concentration indoor CO₂ absorption (1000–4000 ppm), integrating both physical and chemical reaction terms. The theoretical model is well validated using the analytical solution of f_sRe_s, the well-known Nusselt number for the fully developed flow in the circular tube, and a series of experimental data. After that, the effect of gas flow rate, packing fractions and patterns, and the temperature of the liquid absorbent on the friction factors, f, Sherwood numbers, Sh, and Nusselt numbers, Nu, in the membrane module is investigated in detail. Key novel findings include (1) reducing the longitudinal fiber pitch is significantly more effective in enhancing heat and mass transfer than reducing the transverse pitch, providing a new design guideline; (2) a simplified NTU model and generalized correlations for f, Sh, and Nu, are established for the first time for scalable module design under natural boundary conditions. This theoretical model would provide valuable guidance in further understanding the conjugate heat and mass transfer in indoor CO₂ removal process.

室内二氧化碳浓度过高对人类健康和认知能力构成重大风险。提出了一种中空纤维膜接触器（HFMC），由于其结构简单、紧凑、可扩展性和模块化，并且不携带吸收液滴，用于室内CO2的高效去除。与先前的模型专注于高浓度二氧化碳流不同，本研究开发了一种新的共轭传热传质模型，专门针对低浓度室内二氧化碳吸收（1000-4000 ppm），整合了物理和化学反应项。利用fsRes的解析解、圆管内充分发展流动的著名努塞尔数和一系列实验数据，对理论模型进行了很好的验证。在此基础上，详细研究了气体流速、填料分数和形式、液体吸收剂温度对膜组件摩擦系数f、Sherwood数Sh和Nusselt数Nu的影响。主要新发现包括：(1)减小纤维纵向节距比减小纤维横向节距更有效地增强传热传质，提供了新的设计准则；(2)首次建立了自然边界条件下可伸缩模块设计的简化NTU模型和f、Sh、Nu的广义相关性。该理论模型将为进一步认识室内CO2脱除过程的共轭传热传质提供有价值的指导。

{"title":"Mechanistic investigation on the conjugate heat and mass transfer in removing indoor CO2 using hollow fiber membrane contactor","authors":"Chuanshuai Dong, Zhiqiang Xu, Jun Yuan, Lizhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive indoor CO<sub>2</sub> levels pose significant risks to human health and cognitive performance. A hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) is proposed for the efficient indoor CO<sub>2</sub> removal due to its simple structure and compactness, scalability and modularity, and no carryover of absorbent droplets. Unlike prior models focusing on high-concentration CO<sub>2</sub> streams, this study develops a novel conjugate heat and mass transfer model specifically for low-concentration indoor CO<sub>2</sub> absorption (1000–4000 ppm), integrating both physical and chemical reaction terms. The theoretical model is well validated using the analytical solution of <em>f</em><sub>s</sub><em>Re</em><sub>s</sub>, the well-known Nusselt number for the fully developed flow in the circular tube, and a series of experimental data. After that, the effect of gas flow rate, packing fractions and patterns, and the temperature of the liquid absorbent on the friction factors, <em>f</em>, Sherwood numbers, <em>Sh</em>, and Nusselt numbers, <em>Nu</em>, in the membrane module is investigated in detail. Key novel findings include (1) reducing the longitudinal fiber pitch is significantly more effective in enhancing heat and mass transfer than reducing the transverse pitch, providing a new design guideline; (2) a simplified <em>NTU</em> model and generalized correlations for <em>f, Sh</em>, and <em>Nu</em>, are established for the first time for scalable module design under natural boundary conditions. This theoretical model would provide valuable guidance in further understanding the conjugate heat and mass transfer in indoor CO<sub>2</sub> removal process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128384"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metal foam and topological fin structures for heat release process enhancement in phase change materials: Numerical and optimization studies 相变材料中用于热释放过程增强的金属泡沫和拓扑翅片结构：数值和优化研究

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128372

Xinyu Huang , Zilong Song , Youruo Wu , Jiayi Gao , Jiao Wang , Xiaohu Yang

This study investigates a horizontal phase change energy storage unit enhanced in heat transfer by integrating topological fins and metal foam (MF). This study employed numerical simulation to systematically investigate the effects of different fin configurations and MF parameters on the solidification behavior of phase change materials (PCMs). Various composite reinforced structures were compared, with a focus on their solidification time, total heat release, and heat release rate. The study also specifically evaluated the practical conditions of incomplete heat emission. Results indicate that increasing the volume of topological fins leads to greater low-temperature PCM heterogeneity. Conversely, reducing the filter radius results in more uniform and efficient heat extraction from the PCM domain to the tube wall. However, when MF volume is substantial, low-volume topological fins do not effectively distribute cooling energy from the source. Furthermore, the PCM region in the outer annulus limits the effectiveness of MF when used alone for synergistic heat transfer enhancement. Among all tested configurations, Case 4 (3% MF volume, filter radius 0.2, 20 PPI) achieves the shortest solidification time and highest heat release rate. This configuration reduces solidification time by 28.27% and increases average heat release rate by 39.14% compared to Case 1 (5% MF volume). Subsequent optimization using the Taguchi method reveals that variations in fin and MF volume most strongly influence average heat release rate and solidification time, while the interaction between topological filter radius and MF pore density is also significant. Notably, the Taguchi-optimized configuration further improves heat release rate and reduces total solidification time, confirming the benefit of combined parameter optimization.

本文研究了一种集成了拓扑翅片和金属泡沫（MF）的横向相变储能装置。本文采用数值模拟的方法，系统研究了不同翅片构型和MF参数对相变材料凝固行为的影响。对不同的复合材料增强结构进行了比较，重点研究了它们的凝固时间、总放热量和放热速率。并对不完全放热的实际工况进行了具体评价。结果表明，增加拓扑翅片的体积会导致相变材料的低温非均匀性增大。相反，减小过滤半径可以更均匀、更有效地将热量从PCM域提取到管壁。然而，当中频体积较大时，小体积的拓扑翅片不能有效地分配来自热源的冷却能量。此外，外环的PCM区域限制了MF单独用于协同传热增强时的有效性。在所有测试配置中，Case 4 （3% MF体积，过滤半径0.2,20 PPI）的凝固时间最短，放热率最高。与情形1 （5% MF体积）相比，这种结构使凝固时间缩短了28.27%，平均放热率提高了39.14%。随后使用Taguchi方法进行优化，发现翅片和MF体积的变化对平均放热速率和凝固时间的影响最大，而拓扑过滤半径与MF孔密度之间的相互作用也很显著。值得注意的是，taguchi优化的结构进一步提高了放热率，缩短了总凝固时间，证实了组合参数优化的好处。

{"title":"Metal foam and topological fin structures for heat release process enhancement in phase change materials: Numerical and optimization studies","authors":"Xinyu Huang , Zilong Song , Youruo Wu , Jiayi Gao , Jiao Wang , Xiaohu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates a horizontal phase change energy storage unit enhanced in heat transfer by integrating topological fins and metal foam (MF). This study employed numerical simulation to systematically investigate the effects of different fin configurations and MF parameters on the solidification behavior of phase change materials (PCMs). Various composite reinforced structures were compared, with a focus on their solidification time, total heat release, and heat release rate. The study also specifically evaluated the practical conditions of incomplete heat emission. Results indicate that increasing the volume of topological fins leads to greater low-temperature PCM heterogeneity. Conversely, reducing the filter radius results in more uniform and efficient heat extraction from the PCM domain to the tube wall. However, when MF volume is substantial, low-volume topological fins do not effectively distribute cooling energy from the source. Furthermore, the PCM region in the outer annulus limits the effectiveness of MF when used alone for synergistic heat transfer enhancement. Among all tested configurations, Case 4 (3% MF volume, filter radius 0.2, 20 PPI) achieves the shortest solidification time and highest heat release rate. This configuration reduces solidification time by 28.27% and increases average heat release rate by 39.14% compared to Case 1 (5% MF volume). Subsequent optimization using the Taguchi method reveals that variations in fin and MF volume most strongly influence average heat release rate and solidification time, while the interaction between topological filter radius and MF pore density is also significant. Notably, the Taguchi-optimized configuration further improves heat release rate and reduces total solidification time, confirming the benefit of combined parameter optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128372"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification and underlying mechanisms of dual-regime heat transfer deterioration for supercritical-pressurized n-decane 超临界加压正癸烷双态传热劣化的识别及其潜在机制

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128388

Dongxia Dang , Yuan Wang , Jun Liu

For aerospace cooling systems using supercritical hydrocarbon fuels in horizontal, asymmetrically heated channels, analyses of heat transfer deterioration have focused on buoyancy, with insufficient attention given to thermal acceleration effects. To address the gap, the investigation systematically examines the heat transfer mechanisms of buoyancy force and thermal acceleration in a horizontal square channel. Through numerical simulation of supercritical n-decane at 3 MPa under bottom-wall heating conditions, the research identifies and characterizes dual-regime heat transfer deterioration occurring at a heat flux to mass flux ratio of 1.4 kJ/kg. The results demonstrate that the primary deterioration mechanism proximal to the channel entrance originates from the laminar flow and the development of thermal boundary layer, whereas the secondary deterioration regime is fundamentally governed by thermal acceleration effects. In the primary deterioration, a particularly significant finding reveals buoyancy-induced early flow transition at Reynolds numbers of 900–1000, with growing vortex structures. Additionally, when wall temperature surpasses the pseudo-critical temperature while bulk temperature remains sub-pseudo-critical temperature, thermal acceleration induces comprehensive redistribution of turbulent shear stress. Subsequently, heat transfer recovery emerges through synergistic interactions between fluid density reduction and specific heat enhancement near the pseudo-critical temperature. The outcomes reveal the comprehensive mechanisms of thermal acceleration-driven deterioration in horizontal channel geometries, providing critical insights for advancing thermal management system design in aerospace engineering applications.

对于在水平非对称加热通道中使用超临界碳氢燃料的航空航天冷却系统，对传热恶化的分析主要集中在浮力上，而对热加速效应的关注不足。为了解决这一差距，本研究系统地研究了水平方形通道中浮力和热加速度的传热机制。通过对超临界正癸烷在3 MPa下底壁加热条件下的数值模拟，识别并表征了热流比为1.4 kJ/kg时发生的双态换热恶化。结果表明：通道入口附近的初级变质机制源于层流和热边界层的发育，而次级变质机制主要受热加速效应支配。在初级退化中，一个特别重要的发现揭示了在雷诺数为900-1000时，浮力引起的早期流动转变，伴随着不断增长的涡结构。此外，当壁面温度超过拟临界温度，而体温保持在亚拟临界温度时，热加速度引起湍流剪应力的全面重分布。随后，在拟临界温度附近，通过流体密度降低和比热增强之间的协同作用，传热恢复出现。研究结果揭示了水平通道几何形状中热加速度驱动劣化的综合机制，为推进航空航天工程应用中的热管理系统设计提供了重要见解。

{"title":"Identification and underlying mechanisms of dual-regime heat transfer deterioration for supercritical-pressurized n-decane","authors":"Dongxia Dang , Yuan Wang , Jun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128388","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128388","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For aerospace cooling systems using supercritical hydrocarbon fuels in horizontal, asymmetrically heated channels, analyses of heat transfer deterioration have focused on buoyancy, with insufficient attention given to thermal acceleration effects. To address the gap, the investigation systematically examines the heat transfer mechanisms of buoyancy force and thermal acceleration in a horizontal square channel. Through numerical simulation of supercritical n-decane at 3 MPa under bottom-wall heating conditions, the research identifies and characterizes dual-regime heat transfer deterioration occurring at a heat flux to mass flux ratio of 1.4 kJ/kg. The results demonstrate that the primary deterioration mechanism proximal to the channel entrance originates from the laminar flow and the development of thermal boundary layer, whereas the secondary deterioration regime is fundamentally governed by thermal acceleration effects. In the primary deterioration, a particularly significant finding reveals buoyancy-induced early flow transition at Reynolds numbers of 900–1000, with growing vortex structures. Additionally, when wall temperature surpasses the pseudo-critical temperature while bulk temperature remains sub-pseudo-critical temperature, thermal acceleration induces comprehensive redistribution of turbulent shear stress. Subsequently, heat transfer recovery emerges through synergistic interactions between fluid density reduction and specific heat enhancement near the pseudo-critical temperature. The outcomes reveal the comprehensive mechanisms of thermal acceleration-driven deterioration in horizontal channel geometries, providing critical insights for advancing thermal management system design in aerospace engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128388"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-temperature model from state-specific data for Hydrogen/Helium mixture in high-enthalpy flows 基于状态数据的高焓流氢/氦混合物多温度模型

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128376

Gianpiero Colonna , Louis Walpot , Davide Ninni , Francesco Bonelli , Giuseppe Pascazio , Lucia Daniela Pietanza , Annarita Laricchiuta

The paper presents a multi-temperature model for H₂/He mixture derived from the state-to-state kinetics. Electronically excited states have been included in the model as separate pseudo-species. The theoretical approach on the reduction of a state-specific model to multi-temperature kinetic is described in detail in the Supplementary Material, reporting also analytical fits. The model has been verified against state-to-state calculations in 0D approximation, demonstrating a good degree of accuracy. The verification has also been performed investigating the hypersonic flow past a two-dimensional capsule entering in Uranus atmosphere.

从状态-状态动力学出发，建立了H2/He混合物的多温度模型。电子激发态作为单独的伪种被包括在模型中。在补充材料中详细描述了将状态特定模型还原为多温度动力学的理论方法，并报告了分析拟合。该模型已在0 - d近似状态对状态计算中进行了验证，显示出良好的精度。对进入天王星大气层的二维太空舱的高超音速气流进行了验证。

引用次数: 0

Modeling of the effective thermal conductivity of composites containing spherical monomers and dimer particles 含球形单体和二聚体颗粒复合材料有效导热系数的建模

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128380

Chuan-Yong Zhu , Jia Wei , Xiao-Dong Wu , Liang Gong

Particle-reinforced composites (PRCs) are widely used in electronic thermal management, energy conversion, and thermal protection. Yet, most models for predicting their effective thermal conductivity (ETC) assume uniformly dispersed, non-interacting spherical particles, overlooking the heat transfer enhancement facilitated by the presence of dimer particles (formed by two overlapping spheres). In this work, a three-dimensional composite structure containing both spherical monomers and dimer particles is established to systematically investigate the effects of the overlap ratio between the two spheres forming a dimer, the volume fraction of dimer particles, and their alignment angle on the ETC of PRCs. Numerical results show that when λ_p/λ_m >>1 and a moderate overlap ratio (γ≈0.2), dimer particles significantly enhance the ETC, yielding improvements of 12.67% at a volume fraction of 10% and 22.06% at a volume fraction of 20% compared to the configuration with only spherical monomers. The orientation of dimer particles plays a decisive role in governing the ETC. At a particle volume fraction of 10%, full alignment parallel to imposed temperature gradient increases the ETC by 26.72% relative to the random orientation, whereas perpendicular alignment results in an 13.24% decrease. Based on these findings, a geometry-dependent shape factor A is introduced into the Lewis-Nielsen model, enabling accurate prediction of composites reinforced by dimer particles with errors within 2.7%. This model is further extended to mixed configurations containing both dimer particles and spherical monomers via a “two-step homogenization” approach. This study quantitatively reveals the interplay between dimer particles and macroscopic heat conduction, and provides a directly applicable theoretical tool for the structural design and performance optimization of PRCs.

颗粒增强复合材料在电子热管理、能量转换和热防护等方面有着广泛的应用。然而，大多数预测其有效导热系数（ETC）的模型假设均匀分散，不相互作用的球形颗粒，忽略了二聚体颗粒（由两个重叠的球体形成）的存在促进了传热的增强。本文建立了一个包含球形单体和二聚体粒子的三维复合结构，系统地研究了形成二聚体的两个球体之间的重叠比、二聚体粒子的体积分数和它们的取向角对prc的ETC的影响。数值结果表明，当λp/λm >；>；1和适当的重叠比（γ≈0.2）时，二聚体颗粒显著提高了ETC，在体积分数为10%时，与仅含球形单体的构型相比，收率提高了12.67%，在体积分数为20%时，收率提高了22.06%。二聚体粒子的取向对ETC的控制起决定性作用。当颗粒体积分数为10%时，与施加温度梯度平行的完全排列比随机排列使ETC增加26.72%，而垂直排列使ETC减少13.24%。基于这些发现，Lewis-Nielsen模型中引入了与几何相关的形状因子a，使二聚体颗粒增强复合材料的准确预测误差在2.7%以内。该模型通过“两步均质”方法进一步扩展到包含二聚体粒子和球形单体的混合构型。本研究定量揭示了二聚体粒子与宏观热传导之间的相互作用，为prc的结构设计和性能优化提供了直接适用的理论工具。

{"title":"Modeling of the effective thermal conductivity of composites containing spherical monomers and dimer particles","authors":"Chuan-Yong Zhu , Jia Wei , Xiao-Dong Wu , Liang Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128380","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle-reinforced composites (PRCs) are widely used in electronic thermal management, energy conversion, and thermal protection. Yet, most models for predicting their effective thermal conductivity (ETC) assume uniformly dispersed, non-interacting spherical particles, overlooking the heat transfer enhancement facilitated by the presence of dimer particles (formed by two overlapping spheres). In this work, a three-dimensional composite structure containing both spherical monomers and dimer particles is established to systematically investigate the effects of the overlap ratio between the two spheres forming a dimer, the volume fraction of dimer particles, and their alignment angle on the ETC of PRCs. Numerical results show that when <em>λ</em><sub>p</sub>/<em>λ</em><sub>m</sub> >>1 and a moderate overlap ratio (<em>γ</em>≈0.2), dimer particles significantly enhance the ETC, yielding improvements of 12.67% at a volume fraction of 10% and 22.06% at a volume fraction of 20% compared to the configuration with only spherical monomers. The orientation of dimer particles plays a decisive role in governing the ETC. At a particle volume fraction of 10%, full alignment parallel to imposed temperature gradient increases the ETC by 26.72% relative to the random orientation, whereas perpendicular alignment results in an 13.24% decrease. Based on these findings, a geometry-dependent shape factor <em>A</em> is introduced into the Lewis-Nielsen model, enabling accurate prediction of composites reinforced by dimer particles with errors within 2.7%. This model is further extended to mixed configurations containing both dimer particles and spherical monomers via a “two-step homogenization” approach. This study quantitatively reveals the interplay between dimer particles and macroscopic heat conduction, and provides a directly applicable theoretical tool for the structural design and performance optimization of PRCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128380"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scalable and durable dual-layer radiative cooling paint using a spray-coating method 可扩展和耐用的双层辐射冷却涂料采用喷涂方法

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128365

Junbo Jung , Yongsik Ham , Jaehyun Lim , Junyong Seo , Siwon Yoon , Bong Jae Lee , Joong Bae Kim

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) offers a sustainable solution for reducing space cooling energy demand. However, achieving high cooling performance alongside scalability and durability remains a key challenge in PDRC. In this study, we propose a scalable and durable dual-layer radiative cooling paint (DRCP), composed of a bottom PDMS/TiO₂ layer and a top PDMS/Al₂O₃ layer, fabricated using a spray-coating method. The particle size and layer thickness were determined via Monte Carlo simulations based on Mie scattering theory to maximize solar reflectance across the entire solar spectrum. The fabricated DRCP achieved a solar-weighted reflectance of 91.7% and an average emissivity of 95.9%, resulting in a peak subambient cooling temperature of

-

3.2 °C under 1060 W/m

^{2}

solar irradiance. Thermal durability was confirmed through 40 thermal cycles and a 30-day outdoor exposure test; over 99.7% of the initial solar-weighted reflectance was restored after water rinsing. EnergyPlus simulations demonstrated annual cooling energy savings of up to 44.6 GJ in hot desert climates. These findings highlight the potential of DRCP as a scalable, durable, and energy-efficient PDRC solution for real-world applications.

被动日间辐射冷却（PDRC）为减少空间冷却能源需求提供了一种可持续的解决方案。然而，实现高冷却性能以及可扩展性和耐用性仍然是PDRC的关键挑战。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种可扩展和耐用的双层辐射冷却涂料（DRCP），由底部PDMS/TiO2层和顶部PDMS/Al2O3层组成，采用喷涂方法制备。通过基于Mie散射理论的蒙特卡罗模拟确定颗粒大小和层厚，以最大化整个太阳光谱的太阳反射率。制备的DRCP的太阳加权反射率为91.7%，平均发射率为95.9%，在1060 W/m2太阳辐照度下，亚环境冷却温度峰值为- 3.2℃。通过40个热循环和30天的室外暴露试验，确认了热耐久性；经水冲洗后，原始太阳加权反射率恢复到99.7%以上。EnergyPlus模拟显示，在炎热的沙漠气候下，每年可节省高达44.6 GJ的冷却能源。这些发现突出了DRCP作为可扩展、耐用和节能的PDRC解决方案在实际应用中的潜力。

{"title":"Scalable and durable dual-layer radiative cooling paint using a spray-coating method","authors":"Junbo Jung , Yongsik Ham , Jaehyun Lim , Junyong Seo , Siwon Yoon , Bong Jae Lee , Joong Bae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) offers a sustainable solution for reducing space cooling energy demand. However, achieving high cooling performance alongside scalability and durability remains a key challenge in PDRC. In this study, we propose a scalable and durable dual-layer radiative cooling paint (DRCP), composed of a bottom PDMS/TiO<sub>2</sub> layer and a top PDMS/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> layer, fabricated using a spray-coating method. The particle size and layer thickness were determined via Monte Carlo simulations based on Mie scattering theory to maximize solar reflectance across the entire solar spectrum. The fabricated DRCP achieved a solar-weighted reflectance of 91.7% and an average emissivity of 95.9%, resulting in a peak subambient cooling temperature of <span><math><mo>−</mo></math></span>3.2 °C under 1060 W/m<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> solar irradiance. Thermal durability was confirmed through 40 thermal cycles and a 30-day outdoor exposure test; over 99.7% of the initial solar-weighted reflectance was restored after water rinsing. EnergyPlus simulations demonstrated annual cooling energy savings of up to 44.6 GJ in hot desert climates. These findings highlight the potential of DRCP as a scalable, durable, and energy-efficient PDRC solution for real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128365"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nonreciprocal thermal emitter operating in main solar wavelength range with 0.2 T magnetic fields 工作在主太阳波长范围内的非互易热发射器，磁场为0.2 T

IF 5.8 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128383

Jimin Fang , Jiaqi Zou , Wei Chen , Xiaoqiang Sun , Daming Zhang

Most nonreciprocal thermal emitters operate in the mid-infrared wavelengths. To meet the requirements of solar cell applications, it is extremely desirable for nonreciprocal behavior to occur within the main solar wavelength range. In this paper, a nonreciprocal thermal emitter composed of (Si/SiO₂)⁶/InAs/GaAs/Al is suggested. At the magnetic field strength of 0.2 T and optical wavelength of 802.866 nm, the absorptivity and emissivity are 99.98 % and 4.26 %, respectively. The nonreciprocity exceeds 95.23 %. The electric field distributions prove the nonreciprocity in the magnetophotonic crystal originates from the excitation of asymmetric Tamm plasmons. As the defect layer thickness increases, the nonreciprocity gradually decrease and shift slightly toward longer wavelengths. As the incident angles increases from 25° to 30°, the absorptivity, emissivity, and nonreciprocity shift toward shorter wavelengths. The coupled-mode theory further reveals the physical mechanism. By the mode competition between the Tamm plasmons and the Fabry-Pérot cavity mode, the magnitude modulation of nonreciprocity surpasses 92 %. The nonreciprocal thermal emitter operates in the main solar wavelength range is promising for energy harvesting and solar cell applications.

大多数非互易热辐射体工作在中红外波长。为了满足太阳能电池应用的要求，在主太阳波长范围内发生非互反行为是非常可取的。本文提出了一种由（Si/SiO2）6/InAs/GaAs/Al组成的非倒易热发射体。在磁场强度为0.2 T、光波长为802.866 nm时，材料的吸收率为99.98%，发射率为4.26%。非互易性超过95.23%。电场分布证明了磁光子晶体中的非互易性来源于不对称Tamm等离子激元的激发。随着缺陷层厚度的增加，非互易性逐渐减小，并向较长波方向偏移。当入射角从25°增加到30°时，吸收率、发射率和非互易性向短波方向移动。耦合模式理论进一步揭示了物理机制。通过Tamm等离激子与fabry - p腔模式之间的模式竞争，非互易的幅度调制超过92%。在太阳主波长范围内工作的非互反热发射器在能量收集和太阳能电池应用方面具有广阔的前景。

{"title":"Nonreciprocal thermal emitter operating in main solar wavelength range with 0.2 T magnetic fields","authors":"Jimin Fang , Jiaqi Zou , Wei Chen , Xiaoqiang Sun , Daming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2026.128383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most nonreciprocal thermal emitters operate in the mid-infrared wavelengths. To meet the requirements of solar cell applications, it is extremely desirable for nonreciprocal behavior to occur within the main solar wavelength range. In this paper, a nonreciprocal thermal emitter composed of (Si/SiO<sub>2</sub>)<sup>6</sup>/InAs/GaAs/Al is suggested. At the magnetic field strength of 0.2 T and optical wavelength of 802.866 nm, the absorptivity and emissivity are 99.98 % and 4.26 %, respectively. The nonreciprocity exceeds 95.23 %. The electric field distributions prove the nonreciprocity in the magnetophotonic crystal originates from the excitation of asymmetric Tamm plasmons. As the defect layer thickness increases, the nonreciprocity gradually decrease and shift slightly toward longer wavelengths. As the incident angles increases from 25° to 30°, the absorptivity, emissivity, and nonreciprocity shift toward shorter wavelengths. The coupled-mode theory further reveals the physical mechanism. By the mode competition between the Tamm plasmons and the Fabry-Pérot cavity mode, the magnitude modulation of nonreciprocity surpasses 92 %. The nonreciprocal thermal emitter operates in the main solar wavelength range is promising for energy harvesting and solar cell applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 128383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0