International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer最新文献

英文中文

Numerical study on heat and mass transfer characteristics of hot water-induced hydrate dissociation

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126776

Zuliang Shao , Guicheng He , He Liu , Qibin Lin , Lei Sun , Yulong Zhao , Liuke Huang

Natural gas hydrate (NGH) has been regarded as one of the most potential alternative energy sources in the 21st century. Thermal stimulation has been regarded as an effective method to recover gas from NGH reservoir. In this paper, a one-dimensional model which considers the reformation of NGH was built to simulate hydrate dissociation by hot water injection. The results indicate that, NGH reformation occurs within a short distance ahead of the dissociation front where exists a suitable thermodynamic environment that can accommodate NGH stably. The gas recovery from NGH can be divided into four stages: no gas production at the first stage, and then the gas production rate increases at a sharp rate to the peak followed by a slow decrease, it will decrease rapidly to zero at the last stage. The water production rapidly increases to its peak in the first few days and then fluctuates around the speed of hot water injection influenced by gas-liquid two phases flow. The dissociation front moves forward almost at a constant rate during the process of hot water injection and the whole model can be divided into four sections. The dissociation front moves faster with the increase of the speeds or the temperatures of hot water injection and it is mainly influenced by the hot water injection speed rather than hot water injection temperature. The Energy efficiency ratios (EERs) are 5.90 and 5.02 as the hot water injection speed is 1 m³/day, temperatures are 30 °C and 50 °C, respectively while their production efficiencies (PEs) are very low. By contrast, the EER is 4.66, but the PE improves significantly with hot water injection speed of 2 m³/day, temperature of 50 °C. Thus, to improve the EER and PE, it is suggested to exploit NGH by injecting hot water with relatively higher speed and lower temperature.

{"title":"Numerical study on heat and mass transfer characteristics of hot water-induced hydrate dissociation","authors":"Zuliang Shao , Guicheng He , He Liu , Qibin Lin , Lei Sun , Yulong Zhao , Liuke Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural gas hydrate (NGH) has been regarded as one of the most potential alternative energy sources in the 21st century. Thermal stimulation has been regarded as an effective method to recover gas from NGH reservoir. In this paper, a one-dimensional model which considers the reformation of NGH was built to simulate hydrate dissociation by hot water injection. The results indicate that, NGH reformation occurs within a short distance ahead of the dissociation front where exists a suitable thermodynamic environment that can accommodate NGH stably. The gas recovery from NGH can be divided into four stages: no gas production at the first stage, and then the gas production rate increases at a sharp rate to the peak followed by a slow decrease, it will decrease rapidly to zero at the last stage. The water production rapidly increases to its peak in the first few days and then fluctuates around the speed of hot water injection influenced by gas-liquid two phases flow. The dissociation front moves forward almost at a constant rate during the process of hot water injection and the whole model can be divided into four sections. The dissociation front moves faster with the increase of the speeds or the temperatures of hot water injection and it is mainly influenced by the hot water injection speed rather than hot water injection temperature. The Energy efficiency ratios (EERs) are 5.90 and 5.02 as the hot water injection speed is 1 m<sup>3</sup>/day, temperatures are 30 °C and 50 °C, respectively while their production efficiencies (PEs) are very low. By contrast, the EER is 4.66, but the PE improves significantly with hot water injection speed of 2 m<sup>3</sup>/day, temperature of 50 °C. Thus, to improve the EER and PE, it is suggested to exploit NGH by injecting hot water with relatively higher speed and lower temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126776"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal conductivity of compressed SiO2 nanoglasses. A molecular dynamics study

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126761

Anton Hul , Pawel Keblinski , Tomasz K. Pietrzak

Nanoglasses synthesized by consolidating amorphous nanoparticles under pressure may exhibit significantly altered properties, for example greatly improved ductility, as compared to pressure-treated bulk glasses of the same composition. In this work, using molecular dynamics simulations, we examined the relationship between thermal transport and pressure treatment parameters of silica nanoglasses. Surprisingly, within 8 and 16 GPa pressure treatment, the studied nanoglasses exhibit higher thermal conductivity than bulk glasses subjected to the same pressure protocols, despite the fact that they still have porosity. Our results indicate that overall nanoglass density is the primary factor determining the thermal conductivity while the porosity and other atomic/microstructural details do not have a negative effect on thermal transport. Our study demonstrate that such nanomaterials belong to a class of materials whose thermal properties can be tuned by engineering their microstructure with particle size and – mostly – high-pressure treatment.

引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation for the effects of nozzle geometry and engine thrust on vacuum plume radiation characteristics

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126765

Yatao Chen, Bijiao He, Lihui Liu, Zeyang Xiao, Huiyan Weng, Guobiao Cai

Chemical engines are commonly used for spacecraft attitude and orbit control, where high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust expands into the vacuum, generating a plume-like flow field, known as the vacuum plume. The vacuum plume contains abundant gases with radiation capability, such as H₂O and CO₂. The radiation characteristics of the vacuum plume depend on critical engine design parameters, such as combustion chamber thermal properties, nozzle expansion ratio, and outlet expansion angle. This study investigates the effects of nozzle geometry and engine thrust on plume radiation characteristics, using the coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (CFD-DSMC) method for flow field simulation and the Backward Monte Carlo Method (BMCM) for infrared radiation analysis. The results demonstrate that reducing the expansion ratio increases both pressure and temperature at the nozzle outlet, thereby increasing the infrared radiation intensity of the vacuum plume. In contrast, expanding the nozzle outlet angle enhances shock wave dispersion near the lip, ultimately decreasing radiation intensity. For the truncated nozzle, a reduction in outlet diameter leads to a lower expansion ratio but a larger outlet expansion angle. Therefore, due to the complex interaction between expansion ratio and angle, the infrared radiation intensity initially decreases and then increases as the truncated nozzle outlet diameter decreases. Moreover, the results indicated that higher thrust leads to an increase in radiation intensity, as expected. Finally, our finding suggests that increasing engine pressure and reducing nozzle throat size can minimize the infrared radiation characteristics of the vacuum plume for a given thrust.

{"title":"Numerical simulation for the effects of nozzle geometry and engine thrust on vacuum plume radiation characteristics","authors":"Yatao Chen, Bijiao He, Lihui Liu, Zeyang Xiao, Huiyan Weng, Guobiao Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical engines are commonly used for spacecraft attitude and orbit control, where high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust expands into the vacuum, generating a plume-like flow field, known as the vacuum plume. The vacuum plume contains abundant gases with radiation capability, such as H<sub>2</sub>O and CO<sub>2</sub>. The radiation characteristics of the vacuum plume depend on critical engine design parameters, such as combustion chamber thermal properties, nozzle expansion ratio, and outlet expansion angle. This study investigates the effects of nozzle geometry and engine thrust on plume radiation characteristics, using the coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics and Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (CFD-DSMC) method for flow field simulation and the Backward Monte Carlo Method (BMCM) for infrared radiation analysis. The results demonstrate that reducing the expansion ratio increases both pressure and temperature at the nozzle outlet, thereby increasing the infrared radiation intensity of the vacuum plume. In contrast, expanding the nozzle outlet angle enhances shock wave dispersion near the lip, ultimately decreasing radiation intensity. For the truncated nozzle, a reduction in outlet diameter leads to a lower expansion ratio but a larger outlet expansion angle. Therefore, due to the complex interaction between expansion ratio and angle, the infrared radiation intensity initially decreases and then increases as the truncated nozzle outlet diameter decreases. Moreover, the results indicated that higher thrust leads to an increase in radiation intensity, as expected. Finally, our finding suggests that increasing engine pressure and reducing nozzle throat size can minimize the infrared radiation characteristics of the vacuum plume for a given thrust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126765"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental study on the cooling performances of thermoacoustic heat exchangers

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126759

Geng Chen , Kai Wang , Shancheng Tao , Long Gao , Zhaoyu Li , Jiawen Xu , Lihua Tang

The design of heat exchangers is crucial for establishing a significant temperature gradient across a thermoacoustic stack, essential for efficient thermal-acoustic energy conversion. This study investigates various cooling methodologies in a standing-wave thermoacoustic engine (TAE), including heat pipe heat exchangers and water cooling. Results indicate that the TAE operating without cooling measures failed to sustain acoustic oscillations over time. In contrast, the TAE equipped with heat pipe heat exchangers was able to maintain long-lasting self-excited acoustic oscillations. Although the pressure amplitude and temperature difference were not the highest, the TAE with heat pipe heat exchangers demonstrated reliable operation without additional electricity consumption. The oscillation frequency and onset temperature differences showed minimal variation across different cooling methods, aligning closely with theoretical predictions. This study underscores the viability of heat pipe heat exchangers as effective passive cooling technology, laying the groundwork for future development of "electricity-free" thermoacoustic devices for sustainable heating, cooling, and power generation.

{"title":"Experimental study on the cooling performances of thermoacoustic heat exchangers","authors":"Geng Chen , Kai Wang , Shancheng Tao , Long Gao , Zhaoyu Li , Jiawen Xu , Lihua Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of heat exchangers is crucial for establishing a significant temperature gradient across a thermoacoustic stack, essential for efficient thermal-acoustic energy conversion. This study investigates various cooling methodologies in a standing-wave thermoacoustic engine (TAE), including heat pipe heat exchangers and water cooling. Results indicate that the TAE operating without cooling measures failed to sustain acoustic oscillations over time. In contrast, the TAE equipped with heat pipe heat exchangers was able to maintain long-lasting self-excited acoustic oscillations. Although the pressure amplitude and temperature difference were not the highest, the TAE with heat pipe heat exchangers demonstrated reliable operation without additional electricity consumption. The oscillation frequency and onset temperature differences showed minimal variation across different cooling methods, aligning closely with theoretical predictions. This study underscores the viability of heat pipe heat exchangers as effective passive cooling technology, laying the groundwork for future development of \"electricity-free\" thermoacoustic devices for sustainable heating, cooling, and power generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126759"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lattice thermal conductivity of 8-16-4(sun)-graphyne from reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126746

Isaac M. Felix , Raphael M. Tromer , Leonardo D. Machado , Douglas S. Galvão , Luiz A. Ribeiro Jr. , Marcelo L. Pereira Jr.

The thermal conductivity of two-dimensional (2D) materials is critical in determining their suitability for several applications, from electronics to thermal management. In this study, we have used Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the thermal conductivity and phononic properties of 8-16-4(Sun)-Graphyne, a recently proposed 2D carbon allotrope. The thermal conductivity was estimated using reverse non-equilibrium MD simulations following the Müller–Plathe approach, revealing a strong dependence on system size. Phonon dispersion calculations confirm the stability of Sun-GY while also showing a significant decrease in thermal conductivity compared to graphene. This decrease is attributed to acetylenic bonds, which enhance phonon scattering. Spectral analysis further revealed that Sun-GY exhibits lower phonon group velocities and increased phonon scattering, mainly due to interactions between acoustic and optical modes. Sun-GY presents an intrinsic thermal conductivity of approximately 24.6 W/mK, much lower than graphene, making it a promising candidate for applications that require materials with reduced thermal transport properties.

{"title":"Lattice thermal conductivity of 8-16-4(sun)-graphyne from reverse nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Isaac M. Felix , Raphael M. Tromer , Leonardo D. Machado , Douglas S. Galvão , Luiz A. Ribeiro Jr. , Marcelo L. Pereira Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal conductivity of two-dimensional (2D) materials is critical in determining their suitability for several applications, from electronics to thermal management. In this study, we have used Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the thermal conductivity and phononic properties of 8-16-4(Sun)-Graphyne, a recently proposed 2D carbon allotrope. The thermal conductivity was estimated using reverse non-equilibrium MD simulations following the Müller–Plathe approach, revealing a strong dependence on system size. Phonon dispersion calculations confirm the stability of Sun-GY while also showing a significant decrease in thermal conductivity compared to graphene. This decrease is attributed to acetylenic bonds, which enhance phonon scattering. Spectral analysis further revealed that Sun-GY exhibits lower phonon group velocities and increased phonon scattering, mainly due to interactions between acoustic and optical modes. Sun-GY presents an intrinsic thermal conductivity of approximately 24.6 W/mK, much lower than graphene, making it a promising candidate for applications that require materials with reduced thermal transport properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126746"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic enhancement mechanism study of mechanical and thermal conductivity of GNP/SCF modified PEEK composites

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126777

Dongyu Li , Heng Li , Juan Du , Yahui Zhang , Tong Li , Zebei Mao , Bo Wang

The improvement of thermal conductivity of thermoplastic composites is more dependent on the addition of thermally conductive fillers, and too much of fillers can lead to a significant decrease in mechanical properties. In order to reduce the negative correlation between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites, in this study, graphene (GNP)/short-cut carbon fiber (SCF) synergistically reinforced network structure was constructed, high strength thermal conductivity PEEK based composites were prepared using injection molding technology. The effects of GNP/SCF synergistically reinforced network structure on the thermal conductivity, mechanical properties of PEEK composites were studied. The results showed that when the mixed filler ratio was 25 wt.% (5 wt.% GNP and 20 wt.% SCF), compared to the pure PEEK, the thermal conductivity was improved by 356.2%, tensile strength by 43.29%, the heat dissipation rate by 16.2 °C/min. The above experimental results indicate that the GNP/SCF synergistically reinforced network structure can significantly improve the thermal conductivity of composites while maintaining high tensile strength.

{"title":"Synergistic enhancement mechanism study of mechanical and thermal conductivity of GNP/SCF modified PEEK composites","authors":"Dongyu Li , Heng Li , Juan Du , Yahui Zhang , Tong Li , Zebei Mao , Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The improvement of thermal conductivity of thermoplastic composites is more dependent on the addition of thermally conductive fillers, and too much of fillers can lead to a significant decrease in mechanical properties. In order to reduce the negative correlation between thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites, in this study, graphene (GNP)/short-cut carbon fiber (SCF) synergistically reinforced network structure was constructed, high strength thermal conductivity PEEK based composites were prepared using injection molding technology. The effects of GNP/SCF synergistically reinforced network structure on the thermal conductivity, mechanical properties of PEEK composites were studied. The results showed that when the mixed filler ratio was 25 wt.% (5 wt.% GNP and 20 wt.% SCF), compared to the pure PEEK, the thermal conductivity was improved by 356.2%, tensile strength by 43.29%, the heat dissipation rate by 16.2 °C/min. The above experimental results indicate that the GNP/SCF synergistically reinforced network structure can significantly improve the thermal conductivity of composites while maintaining high tensile strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126777"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anti-leakage mechanism of silica–paraffin material for building energy saving: Role of silica–paraffin interactions

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126751

Mingyang Yang , Lin Guo , Xiaojing Meng , Yu Shi , Qiang Sheng , Xinhong Li , Nan Zhang , Xiaohu Wu

Phase-change materials (PCMs) are extensively used in passive renewable energy systems, yet the leakage of paraffin wax during phase transitions poses significant challenges to their practical application. Integrating silica porous structures with paraffin wax PCMs has shown potential to mitigate leakage, but the interactions between paraffin and silica, particularly their influence on paraffin diffusion at varying temperatures, remain critical. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations involving over 70 000 atoms are conducted to explore the effects of single and adjacent silica nanoparticles on paraffin wax behavior across different temperatures. A novel approach to centralize paraffin wax molecules is introduced to enhance dynamic analysis. The results highlight two primary roles of silica nanoparticles: 1) redistributing paraffin wax for tunable mobility and 2) anchoring long-chain paraffin molecules on silica surfaces, thereby restricting their movement. Also, the diffusion coefficient for each case is also calculated. Furthermore, paraffin near silica surfaces is categorized based on relative distance into a “dense paraffin shell” (

<

5 Å) and a “loose paraffin shell” (10–15 Å). The loose paraffin shell exhibits high sensitivity to temperature changes. These findings provide valuable insights for designing anti-leakage PCMs and offer a pathway to developing advanced energy-efficient building materials.

{"title":"Anti-leakage mechanism of silica–paraffin material for building energy saving: Role of silica–paraffin interactions","authors":"Mingyang Yang , Lin Guo , Xiaojing Meng , Yu Shi , Qiang Sheng , Xinhong Li , Nan Zhang , Xiaohu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126751","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126751","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase-change materials (PCMs) are extensively used in passive renewable energy systems, yet the leakage of paraffin wax during phase transitions poses significant challenges to their practical application. Integrating silica porous structures with paraffin wax PCMs has shown potential to mitigate leakage, but the interactions between paraffin and silica, particularly their influence on paraffin diffusion at varying temperatures, remain critical. In this work, molecular dynamics simulations involving over 70000 atoms are conducted to explore the effects of single and adjacent silica nanoparticles on paraffin wax behavior across different temperatures. A novel approach to centralize paraffin wax molecules is introduced to enhance dynamic analysis. The results highlight two primary roles of silica nanoparticles: 1) redistributing paraffin wax for tunable mobility and 2) anchoring long-chain paraffin molecules on silica surfaces, thereby restricting their movement. Also, the diffusion coefficient for each case is also calculated. Furthermore, paraffin near silica surfaces is categorized based on relative distance into a “dense paraffin shell” (<span><math><mo><</mo></math></span>5 Å) and a “loose paraffin shell” (10–15 Å). The loose paraffin shell exhibits high sensitivity to temperature changes. These findings provide valuable insights for designing anti-leakage PCMs and offer a pathway to developing advanced energy-efficient building materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126751"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A switchable dual-mode integrated photonic multilayer film with highly efficient wide-angle radiative cooling and thermal insulation for year-round thermal management

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126783

Junyang Sui, Tingshuo Yao, Jiahao Zou, Siyuan Liao, Hai-Feng Zhang

Global warming and energy shortages necessitate the development of photonic thermal management technologies capable of reducing energy consumption in outdoor structures, such as edifices and vehicles, via infrared radiative cooling and thermal insulation. However, current photonic thermal management devices can only achieve one mode or realize modes switching by inconveniently flipping. To make up for these deficiencies, this study introduces a photonic multilayer film (PMF) based on Weyl semimetal, designed to switch between high-efficiency, wide-angle radiative cooling and thermal insulation modes by voltage regulation, which offers a practical solution for year-round photonic thermal management. During hot summers, PMF in the cooling mode exhibits high reflectivity (98.40 %) within solar spectrum and superior infrared emissivity (95.88 %) within atmospheric window, performing efficiently across −71°∼72° incident angle range. In contrast, during cold winter nights, the insulation mode of PMF achieves low emissivity (6.74 %) in atmospheric window, minimizing heat loss with stable performance at a wide angle range of −89° to 89°. Through this voltage-modulated efficient dual modes strategy, PMF outperforms conventional building materials, offering significant temperature reductions of 8.15 °C for cooling and slight temperature drops of 0.639 °C for insulation. These results help to better design year-round energy-efficient outdoor structures, which can contribute to sustainable energy development and the promotion of a low-carbon economy.

{"title":"A switchable dual-mode integrated photonic multilayer film with highly efficient wide-angle radiative cooling and thermal insulation for year-round thermal management","authors":"Junyang Sui, Tingshuo Yao, Jiahao Zou, Siyuan Liao, Hai-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming and energy shortages necessitate the development of photonic thermal management technologies capable of reducing energy consumption in outdoor structures, such as edifices and vehicles, via infrared radiative cooling and thermal insulation. However, current photonic thermal management devices can only achieve one mode or realize modes switching by inconveniently flipping. To make up for these deficiencies, this study introduces a photonic multilayer film (PMF) based on Weyl semimetal, designed to switch between high-efficiency, wide-angle radiative cooling and thermal insulation modes by voltage regulation, which offers a practical solution for year-round photonic thermal management. During hot summers, PMF in the cooling mode exhibits high reflectivity (98.40 %) within solar spectrum and superior infrared emissivity (95.88 %) within atmospheric window, performing efficiently across −71°∼72° incident angle range. In contrast, during cold winter nights, the insulation mode of PMF achieves low emissivity (6.74 %) in atmospheric window, minimizing heat loss with stable performance at a wide angle range of −89° to 89°. Through this voltage-modulated efficient dual modes strategy, PMF outperforms conventional building materials, offering significant temperature reductions of 8.15 °C for cooling and slight temperature drops of 0.639 °C for insulation. These results help to better design year-round energy-efficient outdoor structures, which can contribute to sustainable energy development and the promotion of a low-carbon economy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126783"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multiple optimization design on gradient porosity of copper foam in phase change materials based on genetic algorithm

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126764

Nan Zhang , Zhaoli Zhang , Xinyi Wei , Yanxia Du , Hasan Köten , Yanping Yuan

Copper foam with gradient porosity has been incorporated into phase change materials (PCMs) to improve their thermal performance by improving the non-uniform melting process within a square unit. However, there are currently limited design principles and methods for arranging the gradient porosity of copper foam. This paper introduces a novel multiple optimization design method for gradient porosity of copper foam, which utilizes a combination of the response surface methodology and genetic algorithm. First, the gradient design objective prototype is established by varying the gradient design direction and porosity of the copper foam. Then, the response relationship between melting time and porosity is derived using the central composite design method. Subsequently, the distribution of copper foam with a porosity ranging from 0.75 to 0.95 is optimized with the primary goal of minimizing the melting time. The results indicate that PCM with gradient copper foam exhibits a 9.11 % reduction in melting time compared to PCM with uniform copper foam. In addition, the secondary objective of the multiple optimization design is to minimize the weight of the phase change unit. The results reveal that both the melting time and weight of the phase change unit are reduced by 4.63 % and 9.57 %, respectively. This multiple optimization method provides principles and methods for improving the thermal performance of PCM using gradient copper foam. The optimized gradient structure meets the requirements for weight reduction and efficiency improvement in composite PCMs for latent heat thermal energy storage systems.

{"title":"Multiple optimization design on gradient porosity of copper foam in phase change materials based on genetic algorithm","authors":"Nan Zhang , Zhaoli Zhang , Xinyi Wei , Yanxia Du , Hasan Köten , Yanping Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper foam with gradient porosity has been incorporated into phase change materials (PCMs) to improve their thermal performance by improving the non-uniform melting process within a square unit. However, there are currently limited design principles and methods for arranging the gradient porosity of copper foam. This paper introduces a novel multiple optimization design method for gradient porosity of copper foam, which utilizes a combination of the response surface methodology and genetic algorithm. First, the gradient design objective prototype is established by varying the gradient design direction and porosity of the copper foam. Then, the response relationship between melting time and porosity is derived using the central composite design method. Subsequently, the distribution of copper foam with a porosity ranging from 0.75 to 0.95 is optimized with the primary goal of minimizing the melting time. The results indicate that PCM with gradient copper foam exhibits a 9.11 % reduction in melting time compared to PCM with uniform copper foam. In addition, the secondary objective of the multiple optimization design is to minimize the weight of the phase change unit. The results reveal that both the melting time and weight of the phase change unit are reduced by 4.63 % and 9.57 %, respectively. This multiple optimization method provides principles and methods for improving the thermal performance of PCM using gradient copper foam. The optimized gradient structure meets the requirements for weight reduction and efficiency improvement in composite PCMs for latent heat thermal energy storage systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced thermal management performance of phase change materials with fin structures under mechanical vibration conditions

IF 5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126778

Zijian Zhou , Xunchen Liu , Yuan Fang , Mingzhang Chen , Sheng Chen

This research developed a composite thermal management system by combining phase change materials (PCM) with fins to enhance the cooling performance of a cylindrical single lithium-ion battery. A thermal simulation model was used to evaluate the system under both non-vibrating and vibrating conditions, with PCM thickness set at 12 mm and mechanical vibrations characterized by an amplitude of 10 mm and a frequency of 50 Hz. Various fin configurations, including rectangular, triangular, T-shaped, trapezoidal, and I-shaped fins, with counts of 4, 6, 8, and 10, were analyzed. The results showed that the PCM-fin system significantly reduced the maximum battery temperature by up to 15.3 % and the maximum temperature difference by up to 42.8 % compared to PCM alone. Under non-vibrating conditions, the I-shaped fins provided the best cooling performance, with 8 fins identified as the optimal configuration, achieving a maximum temperature of 316.2 K and a maximum temperature difference of 3.8 K. When mechanical vibration was introduced, the system's performance improved further, with the maximum temperature reduced by an additional 6.5 % and the temperature difference by 18.7 %. Under vibrating conditions, 4 I-shaped fins were determined to be the optimal configuration, balancing cooling performance, production cost, and weight. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of efficient battery thermal management systems.

{"title":"Enhanced thermal management performance of phase change materials with fin structures under mechanical vibration conditions","authors":"Zijian Zhou , Xunchen Liu , Yuan Fang , Mingzhang Chen , Sheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.126778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research developed a composite thermal management system by combining phase change materials (PCM) with fins to enhance the cooling performance of a cylindrical single lithium-ion battery. A thermal simulation model was used to evaluate the system under both non-vibrating and vibrating conditions, with PCM thickness set at 12 mm and mechanical vibrations characterized by an amplitude of 10 mm and a frequency of 50 Hz. Various fin configurations, including rectangular, triangular, T-shaped, trapezoidal, and I-shaped fins, with counts of 4, 6, 8, and 10, were analyzed. The results showed that the PCM-fin system significantly reduced the maximum battery temperature by up to 15.3 % and the maximum temperature difference by up to 42.8 % compared to PCM alone. Under non-vibrating conditions, the I-shaped fins provided the best cooling performance, with 8 fins identified as the optimal configuration, achieving a maximum temperature of 316.2 K and a maximum temperature difference of 3.8 K. When mechanical vibration was introduced, the system's performance improved further, with the maximum temperature reduced by an additional 6.5 % and the temperature difference by 18.7 %. Under vibrating conditions, 4 I-shaped fins were determined to be the optimal configuration, balancing cooling performance, production cost, and weight. These findings provide valuable insights for the design of efficient battery thermal management systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":336,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 126778"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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