Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396822
M. Tokoro, S. Takaba
The system benefit of dynamic route guidance system (DRGS) depends on the link cost data used when routes of cars are selected. Sometimes DRGS causes another congestion as the proportion of guided vehicles increases. In this paper, a new strategy for dynamic route guidance based on drivers "link reservation" is proposed, and its effectiveness under high penetration condition is shown.<>
{"title":"Route guidance strategy under high penetration condition","authors":"M. Tokoro, S. Takaba","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396822","url":null,"abstract":"The system benefit of dynamic route guidance system (DRGS) depends on the link cost data used when routes of cars are selected. Sometimes DRGS causes another congestion as the proportion of guided vehicles increases. In this paper, a new strategy for dynamic route guidance based on drivers \"link reservation\" is proposed, and its effectiveness under high penetration condition is shown.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133883394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396816
H. Matsui, M. Fujita
We propose a new definition of freeway congestion on the basis of drivers' consciousness. The new definition is defined by both average speed and travel time on a congested freeway through psychological analysis. We also propose an useful method in order to distinguish congested freeway domains by using vehicle detectors' data. By adapting this new definition to distinguish the domains, we can obtain the results which are more stable than the results by the conventional definition and also which really match the driver's consciousness.<>
{"title":"Definition of congestion based on drivers' consciousness","authors":"H. Matsui, M. Fujita","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396816","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a new definition of freeway congestion on the basis of drivers' consciousness. The new definition is defined by both average speed and travel time on a congested freeway through psychological analysis. We also propose an useful method in order to distinguish congested freeway domains by using vehicle detectors' data. By adapting this new definition to distinguish the domains, we can obtain the results which are more stable than the results by the conventional definition and also which really match the driver's consciousness.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"17 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122954570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396877
A. Pauzié
During the last decade, applications of new telematic technology in transport have been quickly growing in Europe, supported by two research programmes EUREKA and DRIVE (Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle safety in Europe). Since the creation of these programmes, the movement has been an increasing consideration of the human interface problems. The objective is to adapt the system as a whole to the driver task and requirements, and also to avoid potential negative consequences of the new context on the driver behaviour.<>
{"title":"Human interface of in-vehicle information systems","authors":"A. Pauzié","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396877","url":null,"abstract":"During the last decade, applications of new telematic technology in transport have been quickly growing in Europe, supported by two research programmes EUREKA and DRIVE (Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle safety in Europe). Since the creation of these programmes, the movement has been an increasing consideration of the human interface problems. The objective is to adapt the system as a whole to the driver task and requirements, and also to avoid potential negative consequences of the new context on the driver behaviour.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124721425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396869
T. Daimon, T. Masuno, H. Kawashima
This study investigates driver's characteristics when using peripheral vehicles displaying system (PVDS). This system is one of the functions of advanced road transportation systems and supports driver's safety by displaying the information about the location of vehicles around his vehicle. In this study, focusing on changing lanes, the driver's fundamental characteristics are mainly investigated in both field and laboratory experiments by comparing the case of using the system with the case of usual driving. The results obtained from these experiments indicate that the PVDS supports the driving task and decreases the workload of driving task, although the existence of the system changes the pattern of driver's eye movements when driving. The results could be the starting point of further study for designing advanced in-vehicle information system.<>
{"title":"Driver's characteristics and peripheral vehicles displaying system","authors":"T. Daimon, T. Masuno, H. Kawashima","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396869","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates driver's characteristics when using peripheral vehicles displaying system (PVDS). This system is one of the functions of advanced road transportation systems and supports driver's safety by displaying the information about the location of vehicles around his vehicle. In this study, focusing on changing lanes, the driver's fundamental characteristics are mainly investigated in both field and laboratory experiments by comparing the case of using the system with the case of usual driving. The results obtained from these experiments indicate that the PVDS supports the driving task and decreases the workload of driving task, although the existence of the system changes the pattern of driver's eye movements when driving. The results could be the starting point of further study for designing advanced in-vehicle information system.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124927487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396853
Han Reijmers, R. Prasad
This paper evaluates the packet success probabilities for vehicles sending data to a base station near the motorway. An appropriate statistical model for the distribution of the vehicles on a motorway is investigated using measured data. The measurements were carried out on the A13 motorway in the Netherlands during relatively heavy traffic periods. The measurements were split into three traffic conditions: queuing traffic with low speed, heavy traffic with small average headways and free flowing traffic with larger headways. Six models for the distribution of the distances between the vehicles were considered. For the results presented in this paper the shifted negative exponential distribution was chosen. The success probabilities are calculated using Rician distribution, single slope path loss and capture effect.<>
{"title":"Packet success probabilities for intelligent vehicle highway systems using measured headway distributions","authors":"Han Reijmers, R. Prasad","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396853","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the packet success probabilities for vehicles sending data to a base station near the motorway. An appropriate statistical model for the distribution of the vehicles on a motorway is investigated using measured data. The measurements were carried out on the A13 motorway in the Netherlands during relatively heavy traffic periods. The measurements were split into three traffic conditions: queuing traffic with low speed, heavy traffic with small average headways and free flowing traffic with larger headways. Six models for the distribution of the distances between the vehicles were considered. For the results presented in this paper the shifted negative exponential distribution was chosen. The success probabilities are calculated using Rician distribution, single slope path loss and capture effect.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127194116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396867
M. Kimachi, K. Kanayama, K. Teramoto
This study is concerned with the image sensor which is able to detect traffic incidents in a tight curve on an urban expressway. We focus on the abnormal behavior of a vehicle which caused an incident. We propose a new detection method using the image processing technique and fuzzy theory, and try to predict an incident before it happens. First, we define the "behavioral feature" which is the angle between the extracted vehicle's moving direction and the normal moving direction. We then calculate the "certainty" by fuzzy integral of the three features namely: the size, velocity and correlation value. Then we obtain the "behavioral abnormality" from the "behavioral feature" and "certainty". The "behavioral abnormality" represents the difference in behavior between the extracted car and a normally running car. Finally, a judgment is made in predicting an incident using the "behavioral abnormality" obtained from the continuous images. The proposed method is applied to some scenes in which an incident really happened and its effectiveness is verified.<>
{"title":"Incident prediction by fuzzy image sequence analysis","authors":"M. Kimachi, K. Kanayama, K. Teramoto","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396867","url":null,"abstract":"This study is concerned with the image sensor which is able to detect traffic incidents in a tight curve on an urban expressway. We focus on the abnormal behavior of a vehicle which caused an incident. We propose a new detection method using the image processing technique and fuzzy theory, and try to predict an incident before it happens. First, we define the \"behavioral feature\" which is the angle between the extracted vehicle's moving direction and the normal moving direction. We then calculate the \"certainty\" by fuzzy integral of the three features namely: the size, velocity and correlation value. Then we obtain the \"behavioral abnormality\" from the \"behavioral feature\" and \"certainty\". The \"behavioral abnormality\" represents the difference in behavior between the extracted car and a normally running car. Finally, a judgment is made in predicting an incident using the \"behavioral abnormality\" obtained from the continuous images. The proposed method is applied to some scenes in which an incident really happened and its effectiveness is verified.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114672100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396818
H. Shimizu, M. Kobayashi
This paper studies a route guidance algorithm of a traffic network consisting of surface streets. The traffic congestion control system is constructed combining the deterministic traffic signal control system and the route guidance system. The time-dependent characteristics of traffic congestion length are described by a linear time-varying discrete dynamic system. The three signal control parameters consisting of the cycle length, green split and offset are aimed to be systematically and adaptively controlled so as to minimize the sum of the traffic congestion lengths in a traffic network. We propose such a route guidance algorithm as evaluates the shortest mean travel time route from the driver's current position to his destination. From the situation results of the route guidance algorithm it is confirmed that the mean travel time from one's current position to his destination varies remarkably depending on the traffic flow conditions, and the recommendable routes can be outputted.<>
{"title":"A route guidance algorithm of traffic network","authors":"H. Shimizu, M. Kobayashi","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396818","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies a route guidance algorithm of a traffic network consisting of surface streets. The traffic congestion control system is constructed combining the deterministic traffic signal control system and the route guidance system. The time-dependent characteristics of traffic congestion length are described by a linear time-varying discrete dynamic system. The three signal control parameters consisting of the cycle length, green split and offset are aimed to be systematically and adaptively controlled so as to minimize the sum of the traffic congestion lengths in a traffic network. We propose such a route guidance algorithm as evaluates the shortest mean travel time route from the driver's current position to his destination. From the situation results of the route guidance algorithm it is confirmed that the mean travel time from one's current position to his destination varies remarkably depending on the traffic flow conditions, and the recommendable routes can be outputted.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"221 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114854337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396762
G. Kuo
The handover in mobile cellular systems has been studied for a long period of time. However, the handover between the adjacent microcells of the wireless networks in future personal communications networks (PCN) is a very crucial issue to the quality of communications services, especially for time-sensitive multimedia-based information services. Due to the key role of microcell technology in the future PCN, the importance of handover will be increased considerably. In the paper, a detailed survey on the current handover schemes and channel assignment strategies has been made. Then, a new handover scheme with channel assignment and management strategy based on distributed client-server architecture has been designed and proposed, which could provide better communications quality and performance than those of the current ones in some aspects. This new scheme used in the wireless networks can be compatible with the technology in future B-ISDN generically. In addition, from the network integration viewpoint, this new scheme should be strongly emphasized.<>
{"title":"A new client-server-based handover scheme in future PCN","authors":"G. Kuo","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396762","url":null,"abstract":"The handover in mobile cellular systems has been studied for a long period of time. However, the handover between the adjacent microcells of the wireless networks in future personal communications networks (PCN) is a very crucial issue to the quality of communications services, especially for time-sensitive multimedia-based information services. Due to the key role of microcell technology in the future PCN, the importance of handover will be increased considerably. In the paper, a detailed survey on the current handover schemes and channel assignment strategies has been made. Then, a new handover scheme with channel assignment and management strategy based on distributed client-server architecture has been designed and proposed, which could provide better communications quality and performance than those of the current ones in some aspects. This new scheme used in the wireless networks can be compatible with the technology in future B-ISDN generically. In addition, from the network integration viewpoint, this new scheme should be strongly emphasized.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121689576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396763
A.S. Mustafa, M. Pitsiava-Latinopoulou, G. Giannopoulos
A multilane electronic toll collection system has been installed on a six-lane rural arterial 24 km South West the city of Thessaloniki, Greece. This prototype system is in operation since March '94. This electronic system is an experimental pilot, implemented in Thessaloniki under the framework of the research project ADEPT (Automatic Debiting and Electronic Payment for Transport) in the EU DRIVE II ATT Programme. The main objective of this paper is to present the evaluation methodology and the results obtained during the first six months of the pilot operation. The evaluation methodology includes the overall operational (technical) and economic/financial analysis followed during the experimental period. In the operational evaluation, the technical performance and reliability issues were addressed and analysed. On the other hand, the concept of the economic/financial evaluation which is concerned about the social and financial result of the system in addition to the technical evaluation was presented. In the economic evaluation, the impacts of the electronic system on the users and nonusers are under study. This includes the analysis of travel speed, delay and travel time observations carried out both before and after the operation of the system. This evaluation methodology includes various parameters such as the cost of the equipment, depreciation, operational cost and other costs and on the other hand the cost of the toll infrastructure in the case of manual system, saving in travel time, delays and environmental pollution.<>
希腊塞萨洛尼基市西南24公里的一条六车道农村主干道上安装了多车道电子收费系统。这个原型系统从1994年3月开始运行。该电子系统是在塞萨洛尼基实施的一项实验性试点，该试点是在EU DRIVE II ATT计划的研究项目ADEPT(运输自动借记和电子支付)框架下实施的。本文的主要目的是介绍评估方法和在试点操作的前六个月获得的结果。评价方法包括在试验期间进行的全面业务(技术)和经济/财务分析。在作战评估中，解决和分析了技术性能和可靠性问题。另一方面，提出了经济/财务评价的概念，除了技术评价外，还关注系统的社会和财务结果。在经济评价中，研究了电子系统对使用者和非使用者的影响。这包括在系统运行前后对运行速度、延迟和运行时间进行的分析。这种评估方法包括各种参数，如设备成本、折旧成本、运营成本和其他成本，另一方面，人工系统的收费基础设施成本，节省了旅行时间、延误和环境污染。
{"title":"The multilane electronic toll collection system in Thessaloniki: Evaluation of its first 6 months of operation","authors":"A.S. Mustafa, M. Pitsiava-Latinopoulou, G. Giannopoulos","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396763","url":null,"abstract":"A multilane electronic toll collection system has been installed on a six-lane rural arterial 24 km South West the city of Thessaloniki, Greece. This prototype system is in operation since March '94. This electronic system is an experimental pilot, implemented in Thessaloniki under the framework of the research project ADEPT (Automatic Debiting and Electronic Payment for Transport) in the EU DRIVE II ATT Programme. The main objective of this paper is to present the evaluation methodology and the results obtained during the first six months of the pilot operation. The evaluation methodology includes the overall operational (technical) and economic/financial analysis followed during the experimental period. In the operational evaluation, the technical performance and reliability issues were addressed and analysed. On the other hand, the concept of the economic/financial evaluation which is concerned about the social and financial result of the system in addition to the technical evaluation was presented. In the economic evaluation, the impacts of the electronic system on the users and nonusers are under study. This includes the analysis of travel speed, delay and travel time observations carried out both before and after the operation of the system. This evaluation methodology includes various parameters such as the cost of the equipment, depreciation, operational cost and other costs and on the other hand the cost of the toll infrastructure in the case of manual system, saving in travel time, delays and environmental pollution.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117276561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1994-08-31DOI: 10.1109/VNIS.1994.396753
J. Horikoshi, T. Oku
A coded modulation scheme named "coded QTFM" is proposed for the purpose of satellite-vehicle/personal communication facilities. QTFM is a 4-level continuous phase modulation (CPM) scheme with bandlimiting baseband LPF. Coded QTFM improves the error performance of QTFM tremendously with high coding efficiency (/spl sim/0.9). Block encoding and the maximum likelihood sequence estimation is adopted in the proposed system. A simple (10,9) code improves the bit error rate to almost the same value attained by bandlimited QDPSK with raised cosine filter of roll-off factor /spl alpha/=1.<>
{"title":"A coded quaternary CPM scheme for data exchange over satellite-vehicle/personal communication applications","authors":"J. Horikoshi, T. Oku","doi":"10.1109/VNIS.1994.396753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNIS.1994.396753","url":null,"abstract":"A coded modulation scheme named \"coded QTFM\" is proposed for the purpose of satellite-vehicle/personal communication facilities. QTFM is a 4-level continuous phase modulation (CPM) scheme with bandlimiting baseband LPF. Coded QTFM improves the error performance of QTFM tremendously with high coding efficiency (/spl sim/0.9). Block encoding and the maximum likelihood sequence estimation is adopted in the proposed system. A simple (10,9) code improves the bit error rate to almost the same value attained by bandlimited QDPSK with raised cosine filter of roll-off factor /spl alpha/=1.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":338322,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of VNIS'94 - 1994 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127977358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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