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DESIGNING NETWORK SYSTEMS OF EDUCATION AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL 设计地区一级的教育网络系统
Kateryna Romanenko
. The article analyzes the specifics of designing network forms of education organization at the regional level based on domestic scientific research. It is shown that in the modern conditions of reforming the education system, the most urgent task is the network organization of educational activities. An educational network in a certain region can be considered as a set of educational subjects that provide each other with appropriate educational resources in order to further improve the efficiency and quality of education. It is argued that the network model of the educational space of the region functions as a structural-functional system of interdependent open centers and nodes that are constantly expanding and changing, providing flexibility and dynamism in solving problems. The form of innovative changes is the implementation of network projects that adapt regional education to the processes of formation and development of the network educational space. It is proven that the very method of transformation of regional educational spaces should be considered as a mechanism that legitimizes innovative initiatives of the participants of the educational network and ensures their approval. Thus, the most effective form of network interaction would be the creation of autonomous bodies, such as educational management coordination councils, open competitions for educational projects in the regions, tenders for regional programs of various levels, etc. In the project, the center of attention should be the formation of an autonomous structure based on various innovative experiences in the field of self-organization of educational institutions. This project should be considered as a resource for the qualitative transformation of the innovative potential of education in the region. It was determined that one of the main tasks in the organization of such a project is to identify the conditions and mechanisms of institutionalization of network innovations and their impact on the local educational system. Not only the educational system is changing, but also how it develops in the future, based on the most productive direction of changes from the point of view of the goals set by the educational reforms. Institutionalization of educational projects means legal and organizational integration of network innovations, which become new structural components in a variety of educational spaces.
.文章在国内科学研究的基础上,分析了在地区层面设计教育组织网络形式的具体情况。研究表明,在现代教育体制改革的条件下,最紧迫的任务是教育活动的网络化组织。一定区域内的教育网络可以被视为一组教育主体,它们相互提供适当的教育资源,以进一步提高教育的效率和质量。有学者认为,该地区教育空间的网络模式是由相互依存的开放中心和节点组成的结构功能系统,这些中心和节点不断扩大和变化,为解决问题提供了灵活性和活力。创新变革的形式是实施网络项目,使地区教育适应网络教育空间的形成和发展过程。事实证明,地区教育空间变革的方法本身应被视为一种机制,使教育网络参与者的创新举措合法化,并确保其得到认可。因此,网络互动的最有效形式是建立自治机构,如教育管理协调委员会、地区教育项目公开竞赛、地区各级项目招标等。在该项目中,应重点关注在教育机构自我组织领域各种创新经验的基础上建立自治机构。该项目应被视为该地区教育创新潜力质变的资源。组织这样一个项目的主要任务之一是确定网络创新制度化的条件和机制及其对当地教育系统的影响。不仅教育系统在发生变化,而且未来如何发展也在发生变化,其基础是从教育改革所设定的目标角度出发的最有成效的变革方向。教育项目的制度化意味着网络创新在法律和组织上的整合,网络创新已成为各种教育空间的新结构组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANISMS FOR MANAGING SOCIAL SYSTEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION 改进全球化背景下的社会系统管理机制
E. Sokolova, Nataliia Pidlepyan
The article substantiates the importance of improving the mechanisms for managing social systems in the context of globalization. The authors reviews and analyzes the main concepts of social development, including the concepts of systemic, functional, structural-functional, cybernetic, synergistic, and institutional approaches. The main features of globalization as a dynamic and comprehensive process that creates prerequisites for improving management systems are identified. The paper focuses on the aspect that effective governance mechanisms will allow to adapt to changing conditions, maximize the positive effects of globalization, such as access to new markets, technologies and knowledge, ensure sustainable development, and maintain social cohesion. The author reviews the importance of the transformation of digital communities as a new form of "social flows" in the era of acceleration, where the use of crowd-funding, group design, group innovation, and corrective interaction tools that allow to withstand all the challenges of globalization are increasingly manifested. The paper pays attention to the formation of new social contracts between government, business, the social sector and employees, which can be better implemented in practice in the context of the use of generative artificial intelligence technologies. A flowchart has been constructed, which defines a direct relationship between the existing types of social systems, approaches and tools to management, and the determination of performance indicators of the measures taken. The author identifies five areas of priority improvement of the mechanisms for managing social systems, including the ability to adapt, diversify, take responsibility, and establish a balance between centralized and local decisions. The author analyzes the fundamental issues of public-private partnerships as a tool for accelerating the formation of a network of healthy communities, developing education and skills necessary for a productive life, and expanding "public spaces."
文章论证了在全球化背景下改进社会系统管理机制的重要性。作者回顾并分析了社会发展的主要概念,包括系统方法、功能方法、结构功能方法、控制论方法、协同方法和制度方法等概念。文中指出了全球化的主要特点,即全球化是一个动态的综合过程,为改进管理系统创造了先决条件。本文重点论述了有效的管理机制将有助于适应不断变化的条件,最大限度地发挥全球化的积极影响,如进入新市场、获得新技术和新知识,确保可持续发展,以及保持社会凝聚力。作者回顾了数字社区转型作为加速时代 "社会流动 "新形式的重要性,在这个时代,众筹、群体设计、群体创新和矫正互动工具的使用越来越多地体现出能够抵御全球化所有挑战的能力。本文关注政府、企业、社会部门和员工之间新社会契约的形成,这些契约可以在使用生成式人工智能技术的背景下更好地付诸实践。本文构建了一个流程图,确定了现有各类社会系统、管理方法和工具与确定所采取措施的绩效指标之间的直接关系。作者确定了优先改进社会系统管理机制的五个领域,包括适应能力、多样化、承担责任以及在中央和地方决策之间建立平衡。作者分析了公私伙伴关系作为加速形成健康社区网络、发展生产性生活所需的教育和技能以及扩大 "公共空间 "的工具的基本问题。
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引用次数: 0
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF THE QUALITY OF PROFESSIONAL PRE-HIGHER PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION 高等师范预科教育质量的公共管理
Yevheniia Voloshka
The article analyzes the concepts of the quality of education and the quality of professional pre-higher pedagogical education in the context of different approaches to the definition, both from the side of the legislation and in the context of several fields of knowledge (in particular, public administration and pedagogy). The author emphasizes the role of the state in the management of pedagogical education and examines the influence of other subjects of management, reveals the importance of ensuring the continuous improvement of the quality of education, focuses on the development of the quality of pedagogical education as a basis for sustainable development of the country. In the course of the study, the development of the problem of the quality of professional pre-higher pedagogical education was updated and it was established that there is no strategy for the development of this component of education in Ukraine, which is a significant obstacle for public administration in accordance with the pressing issues. In order to determine the priority directions for the development of the quality of professional pre-higher education, the article analyzes the regulatory and legal field within the defined issues, namely: The National Strategy for the Development of Education of Ukraine, Laws of Ukraine «On Education», «On Vocational Pre-Higher Education», Concept of the Development of Pedagogical Education. During the analysis, the key advantages and disadvantages of the existing legal regulation were identified. Special attention in the article was paid to the Law of Ukraine «On Professional Pre-Higher Education» and the chapter on ensuring the quality of professional pre-higher education. A detailed analysis of this system confirmed its integrated nature, which combines not only internal aspects of quality control and assessment of professional pre-higher education, but also external mechanisms that contribute to objective assessment and maintenance of education quality standards. On the basis of the analyzed materials, the author developed the stages of the process of quality management of the professional pre-higher education, identified the advantages and disadvantages of quality provision of the professional pre-higher education, and proposed ways to improve it.
文章从立法和多个知识领域(特别是公共管理和教育学)的角度,分析了教育质量和高等师范预科专业教育质量这两个概念的不同定义方法。作者强调了国家在师范教育管理中的作用,研究了其他管理主体的影响,揭示了确保不断提高教育质量的重要性,重点关注了作为国家可持续发展基础的师范教育质量的发展。 在研究过程中,对专业预科教育质量问题的发展情况进行了更新,确定了乌克兰没有发展这部分教育的战略,这对公共管理部门解决紧迫问题是一个重大障碍。为了确定高等专业预科教育质量发展的优先方向,文章分析了已确定问题范围内的监管和法律领域,即:苺 郱訄郕郋郇郋郈郋迮郕郋邾 郱訄郕郋郇郋郈郋迮郕郋邾 竄苺郕訄郇邽罈, 竄苺郕訄郇邽罈, 竄苺郕訄郇邽罈, 竄苺郕訄郇邽罈, 竄苺郕訄郇邽罈, 竄苺郕訄郇邽罈.在分析过程中,确定了现行法律法规的主要优缺点。 文章特别关注了乌克兰《职业高等预科教育法》以及关于确保职业高等预科教育质量的章节。对该体系的详细分析证实了其综合性质,它不仅结合了高等专业预科教育质量控制和评估的内部因素,还结合了有助于客观评估和维持教育质量标准的外部机制。在分析材料的基础上,作者制定了高等专业预科教育质量管理过程的各个阶段,确定了高等专业预科教育质量提供的优势和劣势,并提出了改进方法。
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引用次数: 0
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF INNOVATIVE CHANGES 创新变革条件下的教育管理
L. Voznyuk, Oleksandr Dobrogorsky
The article reveals the problems of educational management in the conditions of innovative changes. It was determined that the reformation processes of the educational sector in Ukraine actualized the problem of qualitative changes in the educational management system. After all, the quality of education and the effectiveness of educational reforms in Ukraine depend on the focus of educational management. First of all, this concerns the formation of personnel policy, and the development of a strategy for the development of an educational institution, educational programs, and ensuring the image of an educational organization. An analysis of scientific sources was carried out, which shows that the theoretical foundations of educational management have been sufficiently developed in Ukraine, and the management system in modern conditions has been studied. Thus, in the works of G. V. Yelnikova, L. M. Kalinina, O. I. Kasyanova, O . I. Marmazy, V. I. Maslova, T. I. Sushchenko defined directions of changes in educational management. According to scientists, the domestic theory of educational management is going through a period of complex transformational shifts, an intensive search for new directions of scientific research aimed at implementing a new vision of educational management policy, modern world models of educational organization management. However, the problems of managing educational institutions in the conditions of innovative changes, developing strategies for the development of an educational organization, forming a positive image of an educational organization, and motivating teaching staff for professional growth remain insufficiently researched. It is noted that the development of the value attitude of the heads of educational institutions towards innovative management as a leading direction of educational management is implemented through the implementation of new approaches to management activities: competence-based, axiological, synergistic and others. It was found that among the important educational values that significantly affect the effectiveness of management activities, the following can be distinguished: the rule of law, tolerance, patriotism, honesty, justice, trust, morality, academic integrity. Accordingly, the content of educational management should be value-oriented and characterized by favorable communications, partnership in relationships, and a system of incentives for the professional growth of teaching staff. It was found that the strategy of the institution's development, which consists of a complex of methodical, material, technical and management projects with the determination of ways of their implementation, acquires an important importance in the conditions of innovative changes. It is emphasized that changes have also taken place in the personnel policy of educational institutions. Among the important tasks in the work with the pedagogical staff are defined: creation of favorable conditions for the profess
文章揭示了创新变革条件下的教育管理问题。乌克兰教育部门的改革进程决定了教育管理体制的质变问题。毕竟,乌克兰教育质量和教育改革的有效性取决于教育管理的重点。首先,这涉及到人事政策的制定、教育机构发展战略的制定、教育计划的制定以及教育组织形象的保证。对科学来源进行的分析表明,乌克兰已充分发展了教育管理的理论基础,并对现代条件下的管理制度进行了研究。因此,在 G. V. Yelnikova、L. M. Kalinina、O. I. Kasyanova、O . I.Marmazy, V. I. Maslova, T. I. Sushchenko 的著作中确定了教育管理变革的方向。据科学家们称,国内的教育管理理论正在经历一个复杂的转型期,正在深入探索科学研究的新方向,旨在实施新的教育管理政策愿景、现代世界教育组织管理模式。然而,对创新变革条件下的教育机构管理、制定教育机构发展战略、树立教育机构的良好形象、激励教职员工专业成长等问题的研究仍然不足。人们注意到,教育机构负责人对作为教育管理主导方向的创新管理的价值态度的培养,是通过实施新的管理活动方法来实现的:能力本位、公理、协同等。研究发现,在对管理活动的有效性产生重大影响的重要教育价值观中,可以区分出以下几种:法治、宽容、爱国主义、诚实、公正、信任、道德、学术诚信。因此,教育管理的内容应以价值为导向,并以有利的沟通、关系中的伙伴关系以及促进教职员工专业成长的激励制度为特征。研究发现,在创新变革的条件下,由一系列方法、物质、技术和管理项目组成并确定其实施方式的学校发展战略具有重要意义。需要强调的是,教育机构的人事政策也发生了变化。教学人员工作的重要任务包括:为每位教师和整个教学团队的专业发展创造有利条件;确保教育过程中所有参与者之间的良好沟通;为专业教学活动建立有效的激励制度;以及有效的领导。值得注意的是,在教育改革创新的条件下,管理子系统为教育机构树立良好形象的能力是管理者创新能力的特征。
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引用次数: 0
https://visnuk.dano.dp.ua/index.php/pma/issue/view/12 https://visnuk.dano.dp.ua/index.php/pma/issue/view/12
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引用次数: 0
USE OF THE SITUATION APPROACH IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SUSTAINABILITY OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES 在领土社区的可持续性管理中采用情境方法
Oleksandr Shevchenko
In Ukraine, in today's difficult conditions, it is necessary to use a set of modern tools for managing territorial communities for their further development. The article examines the essence of mechanisms of adaptability, stability and sustainability, which the management system of territorial communities should use to achieve successful functioning results in war conditions. Areas of adaptation of territorial communities to wartime conditions were considered, including: changing the territorial community management system; change in approaches to management; improvement of management technologies; introduction of management innovations aimed at improving the efficiency of local self-government bodies; stabilization of the community's financial condition due to the attraction of investors. It was found that three main approaches can be used to assess changes in the external environment of the functioning of territorial communities: systemic, process, situational, but it is better to focus on the last one. It is substantiated that constant monitoring of the situation in the community can help managers to respond quickly to changes, adjust their strategies in time, which will ensure the stability of territorial communities, which can be considered as the ability to adapt to crises and resist external challenges. It was emphasized that the challenges faced by the territorial communities from the first days of the full-scale invasion were: preservation of the effectiveness of the management system and their ability to fully function; protection of critical infrastructure facilities; provision of various types of supply; ensuring defense and law and order; ensuring the functioning of the civil protection system in conditions of threat; the ability to evacuate the population and effectively regulate the mass movement of people into the community; preservation of financial and economic stability. It was concluded that the situational approach is an effective tool for managing the development of rural areas and ensuring the stability of territorial communities. Its use allows community leaders to solve problems depending on the specific situation, involve the public in the decision-making process, and constantly monitor the situation in their communities.
在乌克兰,在当今的困难条件下,有必要使用一套现代工具来管理领土社区,以促进其进一步发展。文章探讨了适应性、稳定性和可持续性机制的本质,领土社区管理系统应利用这些机制在战争条件下取得成功的运作结果。文章考虑了领土社区适应战时条件的领域,包括:改变领土社区管理制度;改变管理方法;改进管理技术;引入旨在提高地方自治机构效率的管理创新;通过吸引投资者稳定社区财政状况。研究发现,可以采用三种主要方法来评估地方社区运作外部环境的变化:系统方法、过程方法和情境方法,但最好侧重于最后一种方法。事实证明,不断监测社区情况有助于管理者快速应对变化,及时调整战略,从而确保地域社区的稳定,这可以被视为适应危机和抵御外部挑战的能力。会议强调,从全面入侵的最初几天起,领土社区面临的挑战是:保持管理系统的有效性及其充分发挥作用的能力;保护重要的基础设施;提供各种供应;确保国防和法律秩序;确保平民保护系统在受到威胁的情况下发挥作用;有能力疏散人口并有效控制人口向社区的大规模流动;保持金融和经济稳定。结论是,情景方法是管理农村地区发展和确保领土社区稳定的有效工具。使用这种方法,社区领导人可以根据具体情况解决问题,让公众参与决策过程,并不断监测其社区的情况。
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引用次数: 0
USE OF INNOVATIVE FORMS OF LEARNING IN THE EDUCATION SYSTEM OF PUBLIC SERVANTS 在公务员教育系统中采用创新的学习形式
Kateryna Romanenko, Nataliia Shevchenko
The article examines the possibility of applying innovative forms of education for professional training of public servants in view of the need for their effective work in the conditions of European integration, the formation of a democratic state, and the development of civil society in Ukraine. It was determined that the sphere of human activity is constantly expanding, and until recently the universal concept of "state service" was supplemented by the concept of "public service" in the national legislative practice. Today, public service in the broadest sense is carried out by employees of all state power organizations, state enterprises and institutions, local self-government bodies, communal enterprises, in a narrow sense - it is the activity of officials of state authorities and local self-government bodies. It was found that in order to ensure the provision of quality services to citizens and the effective performance of their duties, public servants must constantly update their knowledge and skills, as well as constantly develop professional competences. It was determined that the processes of training and development of competencies of public service specialists are affected by the use of various forms of training, among which it is worth highlighting mixed training that combines traditional training methods with online resources. The peculiarities of the implementation of online, dual and mixed forms of education are considered. It was found that the network form of education is a way of organizing the education of education seekers with the participation of various subjects of educational activity interacting with each other on a contractual basis, the dual form of education involves combining the training of individuals in educational institutions with training at workplaces, the mixed form requires flexibility and taking into account the peculiarities of work in the field of public administration. It was concluded that innovative forms of education are important for the development of the modern educational system of training and professional development of public servants, and it is expedient to use such forms of education as online, dual and their combination - mixed education. These forms can be effective options for obtaining education for public servants, provide accessibility, flexibility and individualization of education, help increase the level of qualification and training of public servants for better performance of their duties.
鉴于在欧洲一体化、民主国家的形成和乌克兰公民社会的发展条件下公务员有效工作的需要,文章探讨了采用创新教育形式对公务员进行专业培训的可能性。据确定,人类活动的领域在不断扩大,直到最近,在国家立法实践中,"国家公务 "的普遍概念才由 "公共服务 "的概念加以补充。今天,广义上的公共服务由所有国家权力组织、国有企业和机构、地方自治机构、社区企业的雇员执行,狭义上的公共服务是指国家机关和地方自治机构官员的活动。研究发现,为了确保向公民提供优质服务和有效履行职责,公务员必须不断更新知识和技能,不断提高专业能力。经确定,公共服务专家的培训和能力发展过程受到各种培训形式的影响,其中值得强调的是将传统培训方法与在线资源相结合的混合培训。研究考虑了实施网络教育、双重教育和混合教育形式的特殊性。研究发现,网络教育形式是一种组织求学者接受教育的方式,各教育活动主体在合同的基础上参与互动;双重教育形式涉及将个人在教育机构的培训与工作场所的培训相结合;混合教育形式需要灵活性,并考虑到公共行政领域工作的特殊性。结论是,创新的教育形式对于发展公务员培训和职业发展的现代教育体系非常重要,采用在线教育、双重教育以及两者的结合--混合教育等教育形式是适宜的。这些形式可以成为公务员获得教育的有效选择,提供教育的可获得性、灵活性和个性化,有助于提高公务员的资格和培训水平,从而更好地履行职责。
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引用次数: 0
FEATURES OF THE DECENTRALIZED MODEL OF PUBLIC MANAGEMENT OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 欧洲国家普通中等教育公共管理非集中化模式的特点
Yevheniia Shypitsyna
The article examines decentralized models of general secondary education management in Poland and Germany. It was revealed that reforming the system of public administration in the field of education became a component of preparation for European integration. However, the specific steps of the transformation of the management system in today's conditions involve not only the introduction of elements of European models of education management into domestic education, but also a comprehensive analysis of their positive and negative impact on the functioning of the educational system. It was determined that many countries of the European Union consider the idea of introducing a decentralized model of education management to be progressive, therefore, studying the experience of the functioning of mechanisms of public management of the education system of European countries is instructive for the post-war development of the education management system in Ukraine. The article notes that in Poland, the management of reform processes and activities of secondary education institutions is carried out by self-governing bodies. Here, the powers of the public regarding control over the activities of educational institutions of local communities are maximally expanded, which are strengthened by the organizational and financial responsibility of local authorities for the development of education. Financing of school education in Poland is carried out from the state budget, and local self-government bodies set the rules for paying teachers, are responsible for investing in education, and set the rules for receiving and using private funds by schools. It is noted that the decentralized system of education management in Germany is determined by its federal structure: each state conducts its own educational policy. It was concluded that the democratization of the society of Poland and Germany is characterized by the search for such options of education management that would most successfully ensure the support of educational institutions from the local community. In these countries, it was considered expedient to abandon the system of centralized management of the network of educational institutions and transfer responsibility to the local executive authorities in whose territory they are located. The considered experience of functioning of the decentralized model can be useful when introducing similar models in Ukraine.
文章研究了波兰和德国普通中等教育管理的权力下放模式。结果表明,教育领域的公共管理系统改革已成为欧洲一体化准备工作的一部分。然而,在当今条件下转变管理体制的具体步骤不仅包括将欧洲教育管理模式的要素引入国内教育,还包括全面分析其对教育系统运作的积极和消极影响。文章认为,许多欧盟国家都认为引入分散式教育管理模式是一种进步,因此,研究欧洲国家教育系统公共管理机制的运作经验对乌克兰战后教育管理体制的发展具有指导意义。文章指出,在波兰,中等教育机构的改革进程和活动由自治机构管理。在这里,公众对地方社区教育机构活动的控制权得到了最大限度的扩展,地方当局对教育发展的组织和财政责任加强了这种控制权。波兰的学校教育经费由国家预算提供,地方自治机构制定教师工资支付规则,负责教育投资,并制定学校接收和使用私人资金的规则。值得注意的是,德国教育管理的分权制度是由其联邦结构决定的:各州执行自己的教育政策。 结论是,波兰和德国社会民主化的特点是寻求最能确保教育机构得到当地社区支持的教育管理方案。在这些国家,放弃教育机构网络的集中管理制度,将责任移交给教育机构所在地的地方行政当局,被认为是权宜之计。在乌克兰引入类似模式时,所考虑的权力下放模式的运作经验可能是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
PROSPECTS OF APPLICATION OF THE EXPERIENCE OF INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF LOBBYING IN THE USA IN THE DOMESTIC SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 美国游说制度化经验在国内公共行政体系中的应用前景
Oleksandr Vinnychenko
Based on domestic and foreign sources, the article analyzes the experience of the USA regarding the institutionalization of lobbying activities and makes a generalization about the possibility of its use in the domestic system of public administration. It is shown that the goals of the institutionalization of lobbying activities are to ensure the rights of citizens to participate in the adoption and implementation of management decisions and the activities of government bodies in general. It is substantiated that the development of lobbying contributes to the effectiveness of public control in interactions between state structures and interest groups, which is a mechanism for minimizing corruption. It is noted that the USA is a kind of standard for the institutionalization of lobbying in the system of public administration, since it was here that it was started in its modern form and it is here that legislation on lobbying has the longest history and, accordingly, detailed regulation of the object of regulation. For domestic legislators, the systematic development of the conceptual apparatus in the field of lobbying activity regulation, which includes the definition of 16 terms, is primarily important in this law. The law regulates not only the relations between lobbyists and legislators, but lobbying activities in the sphere of executive power. US lobbying legislation also defines the characteristics of lobbying activity as professional, and also has a perfect procedure for registration and submission of quarterly reports of lobbyists and a system of penalties for violations of lobbying legislation. At the same time, it is shown that the American system of lobbying regulation was not very effective in combating political corruption in the US legislative system. It was concluded that the American legislation on the regulation of lobbying can be taken as a basis for the development of the most important component of domestic legislation related to the definition of the subject and lobbying activity, as well as the concept of this activity itself. And this is the main prerequisite for successful public-management regulation of the functioning of this institute in a standardized form, which is an urgent task for the development of the domestic public management system.
文章根据国内外资料来源,分析了美国在游说活动制度化方面的经验,并对其在国内公共行政系统中使用的可能性进行了归纳。文章指出,游说活动制度化的目标是确保公民有权参与管理决策的通过和执行以及政府机构的一般活动。事实证明,游说活动的发展有助于在国家机构和利益集团之间的互动中提高公共控制的有效性,这是一种最大限度减少腐败的机制。需要指出的是,美国是公共行政体系中游说制度化的一种标准,因为游说的现代形式正是在这里开始的,也正是在这里,关于游说的立法历史最为悠久,因此对监管对象也有详细的规定。对于国内立法者来说,游说活动监管领域概念机制的系统发展,包括 16 个术语的定义,在本法中具有重要意义。该法不仅规范游说者与立法者之间的关系,还规范行政权力领域的游说活动。美国游说立法还将游说活动的特点定义为专业性,并制定了完善的游说者登记和提交季度报告的程序,以及违反游说立法的处罚制度。同时,研究表明,美国的游说监管制度在打击美国立法体系中的政治腐败方面并不十分有效。结论是,美国的游说监管立法可以作为制定国内立法中与游说主体和游说活动的定义以及游说活动本身的概念有关的最重要组成部分的基础。这也是以标准化形式对该机构的运作进行成功的公共管理监管的主要先决条件,这是发展国内公共管理系统的一项紧迫任务。
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引用次数: 0
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC SERVICE PERSONNEL IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION 欧洲一体化背景下的公共服务人员战略管理
Nataliia Volkova
The article is devoted to the study of strategic aspects of human resources management in the context of European integration. The study focuses on innovative approaches to human resources management that will help to increase its efficiency and compliance with European standards. In particular, the need for staff development and the introduction of digital technologies in HR is discussed. The key aspects of HRM standards in the public service in the European Union that can be revealed through the career model, gender approach and their integration into policies and programs are considered. The paper notes that Ukraine, as a candidate for EU accession, should implement European standards of public administration. In particular, this means that Ukrainian civil servants must understand the approaches and procedures of the EU supranational bodies, have in-depth knowledge of EU law in their field, and manage the full cycle of its implementation - analyze inconsistencies, develop changes with an impact assessment, consult with key stakeholders, develop the necessary legislation, apply project management for its implementation after adoption, and assess its impact during implementation. Among the hard skills for Ukrainian civil servants, knowledge of English and other EU languages is important, and among the soft skills, it is important to have a "customer focus" in their professional activities. The article notes that the public service HR management strategy should be developed on the basis of the public service strategy, taking into account the analysis of the current situation, when formulating the objectives of HR policy and specific measures and recommendations of experts. This process is cyclical and dynamic, since the HRM strategy should be in line with changes in policy, legislation and social requirements. The article determines that European standards of HR management in the public service may differ from Ukrainian standards in terms of the level of professional training and development of personnel, their ethical behavior, transparency and openness of procedures, as well as the system of evaluation and incentives.
文章专门研究欧洲一体化背景下人力资源管理的战略问题。研究重点是有助于提高人力资源管理效率和符合欧洲标准的创新方法。特别是讨论了工作人员发展和在人力资源中引入数字技术的必要性。研究还考虑了欧盟公共服务领域人力资源管理标准的主要方面,这些方面可以通过职业模式、性别方法及其与政策和计划的整合来揭示。本文指出,乌克兰作为加入欧盟的候选国,应执行欧洲公共行政标准。具体而言,这意味着乌克兰公务员必须了解欧盟超国家机构的方法和程序,深入了解其领域的欧盟法律,并管理其实施的整个周期--分析不一致之处,制定影响评估的变革,与主要利益相关者协商,制定必要的立法,在立法通过后实施项目管理,并在实施过程中评估其影响。在乌克兰公务员的硬技能中,英语和其他欧盟语言知识非常重要;在软技能中,在专业活动中以 "客户为中心 "非常重要。文章指出,公共服务人力资源管理战略应在公共服务战略的基础上制定,在制定人力资源政策目标和具体措施及专家建议时,应考虑到对现状的分析。这一过程是循环和动态的,因为人力资源管理战略应与政策、立法和社会要求的变化保持一致。 文章认为,在人员的专业培训和发展水平、道德行为、程序的透明度和公开性以及评估和激励制度方面,欧洲的公共服务人力资源管理标准可能不同于乌克兰的标准。
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Dnipro Academy of Continuing Education Herald. Series: Public Management and Administration
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