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The Impact of Corporate Governance with Mediating Effect of Digital Innovation on Firm Performance 具有数字创新中介效应的公司治理对企业绩效的影响
Pub Date : 2022-05-12 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2210
Sabah Younus, Muhammad Shaukat Malik, Shahzadi Satar
Purpose: The COVID-19 issue emphasized the significance of strong governance in changing the firm's actions because there are still health hazards (Ashraf, 2020). With the pandemic scenario, digital innovation, adoption, and integration into practical activities and operations is critical for any organization seeking a long-term competitive edge (Grove, 2018). The current study is an attempt to understand the impact of corporate governance on firm performance with the mediating role of digital innovation Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on the most convenient sample approach, the Punjab banking industry has been considered. The questionnaire survey approach was used, and survey results were gathered through both online and in-person contacts Findings: The results obtained show that digital innovation has reduced the effect of Board Size and Board Diversity while the effect of Board Independence, Board Committees and Frequency of yearly conducted meetings held in a year were diverted from their directions in the results of indirect effect.  Implications/Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by illuminating the aspects that might form the foundation for the creation of enhanced company performance. Following the global emergence of a pandemic, there has been very little literature work identified building a solid relational foundation.
目的:COVID-19问题强调了强有力的治理在改变公司行为方面的重要性,因为仍然存在健康危害(Ashraf, 2020)。在大流行的情况下,对于任何寻求长期竞争优势的组织来说,数字创新、采用和整合到实际活动和运营中都是至关重要的(Grove, 2018)。本研究试图通过数字创新设计/方法论/方法的中介作用来理解公司治理对公司绩效的影响:基于最方便的样本方法,旁遮普省银行业已被考虑。采用问卷调查的方法,通过在线和面对面接触收集调查结果。结果表明:数字创新降低了董事会规模和董事会多样性的影响,而董事会独立性、董事会委员会和一年内举行年度会议的频率的影响在间接影响的结果中偏离了它们的方向。启示/原创性/价值:本研究通过阐明可能构成提高公司绩效的基础的方面,对文献有所贡献。在全球大流行出现之后,很少有文献工作确定建立坚实的关系基础。
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引用次数: 1
SMEs Behavioral Intention towards Usage of Financial Products: A Comparative Study of Islamic and Conventional Banks in Pakistan 中小企业金融产品使用行为意向:巴基斯坦伊斯兰银行与传统银行的比较研究
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2203
R. Rasheed, Sulaman Hafeez Siddiqui, Muhammad Arif
Purpose:  This study has emphasized that understanding SMEs’ financial behavior towards Islamic/conventional banking products is prerequisite for policy makers and managers of banking and non-banking financial institutions. Design/Methodology/Approach:  A conceptual framework has been discussed in present study to understand financial behavior of SMEs towards adoption of conventional or Islamic financial products. Moreover, to identify the determinants of SMEs owner-managers behavioral intention which influence their financial decisions towards adoption of Islamic/conventional banking products. Findings: Prior research highlighted that for growth and development of SME sector it’s vital to fulfill their financial needs. In Islamic countries like Pakistan a large population of SME owner-managers interested towards Islamic financial products, however, current study has presented a conceptual framework and after examining these determinants study will explore which factors influencing SMEs intention to adopt Islamic/conventional financial products.   Implications/Originality/Value:  The study will help the global and Pakistan banking industry (both Islamic and conventional) to look into the areas which are ignored and need attention, which is necessary for the growth of both sector of banking industry as well as for the growth of SMEs.             
目的:本研究强调了解中小企业对伊斯兰/传统银行产品的金融行为是银行和非银行金融机构决策者和管理者的先决条件。设计/方法/途径:本研究讨论了一个概念框架,以了解中小企业采用传统或伊斯兰金融产品的金融行为。此外,确定影响中小企业采用伊斯兰/传统银行产品的财务决策的所有者-经理行为意向的决定因素。研究发现:前期研究表明,满足中小企业的融资需求对中小企业的成长和发展至关重要。在巴基斯坦等伊斯兰国家,有大量中小企业业主经理对伊斯兰金融产品感兴趣,然而,目前的研究提出了一个概念框架,在检查了这些决定因素后,研究将探讨哪些因素影响中小企业采用伊斯兰/传统金融产品的意愿。影响/原创性/价值:该研究将帮助全球和巴基斯坦银行业(包括伊斯兰和传统)研究被忽视和需要关注的领域,这对于银行业和中小企业的增长都是必要的。
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引用次数: 2
Women’s Empowerment in Punjab: An Analysis of Socio-Cultural Challenges 旁遮普省妇女赋权:社会文化挑战分析
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2140
H. Rashid
Purpose: Women empowerment is a rapidly growing theme that inspires women to feel courageous and do what they feel they cannot do. Women seem far behind compared to men when it comes to participation in different sectors, particularly the economy and politics. Punjab is the largest province of Pakistan in terms of population. Here, women are more in number than men and constitute 51.8% of the province’s total population. Despite being outnumbered, women lag far behind in terms of availability and access to resources and opportunities. A notable disparity can be observed in economic, political, and social sectors. The research intends to explore the key socio-cultural challenges that hinder the way of women towards empowerment in the province of Punjab. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study adopts a qualitative research design to explore the selected phenomenon. Under the particular paradigm, the case study method is selected by the researcher. Findings: The socio-cultural conditions are progressive and favorable for women in Punjab, compared to the rest of the provinces still, women do not feel empowered. The primary challenges to empowerment include Patriarchy, a less supportive family system, domestic violence and abuses, and misinterpretation of the religious teachings. Implications/Originality/Value: Transformation in traditional socio-cultural patterns, Redefining the gender roles and responsibilities, means of communications, support of men, and women themselves can act as agents of re-shaping the power structures.
目的:赋予女性权力是一个迅速发展的主题,它激励女性勇敢地去做她们觉得自己做不到的事情。在不同领域,尤其是在经济和政治领域,女性似乎远远落后于男性。旁遮普省是巴基斯坦人口最多的省份。在这里,女性的数量多于男性,占全省总人口的51.8%。尽管在数量上处于劣势,但妇女在获得资源和机会方面远远落后。在经济、政治和社会领域可以观察到明显的差距。这项研究旨在探讨阻碍旁遮普省妇女获得权力的关键社会文化挑战。设计/方法/方法:本研究采用定性研究设计来探讨所选现象。在特定的范式下,案例研究方法由研究者选择。调查结果:旁遮普省的社会文化条件是进步的,对妇女有利,但与其他省份相比,妇女仍然没有感受到权力。赋权的主要挑战包括父权制、缺乏支持性的家庭制度、家庭暴力和虐待以及对宗教教义的误解。影响/原创性/价值:传统社会文化模式的转变、重新定义性别角色和责任、通讯手段、男子的支持和妇女本身可以作为重新塑造权力结构的代理人。
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引用次数: 2
Creative Writing and Publishing Problems of Educational Research in Pakistan 巴基斯坦教育研究的创意写作与出版问题
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2171
Shabnam Bibi, Muhammad Nawaz
Purpose: The reason of this research article is presents some principles establish in creative writing and publishing the article in any journal.  Paper publishing is a very tough job and time-consuming process mostly in Pakistan. Even within Pakistan, there are a lot of journals we have, who making difficult to decide what appropriate venue is for one’s research and creative writing.  Luckily, many of the obstacles along the writing and publishing path can be avoided by following some simple guidelines and practices. Methodology: The methodology of the research paper is supported on literature review and articles. Essential issues and barriers of publishing a research paper in any journal and conference is the aim of this study. By using examples of technology based learning and by explaining from literature review the manuscript acquired an interdisciplinary stance. Findings: findings of the study were made the understanding how to solve problems in creative writing and publishing problems of educational research in Pakistan. (a) Lake knowledge of important parts of a research paper. (b) Lake knowledge of how to describe data in data analyses. (c) Some may have weak critical thinking or brainstorming skills. (d) Some are not able to craft an impeccable research paper which lands in either of the HEC approved journals or in any international journal. (e) Few Researcher try to seek help from some external sources which may appear to offer them cheap research papers but in the end, may eventually rob them of a lot of money and will deliver them deplorable research papers.
目的:本研究的目的是介绍创意写作和在任何期刊上发表文章的一些原则。在巴基斯坦,论文出版是一项非常艰难和耗时的工作。即使在巴基斯坦国内,我们也有很多期刊,很难决定一个人的研究和创意写作的合适地点。幸运的是,通过遵循一些简单的指导方针和实践,可以避免写作和出版道路上的许多障碍。研究方法:研究论文的方法以文献综述和文章为基础。在任何期刊和会议上发表研究论文的基本问题和障碍是本研究的目的。通过使用基于技术的学习的例子和通过从文献综述中解释,手稿获得了跨学科的立场。研究发现:研究发现对如何解决巴基斯坦教育研究中创意写作和出版问题的理解。(a)了解研究论文的重要部分。(b)缺乏如何在数据分析中描述数据的知识。(c)有些人可能缺乏批判性思维或头脑风暴技巧。(d)有些人无法在高等教育委员会认可的期刊或任何国际期刊上发表一篇无可挑剔的研究论文。(e)很少有研究人员试图从一些外部来源寻求帮助,这些外部来源似乎可以为他们提供廉价的研究论文,但最终可能会抢走他们很多钱,并将向他们提供糟糕的研究论文。
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引用次数: 1
Examining the Impact of Leadership Competencies on the Performance of Projects: The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction 领导能力对项目绩效的影响研究:工作满意度的中介作用
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2167
Khansa Masood, Warda Gul, Imran Sadiq, Bushra Saeed
Purpose: This research aimed to determine leadership competencies (emotional, managerial, and intellectual) on Punjab police project performance (Pakistan). In addition, the study attempted to see if job satisfaction had a mediation effect on the association between Leadership Competencies and project performance. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study used quantitative approach Data was collected from 151 members of the Punjab Police Lahore Safe City in Pakistan using a questionnaire and structural equation modeling technique was used to validate the study model. Findings: This research has a wide range of implications on a scholastic and managerial level. According to the findings, job satisfaction among team members is associated with leadership competency (managerial, emotional, and intellectual competency), as well as "personal growth and development, supervision-human ties, and advancement chances and compensation." The results also demonstrate that intellectual leadership competency can improve team member interactions and strengthen team leader-team member ties by improving interconnectivity. Implications/Originality/Value: This study is the first to existing empirical evidence supporting the anticipation of considerable advantages from strengthening the competency of police project leaders. This paper adds significant value to the relevant body of knowledge by establishing a correlation between leadership skill, job satisfaction, and project performance.
目的:本研究旨在确定旁遮普警察项目绩效的领导能力(情感、管理和智力)。此外,本研究试图了解工作满意度是否对领导能力与项目绩效之间的关系有中介作用。设计/方法/方法:本研究采用定量方法,通过问卷调查和结构方程建模技术对巴基斯坦旁遮普省警察拉合尔安全城市的151名成员进行数据收集,并对研究模型进行验证。研究结果:本研究在学术和管理层面具有广泛的意义。根据研究结果,团队成员的工作满意度与领导能力(管理、情感和智力能力)、“个人成长和发展、监督与人际关系、晋升机会和薪酬”有关。研究结果还表明,智性领导能力可以改善团队成员的互动,并通过提高团队的互联性来加强团队领导与团队成员之间的联系。启示/原创性/价值:本研究是第一个对现有的经验证据支持预期通过加强警察项目领导人的能力获得相当大的优势。本文通过建立领导技能、工作满意度和项目绩效之间的相关性,为相关的知识体系增加了重要的价值。
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引用次数: 1
Feeling Black & Blue yet at Work: Physical Job Stressors and Sickness Presenteeism with the Moderation of Organizational Justice 在工作中感到忧郁:身体工作压力和带病出勤与组织公正的调节
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2207
Pireh Sikandar, Abdur Rahman Aleemi, Muhammad Irshad, Sundus
Purpose: Cutthroat competition between the organizations has created tremendous job demands for employees, leading to increased implications for occupational health. This study investigated the impact of physical job stressors, i.e., workplace ergonomics, working conditions, and physical demands, on sickness presenteeism and the moderation of organizational justice (OJ). All the three dimensions of Organizational Justice, namely distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice, were used as a moderator. Design/Methodology/Approach: The current paper follows the positivism approach, and therefore, responses were collected on a structured questionnaire following a quantitative technique. The respondents belonged to the banking industry of Karachi. Using a two-step approach, structural equation modeling on smart PLS was used for analysis. Findings: Findings indicate that physical job stressors, i.e., workplace ergonomics, physical demands, and working conditions, statistically impact sickness presenteeism. Implications/Originality/Value: Furthermore, organizational justice alleviated the impact of physical job stressors on sickness presenteeism. This paper lays down implications for organizations as well as future research.
目的:各组织之间的残酷竞争为雇员创造了巨大的工作需求,从而增加了对职业健康的影响。本研究探讨了工作场所人体工程学、工作条件和身体需求等生理压力源对员工病假出勤和组织公正调节的影响。组织公平的三个维度,即分配公平、程序公平和互动公平,都被用作调节因子。设计/方法/方法:目前的论文遵循实证主义的方法,因此,响应收集在一个结构化的问卷以下定量技术。受访者属于卡拉奇的银行业。采用两步法,对智能PLS进行了结构方程建模分析。研究结果:研究结果表明,物理工作压力源,即工作场所人体工程学,物理需求和工作条件,统计上影响疾病出勤率。启示/原创性/价值:此外,组织公平感可以缓解身体工作压力源对病假出勤的影响。本文提出了对组织和未来研究的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Islamic Finance: A Catalyst for Sustainable Development of Developed and Developing Countries 伊斯兰金融:发达国家和发展中国家可持续发展的催化剂
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2209
Q. Khan, A. Zafar, Saba Shabbir, Rehana Kouser
Purpose: Islamic finance includes arranging financial transactions and financial instruments to satisfy traditional Islamic institutions that oppose interest and participation in gambling. Design/Methodology: The study has included a sample for eight years (2011-2018) of 19 developed and developing countries. The study used the global Islamic finance country index and sustainable development index to compel the data concerning the main variables. The data for Economic development and financial development have been collected from the world development indicator database of the World Bank. To moderate the problem of endogeneity generalized method of movement has been used as diagnostic testing. Findings: Results of GMM shows that two variables broad money and the Gross domestic product have a positive relationship with the Islamic Finance country index but the Stock traded turnover ratio, Sustainable development, and Market capitalization has a negative. Research limitations/implications: The stock traded turnover ratio has significantly related to the dependent variable. Broad money has a positive significant relationship with the dependent variable in both countries developed and developing.
目的:伊斯兰金融包括安排金融交易和金融工具,以满足反对赌博兴趣和参与的传统伊斯兰机构。设计/方法:该研究包括了19个发达国家和发展中国家为期8年(2011-2018)的样本。本研究采用全球伊斯兰金融国家指数和可持续发展指数对主要变量的数据进行强制。经济发展和金融发展数据来源于世界银行世界发展指标数据库。为了缓和内生性问题,采用广义运动法作为诊断试验。研究发现:GMM结果显示,广义货币和国内生产总值两个变量与伊斯兰金融国家指数呈正相关,而股票交易周转率、可持续发展和市值呈负相关。研究局限/启示:股票换手率与因变量显著相关。广义货币与因变量在发达国家和发展中国家均呈显著正相关。
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引用次数: 1
Forecasting Inflation, Exchange Rate, and GDP using ANN and ARIMA Models: Evidence from Pakistan 使用人工神经网络和ARIMA模型预测通货膨胀、汇率和GDP:来自巴基斯坦的证据
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2147
Laila Hussain, Bushra Ghufran, A. Ditta
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to specify an efficient forecast model for the accurate prediction of macroeconomic variables in the context of Pakistan. Design/Methodology/Approach: We particularly investigate the comparative accuracy of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models-based predictions using monthly data of inflation, exchange rate, and GDP from 1990 to 2014. Findings: According to our findings, the ANN-based forecasted inflation series is more precise as compared to ARIMA-based estimates. On the contrary, the ARIMA model outperforms the ANN model for exchange rate forecasts with the forecasted values being very close to the actual values. Further, ARIMA performs comparatively better in forecasting GDP with relatively smaller forecast error. On the whole, our findings suggest the ARIMA model provides appropriate results for forecasting exchange rates and GDP, while the ANN model offers precise estimates of inflation. Implications/Originality/Value: Our findings have important implications for the analysts and policymakers highlighting the need to use appropriate forecasting models that are well aligned with the structure of an economy.                                   
目的:本研究的目的是指定一个有效的预测模型,以准确预测巴基斯坦背景下的宏观经济变量。设计/方法/方法:我们特别研究了人工神经网络(ANN)和基于自回归综合移动平均(ARIMA)模型的预测的比较准确性,使用1990年至2014年的通货膨胀、汇率和GDP的月度数据。研究结果:根据我们的研究结果,与基于arima的估计相比,基于人工神经网络的预测通胀系列更为精确。相反,ARIMA模型在汇率预测方面优于ANN模型,预测值与实际值非常接近。此外,ARIMA预测GDP的效果相对较好,预测误差相对较小。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,ARIMA模型为预测汇率和GDP提供了适当的结果,而ANN模型提供了对通货膨胀的精确估计。启示/原创性/价值:我们的发现对分析师和政策制定者有重要启示,强调需要使用与经济结构相一致的适当预测模型。
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引用次数: 2
Analysis of Customer Satisfaction to Internal Ambiance of Vehicles using Predictive Analytic Modeling 基于预测分析模型的汽车内部环境顾客满意度分析
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2227
Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Azam Khan, Muhammad Saad, Lala Rukh Sultan
Purpose: The main reason behind carrying out this research is to explain the current position of Pakistan’s automobile industry, what the customer expectations are and what they are doing to achieve quality standards and to meet the expectations of the customer and fulfill their satisfaction.The combination of questions addressed in this research has not been worked upon before(Adeel, 2019) Design/Methodology/Approach: As per the nature of this study, non-random sampling techniques used to collect the data. The sample size for current study was 231 customers of local and important vehicles as participants selected. To test the proposed model, a structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Findings: Results that arise in quantitative data show customer satisfaction towards internal features of vehicles and successfully identify what factors having the highest impact on customer satisfaction are feeling, interior refinement, safety and ambient light Implications/Originality/Value: This will aid car manufacturers to do better market segmentation to target customers living in different cities of Pakistan as well as aid car dealers to know their customer needs regarding car. Moreover, when bigger sample size is used results may be differ from our results as more people will be engaged in survey from all over Pakistan that will help future researchers to know psychographic of people living in non-identical places of Pakistan.
目的:开展这项研究的主要原因是为了解释巴基斯坦汽车工业的现状,客户的期望是什么,他们正在做什么来达到质量标准,满足客户的期望,满足他们的满意度。本研究中解决的问题组合以前没有研究过(Adeel, 2019)设计/方法/方法:根据本研究的性质,使用非随机抽样技术收集数据。当前研究的样本量为231名本地和重要车辆的客户作为参与者选择。为了检验提出的模型,我们使用结构化问卷来收集数据。结果:定量数据的结果显示了客户对车辆内部功能的满意度,并成功地确定了对客户满意度影响最大的因素是感觉、内饰精致、安全性和环境光。影响/原创性/价值:这将有助于汽车制造商更好地细分市场,针对生活在巴基斯坦不同城市的目标客户,并帮助汽车经销商了解他们的客户对汽车的需求。此外,当使用更大的样本量时,结果可能与我们的结果不同,因为更多的人将参与来自巴基斯坦各地的调查,这将有助于未来的研究人员了解生活在巴基斯坦不同地方的人们的心理。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Impact of Project Management Methodology on Construction Project Success. Using Risk Management as a Mediator and Organizational Culture as a Moderator 考察项目管理方法对建设项目成功的影响。以风险管理为中介,以组织文化为调节
Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.26710/sbsee.v4i1.2188
Mahid Javiad, Muhammad Sajid, Khansa Masood, Zeeshan Khan
Purpose: The objective of this empirical study was to examine this relationship using 03 different dimensions of various elements of any Project management methodology i.e. having a comprehensive set of elements, supplementing missing elements & applying relevant elements, and assessing their impact on project success. Design/Methodology/Approach:  Data is collected from 261 respondents from the construction industry of Punjab, Pakistan with the help of a research questionnaire. Partial Least squared-Structural Equation modeling is used to analyze the data through Smart PLS. Findings: The results of this study indicate that all three dimensions have a significant and positive impact on project success. Furthermore, mediation by risk management and moderation by organizational culture is also found to be present in these relationships. Implications/Originality/Value: These results implicate that by using relevant dimensions of various elements of project management methodology, the project success rate can be enhanced for construction projects.  
目的:本实证研究的目的是使用任何项目管理方法的各种要素的03个不同维度来检验这种关系,即拥有一套全面的要素,补充缺失的要素并应用相关要素,并评估它们对项目成功的影响。设计/方法/方法:数据收集自旁遮普省建筑行业的261名受访者,巴基斯坦与研究问卷的帮助。运用偏最小二乘结构方程模型,通过Smart PLS对数据进行分析。研究发现:本研究的结果表明,所有三个维度对项目成功都有显著的积极影响。此外,风险管理的中介作用和组织文化的调节作用也存在于这些关系中。启示/原创性/价值:这些结果表明,通过使用项目管理方法的各种要素的相关维度,可以提高建筑项目的项目成功率。
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引用次数: 0
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Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies
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