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Fatigue failure of soft adhesive systems: A state-of-the-art review 软粘合剂系统的疲劳失效:最新技术综述
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100292
Chengbin Yao , Yan Xia , Zhuoran Yang , Zhongmeng Zhu , Zheyu Li , Han Jiang

Soft adhesive systems (SASs), which consist of a soft adhesive layer and/or soft adherends, have been extensively applied in advanced fields such as biomedicine, flexible electronics, and soft robotics. Understanding the fatigue failure of SASs is crucial for ensuring their structural safety and functional stability, as they are often subjected to fatigue loading. This paper systematically reviews the fatigue failure of SASs, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding and contribute to the study of fatigue failure mechanisms and lifetime prediction of SASs. The review starts by introducing classical research methods for fatigue failure of adhesive systems, with a focus on total fatigue lifetime and fatigue crack growth (FCG). After summarizing the complexity of fatigue failure in SASs, it provides an overview of fatigue research for the three types of SASs: “soft interface”, “soft adherend”, and “soft-soft” adhesive systems. Then, the relations between the fatigue failure and energy dissipation of various SASs are specifically discussed noting that significant energy dissipation accompanying the cyclic deformation of SASs during fatigue loading can substantially affect the final fatigue failure of SASs. Finally, the current unresolved issues and challenges in this field are presented.

软粘合系统(SAS)由软粘合层和/或软粘合剂组成,已广泛应用于生物医学、柔性电子和软机器人等先进领域。由于 SAS 经常承受疲劳载荷,因此了解 SAS 的疲劳失效对于确保其结构安全和功能稳定性至关重要。本文对 SAS 的疲劳失效进行了系统综述,旨在提供一个全面的理解,为 SAS 的疲劳失效机制研究和寿命预测做出贡献。综述首先介绍了粘合剂系统疲劳失效的经典研究方法,重点是总疲劳寿命和疲劳裂纹增长(FCG)。在总结了 SAS 疲劳破坏的复杂性后,综述了三种类型 SAS 的疲劳研究:"软界面"、"软粘合剂 "和 "软-软 "粘合剂系统。然后,具体讨论了各种 SAS 的疲劳失效与能量耗散之间的关系,指出在疲劳加载过程中伴随 SAS 循环变形的大量能量耗散会对 SAS 的最终疲劳失效产生重大影响。最后,介绍了该领域目前尚未解决的问题和面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Raining-inspired method for construction of porous film material 受雨水启发的多孔薄膜材料构建方法
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100293
Xiaomin Wang , Heyi Pan , Lin Lian , Xiangjun Gong , Yang Wang , Chaoqun Zhang

The low-temperature environment caused by solvent evaporation leads to the condensation of water vapor into water droplets that remain on the surface of the film to form breath figure patterns. The conventional approach to regulate the pore morphology in the breath figure process is to optimize the ambient temperature, humidity, and solution concentration. However, realizing a wide adjustable window of pore size and uniform distribution of the pore are still challenges. Here, inspired by the rainfall phenomenon, we proposed a simple and efficient method called the “raining boxing method” (RBM) for preparing porous films based on exogenously given water droplets as templates. The RBM broadened the adjustable window of pore size (0.6–225 µm in this work) and solved the inherent problem of radial reduction of pore size from the film center to the edge caused by the significant difference in low-temperature duration at different locations accompanying the solvent evaporation process. Furthermore, this method could realize multi-types porous films, including surface porous films, spongy porous films, and honeycomb porous films, and could be universally applied in the casting process of various polymer solutions.

溶剂蒸发造成的低温环境会导致水蒸气凝结成水滴,这些水滴留在薄膜表面,形成呼吸图纹。调节透气图形过程中孔隙形态的传统方法是优化环境温度、湿度和溶液浓度。然而,实现孔隙大小的宽可调窗口和孔隙的均匀分布仍然是一个挑战。在此,我们受降雨现象的启发,提出了一种简单而高效的方法,即 "降雨拳法"(RBM),用于以外加水滴为模板制备多孔薄膜。RBM 拓宽了孔径的可调窗口(本研究中为 0.6-225 µm),解决了溶剂蒸发过程中不同位置低温持续时间的显著差异导致孔径从薄膜中心向边缘径向减小的固有问题。此外,该方法可实现多类型多孔薄膜,包括表面多孔薄膜、海绵状多孔薄膜和蜂窝状多孔薄膜,可普遍应用于各种聚合物溶液的浇铸过程。
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引用次数: 0
Room temperature stable twist-bend nematic materials without crystallization over 1 year 室温下稳定扭弯向列材料 1 年不结晶
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100290
Conglong Yuan , Yuxing Zhan , Huixian Liu , Zhaoyi Wang , Ning Shen , Binghui Liu , Honglong Hu , Zhigang Zheng

The twist-bend nematic (NTB) phase of achiral liquid crystals (LCs) manifests a unique self-assembled heliconical structure with nanometer-scale pitch length, mirroring the chiral symmetry-breaking phenomena in nature, thus sparking widespread research interest. However, the ingenious NTB phase is only stable at high temperatures within a very limited temperature interval, often undergoing inevitable crystallization at low temperatures. Herein, room temperature supercooled NTB material systems composed of meticulously designed LC dimer mixtures with varying molecular curvatures and central flexibility were developed, resulting in complete resistance to crystallization even after 1 year of storage. Furthermore, the proposed NTB material systems demonstrated exceptional compatibility with common nematic LCs, facilitating the tailoring of overall physical parameters, particularly to achieve a sufficiently low bend elastic constant with excellent stability. This work represents a paradigmatic advancement forward in realizing stable NTB phase materials with a broad temperature range and resistance to crystallization, thereby tackling the enduring and seemingly insurmountable challenge while providing impetus for further exploration of their applications in soft matter, crystallography, and advanced photonics.

非手性液晶(LCs)的扭转弯曲向列(NTB)相表现出独特的自组装螺旋结构,其间距长度达到纳米级,反映了自然界中的手性对称破缺现象,因此引发了广泛的研究兴趣。然而,巧妙的 NTB 相只能在非常有限的温度区间内的高温下保持稳定,在低温下往往会发生不可避免的结晶。在此,我们开发了由精心设计的具有不同分子曲率和中心柔性的低聚物二聚体混合物组成的室温过冷 NTB 材料体系,即使在储存一年后也能完全防止结晶。此外,所提出的 NTB 材料体系与普通向列低聚物具有出色的兼容性,有助于定制整体物理参数,特别是实现足够低的弯曲弹性常数和出色的稳定性。这项工作代表了在实现具有宽温度范围和抗结晶性的稳定 NTB 相材料方面取得的典范性进展,从而解决了看似难以克服的持久挑战,同时为进一步探索其在软物质、晶体学和先进光子学中的应用提供了动力。
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引用次数: 0
Anti-impact composite based on shear stiffening gel: Structural design and multifunctional applications 基于剪切加固凝胶的抗冲击复合材料:结构设计与多功能应用
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100285
Yue Yao , Ziyang Fan , Min Sang , Xinglong Gong , Shouhu Xuan

With the development of intelligent protective wearable equipment, flexible materials with impact resistance have become a focus of attention. Shear stiffening gel (SSG) is a flexible smart material that can perceive external force loads and generate mechanical responses, boasting exceptional properties like fast response, adaptability, and self-healing. Since the SSG can absorb a large amount of energy during dynamic impact, it shows remarkable advantages for safety protection applications. During the past decade, there has been strong interests in the research community on the SSG composites and their various applications in cutting-edge fields. In this review, we summarize the recent research achievements of SSG composite, by focusing on the improved properties, enhanced functions, and manifold structures. Meanwhile, we also discuss the practical applications of SSG composite in battery protection, vibration control, intelligent sensing, wearable safety protection, and triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Finally, we propose the prospects and challenges for the further development and application of SSG composite in the future.

随着智能防护可穿戴设备的发展,具有抗冲击性能的柔性材料成为人们关注的焦点。剪切增韧凝胶(SSG)是一种柔性智能材料,能够感知外力负载并产生机械响应,具有快速响应、适应性强和自我修复等优异特性。由于 SSG 可以在动态冲击中吸收大量能量,因此在安全保护应用方面具有显著优势。过去十年间,研究界对 SSG 复合材料及其在尖端领域的各种应用产生了浓厚的兴趣。在这篇综述中,我们总结了 SSG 复合材料的最新研究成果,重点关注其性能的改善、功能的增强以及流形结构。同时,我们还讨论了 SSG 复合材料在电池保护、振动控制、智能传感、可穿戴安全保护和三电纳米发电机(TENG)中的实际应用。最后,我们提出了 SSG 复合材料未来进一步发展和应用的前景与挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Biodegradation of microbial plastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in soil ecosystems at different latitudes 不同纬度土壤生态系统中微生物塑料聚(3-羟基丁酸)的生物降解
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100288
Svetlana V. Prudnikova , Evgeniy G. Kiselev , Aleksey V. Demidenko , Ivan V. Nemtsev , Ekaterina I. Shishatskaya , Sabu Thomas , Tatiana G. Volova

The features of the degradation of the "green" plastic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)] in the soil of various geographical regions were studied: in red ferralitic soil under tropical conditions (Kerala, India) and in chernozem soil under conditions of a sharply continental climate (Eastern Siberia, Russia). Significant differences in the chemical composition, temperature, and humidity of the studied soils were revealed. The number of bacteria and mycelial fungi in the Siberian chernozem was higher than in the red soil of India, from 2-3 to 10 or more times. The degradation of P(3HB) films in the chernozem occurred faster than in the red soil, which was drier, with a low content of humus and minerals, and fewer microorganisms than the chernozem. The half-life of polymer samples in Siberia and India was 64.8 and 126.4 days, respectively. During degradation, a decrease in the molecular weight and an increase in the degree of crystallinity of polymer samples were revealed, which indicates a more active biodegradation of the amorphous phase of the polymer by soil microorganisms. The primary degraders of the polymer have been isolated and identified, and it has been shown that the complexes of degrading bacteria and fungi in different types of soils did not have common species. Despite the presence of species with pronounced depolymerase activity, the rate of film degradation in red ferralitic soils was slowed down by unfavorable environmental conditions. The obtained results confirm the importance of studying the process of PHA degradation in natural conditions.

研究了 "绿色 "塑料聚(3-羟基丁酸)[P(3HB)]在不同地理区域土壤中的降解特征:热带条件下的红铁质土壤(印度喀拉拉邦)和大陆性气候条件下的切尔诺泽姆土壤(俄罗斯东西伯利亚)。研究发现,所研究土壤的化学成分、温度和湿度存在显著差异。西伯利亚chernozem土壤中的细菌和菌丝真菌数量高于印度红壤,从2-3倍到10倍甚至更多。P(3HB)薄膜在chernozem中的降解速度快于红壤,因为红壤更干燥,腐殖质和矿物质含量低,微生物数量也少于chernozem。西伯利亚和印度聚合物样本的半衰期分别为 64.8 天和 126.4 天。在降解过程中,聚合物样本的分子量下降,结晶度增加,这表明土壤微生物对聚合物无定形相的生物降解更为活跃。聚合物的主要降解者已被分离和鉴定出来,并表明不同类型土壤中降解细菌和真菌的复合体没有共同的物种。尽管存在具有明显解聚酶活性的菌种,但在不利的环境条件下,红铁矿土壤中的薄膜降解速度减慢。研究结果证实了在自然条件下研究 PHA 降解过程的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanics of single-network hydrogels with network imperfection 具有网络缺陷的单网络水凝胶的力学特性
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100287
Zhi Sheng, Siqi Yan, Jie Ma, Jiabao Bai, Zihang Shen, Zheng Jia

Polymer network is a crucial component of hydrogels, and network imperfection is a prominent feature of polymer networks, significantly influencing the performance of hydrogels. Two essential features of network imperfection are unequal chain lengths and dangling chains, both of which have a significant impact on the mechanical properties of single-network (SN) hydrogels. However, a theoretical framework considering network imperfection in SN hydrogels is still lacking. Here, we propose a theoretical model for SN hydrogels with network imperfection to study the damage behavior during deformation, in which we adopt different chain length distributions to accurately depict the real physical characteristics of the polymer network and incorporate the normalized critical chain force for a more precise measurement of network damage. To verify our theory, we discuss the effects of model parameters on the stress-stretch responses of SN hydrogels and predict the results of uniaxial loading-unloading tests of SN hydrogels, which agree well with experimentally measured stress-stretch behaviors. Finally, we implement the constitutive model into ABAQUS as a user subroutine to study the inhomogeneous deformation of hydrogels.

聚合物网络是水凝胶的重要组成部分,而网络不完善是聚合物网络的一个突出特征,对水凝胶的性能有重大影响。网络不完善的两个基本特征是链长不等和悬链,两者都对单网络(SN)水凝胶的机械性能有重大影响。然而,目前仍缺乏考虑单网络水凝胶中网络不完善的理论框架。我们采用不同的链长分布来准确描述聚合物网络的真实物理特性,并结合归一化临界链力来更精确地测量网络损伤。为了验证我们的理论,我们讨论了模型参数对 SN 水凝胶应力拉伸响应的影响,并预测了 SN 水凝胶单轴加载-卸载试验的结果,结果与实验测量的应力拉伸行为非常吻合。最后,我们将构成模型作为用户子程序应用到 ABAQUS 中,以研究水凝胶的不均匀变形。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Facile, Versatile and Scalable Fabrication Approach of Solid, Coated, and Dissolving Microneedle Devices for Transdermal Drug Delivery Applications 开发用于透皮给药的固体、涂层和溶解微针设备的简便、多功能和可扩展的制造方法
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100284
Mohammad Hassan Shahriari , Hossein Salmani , Mohammad Akrami , Zeinab Salehi

Nowadays, microneedles as novel transdermal delivery systems are interested in scientists for biomedical applications. This work aims to present a Cascade Microneedle Molding Technique (CMMT) for the reusable fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds to produce microneedle devices. To produce a positive master mold from epoxy resin, a negative PDMS mold was first fabricated. PDMS can be molded, and microneedles can be fabricated using this epoxy mold in a scalable and cost-effective manner. These molds were used to manufacture solid, coated, and dissolving microneedles, which were characterized comprehensively. Microneedle morphology and geometry were evaluated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The mechanical integrity and ability to insert the microneedle device into the skin were assessed using compression strength analysis and force-displacement measurements. Drug penetration through animal skin was evaluated for Rhodamine B (RhB) loaded microneedles. The depth of needle insertion was also visualized using histological analysis while the spatial distribution of released cargo was determined by using confocal microscopy. Taken together, CMMT offers a simple, rapid, cost-effective, and scalable method for mass-producing microneedles with remarkable properties compared to direct 3D printing or laser ablation.

如今,微针作为新型透皮给药系统在生物医学应用领域受到科学家们的关注。这项研究旨在提出一种级联微针成型技术(CMMT),用于制造可重复使用的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)模具,以生产微针装置。为了用环氧树脂制作阳模,首先要制作阴模 PDMS。PDMS 可以成型,使用这种环氧树脂模具可以以可扩展和具有成本效益的方式制造微针。这些模具被用来制造固体微针、涂层微针和溶解微针,并对这些微针进行了全面的表征。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对微针的形态和几何形状进行了评估。使用压缩强度分析和力-位移测量法评估了微针装置的机械完整性和插入皮肤的能力。评估了负载罗丹明 B(RhB)的微针在动物皮肤中的药物渗透性。此外,还利用组织学分析观察了微针的插入深度,并利用共聚焦显微镜确定了释放货物的空间分布。综上所述,与直接三维打印或激光烧蚀相比,CMMT 提供了一种简单、快速、经济高效且可扩展的方法,用于大规模生产具有显著特性的微针。
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引用次数: 0
Tuning conditions for the amine-functionalization of carbonyls formed in biobased polyfurfuryl alcohol 生物基聚糠醇中形成的羰基胺功能化的调整条件。
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100283
Pierre Delliere, Nathanael Guigo

Biobased furan resins (furfuryl alcohol based) are functionalized by taking advantage of a side-reaction occurring during its polymerization. The furan ring-opening reactions yields carbonyls which can be functionalized by reaction with primary amines. Light is shed on unexplored parameters impacting the properties of PFA/Amine systems. First, PFA/Amines were prepared using PFA resins at conversion degree between 0.3 and 0.95. Overall, high conversion degrees (0.9 and above) are best suited to produce rigid materials. In addition, a precipitation process may be used to reach high Tg biobased materials (145 °C). Finally, the impact of the amines’ basicity on the properties of PFA/Amines was investigated. The results highlighted that PFAs at conversion degrees above 0.9 are little affected by the basicity. However, the properties of PFA functionalized at lower conversion degrees are strongly affected by the bases, i.e. high brittleness. This can be circumvented by limiting the functionalization degree to 0.25 and below.

生物基呋喃树脂(基于糠醇)是利用其聚合过程中发生的副反应进行功能化的。呋喃开环反应产生的羰基可通过与伯胺反应进行官能化。本研究揭示了影响 PFA/Amine 系统特性的未探索参数。首先,使用转化率在 0.3 至 0.95 之间的 PFA 树脂制备 PFA/胺。总体而言,高转化率(0.9 及以上)最适合生产刚性材料。此外,还可以使用沉淀工艺来达到生物基材料的高 Tg 值(145 °C)。最后,研究了胺的碱性对 PFA/Amines 性能的影响。结果表明,转化率高于 0.9 的 PFA 几乎不受碱性的影响。然而,转化度较低的官能化 PFA 的特性受碱的影响很大,即脆性较高。将官能化程度限制在 0.25 及以下可以避免这种情况。
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引用次数: 0
Mechanics manipulation in large-area organic solar modules achieving over 16.5 % efficiency 大面积有机太阳能电池组件中的机械操纵,实现超过 16.5% 的效率
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100286
Hao Gu , Juan Zhu , Haiyang Chen , Guang Zeng , Xining Chen , Xiaohua Tang , Jinfeng Xia , Tianjiao Zhang , Ben Zhang , Jiandong Zhang , Junyuan Ding , Yaowen Li , Yongfang Li

High-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) are typically produced through spin-coating, restricting their application to small areas. Blade-coating, however, emerging as a promising method for large-scale production, yet faces challenges in film morphology optimization, which often leads to reduced power conversion efficiency (PCE). This study delves into the influence of both liquid and solid additives on the morphology of active layer in blade-coated OSCs, comparing them with spin-coated counterparts, using the high-efficiency PM6:D18:BTP-eC9 active layer. For the first time, we discovered the distinct impacts of solid versus liquid additives on the film uniformity, phase separation and crystalline regulation in blade-coating technique. Our findings reveal that liquid additives in blade-coating trigger outward Marangoni flow, causing undesirable material aggregation and phase separation, thereby impairing device performances. Conversely, switching to solid additives, like 1,4-Diiodobenzene (DIB), prevents these detrimental changes in fluid mechanics and preserves the desired additive effects. We demonstrate that solid additives can significantly change these inferior behaviors introduced by liquid additives in blade-coating, regulate phase separation, enhance π-π accumulation and delay crystallization, and ultimately boost OSC efficiency. Using DIB solid additive, we achieved a PCE of 18.81 % in blade-coated devices. Scaling up by 252 times, the PCE of large-area OSC module (15.64 cm²) sustained at 16.70 % (certified 16.66 %), ranking among the highest efficiency for OSC modules reported so far. These modules also exhibited exceptional storage stability, retaining 98 % efficiency after 5880 h in a nitrogen atmosphere. This research also provides a comprehensive understanding from various film characterizations and the perspective of fluid mechanics normally lack in the research. This research not only establishes a new framework for high-performance and large-area OSC modules but also extends its findings to other OSC systems with different additives, demonstrating a roll-to-roll compatible technique.

高效有机太阳能电池(OSCs)通常是通过旋涂法生产的,这限制了其在小面积领域的应用。然而,刀片涂层作为一种有前景的大规模生产方法,在薄膜形态优化方面面临挑战,这往往会导致功率转换效率(PCE)降低。本研究利用高效 PM6:D18:BTP-eC9 活性层,深入研究了液体和固体添加剂对叶片涂层 OSC 活性层形态的影响,并与旋涂 OSC 进行了比较。我们首次发现了固态添加剂和液态添加剂对刀片涂层技术中薄膜的均匀性、相分离和结晶调节的不同影响。我们的研究结果表明,刀片涂层中的液体添加剂会引发向外的马兰戈尼流,造成不良的材料聚集和相分离,从而影响器件性能。相反,改用固体添加剂(如 1,4-二碘苯 (DIB))则可防止流体力学发生这些有害变化,并保持所需的添加剂效果。我们证明,固体添加剂可以显著改变液体添加剂在叶片涂层中带来的这些不良行为,调节相分离,增强 π-π 积累和延迟结晶,并最终提高 OSC 效率。利用 DIB 固体添加剂,我们在叶片涂层器件中实现了 18.81 % 的 PCE。放大 252 倍后,大面积 OSC 模块(15.64 平方厘米)的 PCE 维持在 16.70 %(认证值为 16.66 %),是迄今为止报道的效率最高的 OSC 模块之一。这些模块还表现出卓越的储存稳定性,在氮气环境中储存 5880 小时后仍能保持 98% 的效率。这项研究还从各种薄膜特性和研究中通常缺乏的流体力学角度提供了一个全面的认识。这项研究不仅为高性能和大面积 OSC 模块建立了一个新的框架,而且还将其研究成果扩展到了使用不同添加剂的其他 OSC 系统,展示了一种卷对卷兼容技术。
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引用次数: 0
Monofilaments of isosorbide-based tetrapolyesters with enhanced (bio)degradability prepared by a solid-state drawing process: Synthesis and struture-property relations 通过固态拉丝工艺制备的具有更强(生物)降解性的异山梨醇基四聚酯单丝:合成与结构-性能关系
IF 7 1区 化学 Q1 Materials Science Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.giant.2024.100281
Zhenguang Li , Yaning Wang , Jielin Xu , Jing Wu , Huaping Wang

To enhance the degradation rate of poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in the natural environment and to investigate the effect of modified monomers on the molding and structure of copolyester fibers, a series of isosorbide modified PBAT (PBIAT) tetrapolyesters were synthesized and monofilaments were prepared by solid-state drawing in this work. The experimental results revealed that the introduction of isosorbide formed a partial block structure in the molecular chain, and that a significant improvement in the properties of heat resistance and degradability of the copolyester was observed with the introduction of isosorbide. In the research of fiber forming and structure-property relationship by isosorbide, it was found that although the monofilament orientation process was affected by the V-shape structure of isosorbide, the change of the crystal structure under stress was similar to that of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The PBIAT monofilaments showed a decrease in the strength at break affected by the introduction of isosorbide but they still met the requirements for textile applications.

为了提高聚(己二酸丁二醇酯-对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)(PBAT)在自然环境中的降解率,并研究改性单体对共聚酯纤维成型和结构的影响,本研究合成了一系列异山梨醇改性 PBAT(PBIAT)四元共聚酯,并通过固态拉伸制备了单丝。实验结果表明,异山梨醇的引入在分子链中形成了部分嵌段结构,并且随着异山梨醇的引入,共聚聚酯的耐热性和降解性得到了显著改善。在研究异山梨醇醚的纤维成型和结构-性能关系时发现,虽然单丝取向过程受到异山梨醇醚 V 型结构的影响,但晶体结构在应力作用下的变化与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)相似。PBIAT 单丝在引入异山梨醇后,断裂强度有所下降,但仍能满足纺织品应用的要求。
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引用次数: 0
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