Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/JHIPH.2019.29466
Marwa El-Ashkar, Z. Gad, M. El-Borgy, Nevein Abdalla, N. El-Nimr
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for impaired oral health. Oral health knowledge is lacking among patients with diabetes. Objective(s): The objectives of the study were to assess the oral health condition of patients with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes, to assess knowledge and practice of patients with diabetes concerning oral health and to construct, implement and evaluate the impact of an educational program for patients with diabetes on their oral health, their knowledge and self-reported practice regarding oral health. Methods: A sample of 200 adult patients with diabetes mellitus attending two hospitals in Alexandria was included in the study. In phase 1, a cross sectional design was used and assessment of the patients’ diabetes control, their oral health condition, knowledge and self-reported practice was carried out. In phase 2, an educational oral health intervention program was constructed and its effect on the patients’ oral health condition, knowledge and self-reported practice was done. Results: Most patients with diabetes had unsatisfactory glycemic control, 27.5% had good knowledge, while 75% had poor oral health practice. The oral health condition of patients with satisfactory diabetes control was relatively better than those with unsatisfactory control. The knowledge score, practice, gingivitis, plaque and calculus indices improved after the intervention Conclusion: Better glycemic control is associated with better oral health conditions. Patients with diabetes had insufficient oral health knowledge and poor practice. The educational program improved their knowledge and practice, while some parameters of oral health improved.
{"title":"Oral Health in Adults with Diabetes: Oral Health Conditions, Knowledge and Practice Following an Oral Health Educational Program","authors":"Marwa El-Ashkar, Z. Gad, M. El-Borgy, Nevein Abdalla, N. El-Nimr","doi":"10.21608/JHIPH.2019.29466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JHIPH.2019.29466","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for impaired oral health. Oral health knowledge is lacking among patients with diabetes. Objective(s): The objectives of the study were to assess the oral health condition of patients with controlled and uncontrolled diabetes, to assess knowledge and practice of patients with diabetes concerning oral health and to construct, implement and evaluate the impact of an educational program for patients with diabetes on their oral health, their knowledge and self-reported practice regarding oral health. Methods: A sample of 200 adult patients with diabetes mellitus attending two hospitals in Alexandria was included in the study. In phase 1, a cross sectional design was used and assessment of the patients’ diabetes control, their oral health condition, knowledge and self-reported practice was carried out. In phase 2, an educational oral health intervention program was constructed and its effect on the patients’ oral health condition, knowledge and self-reported practice was done. Results: Most patients with diabetes had unsatisfactory glycemic control, 27.5% had good knowledge, while 75% had poor oral health practice. The oral health condition of patients with satisfactory diabetes control was relatively better than those with unsatisfactory control. The knowledge score, practice, gingivitis, plaque and calculus indices improved after the intervention Conclusion: Better glycemic control is associated with better oral health conditions. Patients with diabetes had insufficient oral health knowledge and poor practice. The educational program improved their knowledge and practice, while some parameters of oral health improved.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73895774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19917
B. Deghedi, O. Akl, Noha Moustafa, N. Mostafa
Background: Rational use of drugs is an essential element in achieving quality of health and medical care for the patients and the community. However irrational use of medicines is still a worldwide problem. Objective(s): Assessment of drug use in family health facilities in Alexandria, through application of drug use indicators including; prescribing indicators, patient care indicators and health facility indicators. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in eight randomly selected family health facilities (FHFs) distributed in four randomly selected health care districts in Alexandria Governorate. An observational checklist and interview questionnaire designed based on World Health Organization/ International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) drug use indicators and WHO guide to good prescribing were used for data collection. 600 patients were interviewed, and 240 consultation sessions and drug dispensing processes were observed. Results: The most deficient drug use indicators were the patient care indicators, as none of the drugs were adequately labelled, the average consultation time was 5.7 ± 2.9 minutes (compared to the optimal value ≥ 20 minutes) and the mean % of adequate patients’ knowledge was 56 ± 49.7. As regards health facility indicators, availability of key drugs in stock was unsatisfactory, as the mean % was 66.3 ± 47.6. On the other hand, prescribing indicators were considered satisfactory. Conclusion: We may conclude that patient care indicators were the most deficient among drug use indicators, especially labelling of drugs, consultation time and patients’ knowledge, in addition to availability of key drugs in stock. We may recommend that rational drug prescribing should be included in the national practice guidelines of family practice.
{"title":"Assessment of Drug Use in Family Health Facilities in Alexandria","authors":"B. Deghedi, O. Akl, Noha Moustafa, N. Mostafa","doi":"10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19917","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rational use of drugs is an essential element in achieving quality of health and medical care for the patients and the community. However irrational use of medicines is still a worldwide problem. Objective(s): Assessment of drug use in family health facilities in Alexandria, through application of drug use indicators including; prescribing indicators, patient care indicators and health facility indicators. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in eight randomly selected family health facilities (FHFs) distributed in four randomly selected health care districts in Alexandria Governorate. An observational checklist and interview questionnaire designed based on World Health Organization/ International Network of Rational Use of Drugs (WHO/INRUD) drug use indicators and WHO guide to good prescribing were used for data collection. 600 patients were interviewed, and 240 consultation sessions and drug dispensing processes were observed. Results: The most deficient drug use indicators were the patient care indicators, as none of the drugs were adequately labelled, the average consultation time was 5.7 ± 2.9 minutes (compared to the optimal value ≥ 20 minutes) and the mean % of adequate patients’ knowledge was 56 ± 49.7. As regards health facility indicators, availability of key drugs in stock was unsatisfactory, as the mean % was 66.3 ± 47.6. On the other hand, prescribing indicators were considered satisfactory. Conclusion: We may conclude that patient care indicators were the most deficient among drug use indicators, especially labelling of drugs, consultation time and patients’ knowledge, in addition to availability of key drugs in stock. We may recommend that rational drug prescribing should be included in the national practice guidelines of family practice.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84826808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19901
Heba Elshehy, N. Agamy, H. Ismail
Background: Consumer’s interest in healthy eating shifted towards the potential health benefits of specific foods and food ingredients. Flaxseed has a unique fatty acid profile. It is high in omega-3 fatty acid and calcium. Objective(s): The purpose of this study was to highlight the nutritional quality of flaxseed and effect of fortification of biscuits on omega 3 and calcium content of products. Methods: Different flaxseed concentrations (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) were used in the preparation of fortified biscuits. Proximate analysis of flaxseed and produced biscuits was performed to determine moisture, fat, total ash, crude protein, crude fiber and carbohydrate content. Sensory evaluation of produced biscuits was done to assess color, taste, odor, texture, over-all acceptability and residual after taste. Omega-3 and calcium content of flaxseed and produced biscuits was determined. Results: In our study, the changes in chemical composition of biscuits fortified with flaxseed showed that the addition of flaxseed to wheat flour significantly increased protein, fat and ash content, meanwhile, decreased the content of carbohydrates. Biscuit samples made from substitution of wheat flour with flaxseed up to 20% were acceptable and gave nearly similar scores to the control. Our results indicated that flaxseed was rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (60.43 %) with omega-3 representing 47.22%. Biscuits fortified with flaxseed revealed that omega-3 content of flaxseed fortified biscuits was significantly higher than the control biscuits. In our study, the calcium content of the grinded flaxseed was 188.9 mg/100g. Control biscuits which were formulated from wheat flour contained 25.6 mg/100g calcium. Whereas, biscuits fortified with 10 %, 20% and 30% flaxseed exhibited significantly higher contents of calcium (168.3, 175.0 and 179.1 respectively). Conclusion: The use of flaxseed in dietary products can be recommended as functional food. Substitution of wheat flour in biscuits with 20% flaxseed was acceptable by panelists. Enrichment of diets with flaxseed for better utilization of ω-3 fatty acids and calcium for better bone health is recommended.
{"title":"Effect of Fortification of Biscuits with Flaxseed on Omega 3 and Calcium Content of the Products","authors":"Heba Elshehy, N. Agamy, H. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19901","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Consumer’s interest in healthy eating shifted towards the potential health benefits of specific foods and food ingredients. Flaxseed has a unique fatty acid profile. It is high in omega-3 fatty acid and calcium. Objective(s): The purpose of this study was to highlight the nutritional quality of flaxseed and effect of fortification of biscuits on omega 3 and calcium content of products. Methods: Different flaxseed concentrations (0%, 10%, 20% and 30%) were used in the preparation of fortified biscuits. Proximate analysis of flaxseed and produced biscuits was performed to determine moisture, fat, total ash, crude protein, crude fiber and carbohydrate content. Sensory evaluation of produced biscuits was done to assess color, taste, odor, texture, over-all acceptability and residual after taste. Omega-3 and calcium content of flaxseed and produced biscuits was determined. Results: In our study, the changes in chemical composition of biscuits fortified with flaxseed showed that the addition of flaxseed to wheat flour significantly increased protein, fat and ash content, meanwhile, decreased the content of carbohydrates. Biscuit samples made from substitution of wheat flour with flaxseed up to 20% were acceptable and gave nearly similar scores to the control. Our results indicated that flaxseed was rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (60.43 %) with omega-3 representing 47.22%. Biscuits fortified with flaxseed revealed that omega-3 content of flaxseed fortified biscuits was significantly higher than the control biscuits. In our study, the calcium content of the grinded flaxseed was 188.9 mg/100g. Control biscuits which were formulated from wheat flour contained 25.6 mg/100g calcium. Whereas, biscuits fortified with 10 %, 20% and 30% flaxseed exhibited significantly higher contents of calcium (168.3, 175.0 and 179.1 respectively). Conclusion: The use of flaxseed in dietary products can be recommended as functional food. Substitution of wheat flour in biscuits with 20% flaxseed was acceptable by panelists. Enrichment of diets with flaxseed for better utilization of ω-3 fatty acids and calcium for better bone health is recommended.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86666187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19903
Eman Abdellatef, G. Zaki, A. Issa
Background: Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is a scale, which was designed in Canada to help people to understand how the air quality affects their health. It measures the relationship between the air quality and health on a scale from 1 to 10+. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess traffic AQHI on one street in Alexandria, Egypt at different seasonal conditions. Methods: This was a time-series study that was conducted during the period from January 1 to December 31, 2016 at Ibrahim Sherif Street. It was accomplished by three-hour air sampling of respirable particulates (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ground-level ozone (O3), during the morning rush hours. A total of 156 samples for each pollutant covered all seasonal variations and activities. After laboratory analysis, the added health risks (%AR) and AQHI were calculated using the Hong Kong equation. Results: The uppermost median value of %AR was during April [72.9 (23.4)] and the minimum was during January [32.2 (10.0)]. The traffic AQHIs in the study setting were of the serious category 10+ in almost all sampling days. The maximum %AR was during spring [70.0 (19.7)], and the minimum was during winter [40.6 (19.0)]. Conclusion: From the results of the present study, we can conclude that; the highest %AR was during April, and the minimum was during January. The traffic AQHIs in the study setting were of the serious category 10+ in almost all sampling days. The most dominating pollutant affecting the %AR and AQHI was the PM10.
{"title":"Traffic Air Quality Health Index in a Selected Street, Alexandria","authors":"Eman Abdellatef, G. Zaki, A. Issa","doi":"10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19903","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) is a scale, which was designed in Canada to help people to understand how the air quality affects their health. It measures the relationship between the air quality and health on a scale from 1 to 10+. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess traffic AQHI on one street in Alexandria, Egypt at different seasonal conditions. Methods: This was a time-series study that was conducted during the period from January 1 to December 31, 2016 at Ibrahim Sherif Street. It was accomplished by three-hour air sampling of respirable particulates (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2) and ground-level ozone (O3), during the morning rush hours. A total of 156 samples for each pollutant covered all seasonal variations and activities. After laboratory analysis, the added health risks (%AR) and AQHI were calculated using the Hong Kong equation. Results: The uppermost median value of %AR was during April [72.9 (23.4)] and the minimum was during January [32.2 (10.0)]. The traffic AQHIs in the study setting were of the serious category 10+ in almost all sampling days. The maximum %AR was during spring [70.0 (19.7)], and the minimum was during winter [40.6 (19.0)]. Conclusion: From the results of the present study, we can conclude that; the highest %AR was during April, and the minimum was during January. The traffic AQHIs in the study setting were of the serious category 10+ in almost all sampling days. The most dominating pollutant affecting the %AR and AQHI was the PM10.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76925723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19915
Saadoun F. Alazmi
Background Informed consent is part of every surgeon’s daily practice. Surgical patients often need accurate information about their operation. The most important goal of informed consent is to inform patients about risks, benefits and expectations of the operation and help the patients make the final decision about their healthcare. Objective: To assess the patients’ perception of informed consent for surgical operations and to determine their expectations about the information given in Kuwait. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2016 in all six governmental general hospitals and two private hospitals in the state of Kuwait. 805 adult patients hospitalized in surgical departments participated in the study by completion of self-administered questionnaires about their perception of informed consent. Results: The mean age of participants was 35.6 years, males constituted 48.3% of the sample, 49.2% were Kuwaiti residents, 79.2% were secondary or higher educated and 73.4% were married. 69.9% of patients believed that it was a legal requirement. While, 37.0% thought that signing the consent meant waving their rights to any compensation, 72.3% thought that the consent form protects the patient's rights. 72.9% believed that signing the consent form confirms that the operation and its effects have been explained to them. 76.4% signed the consent form so that they can undergo the required operative procedure. 82.0% believed that consent forms are necessary, while 59.5% believed that consent forms protect the doctor against being sued. Many of the patients (78.5%) thought that, a relative could sign on their behalf, if they can’t sign the consent form, 57.6% of the patients were happy to allow doctors to determine their treatment but they wanted to know about their condition, the treatment and the important side effects. 26.5% wanted to make final decision themselves after discussion of pros and cons of the treatment. Only 15.9% trusted their doctor to take the right decision and did not think that detailed explanation was necessary. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that informed consent was perceived differently by patients, which seems that consent procedures appear inadequate and hence consenting in its current form is not informed and should be re-evaluated to achieve patient autonomy.
{"title":"Patients’ Perception of Informed Consent for Surgical Operations in Kuwait","authors":"Saadoun F. Alazmi","doi":"10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19915","url":null,"abstract":"Background Informed consent is part of every surgeon’s daily practice. Surgical patients often need accurate information about their operation. The most important goal of informed consent is to inform patients about risks, benefits and expectations of the operation and help the patients make the final decision about their healthcare. Objective: To assess the patients’ perception of informed consent for surgical operations and to determine their expectations about the information given in Kuwait. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2016 in all six governmental general hospitals and two private hospitals in the state of Kuwait. 805 adult patients hospitalized in surgical departments participated in the study by completion of self-administered questionnaires about their perception of informed consent. Results: The mean age of participants was 35.6 years, males constituted 48.3% of the sample, 49.2% were Kuwaiti residents, 79.2% were secondary or higher educated and 73.4% were married. 69.9% of patients believed that it was a legal requirement. While, 37.0% thought that signing the consent meant waving their rights to any compensation, 72.3% thought that the consent form protects the patient's rights. 72.9% believed that signing the consent form confirms that the operation and its effects have been explained to them. 76.4% signed the consent form so that they can undergo the required operative procedure. 82.0% believed that consent forms are necessary, while 59.5% believed that consent forms protect the doctor against being sued. Many of the patients (78.5%) thought that, a relative could sign on their behalf, if they can’t sign the consent form, 57.6% of the patients were happy to allow doctors to determine their treatment but they wanted to know about their condition, the treatment and the important side effects. 26.5% wanted to make final decision themselves after discussion of pros and cons of the treatment. Only 15.9% trusted their doctor to take the right decision and did not think that detailed explanation was necessary. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that informed consent was perceived differently by patients, which seems that consent procedures appear inadequate and hence consenting in its current form is not informed and should be re-evaluated to achieve patient autonomy.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83749630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2018.19916
Hala Abou Faddan, Taghreed A. Ismail
Background: Congenital anomalies (CA) are significant causes of infant morbidity, mortality and disability. Objective(s): To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding congenital anomalies and their associated factors among married adults. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 633 currently married inhabitants in a rural village, Assiut. An interview was used for data collection via a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Most participants (96.7%) had ever heard about CA, 20.1% of participants had good knowledge, whereas 73.0% of them had positive attitude. Factors significantly affecting knowledge were family history of CA, educational level, and gender. The same factors were also significantly affecting the attitude towards CA in addition to age. Conclusion: Only one fifth of participants had good knowledge about CA. Family history of CA, educational level, and gender are significant factors affecting both knowledge and attitude. Recommendation: To increase the awareness about CA among the public in general and increase the role of health care providers in raising awareness and counseling about CA.
{"title":"Awareness of Married Adults about Congenital Anomalies in a Rural Village, Assiut","authors":"Hala Abou Faddan, Taghreed A. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2018.19916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2018.19916","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital anomalies (CA) are significant causes of infant morbidity, mortality and disability. Objective(s): To assess the knowledge and attitude regarding congenital anomalies and their associated factors among married adults. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 633 currently married inhabitants in a rural village, Assiut. An interview was used for data collection via a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: Most participants (96.7%) had ever heard about CA, 20.1% of participants had good knowledge, whereas 73.0% of them had positive attitude. Factors significantly affecting knowledge were family history of CA, educational level, and gender. The same factors were also significantly affecting the attitude towards CA in addition to age. Conclusion: Only one fifth of participants had good knowledge about CA. Family history of CA, educational level, and gender are significant factors affecting both knowledge and attitude. Recommendation: To increase the awareness about CA among the public in general and increase the role of health care providers in raising awareness and counseling about CA.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85190754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2018.19918
Seham Diab, I. Wahdan, Ensaf Abdel Gawwad, S. Sallam
{"title":"Mammography Screening Utilization Behavior among Egyptian Female Employees in Alexandria","authors":"Seham Diab, I. Wahdan, Ensaf Abdel Gawwad, S. Sallam","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2018.19918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2018.19918","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79823338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2018.19913
G. Zaki, K. Tayel, M. Reda, A. H. Mahmoud, Engy Labib
Background: Unsafe school buildings may adversely affect students, teachers, administrative workers, cleaning workers, and visitors. Objective(s): The aim of the present study was to evaluate the leading safety performance of public, private, and experimental primary school buildings in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 primary schools in Alexandria selected by stratified cluster sampling. Two observational checklists were designed, validated, and used; including school building safety inspection checklist (SBSIC), and classroom safety inspection checklist (CSIC). The completed checklists were reviewed and coded. The safety performances (SP) for each category and for the overall checklists were then calculated. Results: The SP in private primary schools and classrooms [(66.1±13.0%), (68.7±12.5)] were higher than that of experimental [(59.9±14.0%), (65.1±14.2%)] and public ones [(39.3±7.8%), (46.0±11.8%) respectively]. The most common causes of reduced school SP were "the absence of protective measures against vectors & insects," "the non-daily refuse disposal," "the non-inspected play areas." Other causes included "the irregular fire drills," "the absence of the alarm system," "the non-earthed electrical equipment," "the absence of emergency plan," and "the unmarked tripping/slipping locations." The most frequent unsafe classroom conditions were "the absence of classroom alarm point," "the on-board glare," and "the non-compliant windows to class area ratios." Conclusion: Many safety violations were found to occur in Alexandria primary schools. This would cause a reduction of the safety performance and consequently a lack of safety management. Safety performance in private schools was better than that in experimental and public ones.
{"title":"Evaluation of Leading Safety Performance of Primary School Buildings in Alexandria, Egypt: Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"G. Zaki, K. Tayel, M. Reda, A. H. Mahmoud, Engy Labib","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2018.19913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2018.19913","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unsafe school buildings may adversely affect students, teachers, administrative workers, cleaning workers, and visitors. Objective(s): The aim of the present study was to evaluate the leading safety performance of public, private, and experimental primary school buildings in Alexandria, Egypt. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30 primary schools in Alexandria selected by stratified cluster sampling. Two observational checklists were designed, validated, and used; including school building safety inspection checklist (SBSIC), and classroom safety inspection checklist (CSIC). The completed checklists were reviewed and coded. The safety performances (SP) for each category and for the overall checklists were then calculated. Results: The SP in private primary schools and classrooms [(66.1±13.0%), (68.7±12.5)] were higher than that of experimental [(59.9±14.0%), (65.1±14.2%)] and public ones [(39.3±7.8%), (46.0±11.8%) respectively]. The most common causes of reduced school SP were \"the absence of protective measures against vectors & insects,\" \"the non-daily refuse disposal,\" \"the non-inspected play areas.\" Other causes included \"the irregular fire drills,\" \"the absence of the alarm system,\" \"the non-earthed electrical equipment,\" \"the absence of emergency plan,\" and \"the unmarked tripping/slipping locations.\" The most frequent unsafe classroom conditions were \"the absence of classroom alarm point,\" \"the on-board glare,\" and \"the non-compliant windows to class area ratios.\" Conclusion: Many safety violations were found to occur in Alexandria primary schools. This would cause a reduction of the safety performance and consequently a lack of safety management. Safety performance in private schools was better than that in experimental and public ones.","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80325563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/jhiph.2018.19919
{"title":"Acknowledgement for 2018 Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.21608/jhiph.2018.19919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jhiph.2018.19919","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34256,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Institute of Public Health","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75170285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.21608/JHIPH.2018.19914
Saadoun F. Alazmi
Background: Informed consent in medical practice means an acceptance of a medical or surgical intervention by the patient during hospital care. It helps patients to discuss with treating doctors about their conditions. Informed consent is considered crucial. It is a mutual understanding and agreement between care providers and patients. During informed consent process the patient is required to be informed about everything of the proposed intervention and this depends on the knowledge of the care provider in collecting and providing information to patient. Objective(s): To assess the attitude of surgeons working in General Governmental hospitals towards informed consent in Kuwait. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to June 2016 in secondary health care hospitals. A self-administered questionnaire about informed consent for surgery was completed by 353 randomly selected surgeons working at various surgical specialties in five governmental general hospitals in Kuwait. The questionnaire was developed to examine the surgeons' attitudes towards informed consent. They were asked to respond to each question by Yes (agreeing) or No (disagreeing) or Unsure. The responses of the surgeons to each statement were calculated using Statistical package SPSS version 21. Results: Public surgeons considered informed consent routinely achieved in their current practice (87.8%). They thought that all doctors should receive formal training on informed consent (79.3 %), while only 35.7% of them actually received training on informed consent. On the other hand, most public surgeons thought that written information leaflets should be provided for patients during informed consent (82.2%). However, only 41.1% of them provided their patients with leaflets during informed consent. Furthermore, 83% of public surgeons thought that the main purpose of informed consent is to provide the surgeon with greater protection against litigation. Similarly, 89.5% public surgeons thought that the main purpose of informed consent is to respect the patient’s right of autonomy. The majority of surgeons thought that the main purpose of informed consent is to improve the doctor patient relationship (83.0 %), and 81.0% of public surgeons thought that the main purpose of informed consent is to improve the patient’s compliance with medical care. Lower percentages thought that informed consent may be unnecessary because most patients depend on their doctor to make the decision for them (24.4%). Finally, 85.6% of public surgeons thought that the doctor who is going to perform the operation, should do the informed consent. More than half of the surgeons thought that the patients age, level of education, the patient’s clinical presentation whether emergency or elective, the complexity and duration of surgery, social class and the need for referral to another doctor or hospital, affects the amount of information given during informed consent. Conclusion: Surgeons in general pu
背景:医疗实践中的知情同意是指患者在住院治疗期间接受医疗或手术干预。它帮助病人与治疗医生讨论他们的病情。知情同意被认为至关重要。这是医护人员和患者之间的相互理解和协议。在知情同意过程中，要求患者了解拟议干预的一切，这取决于护理提供者在收集和向患者提供信息方面的知识。目的:评估科威特政府综合医院外科医生对知情同意的态度。方法:2016年1 - 6月在二级卫生保健医院进行横断面研究。随机选择的353名在科威特五家政府综合医院的不同外科专业工作的外科医生完成了一份关于手术知情同意的自我填写调查表。调查问卷是为了调查外科医生对知情同意的态度。他们被要求对每个问题回答“是”(同意)、“否”(不同意)或“不确定”。使用SPSS version 21统计软件包计算外科医生对各陈述的反应。结果:公立外科医生在目前的实践中认为知情同意是常规的(87.8%)。他们认为所有医生都应该接受正式的知情同意培训(79.3%)，而实际上只有35.7%的医生接受过知情同意培训。另一方面，大多数公立外科医生认为应在知情同意期间向患者提供书面信息传单(82.2%)。然而，只有41.1%的医院在知情同意期间向患者提供传单。此外，83%的公立外科医生认为知情同意的主要目的是为外科医生提供更大的诉讼保护。同样，89.5%的公立外科医生认为知情同意的主要目的是尊重患者的自主权。大多数外科医生认为知情同意的主要目的是改善医患关系(83.0%)，81.0%的公立外科医生认为知情同意的主要目的是提高患者对医疗服务的依从性。较低的百分比认为知情同意可能是不必要的，因为大多数患者依赖他们的医生为他们做出决定(24.4%)。最后，85.6%的公立外科医生认为实施手术的医生应该做知情同意。半数以上的外科医生认为，患者的年龄、受教育程度、患者的临床表现(无论是急诊还是非急诊)、手术的复杂性和持续时间、社会阶层以及是否需要转诊到其他医生或医院，都会影响知情同意期间提供的信息数量。结论:普通公立医院外科医生应加强对知情同意指南的了解并严格遵守。此外，建议在所有医院开展关于知情同意的正式培训，更广泛地提供书面信息也很重要。
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