Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3365531
Mohammad Taghi Dabiri;Mazen Hasna;Nizar Zorba;Tamer Khattab
In this article, our target is to design a permanent long backhaul link using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relays and charge stations (CSs) to transfer data from the nearest core network to disaster area (DA). To this end, we first characterize the communication channel by considering the energy consumption models of the backup UAVs (moving UAVs) and the UAVs in service (hovering UAVs), the position and number of UAVs in service relative to the DA, along with the position of CSs relative to the position of UAVs. Then we define the optimization problem for two different scenarios. First, we design the long backhaul link in such a way that minimizes the implementation cost. In particular, the optimal design includes finding the optimal position for CSs, UAVs in service along with the optimal planning for backup UAVs in such a way as to reduce the implementation cost and guarantee the quality of service of the multi-relay UAV-based wireless backhaul links. The implementation cost is related to the number of CSs, the number of UAVs in service along with the number of backup UAVs. For the second scenario, we assume that the implementation cost is predetermined, and we find the optimal positions for UAVs and CSs along with planning for backup UAVs to minimize the outage probability. By analyzing the effects of optimization parameters, we further propose low complexity sub-optimal algorithms for both scenarios. Then, using simulations, we show that the sub-optimal algorithms achieve a performance that is very close to the optimal solutions.
{"title":"Enabling Flexible Arial Backhaul Links for Post Disasters: A Design Using UAV Swarms and Distributed Charging Stations","authors":"Mohammad Taghi Dabiri;Mazen Hasna;Nizar Zorba;Tamer Khattab","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3365531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3365531","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, our target is to design a permanent long backhaul link using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) relays and charge stations (CSs) to transfer data from the nearest core network to disaster area (DA). To this end, we first characterize the communication channel by considering the energy consumption models of the backup UAVs (moving UAVs) and the UAVs in service (hovering UAVs), the position and number of UAVs in service relative to the DA, along with the position of CSs relative to the position of UAVs. Then we define the optimization problem for two different scenarios. First, we design the long backhaul link in such a way that minimizes the implementation cost. In particular, the optimal design includes finding the optimal position for CSs, UAVs in service along with the optimal planning for backup UAVs in such a way as to reduce the implementation cost and guarantee the quality of service of the multi-relay UAV-based wireless backhaul links. The implementation cost is related to the number of CSs, the number of UAVs in service along with the number of backup UAVs. For the second scenario, we assume that the implementation cost is predetermined, and we find the optimal positions for UAVs and CSs along with planning for backup UAVs to minimize the outage probability. By analyzing the effects of optimization parameters, we further propose low complexity sub-optimal algorithms for both scenarios. Then, using simulations, we show that the sub-optimal algorithms achieve a performance that is very close to the optimal solutions.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"384-396"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10433686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140161142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358317
{"title":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Society IEEE Open Journal on Vehicular Technology Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358317","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10431554","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139715154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Location-based services find a number of applications in vehicular environments such as navigation, parking, infortainment etc. However, the disclosure of vehicles' location information raises multiple privacy issues. To balance the tradeoff between privacy and utility, this paper proposes a framework to preserve users' location privacy while delivering the desired quality of experience (QoE). The proposed framework allows users to quantify the data utility while accessing location-based services under different privacy levels through the QoE metric. The privacy analysis of the proposed framework is provided under two adversary models. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrate using the real-world “Dianping” review dataset.
{"title":"A Framework for Tradeoff Between Location Privacy Preservation and Quality of Experience in Location Based Services","authors":"Tianyi Feng;Zhixiang Zhang;Wai-Choong Wong;Sumei Sun;Biplab Sikdar","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3364184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3364184","url":null,"abstract":"Location-based services find a number of applications in vehicular environments such as navigation, parking, infortainment etc. However, the disclosure of vehicles' location information raises multiple privacy issues. To balance the tradeoff between privacy and utility, this paper proposes a framework to preserve users' location privacy while delivering the desired quality of experience (QoE). The proposed framework allows users to quantify the data utility while accessing location-based services under different privacy levels through the QoE metric. The privacy analysis of the proposed framework is provided under two adversary models. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is demonstrate using the real-world “Dianping” review dataset.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"428-439"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10430221","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140291202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358321
{"title":"IEEE Vehicular Technology Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10431555","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139715153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3363897
Bor-Sen Chen;Hao-Ting Liu;Ruei-Syuan Wu
In this study, a robust $H_infty$ observer-based PID path tracking control strategy is proposed for Autonomous Ground Vehicle (AGV) to efficiently attenuate the effect of external disturbance, actuator/sensor fault signals, and control saturation to achieve the robust path tracking design. To simplify the design procedure, a novel path reference-based feedforward linearization scheme is proposed to transform nonlinear dynamic AGV system to an equivalent linear tracking error system with nonlinear actuator signal. To protect the AGV system from the corruption of actuator/sensor fault signals, two smoothed signal models are introduced to precisely estimate these fault signals to compensate their corruption. Further, the proposed $H_infty$ fault-tolerant observer-based PID path tracking control strategy of AGV system can be transformed to an equivalent bilinear matrix inequality (BMI). Consequently, by the proposed two-step method, the complex BMI can be transformed into two linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be easily solved via LMI TOOLBOX in MATLAB. Therefore, control restriction is also considered to meet the constraints of physical actuator saturation on PID controller, making the proposed control scheme more applicable. Finally, the triple-lane change task of AGV is simulated as a numerical example to illustrate the design procedure and to validate the performance of proposed design method.
{"title":"Robust $H_infty$ Fault-Tolerant Observer-Based PID Path Tracking Control of Autonomous Ground Vehicle With Control Saturation","authors":"Bor-Sen Chen;Hao-Ting Liu;Ruei-Syuan Wu","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3363897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3363897","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a robust \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$H_infty$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 observer-based PID path tracking control strategy is proposed for Autonomous Ground Vehicle (AGV) to efficiently attenuate the effect of external disturbance, actuator/sensor fault signals, and control saturation to achieve the robust path tracking design. To simplify the design procedure, a novel path reference-based feedforward linearization scheme is proposed to transform nonlinear dynamic AGV system to an equivalent linear tracking error system with nonlinear actuator signal. To protect the AGV system from the corruption of actuator/sensor fault signals, two smoothed signal models are introduced to precisely estimate these fault signals to compensate their corruption. Further, the proposed \u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$H_infty$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 fault-tolerant observer-based PID path tracking control strategy of AGV system can be transformed to an equivalent bilinear matrix inequality (BMI). Consequently, by the proposed two-step method, the complex BMI can be transformed into two linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which can be easily solved via LMI TOOLBOX in MATLAB. Therefore, control restriction is also considered to meet the constraints of physical actuator saturation on PID controller, making the proposed control scheme more applicable. Finally, the triple-lane change task of AGV is simulated as a numerical example to illustrate the design procedure and to validate the performance of proposed design method.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"298-311"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10428042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140042837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3360302
Ugur Ilker Atmaca;Sayan Biswas;Carsten Maple;Catuscia Palamidessi
Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more popular due to environmental consciousness. The limited availability of charging stations (CSs), compared to the number of EVs on the road, has led to increased range anxiety and a higher frequency of CS queries during trips. Simultaneously, personal data use for analytics is growing at an unprecedented rate, raising concerns for privacy. One standard for formalising location privacy is geo-indistinguishability as a generalisation of local differential privacy. However, the noise must be tuned properly, considering the implications of potential utility losses. In this paper, we introduce the notion of approximate geo-indistinguishability (AGeoI), which allows EVs to obfuscate their query locations while remaining within their area of interest. It is vital because journeys are often sensitive to a sharp drop in quality of service (QoS). Our method applies AGeoI with dummy data generation to provide two-fold privacy protection for EVs while preserving a high QoS. Analytical insights and experiments demonstrate that the majority of EVs get “privacy-for-free” and that the utility loss caused by the gain in privacy guarantees is minuscule. In addition to providing high QoS, the iterative Bayesian update allows for a private and precise CS occupancy forecast, which is crucial for unforeseen traffic congestion and efficient route planning.
{"title":"A Privacy-Preserving Querying Mechanism with High Utility for Electric Vehicles","authors":"Ugur Ilker Atmaca;Sayan Biswas;Carsten Maple;Catuscia Palamidessi","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3360302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3360302","url":null,"abstract":"Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming more popular due to environmental consciousness. The limited availability of charging stations (CSs), compared to the number of EVs on the road, has led to increased range anxiety and a higher frequency of CS queries during trips. Simultaneously, personal data use for analytics is growing at an unprecedented rate, raising concerns for privacy. One standard for formalising location privacy is geo-indistinguishability as a generalisation of local differential privacy. However, the noise must be tuned properly, considering the implications of potential utility losses. In this paper, we introduce the notion of approximate geo-indistinguishability (AGeoI), which allows EVs to obfuscate their query locations while remaining within their area of interest. It is vital because journeys are often sensitive to a sharp drop in quality of service (QoS). Our method applies AGeoI with dummy data generation to provide two-fold privacy protection for EVs while preserving a high QoS. Analytical insights and experiments demonstrate that the majority of EVs get “privacy-for-free” and that the utility loss caused by the gain in privacy guarantees is minuscule. In addition to providing high QoS, the iterative Bayesian update allows for a private and precise CS occupancy forecast, which is crucial for unforeseen traffic congestion and efficient route planning.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"262-277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10416404","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139916644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The electrification of the transportation sector is a pivotal stride towards ensuring sustainability in our systems. This paradigm offers a promising solution to multiple challenges, including reducing oil consumption, lowering Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, enhancing air quality, improving the efficiency of the transportation sector, and facilitating the integration of renewable energy resources into the electric grid. Despite its potential, the electrification of vehicles encounters a major bottleneck-the need for diverse charging infrastructure options. Three groundbreaking technologies, including Dynamic Wireless Charging (DWC), Battery Swapping Stations, and Fast Charging Stations (FCSs), have emerged, holding the promise to accelerate the adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs). These technologies address critical challenges such as range anxiety and charging downtime, contributing to a seamless experience for EV users. This work primarily delves into the realm of FCS, recognized as one of the most readily available options in the current market. Optimizing the utilization of charging infrastructure hinges on tackling challenges related to routing EVs to the nearest FCS capable of meeting specific charging requirements. These requirements encompass factors such as wait time, charging duration, and charging cost. In addition to the integration of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications for enhancing EV routing to FCS, coordinated management of EV charging demand becomes imperative for achieving grid load balancing and preventing grid overload. This paper aims to present the vision and future trends of Smart Green Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in the era of EVs. The focus extends beyond mere vehicular connectivity, delving into sustainable V2X connectivity, grid integration, vehicular networking, data security, and associated services.
{"title":"Future Trends in Smart Green IoV: Vehicle-to-Everything in the Era of Electric Vehicles","authors":"Tasneim Aldhanhani;Anuj Abraham;Wassim Hamidouche;Mostafa Shaaban","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3358893","url":null,"abstract":"The electrification of the transportation sector is a pivotal stride towards ensuring sustainability in our systems. This paradigm offers a promising solution to multiple challenges, including reducing oil consumption, lowering Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions, enhancing air quality, improving the efficiency of the transportation sector, and facilitating the integration of renewable energy resources into the electric grid. Despite its potential, the electrification of vehicles encounters a major bottleneck-the need for diverse charging infrastructure options. Three groundbreaking technologies, including Dynamic Wireless Charging (DWC), Battery Swapping Stations, and Fast Charging Stations (FCSs), have emerged, holding the promise to accelerate the adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs). These technologies address critical challenges such as range anxiety and charging downtime, contributing to a seamless experience for EV users. This work primarily delves into the realm of FCS, recognized as one of the most readily available options in the current market. Optimizing the utilization of charging infrastructure hinges on tackling challenges related to routing EVs to the nearest FCS capable of meeting specific charging requirements. These requirements encompass factors such as wait time, charging duration, and charging cost. In addition to the integration of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communications for enhancing EV routing to FCS, coordinated management of EV charging demand becomes imperative for achieving grid load balancing and preventing grid overload. This paper aims to present the vision and future trends of Smart Green Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in the era of EVs. The focus extends beyond mere vehicular connectivity, delving into sustainable V2X connectivity, grid integration, vehicular networking, data security, and associated services.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"278-297"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10415173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139976244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-22DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3353611
Maurilio Matracia;Mustafa A. Kishk;Mohamed-Slim Alouini
We hereby present a novel interference mitigation strategy specifically designed to enhance the quality of service that a typical terrestrial user equipment (UE) would experience after the occurrence of a calamity. In particular, we devise a novel stochastic geometry framework where the functioning ground base stations are modeled as an inhomogeneous Poisson point process, and promote proper silencing as an effective solution to improve both coverage and reliability (which is usually overlooked in emergency scenarios); in particular, the latter is evaluated by means of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) meta distribution performance metric. The derived downlink performances assume Rayleigh fading conditions for all wireless links. The numerical results show insightful trends in terms of both average coverage probability (which is optimized by choosing the best area for applying the silencing strategy) and SINR meta distribution, depending on: distance of the UE from the disaster epicenter (henceforth intended as the center of the area where the BS can be damaged), disaster radius (also referring to the latter area), and quality of resilience of the terrestrial network. The aim of this paper is therefore to prove the effectiveness of proper silencing in emergency scenarios, at least from the coverage and reliability perspectives.
{"title":"Reliability in Post-Disaster Networks: A Novel Interference-Mitigation Strategy","authors":"Maurilio Matracia;Mustafa A. Kishk;Mohamed-Slim Alouini","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3353611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3353611","url":null,"abstract":"We hereby present a novel interference mitigation strategy specifically designed to enhance the quality of service that a typical terrestrial user equipment (UE) would experience after the occurrence of a calamity. In particular, we devise a novel stochastic geometry framework where the functioning ground base stations are modeled as an inhomogeneous Poisson point process, and promote proper silencing as an effective solution to improve both coverage and reliability (which is usually overlooked in emergency scenarios); in particular, the latter is evaluated by means of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) meta distribution performance metric. The derived downlink performances assume Rayleigh fading conditions for all wireless links. The numerical results show insightful trends in terms of both average coverage probability (which is optimized by choosing the best area for applying the silencing strategy) and SINR meta distribution, depending on: distance of the UE from the disaster epicenter (henceforth intended as the center of the area where the BS can be damaged), disaster radius (also referring to the latter area), and quality of resilience of the terrestrial network. The aim of this paper is therefore to prove the effectiveness of proper silencing in emergency scenarios, at least from the coverage and reliability perspectives.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"219-229"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10410666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139695055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Unprecedented growth in wireless data traffic, and ever-increasing demand for highly secured, and low-latency wireless communication has motivated the research community to move towards sixth-generation (6G) technology, where networks can cater to the rising need for ubiquitous secure wireless connectivity. One of the promising technologies for 6G wireless communication is the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) concept that is proposed to successfully deal with increasing security threats by smartly controlling the wireless channel conditions. This survey paper presents a detailed literature review on RIS-assisted physical layer security (PLS) for next-generation wireless communications. Firstly, we briefly discuss the PLS concept, its importance, the PLS performance metrics, and its applicability in different wireless networks. Next, we discuss the applications of RIS in the 6G scenario. Then, a detailed and systematic classification of the various RIS-assisted wireless system topologies exhibiting multiple scenarios, system models, channel fading models, performance metrics and objectives is done. The existing state-of-art approaches for PLS such as secret key generation (SKG), optimization algorithms, namely semidefinite relaxation-successive convex approximation (SDR-SCA) to optimize RIS coefficients, and optimal placement of RIS units are discussed for single-input single-output (SISO) case. For multiple-input single-output (MISO) case, PLS strategies such as inducing artificial noise (AN), optimization algorithms, alternating optimization (AO), machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), and reflect matrices are discussed. Similarly, for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) setup, block coordinate descent (BCD) and AN induction are some of the PLS methods used to analyze the secrecy. Lastly, we present some of the technical challenges and future directions based on the survey.
{"title":"A Survey on Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface for Physical Layer Security of Next-Generation Wireless Communications","authors":"Ravneet Kaur;Bajrang Bansal;Sudhan Majhi;Sandesh Jain;Chongwen Huang;Chau Yuen","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2023.3348658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2023.3348658","url":null,"abstract":"Unprecedented growth in wireless data traffic, and ever-increasing demand for highly secured, and low-latency wireless communication has motivated the research community to move towards sixth-generation (6G) technology, where networks can cater to the rising need for ubiquitous secure wireless connectivity. One of the promising technologies for 6G wireless communication is the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) concept that is proposed to successfully deal with increasing security threats by smartly controlling the wireless channel conditions. This survey paper presents a detailed literature review on RIS-assisted physical layer security (PLS) for next-generation wireless communications. Firstly, we briefly discuss the PLS concept, its importance, the PLS performance metrics, and its applicability in different wireless networks. Next, we discuss the applications of RIS in the 6G scenario. Then, a detailed and systematic classification of the various RIS-assisted wireless system topologies exhibiting multiple scenarios, system models, channel fading models, performance metrics and objectives is done. The existing state-of-art approaches for PLS such as secret key generation (SKG), optimization algorithms, namely semidefinite relaxation-successive convex approximation (SDR-SCA) to optimize RIS coefficients, and optimal placement of RIS units are discussed for single-input single-output (SISO) case. For multiple-input single-output (MISO) case, PLS strategies such as inducing artificial noise (AN), optimization algorithms, alternating optimization (AO), machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), and reflect matrices are discussed. Similarly, for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) setup, block coordinate descent (BCD) and AN induction are some of the PLS methods used to analyze the secrecy. Lastly, we present some of the technical challenges and future directions based on the survey.","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"172-199"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10409564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139572548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1109/OJVT.2024.3354393
Ashkan Gholamhosseinian;Jochen Seitz
This paper introduces a novel centralized autonomous inclusive intersection management mechanism (CAI 2 M 2 ) for heterogeneous connected vehicles (HCVs). The system embraces a diverse array of human-driven vehicles, each possessing unique characteristics. The proposed system navigates vehicles through the intersection safely and efficiently considering various road conditions including dry (D), wet (W), snowy (S), and icy (I). The communication relies on dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) to facilitate the seamless exchange of traffic information between roadside unit (RSU) and vehicles. The coordination policy takes into account parameters such as vehicle types, arrival times, intersection rules, road priorities, and prevailing road conditions. To enhance safety and prevent collisions, vehicles are classified based on distinctive safety features and dynamics, such as reaction distance ( ${d_{r}}$ ), stopping distance ( ${d_{s}}$ ), braking distance ( ${d_{b}}$ ), braking lag distance ( ${d_{bl}}$ ), acceleration ( $acc.$ ), deceleration ( $dec.$ ), load, and velocity ( $v$ ). The paper evaluates the system performance through metrics encompassing average travel time (ATT), packet loss rate (PLR), throughput, intersection busy time (IBT), and channel busy rate (CBR) across several traffic scenarios with different densities and distribution patterns. Additionally, the study compares the system efficiency with signalized intersections under various road conditions, aiming to identify an optimal control approach for autonomous intersection management
{"title":"CAI2M2: A Centralized Autonomous Inclusive Intersection Management Mechanism for Heterogeneous Connected Vehicles","authors":"Ashkan Gholamhosseinian;Jochen Seitz","doi":"10.1109/OJVT.2024.3354393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJVT.2024.3354393","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel centralized autonomous inclusive intersection management mechanism (CAI\u0000<sup>2</sup>\u0000M\u0000<sup>2</sup>\u0000) for heterogeneous connected vehicles (HCVs). The system embraces a diverse array of human-driven vehicles, each possessing unique characteristics. The proposed system navigates vehicles through the intersection safely and efficiently considering various road conditions including dry (D), wet (W), snowy (S), and icy (I). The communication relies on dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) to facilitate the seamless exchange of traffic information between roadside unit (RSU) and vehicles. The coordination policy takes into account parameters such as vehicle types, arrival times, intersection rules, road priorities, and prevailing road conditions. To enhance safety and prevent collisions, vehicles are classified based on distinctive safety features and dynamics, such as reaction distance (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${d_{r}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), stopping distance (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${d_{s}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), braking distance (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${d_{b}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), braking lag distance (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>${d_{bl}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), acceleration (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$acc.$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), deceleration (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$dec.$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000), load, and velocity (\u0000<inline-formula><tex-math>$v$</tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000). The paper evaluates the system performance through metrics encompassing average travel time (ATT), packet loss rate (PLR), throughput, intersection busy time (IBT), and channel busy rate (CBR) across several traffic scenarios with different densities and distribution patterns. Additionally, the study compares the system efficiency with signalized intersections under various road conditions, aiming to identify an optimal control approach for autonomous intersection management","PeriodicalId":34270,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Vehicular Technology","volume":"5 ","pages":"230-243"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10400835","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139700499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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