Pub Date : 2026-01-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102706
Anthony Apolinario Cortez-Lázaro , Jeremy Israel Chavez-Castillo , José Luis Romero-Bozzetta , Jorge Luis Rojas-Paz , Gabriel Alberto Manes-Cangana , Ronald Alexis Cortez-Lázaro , Fredesvindo Fernandez-Herrera , Edson Max Caro-Degollar , Mirtha Soledad Ferrer-Ventocilla , Ronnel Edgar Bazan-Bautista , Jennifer Valeria García-Evangelista
Fungal pathogens remain a major constraint to global food production, while resistance to chemical fungicides continues to increase. Although Trichoderma spp. are extensively studied as microbial biocontrol agents, no integrated synthesis has yet connected the field's bibliometric growth with its mechanistic and technological foundations. This study analyzed 3082 Scopus-indexed publications (1975–2024) using R (bibliometrix) and VOSviewer to track publication trends, global collaboration networks, and thematic evolution. Results were linked to primary literature on molecular mechanisms and field performance. Annual output grew from 39 (2000) to 285 (2023), with an 8.6 % compound annual growth rate. Collaboration patterns reveal two central axes India-Eastern Mediterranean and China-United States aligned with national bioinput agendas. Thematic clusters show a transition from single-strain antagonism to integrative approaches involving omics, microbial ecology, and formulation design. Trichoderma efficacy is driven by antibiosis, enzymatic lysis, and hormone-mediated defense, shaped by rhizosphere conditions and formulation matrices. Advances in encapsulation, osmoprotection, and chemical compatibility have improved field persistence and efficacy. This study identifies the need for standardized reporting, omics-informed strain selection, and regulatory-aligned formulation strategies to improve the reproducibility, scalability, and adoption of Trichoderma-based biocontrol as a resilient component of sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"From mechanisms to networks: A global bibliometric and functional synthesis of Trichoderma in plant disease management","authors":"Anthony Apolinario Cortez-Lázaro , Jeremy Israel Chavez-Castillo , José Luis Romero-Bozzetta , Jorge Luis Rojas-Paz , Gabriel Alberto Manes-Cangana , Ronald Alexis Cortez-Lázaro , Fredesvindo Fernandez-Herrera , Edson Max Caro-Degollar , Mirtha Soledad Ferrer-Ventocilla , Ronnel Edgar Bazan-Bautista , Jennifer Valeria García-Evangelista","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal pathogens remain a major constraint to global food production, while resistance to chemical fungicides continues to increase. Although <em>Trichoderma</em> spp. are extensively studied as microbial biocontrol agents, no integrated synthesis has yet connected the field's bibliometric growth with its mechanistic and technological foundations. This study analyzed 3082 Scopus-indexed publications (1975–2024) using R (bibliometrix) and VOSviewer to track publication trends, global collaboration networks, and thematic evolution. Results were linked to primary literature on molecular mechanisms and field performance. Annual output grew from 39 (2000) to 285 (2023), with an 8.6 % compound annual growth rate. Collaboration patterns reveal two central axes India-Eastern Mediterranean and China-United States aligned with national bioinput agendas. Thematic clusters show a transition from single-strain antagonism to integrative approaches involving omics, microbial ecology, and formulation design. <em>Trichoderma</em> efficacy is driven by antibiosis, enzymatic lysis, and hormone-mediated defense, shaped by rhizosphere conditions and formulation matrices. Advances in encapsulation, osmoprotection, and chemical compatibility have improved field persistence and efficacy. This study identifies the need for standardized reporting, omics-informed strain selection, and regulatory-aligned formulation strategies to improve the reproducibility, scalability, and adoption of <em>Trichoderma</em>-based biocontrol as a resilient component of sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102706"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102711
Ruogu Tang , Ashish Reddy Mulaka , Wenxin Rong , Xu Yuan , Yin Bao , Juzhong Tan
The increasing frequency and severity of drought events threaten global food security by degrading soil fertility and reducing crop yields. In this study, we employed biochar as a soil amendment to improve soil water-holding capacity and support plant growth under limited irrigation. While biochar offers a practical means to enhance crop performance, its evaluation has traditionally relied on destructive, labor-intensive measurements. Although we confirmed the positive effects of biochar through experimental assessments, we recognized the need for a rapid, non-destructive method to evaluate drought resilience under reduced irrigation more efficiently. To address this demand, we integrated biochar amendments with hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and convolutional neural network (CNN) modeling into a unified agronomic-computational framework. Corn-stalk-derived biochars, produced at 350 °C, 550 °C, and 700 °C and applied at 1 %, 3 %, 5 wt%, by weight, were tested in lettuce under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Under drought stress, highly pyrolyzed biochars (CSB550 and CSB700) at 5 wt% increased fresh biomass by 33.2 %, plant height by 29.8 %, and leaf moisture content by 5.63 % relative to the drought-stressed control without biochar amendment, while improving soil moisture retention by up to 24 %. Leveraging HSI's rich spectral signatures and CNN's ability to model complex, non-linear relationships, plant moisture content was predicted with an R2 of 0.93 and RMSE of 0.28 %, closely matching destructive measurements. This integrated approach delivers both a practical soil management strategy to mitigate drought impacts and a scalable, high-throughput tool for real-time crop water monitoring, supporting precision irrigation and climate-resilient agriculture.
{"title":"Biochar-amended soils enhance drought resilience in lettuce: Integrating Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) and CNN-based moisture prediction","authors":"Ruogu Tang , Ashish Reddy Mulaka , Wenxin Rong , Xu Yuan , Yin Bao , Juzhong Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing frequency and severity of drought events threaten global food security by degrading soil fertility and reducing crop yields. In this study, we employed biochar as a soil amendment to improve soil water-holding capacity and support plant growth under limited irrigation. While biochar offers a practical means to enhance crop performance, its evaluation has traditionally relied on destructive, labor-intensive measurements. Although we confirmed the positive effects of biochar through experimental assessments, we recognized the need for a rapid, non-destructive method to evaluate drought resilience under reduced irrigation more efficiently. To address this demand, we integrated biochar amendments with hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and convolutional neural network (CNN) modeling into a unified agronomic-computational framework. Corn-stalk-derived biochars, produced at 350 °C, 550 °C, and 700 °C and applied at 1 %, 3 %, 5 wt%, by weight, were tested in lettuce under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. Under drought stress, highly pyrolyzed biochars (CSB550 and CSB700) at 5 wt% increased fresh biomass by 33.2 %, plant height by 29.8 %, and leaf moisture content by 5.63 % relative to the drought-stressed control without biochar amendment, while improving soil moisture retention by up to 24 %. Leveraging HSI's rich spectral signatures and CNN's ability to model complex, non-linear relationships, plant moisture content was predicted with an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.93 and RMSE of 0.28 %, closely matching destructive measurements. This integrated approach delivers both a practical soil management strategy to mitigate drought impacts and a scalable, high-throughput tool for real-time crop water monitoring, supporting precision irrigation and climate-resilient agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102711"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102682
Gen Ma , Jie Wen , Xiao Han , Lin Wang , Hang Yuan , Liangzhen Jiang , Yunfeng Zhang , Yan Wan , Lianxin Peng , Jianglin Zhao , Liang Zou , Dabing Xiang
Tartary buckwheat fresh wet noodles (TB-FWN) encounter challenges when formulated with high content, such as poor formability, insufficient viscoelasticity, and suboptimal cooking properties. This study examines the effects of burdock leaf juice (BLJ) on the physicochemical and functional attributes of TB-FWN. Compared to the control (BLJ-0), the addition of 3.75 % BLJ significantly enhanced various properties, including pasting, rheological characteristics, and cooking quality, as evidenced by a 6.33 % reduction in cooking loss and a 22.50 % decrease in the broken rate. Furthermore, textural parameters such as hardness, springiness, and chewiness were improved, alongside enhancements in color, surface quality, and taste. BLJ also contributed to improvements in the viscoelasticity, thermal stability, shear resistance, and aging inhibition of Tartary buckwheat dough. Additionally, the high dietary fiber content resulted in a resistant starch content of 41 %, reduced the estimated glycemic index (eGI) to 45.86, and increased antioxidant activity by 21.6 %. These findings provide foundational insights for the development of high-content Tartary buckwheat staples that possess enhanced processability, antioxidant capacity, and potential for metabolic regulation.
{"title":"Effect of burdock leaf juice on the physicochemical properties, antioxidant properties and glycemic index of Tartary buckwheat fresh wet noodles","authors":"Gen Ma , Jie Wen , Xiao Han , Lin Wang , Hang Yuan , Liangzhen Jiang , Yunfeng Zhang , Yan Wan , Lianxin Peng , Jianglin Zhao , Liang Zou , Dabing Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tartary buckwheat fresh wet noodles (TB-FWN) encounter challenges when formulated with high content, such as poor formability, insufficient viscoelasticity, and suboptimal cooking properties. This study examines the effects of burdock leaf juice (BLJ) on the physicochemical and functional attributes of TB-FWN. Compared to the control (BLJ-0), the addition of 3.75 % BLJ significantly enhanced various properties, including pasting, rheological characteristics, and cooking quality, as evidenced by a 6.33 % reduction in cooking loss and a 22.50 % decrease in the broken rate. Furthermore, textural parameters such as hardness, springiness, and chewiness were improved, alongside enhancements in color, surface quality, and taste. BLJ also contributed to improvements in the viscoelasticity, thermal stability, shear resistance, and aging inhibition of Tartary buckwheat dough. Additionally, the high dietary fiber content resulted in a resistant starch content of 41 %, reduced the estimated glycemic index (eGI) to 45.86, and increased antioxidant activity by 21.6 %. These findings provide foundational insights for the development of high-content Tartary buckwheat staples that possess enhanced processability, antioxidant capacity, and potential for metabolic regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102682"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102709
Lili Zhu , Zhiwen Pan , Wei Fu , Juan Yao , Hua Zhang , Weiting Chen , Hong Chen , Dagang Jiang
The gene-edited soybean line 25T93-1, characterized by an extended juvenile growth period, has been granted an agricultural gene editing biosafety certificate (production application) in China and is of considerable commercial significance. Therefore, there is a critical demand to develop event-specific qualitative and quantitative detection methods for 25T93-1. In this study, we established an event-specific method based on the amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Specific primers targeting the gene editing site were designed to distinguish 25T93-1 from the wild-type (WT) soybean genome. Detection was performed using real-time fluorescence ARMS-PCR (ARMS-qPCR) and droplet digital ARMS-PCR (ARMS-ddPCR). The ARMS-qPCR assay achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 20 copies and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 40 copies, while the ARMS-ddPCR assay LOD and LOQ at 10 copies, both exhibited high sensitivity. Furthermore, accuracy and precision assessments across high, medium, and low levels of 25T93-1 yielded biases within ±25 % and excellent precision data. The established method will provide technical support for the effective regulation of 25T93-1 and serve as a reference for the detection of other gene-edited crops.
{"title":"Detection of gene-edited soybean 25T93-1 using ARMS-PCR methods","authors":"Lili Zhu , Zhiwen Pan , Wei Fu , Juan Yao , Hua Zhang , Weiting Chen , Hong Chen , Dagang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102709","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102709","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gene-edited soybean line 25T93-1, characterized by an extended juvenile growth period, has been granted an agricultural gene editing biosafety certificate (production application) in China and is of considerable commercial significance. Therefore, there is a critical demand to develop event-specific qualitative and quantitative detection methods for 25T93-1. In this study, we established an event-specific method based on the amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Specific primers targeting the gene editing site were designed to distinguish 25T93-1 from the wild-type (WT) soybean genome. Detection was performed using real-time fluorescence ARMS-PCR (ARMS-qPCR) and droplet digital ARMS-PCR (ARMS-ddPCR). The ARMS-qPCR assay achieved a limit of detection (LOD) of 20 copies and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 40 copies, while the ARMS-ddPCR assay LOD and LOQ at 10 copies, both exhibited high sensitivity. Furthermore, accuracy and precision assessments across high, medium, and low levels of 25T93-1 yielded biases within ±25 % and excellent precision data. The established method will provide technical support for the effective regulation of 25T93-1 and serve as a reference for the detection of other gene-edited crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102709"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102708
Daniel Manore , Shimelis Gizachew , Tewodros Ayalew
This study examined the effects of seeding rates and NPSB (Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Sulfur-Boron) fertilization on the physicochemical properties of Camelina sativa oil and the nutritional quality of its residual cake in Ethiopia's Hadiya zone. A split-split plot design was employed to test two cultivars (Zeytee-1 and Syria), three seeding rates (5, 7.5, and 10 kg ha−1), and four NPSB levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha−1). From each treatment, 200 g of seed was sampled for oil extraction and analysis standard. Oil traits measured included acidity, density, peroxide value, volatile matter, refractive index, iodine value, and saponification value. Residual cake was analyzed for crude fat, protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ash content. Results indicated that higher NPSB rates (150 kg ha−1) significantly reduced peroxide values, enhancing oil stability. Cultivar-fertilizer interactions influenced oil content and quality traits, with Zeytee-1 recording the highest oil content (39.8 %) at 100 kg NPSB ha−1. Residual cake composition improved with increased NPSB and seeding rates, particularly protein and fiber levels. Syria at 10 kg ha−1 with 150 kg NPSB ha−1 produced the highest cake yield and protein content. Partial budget analysis identified this treatment as most profitable. Overall, integrated nutrient and seeding management enhanced oil quality, co-product value, and economic returns for smallholder farmers.
本研究研究了播量和氮磷硫硼施肥对埃塞俄比亚Hadiya地区亚麻荠油理化性质及其残饼营养品质的影响。采用裂裂小区设计，试验了2个品种（zeyye -1和Syria）、3种播种率（5、7.5和10 kg ha -1）和4种NPSB水平（0、50、100和150 kg ha -1）。每次处理取200 g种子作为提取油和分析标准。测量的油的特性包括酸度、密度、过氧化值、挥发物、折射率、碘值和皂化值。分析残饼粗脂肪、蛋白质、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和灰分含量。结果表明，较高的NPSB速率（150 kg ha - 1）可显著降低过氧化值，提高油的稳定性。品种-肥料互作影响含油量和品质性状，zeytie -1在100 kg NPSB ha -1时含油量最高（39.8%）。随着NPSB和播种量的增加，特别是蛋白质和纤维水平的增加，残饼成分有所改善。在10 kg ha - 1和150 kg NPSB ha - 1条件下，叙利亚的饼产量和蛋白质含量最高。部分预算分析认为这种处理方法最有利可图。总体而言，综合营养和播种管理提高了小农户的油品质量、副产品价值和经济回报。
{"title":"Enhancement of oil physicochemical properties and residual cake feed quality in camelina cultivars, through seeding and blended NPSB fertilizer rates in Hadiya zone central Ethiopia","authors":"Daniel Manore , Shimelis Gizachew , Tewodros Ayalew","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the effects of seeding rates and NPSB (Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Sulfur-Boron) fertilization on the physicochemical properties of <em>Camelina sativa</em> oil and the nutritional quality of its residual cake in Ethiopia's Hadiya zone. A split-split plot design was employed to test two cultivars (Zeytee-1 and Syria), three seeding rates (5, 7.5, and 10 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>), and four NPSB levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>). From each treatment, 200 g of seed was sampled for oil extraction and analysis standard. Oil traits measured included acidity, density, peroxide value, volatile matter, refractive index, iodine value, and saponification value. Residual cake was analyzed for crude fat, protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ash content. Results indicated that higher NPSB rates (150 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>) significantly reduced peroxide values, enhancing oil stability. Cultivar-fertilizer interactions influenced oil content and quality traits, with Zeytee-1 recording the highest oil content (39.8 %) at 100 kg NPSB ha<sup>−1</sup>. Residual cake composition improved with increased NPSB and seeding rates, particularly protein and fiber levels. Syria at 10 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> with 150 kg NPSB ha<sup>−1</sup> produced the highest cake yield and protein content. Partial budget analysis identified this treatment as most profitable. Overall, integrated nutrient and seeding management enhanced oil quality, co-product value, and economic returns for smallholder farmers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102708"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102695
Yiting Yang , Mailin Gan , Yuanyuan Wu , Huiling Zhang , Haifeng Dan , Yu Zou , Tianci Liao , Yuhang Lei , Lili Niu , Ye Zhao , Lei Chen , Yan Wang , Li Zhu , Linyuan Shen
In this study, metabolomics (MET) and flavoromics (FLA) were used to comprehensively characterize the meat quality indicators, metabolites and flavor compounds of two muscles of Wuhuang (WH) pig, a newly recognized local breed in China. The results showed that the pH value of WH pork was in the range of 5.57–6.17 with the pH of the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) decreasing rapidly, while that of the psoas major muscle (PMM) remained stable. At the same time, the two meats showed obvious differences in meat color, with a higher Lightness (L∗) value of LDM, a higher a value of PMM, and a stronger sweetness and citrus flavor of LDM. 1-hydroxy-2-Propanone; L-valine ethyl ester; L-Leucine ethyl ester were the main differentiating compounds between the two meats. Phosphatidyl acids, sphingolipids, nucleosides, nucleotides and their analogues were significantly different in the two muscles. Correlation analysis reveal a close association between the above metabolites, flavor compounds, pH value, and meat color. WH pork has excellent quality traits, unique flavor characteristics and high flavor genetic stability. This study provides a theoretical basis for the research, development and utilization of WH pork quality.
{"title":"The taste of rebirth: a dual exploration of Wuhuang pork Flavoromics and metabolomics","authors":"Yiting Yang , Mailin Gan , Yuanyuan Wu , Huiling Zhang , Haifeng Dan , Yu Zou , Tianci Liao , Yuhang Lei , Lili Niu , Ye Zhao , Lei Chen , Yan Wang , Li Zhu , Linyuan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, metabolomics (MET) and flavoromics (FLA) were used to comprehensively characterize the meat quality indicators, metabolites and flavor compounds of two muscles of Wuhuang (WH) pig, a newly recognized local breed in China. The results showed that the pH value of WH pork was in the range of 5.57–6.17 with the pH of the longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) decreasing rapidly, while that of the psoas major muscle (PMM) remained stable. At the same time, the two meats showed obvious differences in meat color, with a higher Lightness (<em>L∗</em>) value of LDM, a higher a value of PMM, and a stronger sweetness and citrus flavor of LDM. 1-hydroxy-2-Propanone; L-valine ethyl ester; L-Leucine ethyl ester were the main differentiating compounds between the two meats. Phosphatidyl acids, sphingolipids, nucleosides, nucleotides and their analogues were significantly different in the two muscles. Correlation analysis reveal a close association between the above metabolites, flavor compounds, pH value, and meat color. WH pork has excellent quality traits, unique flavor characteristics and high flavor genetic stability. This study provides a theoretical basis for the research, development and utilization of WH pork quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102695"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102707
Linjun Shen , Fangkai Zhao , Junran Li , Lei Yang , Qingyu Feng , Nengliang Yang , Kaifeng Yang , Honglin Liu , Liding Chen
Under long-term greenhouse vegetable production, intensive nutrient inputs enhance crop yields but also lead to the accumulation of antibiotics and heavy metals in greenhouse soils, posing potential risks to crop productivity and soil health. However, studies examining the trade-offs between nutrient inputs and soil contamination remain limited in terms of quantitative assessment of contamination risks. In this study, greenhouse soils with different cultivation histories (<1 year, 5 years, and >10 years) were investigated. The risk quotient (RQ) and a multi-factor heavy metal pollution index (Pt) were used to quantitatively assess the potential risks of soil antibiotics and heavy metals (HMs) contamination to crop growth and soil health, identify key drivers of risks accumulation, and predict contamination risks under different nutrient levels through scenario analyses. The results showed that RQ exhibited “pseudo-persistence” during long-term cultivation and tended to accumulate in lower soil layers, whereas Pt increased continuously with cultivation duration and was predominantly retained in the plow pan layer. Soil nutrients were identified as the key drivers of antibiotic contamination risk, while soil texture played a dominant role in explaining heavy metal contamination risk. Scenario predictions indicated that further increases in nutrient inputs would substantially intensify soil contamination risks; notably, a 10 % increase in soil nutrient levels could elevate antibiotic contamination risk by more than 50 %. This study provides scientific evidence for the coordinated management of nutrient inputs and contamination risks in greenhouse agricultural systems.
{"title":"Impact of intensive greenhouse cultivation on soil health: implications for synergistic management of nutrients and contaminants","authors":"Linjun Shen , Fangkai Zhao , Junran Li , Lei Yang , Qingyu Feng , Nengliang Yang , Kaifeng Yang , Honglin Liu , Liding Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Under long-term greenhouse vegetable production, intensive nutrient inputs enhance crop yields but also lead to the accumulation of antibiotics and heavy metals in greenhouse soils, posing potential risks to crop productivity and soil health. However, studies examining the trade-offs between nutrient inputs and soil contamination remain limited in terms of quantitative assessment of contamination risks. In this study, greenhouse soils with different cultivation histories (<1 year, 5 years, and >10 years) were investigated. The risk quotient (RQ) and a multi-factor heavy metal pollution index (Pt) were used to quantitatively assess the potential risks of soil antibiotics and heavy metals (HMs) contamination to crop growth and soil health, identify key drivers of risks accumulation, and predict contamination risks under different nutrient levels through scenario analyses. The results showed that RQ exhibited “pseudo-persistence” during long-term cultivation and tended to accumulate in lower soil layers, whereas Pt increased continuously with cultivation duration and was predominantly retained in the plow pan layer. Soil nutrients were identified as the key drivers of antibiotic contamination risk, while soil texture played a dominant role in explaining heavy metal contamination risk. Scenario predictions indicated that further increases in nutrient inputs would substantially intensify soil contamination risks; notably, a 10 % increase in soil nutrient levels could elevate antibiotic contamination risk by more than 50 %. This study provides scientific evidence for the coordinated management of nutrient inputs and contamination risks in greenhouse agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102707"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In semi-arid regions, soil erosion and nutrient losses present significant challenges to the sustainability of vegetable farming, as the scarcity of residues limits the adoption of mulching practices. Most crop leftovers are used for animal feed or fuel, which results in limited mulch availability. We evaluate Palash (Butea monosperma) leaf biomass as a mulching material to study crop root-shoot characteristics with hydrological responses, including erosion, nutrient loss, soil properties, and yield in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.), and brinjal (Solanum melongena) with mulch (WM) and without mulch (WoM) conditions. Results showed that Palash mulching reduced runoff and soil loss across crops. In brinjal, surface runoff decreased from 66.43 mm (WoM) to 20.88 mm (WM) in 2022 and 154.40 mm–46.26 mm in 2023, while soil loss declined from 2.44 to 0.25 t ha−1 in 2022 and 7.10 to 0.71 t ha−1 in 2023. Okra WM showed lowest nutrient losses (sum of OC, N, P, K) of 3.79 kg ha−1 in 2022 and 8.47 kg ha−1 in 2023, versus highest losses of 17.47 kg ha−1 and 41.19 kg ha−1 under brinjal WoM. Mulch improved soil moisture by 9–36 %. Soil properties improved with mulching, showing lower bulk density (1.67–1.70 vs. 1.70–1.78 g cm−3), higher aggregate stability (70.98–73.25 % vs. 66.93–69.99 %), greater hydraulic conductivity (10.58–11.27 vs. 6.36–7.05 cm h−1), and higher soil organic carbon (0.48–0.58 % vs. 0.38–0.42 %). Mulching increased crop yields by 2.2 % for amaranthus and 40 % for pumpkin. Overall, the results indicate that Palash leaf mulching is an effective practice that reduces soil erosion, conserves soil moisture, and improves crop productivity in semi-arid vegetable production systems.
在半干旱地区，土壤侵蚀和养分流失对蔬菜种植的可持续性提出了重大挑战，因为残留物的稀缺性限制了覆盖物的采用。大多数农作物剩余物被用作动物饲料或燃料，这导致地膜的可用性有限。我们评估了作为地膜材料的巴伐利亚（Butea monosperma）叶片生物量，研究了在有地膜（WM）和无地膜（WoM）条件下，南瓜（Cucurbita moschata）、秋葵（Abelmoschus esculentus）、苋菜（amaranthus spp.）和茄子（Solanum melongena）的根系特征和水文响应，包括侵蚀、养分流失、土壤性质和产量。结果表明，Palash覆盖减少了作物间的径流和土壤流失。在2022年和2023年，地表径流量分别从66.43 mm和154.40 mm减少到20.88 mm和46.26 mm，土壤流失量分别从2.44和7.10分别减少到0.25 t ha - 1和0.71 t ha - 1。秋葵WM的营养损失（OC、N、P、K总和）最低，2022年为3.79 kg ha - 1, 2023年为8.47 kg ha - 1，而茄子WM的损失最高，分别为17.47 kg ha - 1和41.19 kg ha - 1。覆盖使土壤湿度提高了9 - 36%。地膜改善了土壤性质，表现出较低的容重（1.67-1.70比1.70-1.78 g cm−3），较高的团聚体稳定性（70.98 - 73.25%比66.93 - 69.99%），较高的水力导电性（10.58-11.27比6.36-7.05 cm h−1）和较高的土壤有机碳（0.48 - 0.58%比0.38 - 0.42%）。覆盖使苋菜增产2.2%，南瓜增产40%。综上所述，在半干旱蔬菜生产系统中，帕拉什叶覆盖是一种减少土壤侵蚀、保持土壤水分和提高作物生产力的有效措施。
{"title":"Runoff, soil erosion, and crop responses to Palash (Butea monosperma) leaf mulching in semi-arid vegetable production","authors":"Darshan Manikrao Kadam , Dinesh Kumar , Ram Swaroop Yadav , Karuppusamy Rajan , Deepak Singh , Mukesh Meena , Ramkishor Patel , Dinesh Jinger , Kripa Shankar , Deepak Maurya","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In semi-arid regions, soil erosion and nutrient losses present significant challenges to the sustainability of vegetable farming, as the scarcity of residues limits the adoption of mulching practices. Most crop leftovers are used for animal feed or fuel, which results in limited mulch availability. We evaluate Palash (<em>Butea monosperma</em>) leaf biomass as a mulching material to study crop root-shoot characteristics with hydrological responses, including erosion, nutrient loss, soil properties, and yield in pumpkin (<em>Cucurbita moschata</em>), okra (<em>Abelmoschus esculentus</em>), amaranthus (<em>Amaranthus spp.</em>), and brinjal (<em>Solanum melongena</em>) with mulch (WM) and without mulch (WoM) conditions. Results showed that Palash mulching reduced runoff and soil loss across crops. In brinjal, surface runoff decreased from 66.43 mm (WoM) to 20.88 mm (WM) in 2022 and 154.40 mm–46.26 mm in 2023, while soil loss declined from 2.44 to 0.25 t ha<sup>−1</sup> in 2022 and 7.10 to 0.71 t ha<sup>−1</sup> in 2023. Okra WM showed lowest nutrient losses (sum of OC, N, P, K) of 3.79 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> in 2022 and 8.47 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> in 2023, versus highest losses of 17.47 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> and 41.19 kg ha<sup>−1</sup> under brinjal WoM. Mulch improved soil moisture by 9–36 %. Soil properties improved with mulching, showing lower bulk density (1.67–1.70 vs. 1.70–1.78 g cm<sup>−3</sup>), higher aggregate stability (70.98–73.25 % vs. 66.93–69.99 %), greater hydraulic conductivity (10.58–11.27 vs. 6.36–7.05 cm h<sup>−1</sup>), and higher soil organic carbon (0.48–0.58 % vs. 0.38–0.42 %). Mulching increased crop yields by 2.2 % for amaranthus and 40 % for pumpkin. Overall, the results indicate that Palash leaf mulching is an effective practice that reduces soil erosion, conserves soil moisture, and improves crop productivity in semi-arid vegetable production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102702"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102705
Rentao Liao , Wenhua Dongchen , Chun Lin , Zhengjie Liu , Zichao Mao
Crop rotation systems exert a significant influence on soil physicochemical properties and crop growth. However, the mechanisms by which winter oilseed rape coordinates growth and environmental adaptation under paddy-upland rotation systems remain unclear. This study integrated analyses of agronomic traits, yield and quality, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to compare the effects of two consecutive years of either rice-oilseed rape (OsBn) or tobacco-oilseed rape (NtBn) rotations. Results demonstrated that under identical fertilization regimes, the OsBn system was associated with a numerical decreasing trend in yield (259 kg ha−1, approximately 3.67 %) and alterations in seed oil composition (e.g., a significant increase in C15:0 and decrease in C18:3n3) relative to NtBn system. These changes were correlated with diminished soil nitrogen availability and the efficiency of NH4+ uptake. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the observed trends and alterations in OsBn were likely driven by a pervasive down-regulation of carbon allocation towards sugars and lipids, coupled with an up-regulation of secondary metabolism. This metabolic reprogramming was potentially mediated through the activation of the MAPK signaling cascade, suggesting its role as a central regulator coordinating resource allocation in response to the paddy-upland rotation stress. Consequently, nitrogen management, particularly the timing of topdressing requires particular attention in oilseed rape paddy-upland rotation systems to optimize sustainable practices.
轮作制度对土壤理化性质和作物生长有重要影响。然而，在水旱轮作制度下，冬油菜协调生长和环境适应的机制尚不清楚。本研究综合分析了水稻-油菜（OsBn）和烟草-油菜（NtBn）连续两年轮作的农艺性状、产量和质量、转录组学和代谢组学，比较了水稻-油菜（OsBn）和烟草-油菜（NtBn）的效果。结果表明，在相同施肥制度下，相对于NtBn系统，OsBn系统与产量（259 kg ha - 1，约3.67%）和籽油组成的变化（例如，C15:0显著增加，C18:3n3显著减少）有关。这些变化与土壤氮素有效性和NH4+吸收效率降低有关。综合转录组学和代谢组学分析显示，观察到的OsBn趋势和变化可能是由糖和脂质碳分配普遍下调以及次级代谢上调驱动的。这种代谢重编程可能是通过激活MAPK信号级联介导的，这表明它在水旱轮作胁迫下作为协调资源分配的中心调节器。因此，氮肥管理，特别是追肥的时机需要特别注意油菜水田旱地轮作系统，以优化可持续做法。
{"title":"Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals the mechanisms underlying yield trends and alterations in seed oil composition of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) under paddy-upland rotation systems","authors":"Rentao Liao , Wenhua Dongchen , Chun Lin , Zhengjie Liu , Zichao Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crop rotation systems exert a significant influence on soil physicochemical properties and crop growth. However, the mechanisms by which winter oilseed rape coordinates growth and environmental adaptation under paddy-upland rotation systems remain unclear. This study integrated analyses of agronomic traits, yield and quality, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to compare the effects of two consecutive years of either rice-oilseed rape (OsBn) or tobacco-oilseed rape (NtBn) rotations. Results demonstrated that under identical fertilization regimes, the OsBn system was associated with a numerical decreasing trend in yield (259 kg ha<sup>−1</sup>, approximately 3.67 %) and alterations in seed oil composition (e.g., a significant increase in C15:0 and decrease in C18:3n3) relative to NtBn system. These changes were correlated with diminished soil nitrogen availability and the efficiency of NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> uptake. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the observed trends and alterations in OsBn were likely driven by a pervasive down-regulation of carbon allocation towards sugars and lipids, coupled with an up-regulation of secondary metabolism. This metabolic reprogramming was potentially mediated through the activation of the MAPK signaling cascade, suggesting its role as a central regulator coordinating resource allocation in response to the paddy-upland rotation stress. Consequently, nitrogen management, particularly the timing of topdressing requires particular attention in oilseed rape paddy-upland rotation systems to optimize sustainable practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102705"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in semi-arid regions faces escalating challenges from water scarcity, heat stress, and climatic variability, making improvements in physiological efficiency and yield stability critical for sustaining productivity. This study evaluated the combined influence of spring wheat cultivars and plant growth promoters (PGPs) on crop performance in a semi-arid climate, using a two-year (rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23) split-plot field experiment with three cultivars (DBW-187, K-1006, and K-607) and six PGPs treatments, including nitrobenzene, GA3, seaweed extracts, and micronutrient chelates. Measurements taken at tillering, flowering, and harvest revealed strong cultivar × PGP interactions, with DBW-187 showing superior growth and physiological traits such as higher tiller number (+18.3 %), tiller production rate (+19.7 %), dry matter accumulation (+18.3 %), and improved SPAD, NDVI, and stomatal conductance (+9.5 %). Micronutrient chelates (PGP6) emerged as the most effective promoter, enhancing tiller production (+36.0 % to +50.5 %), dry matter accumulation (+33.4 %), leaf area index (+11.6 %), and pigment concentrations, ultimately contributing to better stress tolerance and higher yield. The DBW-187 + PGP6 combination achieved the highest productivity (5.38 t ha−1), representing a ∼24 % yield increase over the control, while GA3 also produced notable gains (12.8–19.4 %). Overall, the results highlight that integrating nutrient-efficient cultivars with targeted PGPs especially micronutrient formulations and GA3 offers a low-cost, sustainable pathway to enhance physiological resilience and optimize wheat performance in water-limited and heat-stressed agro-ecosystems.
{"title":"Trade-offs and synergies of cultivars and plant growth promoters on wheat physiology and productivity","authors":"Sunil Kumar Prajapati , V.K. Verma , Shivendra Singh , Gurwaan Singh , Sandeep Gawdiya , Shikhar Verma , Naushad Khan , M.Z. Siddiqui , Kuldeep Patel , Deo Narayan Singh , Nilutpal Saikia , Sk Asraful Ali , Sandeep Kumar , Mohammad Hasanain , Vijay Singh Meena , Dinesh Kumar , Shailesh Kumar Singh , Sunita Kumari Meena","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102677","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102677","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) production in semi-arid regions faces escalating challenges from water scarcity, heat stress, and climatic variability, making improvements in physiological efficiency and yield stability critical for sustaining productivity. This study evaluated the combined influence of spring wheat cultivars and plant growth promoters (PGPs) on crop performance in a semi-arid climate, using a two-year (rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23) split-plot field experiment with three cultivars (DBW-187, K-1006, and K-607) and six PGPs treatments, including nitrobenzene, GA<sub>3</sub>, seaweed extracts, and micronutrient chelates. Measurements taken at tillering, flowering, and harvest revealed strong cultivar × PGP interactions, with DBW-187 showing superior growth and physiological traits such as higher tiller number (+18.3 %), tiller production rate (+19.7 %), dry matter accumulation (+18.3 %), and improved SPAD, NDVI, and stomatal conductance (+9.5 %). Micronutrient chelates (PGP6) emerged as the most effective promoter, enhancing tiller production (+36.0 % to +50.5 %), dry matter accumulation (+33.4 %), leaf area index (+11.6 %), and pigment concentrations, ultimately contributing to better stress tolerance and higher yield. The DBW-187 + PGP<sub>6</sub> combination achieved the highest productivity (5.38 t ha<sup>−1</sup>), representing a ∼24 % yield increase over the control, while GA<sub>3</sub> also produced notable gains (12.8–19.4 %). Overall, the results highlight that integrating nutrient-efficient cultivars with targeted PGPs especially micronutrient formulations and GA<sub>3</sub> offers a low-cost, sustainable pathway to enhance physiological resilience and optimize wheat performance in water-limited and heat-stressed agro-ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 102677"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号