Journal of Agriculture and Food Research最新文献_第5页

Optimization of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) shoot regeneration by synergistic use of adenine sulfate, glutamine and casein hydrolysate 硫酸腺嘌呤、谷氨酰胺和水解酪蛋白协同作用优化番茄（Solanum lycopersicum L.）茎部再生

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102626

Raúl Vargas, Carmen N. Vigo, Lily Juarez-Contreras, Manuel Oliva-Cruz

Solanum lycopersicum is a widely cultivated crop, but its in vitro regeneration remains a challenging process. Although cytokinins and auxins are well known for their role in shoot regeneration, research is limited regarding the influence of other additives, such as casein hydrolysate (CH), glutamine (Gln), and adenine sulfate (AS). This work provides an optimal strategy for in vitro regeneration through the orthogonal design of Taguchi L25, a synergistic evaluation of AS, Gln, and CH, and a determination of the optimal combination. The most effective treatment (20 mg L⁻¹ AS, 25 mg L⁻¹ Gln, and 150 mg L⁻¹ CH) achieved 65.63 % regeneration, significantly outperforming the control (31.25 % regeneration), resulting in an increase of more than 100 % in regeneration efficiency. On the other hand, the treatment based on 1 mg L⁻¹ indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1 mg L⁻¹ indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) achieved an average of 8.87 roots per cutting and 100 % rooting efficiency, ensuring good survival rates during the rooting phase. The results suggest that enhanced supplementation with adenine sulfate, glutamine, and casein hydrolysate can significantly improve tissue culture efficiency potentially aiding in the optimization of cytokinins in future research. Additionally, this method offers a scalable and cost-effective alternative for tomato micropropagation, transformation, and breeding projects, potentially reducing reduce the need for high levels of cytokinins.

番茄茄是一种广泛种植的作物，但其离体再生仍然是一个具有挑战性的过程。虽然细胞分裂素和生长素在茎部再生中的作用是众所周知的，但关于其他添加剂，如酪蛋白水解物（CH）、谷氨酰胺（Gln）和硫酸腺嘌呤（as）的影响的研究有限。本研究通过Taguchi L25的正交设计，对AS、Gln和CH的协同作用进行了评价，并确定了最佳组合，为体外再生提供了最佳策略。最有效的处理（20 mg L−1 AS、25 mg L−1 Gln和150 mg L−1 CH）再生率达到65.63%，显著优于对照（31.25%），再生效率提高100%以上。另一方面，1 mg L−1吲哚-3-丁酸（IBA）和1 mg L−1吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）处理平均每根生根量为8.87根，生根效率为100%，保证了生根期的良好成活率。结果表明，增加硫酸腺嘌呤、谷氨酰胺和酪蛋白水解物的添加可以显著提高组织培养效率，这可能有助于在未来的研究中优化细胞分裂素。此外，该方法为番茄的微繁殖、转化和育种项目提供了一种可扩展且具有成本效益的替代方法，潜在地减少了对高水平细胞分裂素的需求。

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引用次数: 0

New insight into occurrence, quantification and bioactivities of lovastatin from natural resources (mushroom, red yeast rice and tea) 天然资源（蘑菇、红曲、大米和茶叶）中洛伐他汀的存在、定量和生物活性的新认识

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102621

Chapa Ramasinghe , Baojun Xu

Lovastatin is a naturally occurring secondary metabolite. It has garnered significant attention due to its potent cholesterol-lowering property, mainly achieved through the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. This review explores the multifaceted aspects of lovastatin in natural resources such as mushrooms, red yeast rice and Pu-erh tea, focusing on its occurrence, quantification and bioactivities. The serious muscle damage including myopathy may cause due to continuous intake of lovastatin tablets, hence identification of natural lovastatin sources is crucial. Mushrooms produce lovastatin as a part of their metabolic pathways. Red yeast rice, an Asian dietary supplement fermented with Monascus purpureus is another rich source of lovastatin. Pu-erh tea, known for the complex fermentation process, contains unique metabolites including lovastatin, contributing to its health-promoting properties. Further, this review highlights advanced analytical methods to quantify lovastatin in natural resources. Furthermore, this review examines clinical trials evaluating lovastatin bioactivities, including its lipid-lowering and anti-cancer properties. This comprehensive review gives insights in to natural occurrence and bioactivities of lovastatin and underscores its significance in functional foods and pharmaceuticals, paving the way for future research and clinical applications.

洛伐他汀是一种自然产生的次生代谢物。由于其有效的降胆固醇特性，主要通过抑制HMG-CoA还原酶实现，它已经引起了极大的关注。本文从蘑菇、红曲米、普洱茶等天然资源中洛伐他汀的存在、定量和生物活性等方面进行了综述。持续服用洛伐他汀片可引起包括肌病在内的严重肌肉损伤，因此确定洛伐他汀的天然来源至关重要。蘑菇产生洛伐他汀是其代谢途径的一部分。红曲米，一种用红曲霉发酵的亚洲膳食补充剂，是洛伐他汀的另一个丰富来源。普洱茶，以复杂的发酵过程而闻名，含有独特的代谢物，包括洛伐他汀，有助于其促进健康的特性。此外，本综述重点介绍了自然资源中洛伐他汀定量的先进分析方法。此外，本文回顾了评价洛伐他汀生物活性的临床试验，包括其降脂和抗癌特性。本文综述了洛伐他汀的天然存在和生物活性，强调了其在功能食品和药物中的重要意义，为今后的研究和临床应用铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Lightweight CNN and MobileNetV2 with feature selection and explainable AI for efficient insect detection in potato plants 轻量级CNN和MobileNetV2，具有特征选择和可解释的AI，用于马铃薯植物的有效昆虫检测

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102604

Nibedita Deb , Tawfikur Rahman

Efficient insect detection in agricultural fields is crucial for crop health and yield optimization. Traditional image-based methods often struggle with generalization and computational cost. This paper presents a novel framework combining feature selection and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) to enhance detection accuracy, efficiency, and interpretability. Using a curated dataset comprising 3000 annotated images of pests and beneficial insects collected from diverse agricultural environments, we evaluated three feature selection techniques—Mutual Information (MI), Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). RFE achieved a 40% reduction in feature space, resulting in a 12% improvement in classification accuracy and a 35% reduction in inference time. Our optimized MobileNetV2 model achieved 93.4% accuracy, with a precision of 92.8%, recall of 91.7%, and F1-score of 92.2%. Explainable AI techniques such as SHAP and LIME were employed to visualize and interpret model decisions, thereby ensuring transparency and trust in model predictions. The proposed framework demonstrates superior performance and interpretability over conventional methods, paving the way for real-time, farmer-friendly pest management systems deployable on low-power devices.

高效的田间昆虫检测对作物健康和产量优化至关重要。传统的基于图像的方法往往存在泛化和计算成本的问题。本文提出了一种结合特征选择和可解释人工智能（XAI）的新框架，以提高检测的准确性、效率和可解释性。利用收集自不同农业环境的3000幅带注释的害虫和有益昆虫图像，我们评估了三种特征选择技术——互信息（MI）、递归特征消除（RFE）和主成分分析（PCA）。RFE在特征空间上减少了40%，分类精度提高了12%，推理时间减少了35%。优化后的MobileNetV2模型准确率为93.4%，精密度为92.8%，召回率为91.7%，f1得分为92.2%。可解释的人工智能技术（如SHAP和LIME）被用于可视化和解释模型决策，从而确保模型预测的透明度和可信度。与传统方法相比，所提出的框架具有优越的性能和可解释性，为可在低功耗设备上部署的实时、农民友好的害虫管理系统铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Nannochloropsis polysaccharides ameliorate alcohol-associated liver injury by modulating the cGAS-STING-NF-κB signaling pathway 纳米叶绿素多糖通过调节cGAS-STING-NF-κB信号通路改善酒精相关性肝损伤

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102620

Suisui Jiang , Shichao Liu , Yuzi Wang , Tianlin Gao , Zhenjie Mao

Gut microbial composition and diet-induced alterations in the gut microbiota are closely linked to the progression and severity of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Our prior research identified that Nannochloropsis polysaccharides (NPS) are enriched in ribose and possess gut microbiota-reshaping properties. In the present study, we demonstrated that NPS decreased the relative abundance of Gram-negative bacteria and alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury in mice. Moreover, NPS reduced bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and concurrently upregulated the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins. Mechanistically, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments confirmed that the NPS-reshaped gut microbiota mitigated hepatic LPS accumulation, thereby alleviating mitochondrial damage, reducing mitochondrial DNA release, and further suppressing activation of the cGAS-STING-NF-κB signaling pathway, ultimately contributing to the attenuation of ALD. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that NPS mainly alleviates ALD through modulation of the gut microbiota, thus providing a promising strategy for the high-value utilization of Nannochloropsis processing by-products.

肠道微生物组成和饮食诱导的肠道微生物群改变与酒精性肝病（ALD）的进展和严重程度密切相关。我们之前的研究发现，纳米叶绿素多糖（NPS）富含核糖，具有肠道微生物重塑特性。在本研究中，我们证明了NPS降低了革兰氏阴性菌的相对丰度，减轻了小鼠酒精性肝损伤。此外，NPS降低了细菌内毒素脂多糖（LPS）水平，同时上调了肠道紧密连接蛋白的表达。机制上，粪便微生物群移植（FMT）实验证实，nps重塑的肠道微生物群减轻肝脏LPS积累，从而减轻线粒体损伤，减少线粒体DNA释放，并进一步抑制cGAS-STING-NF-κB信号通路的激活，最终促进ALD的衰减。总的来说，这些发现表明NPS主要通过调节肠道微生物群来缓解ALD，从而为纳米绿藻加工副产物的高价值利用提供了一个有希望的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers of conservation management practice adoption and intensity in Kentucky 肯塔基州保护管理实践采用和强度的驱动因素

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102617

Ife Familusi, Buddhi Gyawali, Suraj Upadhaya, Dipesh Oli, Shreesha Pandeya, Kabita Paudel, Maheteme Gebremedhin

Farmers often adopt combinations of conservation management practices (CMPs) implemented in-field or at the edge-of-field to obtain synergistic agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits. In Kentucky, prior studies have documented drivers of multi-practice use, but less attention has been given to separating factors associated with initial CMP adoption from those associated with CMP intensity among adopters. We analyzed survey data from 101 Kentucky farmers using a probit model for CMP adoption and a zero-truncated negative binomial (ZTNB) model for adoption intensity. Overall, 46.5 % of respondents adopted at least one CMP, and most adopters implemented more than one practice. The most common practices were crop rotation, cover cropping, nutrient management, and tillage practices, while double cropping was least common and concentrated in only a few counties. Probit results indicate that precision agriculture use, irrigation, education above the college level, and off-farm income dependence were positively associated with CMP adoption, whereas indemnity payments per acre and slope were negatively associated with adoption. Among adopters, ZTNB results show that CMP intensity increased with education above college and higher information intensity, while off-farm income dependence reduced intensity. Moderate-income households adopted more CMPs than the lowest-income group, and county-level indemnity payments and slope were not significant at the intensity stage. These findings indicate that the drivers of CMP adoption differ from the drivers of CMP intensity, with human capital and information access essential for scaling up CMP portfolios in Kentucky.

农民通常采用在田间或田间边缘实施的保护管理实践（cmp）组合，以获得协同增效的农艺、经济和环境效益。在肯塔基州，先前的研究已经记录了多种实践使用的驱动因素，但很少注意将与初始CMP采用相关的因素与与采用者中CMP强度相关的因素分开。对101名肯塔基州农民的调查数据进行了分析，采用概率模型和零截断负二项（ZTNB）模型对CMP采用情况进行了分析。总体而言，46.5%的受访者至少采用了一种CMP，大多数采用者实施了不止一种实践。最常见的做法是轮作、覆盖种植、养分管理和耕作，而复种最不常见，而且只集中在少数几个县。Probit结果表明，精准农业使用、灌溉、大专以上教育程度和非农收入依赖与CMP采用率呈正相关，而每英亩赔偿额和坡度与CMP采用率呈负相关。在采用者中，ZTNB结果显示，CMP强度随着教育程度在大学以上和信息强度的增加而增加，而非农收入依赖强度则降低。中等收入家庭比最低收入群体采用更多的cmp，在强度阶段，县级赔偿额和斜率不显著。这些发现表明，CMP采用的驱动因素与CMP强度的驱动因素不同，人力资本和信息获取对于扩大肯塔基州的CMP投资组合至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Sulfur fertilization slightly reduced grain cadmium concentration in a high cadmium durum wheat cultivar grown in the field 施硫略微降低了田间高镉硬粒小麦籽粒镉浓度

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102622

Agathe Vidal , Christophe Nguyen , Francesca Degan , Jean-Louis Moynier , Benjamin Baron , Thierry Robert , Cécile Coriou , Sylvie Bussière , Jean-Yves Cornu

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element naturally present in the soil and high levels of Cd may accumulate in durum wheat grains, thereby threatening food safety. In the literature, sulfur (S) fertilization has been shown to reduce Cd translocation from roots to shoots in polluted soils. Therefore, we tested if S fertilization could also reduce grain Cd in field-grown durum wheat. One high and one low Cd accumulating cultivar of durum wheat were grown in the field in a soil moderately contaminated by Cd and fertilized with 0, 30 or 70 kg SO₃ ha⁻¹. The effect of N fertilization on plant growth and on grain Cd was also tested in the high Cd cultivar fertilized with 30 kg SO₃ ha⁻¹. S fertilization reduced the concentration of Cd in the grain of the high Cd cultivar by 18 % with no effect on the Cd extracted from the soil by 1 M NH₄NO₃. S neither significantly increased root Cd nor decreased shoot Cd, suggesting there was no effect on the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd. The number of kernels per head, increased by S fertilization, was negatively correlated with grain Cd concentrations, suggesting a dilution effect where Cd allocated to the spike was distributed across a greater number of kernels due to increased floret fertility. N fertilization increased grain Cd, particularly between 11.5 % and 14 % protein, at a linear rate of 0.029 mg Cd kg⁻¹ and per percentage increase in protein. Based on our work, S fertilization is probably not a strong lever to limit the grain contamination in soils containing low concentrations of Cd. By contrast, the number of kernels per head could perhaps be maximized on Cd-contaminated plots. Our results show that limiting grain Cd can be achieved by growing low accumulator cultivars and by paying attention to N fertilization.

镉（Cd）是一种天然存在于土壤中的有毒元素，高水平的镉可能积聚在硬粒小麦中，从而威胁食品安全。在文献中，硫(S)施肥已被证明可以减少镉在污染土壤中从根到芽的转运。因此，我们对大田硬粒小麦施S是否也能降低籽粒Cd进行了试验。在中度镉污染土壤上，分别施用0、30和70 kg SO3 ha - 1，在田间种植1个高、低镉积累型硬粒小麦品种。在施用30 kg SO3 ha - 1的高镉品种上，研究了施氮对植株生长和籽粒Cd的影响。施S肥可使高镉品种籽粒Cd浓度降低18%，但对1 M NH4NO3从土壤中提取的Cd没有影响。S既没有显著增加根Cd，也没有显著降低茎Cd，表明对Cd的根到茎转运没有影响。S施肥增加的每穗粒数与籽粒Cd浓度呈负相关，表明由于小花育性增加，分配到穗上的Cd分布在更多的籽粒上，这表明存在稀释效应。施氮增加了籽粒Cd，特别是在11.5% ~ 14%之间，以0.029 mg Cd kg - 1的线性速率和每百分比的蛋白质增加。根据我们的研究，在含低浓度镉的土壤中，施用硫肥可能不是限制谷物污染的有力杠杆。相比之下，在镉污染的地块上，人均粒数可能最大。结果表明，通过种植低积累品种和注意氮肥施用，可以达到限制籽粒镉的目的。

{"title":"Sulfur fertilization slightly reduced grain cadmium concentration in a high cadmium durum wheat cultivar grown in the field","authors":"Agathe Vidal , Christophe Nguyen , Francesca Degan , Jean-Louis Moynier , Benjamin Baron , Thierry Robert , Cécile Coriou , Sylvie Bussière , Jean-Yves Cornu","doi":"10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102622","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102622","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic element naturally present in the soil and high levels of Cd may accumulate in durum wheat grains, thereby threatening food safety. In the literature, sulfur (S) fertilization has been shown to reduce Cd translocation from roots to shoots in polluted soils. Therefore, we tested if S fertilization could also reduce grain Cd in field-grown durum wheat. One high and one low Cd accumulating cultivar of durum wheat were grown in the field in a soil moderately contaminated by Cd and fertilized with 0, 30 or 70 kg SO<sub>3</sub> ha<sup>−1</sup>. The effect of N fertilization on plant growth and on grain Cd was also tested in the high Cd cultivar fertilized with 30 kg SO<sub>3</sub> ha<sup>−1</sup>. S fertilization reduced the concentration of Cd in the grain of the high Cd cultivar by 18 % with no effect on the Cd extracted from the soil by 1 M NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>. S neither significantly increased root Cd nor decreased shoot Cd, suggesting there was no effect on the root-to-shoot translocation of Cd. The number of kernels per head, increased by S fertilization, was negatively correlated with grain Cd concentrations, suggesting a dilution effect where Cd allocated to the spike was distributed across a greater number of kernels due to increased floret fertility. N fertilization increased grain Cd, particularly between 11.5 % and 14 % protein, at a linear rate of 0.029 mg Cd kg<sup>−1</sup> and per percentage increase in protein. Based on our work, S fertilization is probably not a strong lever to limit the grain contamination in soils containing low concentrations of Cd. By contrast, the number of kernels per head could perhaps be maximized on Cd-contaminated plots. Our results show that limiting grain Cd can be achieved by growing low accumulator cultivars and by paying attention to N fertilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34393,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agriculture and Food Research","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 102622"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different packaging in emersed storage on the vitality and flavor quality of live scallop Patinopecten yessoensis 不同贮藏包装对活扇贝活力和风味品质的影响

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102601

Shuang Xing , Xinyue Wang , Hui Ma , Shize Han , Min Qu , Qiancheng Zhao , Tanye Xu , Zhibo Li

Exploring the intrinsic connection between vitality and flavor in live scallops is an efficient strategy to enhance quality and address the problem of “alive but with compromised freshness”. In this study, the effects of different packaging methods on the vitality and flavor quality of live emersed scallops (Patinopecten yessoensis) were investigated. Live scallops were divided into six different packaging groups. The rate of weight loss (WLR), the rate of the scallop mantle withdrawal (SMWR), water holding capacity (WHC), pH, glycogen, ATP-related compound, succinic acid, free amino acids (FAAs), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of scallops were measured. The results showed that using oxygenated packaging combined with tying with rubber bands resulted in superior quality for scallops in the OT group, with the levels in glycogen, ATP, and AEC of 3.26 ± 0.18 mg/g, 3.70 ± 0.81 μmol/g, and 54.91 ± 7.94 % respectively, at 4 d in emersed storage. Using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) combined with chemometrics analysis, three compounds, glutamic acid, ethanol, and acetone, were finally screened that can be considered as potential biomarkers for evaluating the flavor of scallops. This research provides a feasible packaging method for maintaining the freshness of live scallops in emersed storage.

探索活扇贝活力与风味之间的内在联系，是提高扇贝品质、解决“活而不鲜”问题的有效策略。本研究研究了不同包装方法对活扇贝（Patinopecten yessoensis）活力和风味品质的影响。活扇贝被分成六个不同的包装组。测定了扇贝的失重速率（WLR）、衣壳脱脱速率（SMWR）、持水量（WHC）、pH、糖原、atp相关化合物、琥珀酸、游离氨基酸（FAAs）和挥发性有机物（VOCs）。结果表明：经氧合包装结合橡皮筋绑扎处理后的扇贝品质较好，贮藏4 d时糖原、ATP和AEC含量分别为3.26±0.18 mg/g、3.70±0.81 μmol/g和54.91±7.94%。采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱法（GC-IMS）结合化学计量学分析，最终筛选出谷氨酸、乙醇和丙酮三种化合物，可作为评价扇贝风味的潜在生物标志物。本研究为保鲜保鲜扇贝提供了一种可行的包装方法。

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引用次数: 0

Identification of critical actors and paths of contamination in the Dutch broiler meat chain: investigating the robustness of graph-based traceability system 荷兰肉鸡肉链中关键因素和污染路径的识别：调查基于图形的可追溯性系统的稳健性

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102613

Ayalew Kassahun , Yamine Bouzembrak , Tom de Reu , Hans J.P. Marvin

Today's poultry supply chains are complex, involving a diversity of actors and product quality labels. Risks of contamination with bacteria, such as Salmonella and Campylobacter are high and do occur regularly. A traceability system that identifies the critical actors and paths of contamination is essential for all actors in the food system to ensure a safe and healthy food supply. In this study, we enhanced a gravity model used in previous studies, which was limited to the two parameters of distance between actors and the capacity of actors, using a resource allocation optimisation method that allows all parameters of interest to be incorporated in the estimation of the supply chain network. We applied the new gravity model to incorporate product quality label information to identify critical actors and pathways of contamination in the Dutch broiler meat supply chain network using publicly available trade and actor data. The results show that slaughterhouses and cutting plants have the highest betweenness centrality, making them critical actors for contamination spread across the supply chain, while two hatcheries were identified as top actors based on degree centrality, indicating their potential influence within their respective supply chains. The predicted sources and pathways of contamination in the Dutch broiler meat supply chain network were largely comparable with the previous study. Though the inclusion of product quality labels in the modelling in this study has limited impact on the estimated supply chain network compared with the previous study, as the critical actors process broiler meat of diverse quality labels, the results demonstrated the value of the resource allocation optimisation modelling for incorporating all relevant parameters to model the supply chain network. The results suggest that the graph theory approach is methodologically robust in its predictive power as more data and more categories of actors are included.

今天的家禽供应链很复杂，涉及各种行为者和产品质量标签。沙门氏菌和弯曲杆菌等细菌污染的风险很高，而且经常发生。可追溯系统可识别关键行为者和污染路径，这对食品系统中的所有行为者都至关重要，以确保安全健康的食品供应。在本研究中，我们增强了先前研究中使用的重力模型，该模型仅限于参与者之间的距离和参与者的能力这两个参数，使用了一种资源分配优化方法，允许将所有感兴趣的参数纳入供应链网络的估计中。我们应用新的重力模型来整合产品质量标签信息，以识别荷兰肉鸡肉类供应链网络中使用公开可用的贸易和行为者数据的关键行为者和污染途径。结果表明，屠宰场和切割厂具有最高的中间中心性，使它们成为污染在整个供应链中传播的关键行为者，而两个孵化场被确定为基于度中心性的顶级行为者，表明它们在各自供应链中的潜在影响。荷兰肉鸡肉类供应链网络中预测的污染来源和途径与先前的研究在很大程度上相似。虽然与之前的研究相比，本研究中在模型中包含产品质量标签对估计的供应链网络的影响有限，但作为关键参与者处理不同质量标签的肉鸡肉，结果证明了资源分配优化模型的价值，因为它包含了所有相关参数来建模供应链网络。结果表明，图论方法在方法上的预测能力是稳健的，因为它包含了更多的数据和更多的行为者类别。

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引用次数: 0

Construction of squid (Dosidicus gigas) surimi gel based on soy protein isolate/carboxymethyl chitosan O/W emulsion: Insights into protein structural and antioxidant properties 大豆分离蛋白/羧甲基壳聚糖O/W乳液构建鱿鱼鱼糜凝胶：蛋白质结构和抗氧化性能研究

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102612

Siqi Liu , Zhufen Wang , Jie-Ting Geng , Wenge Yang , Tao Huang , Huamao Wei , Ronglong Jiang , Ru Jia

This study investigated the effects of an oil-in-water emulsion composed of soy protein isolate (SPI) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) on the protein structure, microstructure, and antioxidant properties of squid surimi gel. SPI-to-CMCS ratios were set as 1:0 (S1C0), 4:1 (S4C1), 2:1 (S2C1), 1:1 (S1C1), 1:2 (S1C2), and 1:4 (S1C4). The results indicated that increasing the CMCS content of SPI/CMCS composite solution reduced particle size and enhanced the three-phase contact angle, with the S1C2 group achieving optimal stability (particle size:512.2 nm; three-phase contact angle: 64.08 °C). The complexes formed via an electrostatic complexation improved emulsion stability and antioxidant properties. Incorporating the emulsion with the optimal CMCS ratio (S1C2) into surimi significantly enhanced hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds, forming a structurally compact gel network. In conclusion, the SPI/CMCS O/W emulsion not only altered the protein structure but also imparted exceptional antioxidant properties, preserving product quality. These findings provide a theoretical reference for future studies on emulsion-surimi gel interactions.

研究了由大豆分离蛋白（SPI）和羧甲基壳聚糖（CMCS）组成的水包油乳液对鱿鱼鱼糜凝胶的蛋白质结构、微观结构和抗氧化性能的影响。spi - cmcs比值设为1:0 （S1C0）、4:1 （S4C1）、2:1 （S2C1）、1:1 （S1C1）、1:2 （S1C2）、1:4 （S1C4）。结果表明，提高SPI/CMCS复合溶液中CMCS的含量，可减小其粒径，增强其三相接触角，其中S1C2基团稳定性最佳（粒径为512.2 nm，三相接触角为64.08℃）。通过静电络合形成的配合物提高了乳液的稳定性和抗氧化性能。将最佳CMCS比（S1C2）的乳液加入鱼糜中，可以显著增强疏水相互作用和二硫键，形成结构紧凑的凝胶网络。综上所述，SPI/CMCS O/W乳液不仅改变了蛋白质结构，而且赋予了卓越的抗氧化性能，保持了产品质量。这些发现为进一步研究乳剂-鱼糜凝胶相互作用提供了理论参考。

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引用次数: 0

Protective effects of sinensetin on intestinal barrier damage induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice through TLR4/NLRP3/GSDMD pathway 三清素通过TLR4/NLRP3/GSDMD通路对脂多糖诱导小鼠肠屏障损伤的保护作用

IF 6.2 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agriculture and Food Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jafr.2025.102594

Zhuoqun Meng , Qin Zhang , Ranran Zhang , Guirong Liu , Wenliang Xiang , Yang He , Qing Zhang , Jie Tang

Recent studies have increasingly indicated that sinensetin, a dietary-derived natural compound and key component of orange peel, can alleviate intestinal damage induced by cisplatin. In this study, we established a mouse model and utilized a Caco-2 cell system to investigate the effects of sinensetin, known for its wide-ranging physiological properties, on intestinal damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Our findings demonstrate that oral administration of sinensetin significantly alleviated LPS-induced intestinal barrier damage in mice. This protective effect was reflected by improved intestinal permeability and tissue morphology, along with a reduction in goblet cell depletion. Furthermore, sinensetin markedly suppressed LPS-induced pyroptotic cell death in the intestinal epithelium and reversed the downregulation of key tight junction (TJ) proteins, such as occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), in both colonic tissues and Caco-2 monolayers. Additionally, sinensetin inhibited the recruitment of immune cells (macrophages and neutrophils) to the gut mucosa and reduced levels of key pro-inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and IL-18. Potential mechanisms likely include inhibited Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation and suppressed NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome signaling. Based on these results, sinensetin may alleviate LPS-induced pyroptosis and colon injury by regulating the TLR4/NLRP3/gasdermin D (GSDMD) signaling pathway in Caco-2 cells and mice. Overall, our study indicates that sinensetin may be developed as a potential dietary supplement to prevent intestinal barrier injury. It provides a scientific basis for exploring a potential colon injury treatment strategy derived from natural products and acting through novel mechanisms, as well as for the high-value utilization of agricultural by-products.

近年来越来越多的研究表明，从膳食中提取的天然化合物、柑桔皮的关键成分柑桔素可以减轻顺铂引起的肠道损伤。在这项研究中，我们建立了小鼠模型，并利用Caco-2细胞系统研究了以其广泛的生理特性而闻名的青肠素对脂多糖（LPS）诱导的肠道损伤的影响。我们的研究结果表明，口服鼻窦炎素可显著减轻lps诱导的小鼠肠道屏障损伤。这种保护作用反映在肠道通透性和组织形态的改善，以及杯状细胞损耗的减少。此外，sinensetin显著抑制lps诱导的肠上皮热亡细胞死亡，逆转结肠组织和Caco-2单层中关键紧密连接蛋白（TJ）的下调，如occludin和zonula occludens-1 （ZO-1）。此外，sinensetin抑制免疫细胞（巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞）向肠道粘膜的募集，并降低关键促炎介质的水平，包括肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β (IL-1β)和IL-18。潜在的机制可能包括抑制toll样受体4 （TLR4）激活和抑制nod样受体家族pyrin结构域3 （NLRP3）炎症小体信号传导。综上所述，青肠素可能通过调节Caco-2细胞和小鼠的TLR4/NLRP3/gasdermin D （GSDMD）信号通路，减轻lps诱导的焦亡和结肠损伤。总之，我们的研究表明，五倍子素可以作为一种潜在的膳食补充剂来预防肠屏障损伤。这为探索从天然产物中提取并通过新机制发挥作用的结肠损伤治疗策略以及农业副产品的高价值利用提供了科学依据。

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