Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679705
T. Nguyen, P. Häfliger
This paper presents a high energy efficient, parasitic free and low complex readout integrated circuit for capacitive sensors. A very low power consumption is achieved by replacing a power hungry operation amplifier by a subthreshold inverter instead in a switched capacitor amplifier(SC-amp) and reducing the supply voltage of all digital circuits in the system. A fast respond finite gain compensation method is utilized to reduce the gain error of the SC-amp and increase the energy efficiency of the readout circuit. A two-step auto calibration is applied to eliminate the offset from nonideal effects of the SC-amp and comparator delay. The readout system is implemented and simulated in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology. With supply voltage of 1 V, simulation shows that the circuit can achieve 10.4 bit resolution while consuming only 3 μW during 640 μs conversion time. The digital output code has little sensitivity to temperature variation.
{"title":"An energy efficient inverter based readout circuit for capacitive sensor","authors":"T. Nguyen, P. Häfliger","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679705","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high energy efficient, parasitic free and low complex readout integrated circuit for capacitive sensors. A very low power consumption is achieved by replacing a power hungry operation amplifier by a subthreshold inverter instead in a switched capacitor amplifier(SC-amp) and reducing the supply voltage of all digital circuits in the system. A fast respond finite gain compensation method is utilized to reduce the gain error of the SC-amp and increase the energy efficiency of the readout circuit. A two-step auto calibration is applied to eliminate the offset from nonideal effects of the SC-amp and comparator delay. The readout system is implemented and simulated in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology. With supply voltage of 1 V, simulation shows that the circuit can achieve 10.4 bit resolution while consuming only 3 μW during 640 μs conversion time. The digital output code has little sensitivity to temperature variation.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130932880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679669
W. Al-Atabany, P. Degenaar
Retinal prostheses are moving towards providing a return to some functional vision for those with the Retinitis Pigmentosa disease. Optoelectronic/optogenetic retinal prosthesis holds particular promise. As the various techniques are unlikely to return perfect vision in the first instance, we need to explore how best to present the visual scene. The key task is to restore mobility and scene recognition to the patients. Therefore, some form of reduction for the visual information should be applied before transfer to the retina. In particular, scene segmentation can reduce unimportant textures, thus increasing the contrast of the key features and objects. Based on the thermal characteristics of objects, in this paper we present a new processing platform to just transfer important objects segmented using mixed visible-infra red imaging. With this new segmentation approach, complex objects are still distinguishable even with low effective resolution.
{"title":"Efficient scene preparation and downscaling prior to stimulation in retinal prosthesis","authors":"W. Al-Atabany, P. Degenaar","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679669","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal prostheses are moving towards providing a return to some functional vision for those with the Retinitis Pigmentosa disease. Optoelectronic/optogenetic retinal prosthesis holds particular promise. As the various techniques are unlikely to return perfect vision in the first instance, we need to explore how best to present the visual scene. The key task is to restore mobility and scene recognition to the patients. Therefore, some form of reduction for the visual information should be applied before transfer to the retina. In particular, scene segmentation can reduce unimportant textures, thus increasing the contrast of the key features and objects. Based on the thermal characteristics of objects, in this paper we present a new processing platform to just transfer important objects segmented using mixed visible-infra red imaging. With this new segmentation approach, complex objects are still distinguishable even with low effective resolution.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123369266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679642
C. O’Mahony, F. Pini, Liza Vereschagina, A. Blake, J. O'Brien, C. Webster, P. Galvin, K. McCarthy
This paper assesses the skin penetration mechanisms and insertion forces of a microneedle-based dry electrode for physiological signal monitoring. Using force-displacement measurements, it is shown that these ultrasharp microneedles, fabricated using a bulk micromachining process and which have tip radii as low as 50 nm, penetrate in-vivo human skin smoothly and without a measurable rupturing action. Skin staining techniques have been used to demonstrate that 95% penetration is achieved at just 20 mN per needle. These very low penetration forces facilitate the design of safe microneedle arrays and remove the requirement for applicator devices. Wearable electrode prototypes have been assembled using these arrays, and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings have been carried out to verify the functionality of the technique.
{"title":"Skin insertion mechanisms of microneedle-based dry electrodes for physiological signal monitoring","authors":"C. O’Mahony, F. Pini, Liza Vereschagina, A. Blake, J. O'Brien, C. Webster, P. Galvin, K. McCarthy","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679642","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the skin penetration mechanisms and insertion forces of a microneedle-based dry electrode for physiological signal monitoring. Using force-displacement measurements, it is shown that these ultrasharp microneedles, fabricated using a bulk micromachining process and which have tip radii as low as 50 nm, penetrate in-vivo human skin smoothly and without a measurable rupturing action. Skin staining techniques have been used to demonstrate that 95% penetration is achieved at just 20 mN per needle. These very low penetration forces facilitate the design of safe microneedle arrays and remove the requirement for applicator devices. Wearable electrode prototypes have been assembled using these arrays, and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings have been carried out to verify the functionality of the technique.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116157793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2013.6679685
D. Righi, G. Ciuti, W. Dorigo, L. Forzoni, S. D'Onofrio, P. Tortoli
Multigate Quality Doppler Profiles (QDP) is a Fast Fourier Transform-based Doppler technology recently integrated in a commercial ultrasound scanner. QDP represents a novel analysis tool, which is able to simultaneously detect and show the velocity components, present in the blood flow of multiple vessels, without any frame rate reduction. The present work describes QDP application to the measurement of Internal Carotid Artery stenosis (i.e. vessel lumen reduction due to plaque formation). Measurements were performed in vitro on a Doppler Phantom and in vivo in comparison to Computed Tomography Angiography. The results confirmed QDP as a proper tool for the NASCET index measurement, more precise and robust than the traditional Ultrasound modalities used so far.
{"title":"New non invasive Doppler technology for carotid stenosis assessment","authors":"D. Righi, G. Ciuti, W. Dorigo, L. Forzoni, S. D'Onofrio, P. Tortoli","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2013.6679685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2013.6679685","url":null,"abstract":"Multigate Quality Doppler Profiles (QDP) is a Fast Fourier Transform-based Doppler technology recently integrated in a commercial ultrasound scanner. QDP represents a novel analysis tool, which is able to simultaneously detect and show the velocity components, present in the blood flow of multiple vessels, without any frame rate reduction. The present work describes QDP application to the measurement of Internal Carotid Artery stenosis (i.e. vessel lumen reduction due to plaque formation). Measurements were performed in vitro on a Doppler Phantom and in vivo in comparison to Computed Tomography Angiography. The results confirmed QDP as a proper tool for the NASCET index measurement, more precise and robust than the traditional Ultrasound modalities used so far.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"41 5-6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132398765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679644
Mohammed Hasanuzzaman, R. Raut, M. Sawan
We present in this paper the architecture of an energy-efficient high-voltage compliant microstimulator and recording interface dedicated for intracortical visual prosthesis. The system consists of a capacitive-link based bidirectional transceiver, an inductive-link energy recovery unit, a flexible microstimulation module including a high-impedance microelectrode driver, and a recording interface based on an ultra-low power analog-to-digital converter. Two different technologies, IBM CMOS 0.13μm, and DALSA Teledyne 0.8μm 5V/20V CMOS/DMOS, are used to implement the device in 2 chips. The microelectrode driver is incorporated with an array of highly-configurable high-voltage switches, which are supplied with ±13 Volts. The measurement results show that the system delivers up to 180μA through emulated microelectrode-tissue interface impedance with an average value of 100kΩ. The measured static power consumption of the high-voltage chip is 0.735mW.
{"title":"Energy-efficient high-voltage compliant implantable brain-machine interfaces","authors":"Mohammed Hasanuzzaman, R. Raut, M. Sawan","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679644","url":null,"abstract":"We present in this paper the architecture of an energy-efficient high-voltage compliant microstimulator and recording interface dedicated for intracortical visual prosthesis. The system consists of a capacitive-link based bidirectional transceiver, an inductive-link energy recovery unit, a flexible microstimulation module including a high-impedance microelectrode driver, and a recording interface based on an ultra-low power analog-to-digital converter. Two different technologies, IBM CMOS 0.13μm, and DALSA Teledyne 0.8μm 5V/20V CMOS/DMOS, are used to implement the device in 2 chips. The microelectrode driver is incorporated with an array of highly-configurable high-voltage switches, which are supplied with ±13 Volts. The measurement results show that the system delivers up to 180μA through emulated microelectrode-tissue interface impedance with an average value of 100kΩ. The measured static power consumption of the high-voltage chip is 0.735mW.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125327270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679650
Nuno M. M. Pires, T. Dong
It is reported a high-throughput microfluidic system integrating organic photodetectors based on poly(2,7-carbazole) semiconducting polymer. The system reported here showed detection limits of 105-106 cells/mL for the chemiluminescence detection of two bacterial cells. The detection of viral particles as low as 10-4 μg/mL was also shown. High specificity and ability to perform multiplexed analysis in an integrated lab-on-a-chip device was demonstrated.
{"title":"Multiplexed detection of waterborne pathogens with an array of microfluidic integrated high-sensitivity organic photodiodes","authors":"Nuno M. M. Pires, T. Dong","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679650","url":null,"abstract":"It is reported a high-throughput microfluidic system integrating organic photodetectors based on poly(2,7-carbazole) semiconducting polymer. The system reported here showed detection limits of 105-106 cells/mL for the chemiluminescence detection of two bacterial cells. The detection of viral particles as low as 10-4 μg/mL was also shown. High specificity and ability to perform multiplexed analysis in an integrated lab-on-a-chip device was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128900131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679657
T. Torfs, R. Yazicioglu
A system for non-contact ECG recording is proposed that measures the real time electrode-body capacitance concurrently with the ECG. The realized system has been bench-validated to accurately measure capacitance and initial measurements on the human body are presented that indicate a correlation between electrode motion artifacts in the ECG and the real time capacitive impedance signal. This indicates that the additional capacitance information can potentially be used to reduce electrode motion artifacts, one of the main problems in ECG recording.
{"title":"Non-contact ECG recording system with real time capacitance measurement for motion artifact reduction","authors":"T. Torfs, R. Yazicioglu","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679657","url":null,"abstract":"A system for non-contact ECG recording is proposed that measures the real time electrode-body capacitance concurrently with the ECG. The realized system has been bench-validated to accurately measure capacitance and initial measurements on the human body are presented that indicate a correlation between electrode motion artifacts in the ECG and the real time capacitive impedance signal. This indicates that the additional capacitance information can potentially be used to reduce electrode motion artifacts, one of the main problems in ECG recording.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"8 31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129929473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679674
Jiawei Yang, S. Bai, N. Tran, Hosung Chun, O. Kavehei, Yuanyuan Yang, E. Skafidas, M. Halpern, D. Ng, V. Muktamath
This paper presents a charge-balanced 4-wire interface on medical platinum wires for biomedical implants. This interface was originally designed to deliver power and full duplex data between implanted units of a retinal prosthesis. Detailed circuits on both sides of the wire interface are depicted. The proposed method ensures the total electrical charge is balanced over time within the implant to avoid the risk of harmful irreversible electrochemical reactions. Experiments show that the data links using this 4-wire interface design has minimal Bit Error Rate (BER) and very low cost in terms of power and area consumptions. The forward data recovery consumes 300 μW at 600 kbps with an area of 15×200 μm2 in 65nm CMOS. The backward data encoding circuit requires an average current of a mere 3 μA at 100 kbps while its area is 15×140 μm2.
{"title":"A charge-balanced 4-wire interface for the interconnections of biomedical implants","authors":"Jiawei Yang, S. Bai, N. Tran, Hosung Chun, O. Kavehei, Yuanyuan Yang, E. Skafidas, M. Halpern, D. Ng, V. Muktamath","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679674","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a charge-balanced 4-wire interface on medical platinum wires for biomedical implants. This interface was originally designed to deliver power and full duplex data between implanted units of a retinal prosthesis. Detailed circuits on both sides of the wire interface are depicted. The proposed method ensures the total electrical charge is balanced over time within the implant to avoid the risk of harmful irreversible electrochemical reactions. Experiments show that the data links using this 4-wire interface design has minimal Bit Error Rate (BER) and very low cost in terms of power and area consumptions. The forward data recovery consumes 300 μW at 600 kbps with an area of 15×200 μm2 in 65nm CMOS. The backward data encoding circuit requires an average current of a mere 3 μA at 100 kbps while its area is 15×140 μm2.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128420399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679639
G. Peng, M. Bocko
Non-contact ECG monitoring is an attractive option in a number of applications such as long-term health monitoring where traditional adhesive ECG sensors would cause skin irritation and require frequent replacement. Also, integrating ECG sensors into furniture, automobile seats and elsewhere in the environment will enable non-invasive sensing of cardiac signals. Subject-electrode relative motion causes spurious signals and significant signal distortion. The ECG signal of interest as well as static charge and electromagnetic interference are modulated by changes in the coupling capacitance between the electrodes and subject, which leads to significant distortions. The focus of this paper is the development of a non-contacting ECG sensing system including the electrodes, interface electronics and a signal-processing unit that work together to address this issue. The subject-to-electrode distance is continuously monitored by a secondary sensing circuit that uses the ECG electrodes themselves which serve as both the primary ECG readout and the secondary subject-to-electrode distance readout. Finally, the experimental results show the secondary readout signal can be used to compensate the motion-related gain variations of the primary ECG monitoring circuit as well as the additive interference by motion events.
{"title":"Non-contact ECG employing signal compensation","authors":"G. Peng, M. Bocko","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679639","url":null,"abstract":"Non-contact ECG monitoring is an attractive option in a number of applications such as long-term health monitoring where traditional adhesive ECG sensors would cause skin irritation and require frequent replacement. Also, integrating ECG sensors into furniture, automobile seats and elsewhere in the environment will enable non-invasive sensing of cardiac signals. Subject-electrode relative motion causes spurious signals and significant signal distortion. The ECG signal of interest as well as static charge and electromagnetic interference are modulated by changes in the coupling capacitance between the electrodes and subject, which leads to significant distortions. The focus of this paper is the development of a non-contacting ECG sensing system including the electrodes, interface electronics and a signal-processing unit that work together to address this issue. The subject-to-electrode distance is continuously monitored by a secondary sensing circuit that uses the ECG electrodes themselves which serve as both the primary ECG readout and the secondary subject-to-electrode distance readout. Finally, the experimental results show the secondary readout signal can be used to compensate the motion-related gain variations of the primary ECG monitoring circuit as well as the additive interference by motion events.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125915755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679662
Yi Li, Xu Cheng, Yicheng Zhang, Weijing Shi, Jun Han, Xiaoyang Zeng
Compressed sensing is considered as a novel energy and bandwidth solution for wireless body area networks. In subthreshold operation, the conventional parallel structure is less energy-efficient than pipeline due to the low-frequency signals and the serious leakage energy. In this paper, we present a clockless pipeline compressed sensing encoder for highly energy-efficient purpose. Quasi-Delay-Insensitive circuits are introduced in the memory and the adder for improving the subthreshold robustness. The zero value detector in control units reduces the costs of computing power consumption and period. The full customized design is implemented in TSMC 65nm LP CMOS technology. Post-layout simulation results show that it can operate in the subthreshold supply voltage of 200mV. The most energy-efficient point is achieved as 109.8pJ at 300 mV. The max operation frequency ranges from 3KHz to 690KHz at 200mV to 600mV. For a fixed-throughput ECG signal, it improves 9.5× energy-efficiency compared with the parallel structure at 300mV and realizes minimum power consumption of 0.23μW at 200mV.
{"title":"A highly energy-efficient compressed sensing encoder with robust subthreshold clockless pipeline for wireless BANs","authors":"Yi Li, Xu Cheng, Yicheng Zhang, Weijing Shi, Jun Han, Xiaoyang Zeng","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679662","url":null,"abstract":"Compressed sensing is considered as a novel energy and bandwidth solution for wireless body area networks. In subthreshold operation, the conventional parallel structure is less energy-efficient than pipeline due to the low-frequency signals and the serious leakage energy. In this paper, we present a clockless pipeline compressed sensing encoder for highly energy-efficient purpose. Quasi-Delay-Insensitive circuits are introduced in the memory and the adder for improving the subthreshold robustness. The zero value detector in control units reduces the costs of computing power consumption and period. The full customized design is implemented in TSMC 65nm LP CMOS technology. Post-layout simulation results show that it can operate in the subthreshold supply voltage of 200mV. The most energy-efficient point is achieved as 109.8pJ at 300 mV. The max operation frequency ranges from 3KHz to 690KHz at 200mV to 600mV. For a fixed-throughput ECG signal, it improves 9.5× energy-efficiency compared with the parallel structure at 300mV and realizes minimum power consumption of 0.23μW at 200mV.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121826207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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