Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679705
T. Nguyen, P. Häfliger
This paper presents a high energy efficient, parasitic free and low complex readout integrated circuit for capacitive sensors. A very low power consumption is achieved by replacing a power hungry operation amplifier by a subthreshold inverter instead in a switched capacitor amplifier(SC-amp) and reducing the supply voltage of all digital circuits in the system. A fast respond finite gain compensation method is utilized to reduce the gain error of the SC-amp and increase the energy efficiency of the readout circuit. A two-step auto calibration is applied to eliminate the offset from nonideal effects of the SC-amp and comparator delay. The readout system is implemented and simulated in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology. With supply voltage of 1 V, simulation shows that the circuit can achieve 10.4 bit resolution while consuming only 3 μW during 640 μs conversion time. The digital output code has little sensitivity to temperature variation.
{"title":"An energy efficient inverter based readout circuit for capacitive sensor","authors":"T. Nguyen, P. Häfliger","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679705","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a high energy efficient, parasitic free and low complex readout integrated circuit for capacitive sensors. A very low power consumption is achieved by replacing a power hungry operation amplifier by a subthreshold inverter instead in a switched capacitor amplifier(SC-amp) and reducing the supply voltage of all digital circuits in the system. A fast respond finite gain compensation method is utilized to reduce the gain error of the SC-amp and increase the energy efficiency of the readout circuit. A two-step auto calibration is applied to eliminate the offset from nonideal effects of the SC-amp and comparator delay. The readout system is implemented and simulated in TSMC 90 nm CMOS technology. With supply voltage of 1 V, simulation shows that the circuit can achieve 10.4 bit resolution while consuming only 3 μW during 640 μs conversion time. The digital output code has little sensitivity to temperature variation.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130932880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679669
W. Al-Atabany, P. Degenaar
Retinal prostheses are moving towards providing a return to some functional vision for those with the Retinitis Pigmentosa disease. Optoelectronic/optogenetic retinal prosthesis holds particular promise. As the various techniques are unlikely to return perfect vision in the first instance, we need to explore how best to present the visual scene. The key task is to restore mobility and scene recognition to the patients. Therefore, some form of reduction for the visual information should be applied before transfer to the retina. In particular, scene segmentation can reduce unimportant textures, thus increasing the contrast of the key features and objects. Based on the thermal characteristics of objects, in this paper we present a new processing platform to just transfer important objects segmented using mixed visible-infra red imaging. With this new segmentation approach, complex objects are still distinguishable even with low effective resolution.
{"title":"Efficient scene preparation and downscaling prior to stimulation in retinal prosthesis","authors":"W. Al-Atabany, P. Degenaar","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679669","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal prostheses are moving towards providing a return to some functional vision for those with the Retinitis Pigmentosa disease. Optoelectronic/optogenetic retinal prosthesis holds particular promise. As the various techniques are unlikely to return perfect vision in the first instance, we need to explore how best to present the visual scene. The key task is to restore mobility and scene recognition to the patients. Therefore, some form of reduction for the visual information should be applied before transfer to the retina. In particular, scene segmentation can reduce unimportant textures, thus increasing the contrast of the key features and objects. Based on the thermal characteristics of objects, in this paper we present a new processing platform to just transfer important objects segmented using mixed visible-infra red imaging. With this new segmentation approach, complex objects are still distinguishable even with low effective resolution.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123369266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679642
C. O’Mahony, F. Pini, Liza Vereschagina, A. Blake, J. O'Brien, C. Webster, P. Galvin, K. McCarthy
This paper assesses the skin penetration mechanisms and insertion forces of a microneedle-based dry electrode for physiological signal monitoring. Using force-displacement measurements, it is shown that these ultrasharp microneedles, fabricated using a bulk micromachining process and which have tip radii as low as 50 nm, penetrate in-vivo human skin smoothly and without a measurable rupturing action. Skin staining techniques have been used to demonstrate that 95% penetration is achieved at just 20 mN per needle. These very low penetration forces facilitate the design of safe microneedle arrays and remove the requirement for applicator devices. Wearable electrode prototypes have been assembled using these arrays, and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings have been carried out to verify the functionality of the technique.
{"title":"Skin insertion mechanisms of microneedle-based dry electrodes for physiological signal monitoring","authors":"C. O’Mahony, F. Pini, Liza Vereschagina, A. Blake, J. O'Brien, C. Webster, P. Galvin, K. McCarthy","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679642","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the skin penetration mechanisms and insertion forces of a microneedle-based dry electrode for physiological signal monitoring. Using force-displacement measurements, it is shown that these ultrasharp microneedles, fabricated using a bulk micromachining process and which have tip radii as low as 50 nm, penetrate in-vivo human skin smoothly and without a measurable rupturing action. Skin staining techniques have been used to demonstrate that 95% penetration is achieved at just 20 mN per needle. These very low penetration forces facilitate the design of safe microneedle arrays and remove the requirement for applicator devices. Wearable electrode prototypes have been assembled using these arrays, and electrocardiography (ECG) recordings have been carried out to verify the functionality of the technique.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116157793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679673
N. Nicolaou, J. Georgiou
This paper investigates the non-linear dynamic relationship between electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals during sleep. These relationships were studied with Cross-Recurrence Rate (CRR), a non-linear measure that studies the recurrence of the phase space trajectories of dynamical systems. Data from 10 subjects during sleep were obtained from the MIT-BIH Polysomnographic database and the CRR between ECG and EEG signals was estimated. The investigations revealed strong coupling relationships between ECG and EEG that varied according to the underlying sleep stage. From a physiological perspective, the findings indicate an increase in EEG and ECG during deep sleep, while also indicating the feasibility of potential CRR application for automatic sleep staging.
{"title":"Towards automatic sleep staging via Cross-Recurrence Rate of EEG and ECG activity","authors":"N. Nicolaou, J. Georgiou","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679673","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the non-linear dynamic relationship between electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) signals during sleep. These relationships were studied with Cross-Recurrence Rate (CRR), a non-linear measure that studies the recurrence of the phase space trajectories of dynamical systems. Data from 10 subjects during sleep were obtained from the MIT-BIH Polysomnographic database and the CRR between ECG and EEG signals was estimated. The investigations revealed strong coupling relationships between ECG and EEG that varied according to the underlying sleep stage. From a physiological perspective, the findings indicate an increase in EEG and ECG during deep sleep, while also indicating the feasibility of potential CRR application for automatic sleep staging.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126163440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679639
G. Peng, M. Bocko
Non-contact ECG monitoring is an attractive option in a number of applications such as long-term health monitoring where traditional adhesive ECG sensors would cause skin irritation and require frequent replacement. Also, integrating ECG sensors into furniture, automobile seats and elsewhere in the environment will enable non-invasive sensing of cardiac signals. Subject-electrode relative motion causes spurious signals and significant signal distortion. The ECG signal of interest as well as static charge and electromagnetic interference are modulated by changes in the coupling capacitance between the electrodes and subject, which leads to significant distortions. The focus of this paper is the development of a non-contacting ECG sensing system including the electrodes, interface electronics and a signal-processing unit that work together to address this issue. The subject-to-electrode distance is continuously monitored by a secondary sensing circuit that uses the ECG electrodes themselves which serve as both the primary ECG readout and the secondary subject-to-electrode distance readout. Finally, the experimental results show the secondary readout signal can be used to compensate the motion-related gain variations of the primary ECG monitoring circuit as well as the additive interference by motion events.
{"title":"Non-contact ECG employing signal compensation","authors":"G. Peng, M. Bocko","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679639","url":null,"abstract":"Non-contact ECG monitoring is an attractive option in a number of applications such as long-term health monitoring where traditional adhesive ECG sensors would cause skin irritation and require frequent replacement. Also, integrating ECG sensors into furniture, automobile seats and elsewhere in the environment will enable non-invasive sensing of cardiac signals. Subject-electrode relative motion causes spurious signals and significant signal distortion. The ECG signal of interest as well as static charge and electromagnetic interference are modulated by changes in the coupling capacitance between the electrodes and subject, which leads to significant distortions. The focus of this paper is the development of a non-contacting ECG sensing system including the electrodes, interface electronics and a signal-processing unit that work together to address this issue. The subject-to-electrode distance is continuously monitored by a secondary sensing circuit that uses the ECG electrodes themselves which serve as both the primary ECG readout and the secondary subject-to-electrode distance readout. Finally, the experimental results show the secondary readout signal can be used to compensate the motion-related gain variations of the primary ECG monitoring circuit as well as the additive interference by motion events.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125915755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679665
C. Baj-Rossi, Enver G. Kilinc, S. Ghoreishizadeh, Daniele Casarino, T. R. Jost, C. Dehollain, F. Grassi, L. Pastorino, G. Micheli, S. Carrara
In this work, we showed the realization of a fully-implantable device that integrates a microfabricated sensing platform , a coil for power and data transmission and integrated circuits. We described a device intended to test the biocompatibility of the materials used for the microfabrication. Therefore, electronics measurements for data communication and remote powering will be reported in another article [1]. To ensure biocompatibility an epoxy enhanced polyurethane membrane was used to cover the device. We proved through an in-vitro characterization that the membrane was capable to retain enzyme activity up to 35 days. After 30 days of implant in mice, in-vivo experiments proved that the membrane promotes the integration of the sensor with the surrounding tissue, as demonstrated by the low inflammation level at the implant site.
{"title":"Fabrication and packaging of a fully implantable biosensor array","authors":"C. Baj-Rossi, Enver G. Kilinc, S. Ghoreishizadeh, Daniele Casarino, T. R. Jost, C. Dehollain, F. Grassi, L. Pastorino, G. Micheli, S. Carrara","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679665","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we showed the realization of a fully-implantable device that integrates a microfabricated sensing platform , a coil for power and data transmission and integrated circuits. We described a device intended to test the biocompatibility of the materials used for the microfabrication. Therefore, electronics measurements for data communication and remote powering will be reported in another article [1]. To ensure biocompatibility an epoxy enhanced polyurethane membrane was used to cover the device. We proved through an in-vitro characterization that the membrane was capable to retain enzyme activity up to 35 days. After 30 days of implant in mice, in-vivo experiments proved that the membrane promotes the integration of the sensor with the surrounding tissue, as demonstrated by the low inflammation level at the implant site.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130133334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679657
T. Torfs, R. Yazicioglu
A system for non-contact ECG recording is proposed that measures the real time electrode-body capacitance concurrently with the ECG. The realized system has been bench-validated to accurately measure capacitance and initial measurements on the human body are presented that indicate a correlation between electrode motion artifacts in the ECG and the real time capacitive impedance signal. This indicates that the additional capacitance information can potentially be used to reduce electrode motion artifacts, one of the main problems in ECG recording.
{"title":"Non-contact ECG recording system with real time capacitance measurement for motion artifact reduction","authors":"T. Torfs, R. Yazicioglu","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679657","url":null,"abstract":"A system for non-contact ECG recording is proposed that measures the real time electrode-body capacitance concurrently with the ECG. The realized system has been bench-validated to accurately measure capacitance and initial measurements on the human body are presented that indicate a correlation between electrode motion artifacts in the ECG and the real time capacitive impedance signal. This indicates that the additional capacitance information can potentially be used to reduce electrode motion artifacts, one of the main problems in ECG recording.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"8 31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129929473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679650
Nuno M. M. Pires, T. Dong
It is reported a high-throughput microfluidic system integrating organic photodetectors based on poly(2,7-carbazole) semiconducting polymer. The system reported here showed detection limits of 105-106 cells/mL for the chemiluminescence detection of two bacterial cells. The detection of viral particles as low as 10-4 μg/mL was also shown. High specificity and ability to perform multiplexed analysis in an integrated lab-on-a-chip device was demonstrated.
{"title":"Multiplexed detection of waterborne pathogens with an array of microfluidic integrated high-sensitivity organic photodiodes","authors":"Nuno M. M. Pires, T. Dong","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679650","url":null,"abstract":"It is reported a high-throughput microfluidic system integrating organic photodetectors based on poly(2,7-carbazole) semiconducting polymer. The system reported here showed detection limits of 105-106 cells/mL for the chemiluminescence detection of two bacterial cells. The detection of viral particles as low as 10-4 μg/mL was also shown. High specificity and ability to perform multiplexed analysis in an integrated lab-on-a-chip device was demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128900131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679662
Yi Li, Xu Cheng, Yicheng Zhang, Weijing Shi, Jun Han, Xiaoyang Zeng
Compressed sensing is considered as a novel energy and bandwidth solution for wireless body area networks. In subthreshold operation, the conventional parallel structure is less energy-efficient than pipeline due to the low-frequency signals and the serious leakage energy. In this paper, we present a clockless pipeline compressed sensing encoder for highly energy-efficient purpose. Quasi-Delay-Insensitive circuits are introduced in the memory and the adder for improving the subthreshold robustness. The zero value detector in control units reduces the costs of computing power consumption and period. The full customized design is implemented in TSMC 65nm LP CMOS technology. Post-layout simulation results show that it can operate in the subthreshold supply voltage of 200mV. The most energy-efficient point is achieved as 109.8pJ at 300 mV. The max operation frequency ranges from 3KHz to 690KHz at 200mV to 600mV. For a fixed-throughput ECG signal, it improves 9.5× energy-efficiency compared with the parallel structure at 300mV and realizes minimum power consumption of 0.23μW at 200mV.
{"title":"A highly energy-efficient compressed sensing encoder with robust subthreshold clockless pipeline for wireless BANs","authors":"Yi Li, Xu Cheng, Yicheng Zhang, Weijing Shi, Jun Han, Xiaoyang Zeng","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679662","url":null,"abstract":"Compressed sensing is considered as a novel energy and bandwidth solution for wireless body area networks. In subthreshold operation, the conventional parallel structure is less energy-efficient than pipeline due to the low-frequency signals and the serious leakage energy. In this paper, we present a clockless pipeline compressed sensing encoder for highly energy-efficient purpose. Quasi-Delay-Insensitive circuits are introduced in the memory and the adder for improving the subthreshold robustness. The zero value detector in control units reduces the costs of computing power consumption and period. The full customized design is implemented in TSMC 65nm LP CMOS technology. Post-layout simulation results show that it can operate in the subthreshold supply voltage of 200mV. The most energy-efficient point is achieved as 109.8pJ at 300 mV. The max operation frequency ranges from 3KHz to 690KHz at 200mV to 600mV. For a fixed-throughput ECG signal, it improves 9.5× energy-efficiency compared with the parallel structure at 300mV and realizes minimum power consumption of 0.23μW at 200mV.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121826207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679695
Yu-Yu Liao, Wei-Ming Chen, Chung-Yu Wu
In this paper, a low power integer-N cascaded Phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed to provide the carrier signal and clock signals for a SOC with MedRadio-band transceiver, ADC, DSP, and 13.56-MHz wireless power supply. In the proposed cascaded PLL, the first PLL provides the sampling clocks while the second PLL provides the carrier clock. Furthermore, the 13.56-MHz signal from the receiving coil of the wireless power transmission system is utilized as the input reference signal. Ring-based voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is designed to minimize both power consumption and chip area. The proposed cascaded PLL is designed and implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The measured phase noise is -79 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset under 402.9 MHz. The measured power consumptions are 0.28 mW in the first PLL and 0.46mW in the second PLL with a 1.8V supply voltage. The proposed cascaded PLL has low power dissipation, small chip area, and no off-chip components or crystal oscillator. It is suitable for the integration with implantable medical SOCs.
{"title":"A CMOS MedRadio-band low-power integer-N cascaded phase-locked loop for implantable medical SOCs","authors":"Yu-Yu Liao, Wei-Ming Chen, Chung-Yu Wu","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679695","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a low power integer-N cascaded Phase-locked loop (PLL) is proposed to provide the carrier signal and clock signals for a SOC with MedRadio-band transceiver, ADC, DSP, and 13.56-MHz wireless power supply. In the proposed cascaded PLL, the first PLL provides the sampling clocks while the second PLL provides the carrier clock. Furthermore, the 13.56-MHz signal from the receiving coil of the wireless power transmission system is utilized as the input reference signal. Ring-based voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is designed to minimize both power consumption and chip area. The proposed cascaded PLL is designed and implemented in 0.18-μm CMOS technology. The measured phase noise is -79 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz offset under 402.9 MHz. The measured power consumptions are 0.28 mW in the first PLL and 0.46mW in the second PLL with a 1.8V supply voltage. The proposed cascaded PLL has low power dissipation, small chip area, and no off-chip components or crystal oscillator. It is suitable for the integration with implantable medical SOCs.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"124 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120872931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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