A sliding mode control method for induction motor drives is presented. Based on the model of the induction motor in the frame rotating synchronously with the stator current vector, the method possess two distinct features: decoupling control of the two components of torque; and insensitivity to motor parameter variations. The control law is represented in inequalities instead of equalities. Therefore, when the motor parameters are changed, the stability of the sliding mode and the feature of independent control will not be destroyed as long as the corresponding inequalities hold valid. That is why the proposed method is very robust. Experimental results show that even when the motor parameters are changed to a large extent, the performance of the control system remains almost unchanged.<>
{"title":"A novel sliding mode control method for induction motor drives","authors":"C. Chan, H.-W. Wang","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.298870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.298870","url":null,"abstract":"A sliding mode control method for induction motor drives is presented. Based on the model of the induction motor in the frame rotating synchronously with the stator current vector, the method possess two distinct features: decoupling control of the two components of torque; and insensitivity to motor parameter variations. The control law is represented in inequalities instead of equalities. Therefore, when the motor parameters are changed, the stability of the sliding mode and the feature of independent control will not be destroyed as long as the corresponding inequalities hold valid. That is why the proposed method is very robust. Experimental results show that even when the motor parameters are changed to a large extent, the performance of the control system remains almost unchanged.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121813119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The author describes a new design approach of using PSpice to determine the compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) operating point and approximate lamp current crest factor, using an experimentally determined lamp characteristic curve. An optimized design can be achieved by evaluating line regulation, relative open circuit voltage, and relative lamp current crest factor. The use of PSpice software to estimate the CFL's behavior at nominal and elevated temperature is also described. Lamp current variation was evaluated with a matrix of base drive transformers, switching transistors, and ballasting inductors. The impact of important component characteristics, including magnetic saturation flux level, has also been considered. All simulation results are compared to actual experimental results on a voltage-sourced half bridge inverter ballasted CFL.<>
{"title":"PSpice modeling of electronically ballasted compact fluorescent lamp systems","authors":"Y. Sun","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299198","url":null,"abstract":"The author describes a new design approach of using PSpice to determine the compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) operating point and approximate lamp current crest factor, using an experimentally determined lamp characteristic curve. An optimized design can be achieved by evaluating line regulation, relative open circuit voltage, and relative lamp current crest factor. The use of PSpice software to estimate the CFL's behavior at nominal and elevated temperature is also described. Lamp current variation was evaluated with a matrix of base drive transformers, switching transistors, and ballasting inductors. The impact of important component characteristics, including magnetic saturation flux level, has also been considered. All simulation results are compared to actual experimental results on a voltage-sourced half bridge inverter ballasted CFL.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127118514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Differences in electrical characteristics of barbed plate-to-plate and wire-plate precipitators are presented in terms of measured current-voltage curves and spatial distributions of current at the collection plate. Data are obtained in a 61.0 cm by 61.0 cm by 15.2 cm laboratory precipitator operating at Reynolds and electrohydrodynamic numbers typical of industrial precipitators. Results show that a barbed plate-to-plate precipitator produces more uniform distributions of current along the collector plates than exist in a conventional wire-plate precipitator.<>
通过测量的电流-电压曲线和收集板处电流的空间分布，给出了倒刺板对板和线板除尘器电特性的差异。数据是在雷诺数下运行的61.0 cm × 61.0 cm × 15.2 cm的实验室除尘器和典型工业除尘器的电流体动力学数值中获得的。结果表明，与传统的线板除尘器相比，倒刺板对板除尘器沿集电板的电流分布更为均匀。
{"title":"Comparison of electrical characteristics of barbed-plate and wire-plate precipitators","authors":"P. J. McKinney, Jane H. Davidson","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299105","url":null,"abstract":"Differences in electrical characteristics of barbed plate-to-plate and wire-plate precipitators are presented in terms of measured current-voltage curves and spatial distributions of current at the collection plate. Data are obtained in a 61.0 cm by 61.0 cm by 15.2 cm laboratory precipitator operating at Reynolds and electrohydrodynamic numbers typical of industrial precipitators. Results show that a barbed plate-to-plate precipitator produces more uniform distributions of current along the collector plates than exist in a conventional wire-plate precipitator.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127515697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A FLC (fuzzy logic controller) is applied to the speed control of an SRM (switched reluctance motor) drive. The FLC has been designed in terms of state evaluation control rules derived from a rough formulation of a sliding mode control of the drive. The control rules have been selected to force the drive in the sliding regime when the speed error is high and to decrease the reaching of the steady state when the speed error becomes low. In this way the drive dynamics takes advantage of the intrinsic robustness of the sliding mode control, avoiding the problem of both the switching control and the chattering phenomenon in the steady state. The resulting drive has been simulated and significant tests have been carried out. The traces are in line with the expectations, confirming that the FLC represents a powerful tool to give the drive superior performance.<>
{"title":"Fuzzy logic control of a switched reluctance motor drive","authors":"S. Bolognani, M. Zigliotto","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299145","url":null,"abstract":"A FLC (fuzzy logic controller) is applied to the speed control of an SRM (switched reluctance motor) drive. The FLC has been designed in terms of state evaluation control rules derived from a rough formulation of a sliding mode control of the drive. The control rules have been selected to force the drive in the sliding regime when the speed error is high and to decrease the reaching of the steady state when the speed error becomes low. In this way the drive dynamics takes advantage of the intrinsic robustness of the sliding mode control, avoiding the problem of both the switching control and the chattering phenomenon in the steady state. The resulting drive has been simulated and significant tests have been carried out. The traces are in line with the expectations, confirming that the FLC represents a powerful tool to give the drive superior performance.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124900685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors discuss an optoelectronic system capable of providing information on the instantaneous spatially averaged junction temperature of high-power devices such as GTO (gate turn-off thyristors) and IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistors) and high-power semiconductor lasers. The potential applications of such a system are threefold: to provide real-time information on the junction temperatures for control purposes, to use the information pertaining to the device temperature for purposes of understanding the mechanism for device failure, and to specify power device ratings. The key features of this system are a micromanipulated fiber cable, a collimator, an acoustooptic modulator, two cooled InSb detectors with associated narrow-band filters, a temperature sensor, an electronic processing unit, a thermoelectric and thermomagnetic cascaded cooling unit, and a switched mode power supply. Major design issues such as the reduction in 1/f noise and high bandwidth operation were addressed by using an acoustooptic modulator. The detectors were operated without bias in order to minimize the noise. The minimum internal noise was controlled by lowering the detector temperature until the noise level was background-limited.<>
{"title":"Thermal diagnostics of high power electrical and optical device time to failure","authors":"F. Dawson, H. Ruda","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299079","url":null,"abstract":"The authors discuss an optoelectronic system capable of providing information on the instantaneous spatially averaged junction temperature of high-power devices such as GTO (gate turn-off thyristors) and IGBTs (insulated-gate bipolar transistors) and high-power semiconductor lasers. The potential applications of such a system are threefold: to provide real-time information on the junction temperatures for control purposes, to use the information pertaining to the device temperature for purposes of understanding the mechanism for device failure, and to specify power device ratings. The key features of this system are a micromanipulated fiber cable, a collimator, an acoustooptic modulator, two cooled InSb detectors with associated narrow-band filters, a temperature sensor, an electronic processing unit, a thermoelectric and thermomagnetic cascaded cooling unit, and a switched mode power supply. Major design issues such as the reduction in 1/f noise and high bandwidth operation were addressed by using an acoustooptic modulator. The detectors were operated without bias in order to minimize the noise. The minimum internal noise was controlled by lowering the detector temperature until the noise level was background-limited.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125193450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Chakrabarti, A. Mizuno, K. Shimizu, T. Matsuoka, S. Furuta
An experimental study on the removal of NH/sub 3/, NO, and NO/sub x/ in concentrations of 10-40 ppm in air has been carried out using plasma chemical reaction in a streamer corona discharge. The results of the performance of dry-type and semi-wet-type reactors are compared. The effect of different types of applied voltages such as rectangular pulse, 60 Hz sinusoidal, and 18 kHz alternating voltages is investigated. During NO removal, O/sub 3/ and NO/sub 2/ are produced. NO/sub 2/ can, partially, be removed with higher power input into the discharge. Another undesirable pollutant, namely N/sub 2/O, is also produced, especially in the case of dry reactors having long residence time ( approximately 2.4 s). N/sub 2/O production decreases, essentially, to zero at 0.6 s residence time when using a semiwet reactor. In general, higher removal efficiency has been obtained with pulse voltage in a wet reactor. NH/sub 3/ in air appears to produce ozone and ammonium nitrate in a discharge. The performance of semiwet reactors with regard to the removal of submicron dust particles has also been investigated and very high removal efficiency ( approximately 93% at 0.6 s residence time) has been obtained.<>
{"title":"Gas cleaning with semi-wet type plasma reactor","authors":"A. Chakrabarti, A. Mizuno, K. Shimizu, T. Matsuoka, S. Furuta","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299134","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental study on the removal of NH/sub 3/, NO, and NO/sub x/ in concentrations of 10-40 ppm in air has been carried out using plasma chemical reaction in a streamer corona discharge. The results of the performance of dry-type and semi-wet-type reactors are compared. The effect of different types of applied voltages such as rectangular pulse, 60 Hz sinusoidal, and 18 kHz alternating voltages is investigated. During NO removal, O/sub 3/ and NO/sub 2/ are produced. NO/sub 2/ can, partially, be removed with higher power input into the discharge. Another undesirable pollutant, namely N/sub 2/O, is also produced, especially in the case of dry reactors having long residence time ( approximately 2.4 s). N/sub 2/O production decreases, essentially, to zero at 0.6 s residence time when using a semiwet reactor. In general, higher removal efficiency has been obtained with pulse voltage in a wet reactor. NH/sub 3/ in air appears to produce ozone and ammonium nitrate in a discharge. The performance of semiwet reactors with regard to the removal of submicron dust particles has also been investigated and very high removal efficiency ( approximately 93% at 0.6 s residence time) has been obtained.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126178919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The simulation of a two-dimensional electrified liquid jet is described, and a set of time-sequence graphs is used to illustrate the formation and breakup of the charged jet into droplets. The motivation for the fluid flow model is given, and the major numerical considerations of the code are described.<>
{"title":"Simulating the disintegration of a charged liquid jet","authors":"M.J. Kaiser, K. L. Kaiser, W. Weeks","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299118","url":null,"abstract":"The simulation of a two-dimensional electrified liquid jet is described, and a set of time-sequence graphs is used to illustrate the formation and breakup of the charged jet into droplets. The motivation for the fluid flow model is given, and the major numerical considerations of the code are described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123670467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The problem of using a noncontacting electrostatic voltmeter to measure surface charge is addressed. By design a noncontacting voltmeter enforces a zero-field condition at its probe by adjusting its own probe potential. When an isolated charge distribution is measured, the field around the probe is shown to consist of two superimposed components, one equal to the field caused by the measured charge distribution and a grounded probe, and the other equal to the field of the energized probe with the charge distribution absent. The resulting probe potential is shown to depend on the magnitude of the measured charge, its physical geometry, the geometry of the probe, and the position of the probe relative to the charge distribution. A method for interpreting the reading of a noncontacting voltmeter based on these factors is presented and experimentally verified.<>
{"title":"Measuring surface charge with a noncontacting voltmeter","authors":"M. Horenstein","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299093","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of using a noncontacting electrostatic voltmeter to measure surface charge is addressed. By design a noncontacting voltmeter enforces a zero-field condition at its probe by adjusting its own probe potential. When an isolated charge distribution is measured, the field around the probe is shown to consist of two superimposed components, one equal to the field caused by the measured charge distribution and a grounded probe, and the other equal to the field of the energized probe with the charge distribution absent. The resulting probe potential is shown to depend on the magnitude of the measured charge, its physical geometry, the geometry of the probe, and the position of the probe relative to the charge distribution. A method for interpreting the reading of a noncontacting voltmeter based on these factors is presented and experimentally verified.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115073121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A method for finding the grain margins and phase margins of nonlinear control systems for asymptotic stability is presented. The effects of adjustable parameters are analyzed. The systems considered are first linearized by the describing function method and modified by adding a gain-phase margin tester. Then the characteristic equations are formulated and factored into stability equations, and the parameter-plane method is used to find the boundaries of constant gain margin and phase margin. From these boundaries useful information about the effects of adjustable parameters on gain margins and phase margins can be obtained.<>
{"title":"Gain margins and phase margins for nonlinear control systems with adjustable parameters","authors":"M.-K. Chang, C.-H. Chang, K. Han","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299159","url":null,"abstract":"A method for finding the grain margins and phase margins of nonlinear control systems for asymptotic stability is presented. The effects of adjustable parameters are analyzed. The systems considered are first linearized by the describing function method and modified by adding a gain-phase margin tester. Then the characteristic equations are formulated and factored into stability equations, and the parameter-plane method is used to find the boundaries of constant gain margin and phase margin. From these boundaries useful information about the effects of adjustable parameters on gain margins and phase margins can be obtained.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122324411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luminaires were installed in a cold environmental chamber. Tests were carried out at 25 degrees C, 10 degrees C, 0 degrees C, -10 degrees C, and -30 degrees C. Illuminance was measured at a fixed distance from the luminaires, and their electrical parameters were studied. Luminaires operated with compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) in an environment of -30 degrees C are shown to provide less than 30% of the illuminance obtained at 25 degrees C. However, the electrical consumption and power factor are not very sensitive to the ambient temperature. Luminaires with CFLs are not recommended in a cold climate environment such as that of Quebec.<>
{"title":"Performance of compact fluorescent lamps in exterior lighting fixtures at cold temperature","authors":"A. Laperrière, R. Martel","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1993.299196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1993.299196","url":null,"abstract":"Luminaires were installed in a cold environmental chamber. Tests were carried out at 25 degrees C, 10 degrees C, 0 degrees C, -10 degrees C, and -30 degrees C. Illuminance was measured at a fixed distance from the luminaires, and their electrical parameters were studied. Luminaires operated with compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) in an environment of -30 degrees C are shown to provide less than 30% of the illuminance obtained at 25 degrees C. However, the electrical consumption and power factor are not very sensitive to the ambient temperature. Luminaires with CFLs are not recommended in a cold climate environment such as that of Quebec.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":345027,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1993 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Twenty-Eighth IAS Annual Meeting","volume":"223 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122894677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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