Forensic nursing science is a developing at a fast pace in the developed countries of the world and the forensic nurses have gained valuable roles in the different departments. Mortuary services are often in a state of neglect in the developing countries especially the postmortem examination. Mainly this is due to lack of assistance to forensic physicians by educated and trained professionals. Forensic nurses can do a variety of roles to improve the functioning of the mortuaries. Role of forensic nurses in the postmortem examination and upkeep of the mortuaries is essential and it is emphasized that forensic nurses can play a very pivotal role in the functioning of the mortuaries.
{"title":"Role of Forensic Nurses in the mortuary and postmortem examination","authors":"R. K. Gorea","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.1","url":null,"abstract":"Forensic nursing science is a developing at a fast pace in the developed countries of the world and the forensic nurses have gained valuable roles in the different departments. Mortuary services are often in a state of neglect in the developing countries especially the postmortem examination. Mainly this is due to lack of assistance to forensic physicians by educated and trained professionals. Forensic nurses can do a variety of roles to improve the functioning of the mortuaries. Role of forensic nurses in the postmortem examination and upkeep of the mortuaries is essential and it is emphasized that forensic nurses can play a very pivotal role in the functioning of the mortuaries.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114885600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vivekanshu Verma, A. Thapa, N. N. Jena, S. Senthilkumaran, Devendra Richhariya, P. Rastogi, V. Pillay
Modern Medicine has been at the forefront in the use of patient simulation for research, training and performance assessment. With simulation, no patients are at risk for exposure to novice caregivers or unproven technologies. It becomes very important in field of toxicological emergencies, due to its acute onset of presentation, rapid progression of symptoms, and early deterioration of vitals and adverse outcomes in morbidity and mortality of patients in extremes of ages. Our observational study suggests that Emergency, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (FMT) residents and Nurses have limited exposure to critically ill patients of trauma and toxicology and the budding forensic professionals lack the skills to manage them. Simulation has the potential to fill this educational void in managing clinical forensic and toxicological emergencies. The following review will attempt to answer this call by quantifying the effect of simulation-based educational interventions on retention of knowledge and clinical performance, as applied to acute care toxicology.
{"title":"Mastery learning of toxicology life support skills by nurses and doctors, utilizing simulation technology in Nepal","authors":"Vivekanshu Verma, A. Thapa, N. N. Jena, S. Senthilkumaran, Devendra Richhariya, P. Rastogi, V. Pillay","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.3","url":null,"abstract":"Modern Medicine has been at the forefront in the use of patient simulation for research, training and performance assessment. With simulation, no patients are at risk for exposure to novice caregivers or unproven technologies. It becomes very important in field of toxicological emergencies, due to its acute onset of presentation, rapid progression of symptoms, and early deterioration of vitals and adverse outcomes in morbidity and mortality of patients in extremes of ages. Our observational study suggests that Emergency, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology (FMT) residents and Nurses have limited exposure to critically ill patients of trauma and toxicology and the budding forensic professionals lack the skills to manage them. Simulation has the potential to fill this educational void in managing clinical forensic and toxicological emergencies. The following review will attempt to answer this call by quantifying the effect of simulation-based educational interventions on retention of knowledge and clinical performance, as applied to acute care toxicology.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113965771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Syedur Rahaman Sumon, M. Rashid, F. A. Mollika, M. T. Asha, Bijoy Prokash Biswas, Md. Zamilur Rahman, Md. Belayet Hossain Khan
Sexual assault is defined as any sexual act performed by one (or more) person(s) on another without consent. It may include the use of threat or force. In some cases, the person cannot give consent to sex because he/she is unconscious or otherwise incapacitated. A person may be raped by a stranger, an acquaintance or date or a family member. The purpose of the present study was to find out the medicolegal findings of rape victims in order to point out the visible loopholes of the procedure. This was a cross sectional descriptive type of study which was done in the Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka , Bangladesh from January to December 2015 with maintaining ethical issues. Rape cases were sent for medicolegal examination and victims who ultimately agreed to do medicolegal examinations were examined and opinions were given regarding the issues. In this study, majority (70.0%) of the victims was within 11 to 20 years of age and 65.0% of the victims were unmarried. Almost 68.0% of the victims were examined within 7 days followed by 32.0% of the victims after 7 days to beyond one month after rape; however, 48.0% of the victims showed sign of recent hymeneal tear with bruise and abrasion followed by 52.0% showed sign of old hymeneal tear. Spermatozoa were not found in any of the specimen of high vaginal swab. Young adults remain the most vulnerable group, so education related to sex, morality, humanity and different life skills training should be provided to these groups from their school years itself. The benefits of early intervention and comprehensive care of survivors with the use of standardized protocols along with shorter and lesser traumatic period of court processing to the survivors of these cases should be encouraged.
{"title":"An overview of sexual assault cases in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Syedur Rahaman Sumon, M. Rashid, F. A. Mollika, M. T. Asha, Bijoy Prokash Biswas, Md. Zamilur Rahman, Md. Belayet Hossain Khan","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual assault is defined as any sexual act performed by one (or more) person(s) on another without consent. It may include the use of threat or force. In some cases, the person cannot give consent to sex because he/she is unconscious or otherwise incapacitated. A person may be raped by a stranger, an acquaintance or date or a family member. The purpose of the present study was to find out the medicolegal findings of rape victims in order to point out the visible loopholes of the procedure. This was a cross sectional descriptive type of study which was done in the Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka , Bangladesh from January to December 2015 with maintaining ethical issues. Rape cases were sent for medicolegal examination and victims who ultimately agreed to do medicolegal examinations were examined and opinions were given regarding the issues. In this study, majority (70.0%) of the victims was within 11 to 20 years of age and 65.0% of the victims were unmarried. Almost 68.0% of the victims were examined within 7 days followed by 32.0% of the victims after 7 days to beyond one month after rape; however, 48.0% of the victims showed sign of recent hymeneal tear with bruise and abrasion followed by 52.0% showed sign of old hymeneal tear. Spermatozoa were not found in any of the specimen of high vaginal swab. Young adults remain the most vulnerable group, so education related to sex, morality, humanity and different life skills training should be provided to these groups from their school years itself. The benefits of early intervention and comprehensive care of survivors with the use of standardized protocols along with shorter and lesser traumatic period of court processing to the survivors of these cases should be encouraged.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116013473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prevention of medicolegal case by proving Patient’s contributory Negligence beforehand, by keeping betel nuts in mouth while sleeping, as bad habit documented in social history of patient, is better option, than fighting these allegations in the consumer courts, to prove our innocence as health care provider, filed mostly under Consumer Protection Act. We are presenting an interesting case reported in our Emergency, brought in critical state, rescued by logical approach in diagnosing, and recovered after bronchoscopic removal judiciously.
{"title":"Nut case in ER: ISTOLS Toxidromal Approach by Indian Society of Toxicology in managing\u0000botanical emergencies due to Areca Catechu - Betel Nuts","authors":"Vivekanshu Verma","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.8","url":null,"abstract":"Prevention of medicolegal case by proving Patient’s contributory Negligence beforehand, by keeping betel nuts in mouth while sleeping, as bad habit documented in social history of patient, is better option, than fighting these allegations in the consumer courts, to prove our innocence as health care provider, filed mostly under Consumer Protection Act. We are presenting an interesting case reported in our Emergency, brought in critical state, rescued by logical approach in diagnosing, and recovered after bronchoscopic removal judiciously.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129642116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Persons working in the mortuaries face numerous hazards and if proper precautions are not observed such persons can fall sick by the infectious agents. A review has been carried out to find out the various agents responsible for causing infection in the mortuaries. Practices in the mortuaries that can cause harm to the workers have also been reviewed. The various methods that can reduce or eliminate the chances of such infections and precautions to reduce the hazards in postmortem examination have also been reviewed.
{"title":"Risks, hazards and safety in mortuaries","authors":"M. Khan, M. Hasan, R. K. Gorea","doi":"10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/ijetv.v6i01.7","url":null,"abstract":"Persons working in the mortuaries face numerous hazards and if proper precautions are not observed such persons can fall sick by the infectious agents. A review has been carried out to find out the various agents responsible for causing infection in the mortuaries. Practices in the mortuaries that can cause harm to the workers have also been reviewed. The various methods that can reduce or eliminate the chances of such infections and precautions to reduce the hazards in postmortem examination have also been reviewed.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121297232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Indonesia is one of the countries that have a medium HBsAg prevalence, which is between 3.0% -18.5%. In Islam, the vaccination includes preventive treatment measures (wiqayah), therefore the vaccines are subject to legal treatment, with various opinions from halal (permissible) to forbidden. Method: The design of this study uses cross sectional research design. The population of this study is students who are registered as active students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University year 2015 by using questionnaire. Result: The students’ knowledge about rejecting the vaccine can be penalized is 27%. Knowledge of students regarding the provision of vaccine does not require informed consent is 69%. The study on student’s attitudes towards vaccine programs promoted by the government, 44 students answer doubtfully or 31.2%. The students’ attitude agrees with the provision of vaccines is 33.1%. The students’ attitude in giving informed consent before the vaccination is 70.8% or 109 students choose this attitude. Education before giving the vaccine is as many as 89 students choose doubtful attitude. While the students’ attitude that the tahnik method can be an alternative as a substitute for vaccines is 89 students (57.8%) state disagree. Conclusion: The lack of students’ knowledge towards Aluminum content, Thimerosal and formaldehyde in vaccines, but the students know that long-term side effects of Hepatitis B Vaccine contains Aluminum, Thimerosal and Formaldehyde can cause damage to the central nervous system. Regarding the students’ attitude towards Hepatitis B immunization, the students agree with the immunization program promoted by the government but they agree that if informed consent is taken and do not know the sanction if they block or reject the immunization program from the government.
{"title":"Knowledge and attitudes of students of faculty of medicine, Yarsi University regarding Hepatitis B Vaccine viewed from the medical perspective and the overview of Islamic side","authors":"A. Z. Sahir, Ferryal Basbeth","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Indonesia is one of the countries that have a medium HBsAg prevalence, which is between 3.0% -18.5%. In Islam, the vaccination includes preventive treatment measures (wiqayah), therefore the vaccines are subject to legal treatment, with various opinions from halal (permissible) to forbidden. Method: The design of this study uses cross sectional research design. The population of this study is students who are registered as active students of Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University year 2015 by using questionnaire. Result: The students’ knowledge about rejecting the vaccine can be penalized is 27%. Knowledge of students regarding the provision of vaccine does not require informed consent is 69%. The study on student’s attitudes towards vaccine programs promoted by the government, 44 students answer doubtfully or 31.2%. The students’ attitude agrees with the provision of vaccines is 33.1%. The students’ attitude in giving informed consent before the vaccination is 70.8% or 109 students choose this attitude. Education before giving the vaccine is as many as 89 students choose doubtful attitude. While the students’ attitude that the tahnik method can be an alternative as a substitute for vaccines is 89 students (57.8%) state disagree. Conclusion: The lack of students’ knowledge towards Aluminum content, Thimerosal and formaldehyde in vaccines, but the students know that long-term side effects of Hepatitis B Vaccine contains Aluminum, Thimerosal and Formaldehyde can cause damage to the central nervous system. Regarding the students’ attitude towards Hepatitis B immunization, the students agree with the immunization program promoted by the government but they agree that if informed consent is taken and do not know the sanction if they block or reject the immunization program from the government.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127025044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction- The Indian Penal Code, 1860 governs the substantive part and the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 along with the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 governs the procedural part of the criminal law of the country. Material and Methods- A thorough study was made from the available online resources and books. Result- It is worth mentioning that the amendments in laws from time to time make it flexible for implementation in present context. Conclusion- Indian Penal Code is derived from British Penal Code which is primitive in present context. So, many laws prevailing in India, codified as IEA, CrPC, and IPC needs amendment from time to time.
{"title":"Recent amendments in the acts related to medical practice","authors":"M. Pathak, Rohini","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.6","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction- The Indian Penal Code, 1860 governs the substantive part and the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 along with the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 governs the procedural part of the criminal law of the country. Material and Methods- A thorough study was made from the available online resources and books. Result- It is worth mentioning that the amendments in laws from time to time make it flexible for implementation in present context. Conclusion- Indian Penal Code is derived from British Penal Code which is primitive in present context. So, many laws prevailing in India, codified as IEA, CrPC, and IPC needs amendment from time to time.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115979094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cannabis, also known by various names such as marijuana, ganja, grass, ‘sayur,’ ‘tarekDaun,’ Indian hemp, ‘Barang weed,’ joints, sticks, hashish, dope, pot, and weed in Malaysia (Harun, 2016) is a flowering plant that could produce at least 113 different cannabinoids with the most notable cannabinoids are the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis use had been backdated to 2900 B.C where it is mostly utilised for medical purposes. However, there are some misused for recreational purposes. Due to the socio-economic issues related to cannabis use, cannabis was prohibited worldwide. Not until recently, there is increasing questionable evidence proving the medical benefits of cannabis but also increasing evidence stating its adverse effect and debunking the myth related to cannabis use. Similar to the changes that occurred internationally, cannabis use in Malaysia had dated way before 1957, however, due to unregulated usage and social impact of drug abusers, cannabis was illegalized under Dangerous Drug Act 1952. It was accepted well until few judicial decisions that envisioned the use of medical cannabis is possible in Malaysia. Currently, despite the urge from public toward government to legalize cannabis in Malaysia, the law remains static and most likely remain the same until there is significant evidence that Medical Cannabis possesses more benefits to compare to its adverse effect.
{"title":"Cannabis: The myth and medico-legal issues in current medical practice in Malaysia","authors":"H. Y. Razali, H. Zainal, M. N. Islam","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.5","url":null,"abstract":"Cannabis, also known by various names such as marijuana, ganja, grass, ‘sayur,’ ‘tarekDaun,’ Indian hemp, ‘Barang weed,’ joints, sticks, hashish, dope, pot, and weed in Malaysia (Harun, 2016) is a flowering plant that could produce at least 113 different cannabinoids with the most notable cannabinoids are the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD). Cannabis use had been backdated to 2900 B.C where it is mostly utilised for medical purposes. However, there are some misused for recreational purposes. Due to the socio-economic issues related to cannabis use, cannabis was prohibited worldwide. Not until recently, there is increasing questionable evidence proving the medical benefits of cannabis but also increasing evidence stating its adverse effect and debunking the myth related to cannabis use. Similar to the changes that occurred internationally, cannabis use in Malaysia had dated way before 1957, however, due to unregulated usage and social impact of drug abusers, cannabis was illegalized under Dangerous Drug Act 1952. It was accepted well until few judicial decisions that envisioned the use of medical cannabis is possible in Malaysia. Currently, despite the urge from public toward government to legalize cannabis in Malaysia, the law remains static and most likely remain the same until there is significant evidence that Medical Cannabis possesses more benefits to compare to its adverse effect.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130357453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haemopericardium and death following spontaneous rupture of heart are not very uncommon. Various literatures till now have described cases of ventricular and atrial ruptures following either myocardial infarction or blunt trauma chest. This paper describes three different autopsy cases of heart wall rupture with haemopercardium, one each of left ventricular, right ventricular and left atrial ruptures.
{"title":"Spontaneous rupture of three different chambers of heart found during autopsy, a case series","authors":"R. Tamuli","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.7","url":null,"abstract":"Haemopericardium and death following spontaneous rupture of heart are not very uncommon. Various literatures till now have described cases of ventricular and atrial ruptures following either myocardial infarction or blunt trauma chest. This paper describes three different autopsy cases of heart wall rupture with haemopercardium, one each of left ventricular, right ventricular and left atrial ruptures.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127883931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Verma, P. Tiwari, S. Meena, Harshvardhan Tiwari
The incidences of sudden death are approximately 10 % of all death. In this study total 50 cases of sudden death were observed. Most of the sudden deaths were in 41 to 60 years of age with male predominance. Cardiovascular causes were the main causes among all sudden deaths contributing 58% of total sudden deaths. Coronary artery disease was the most common cause of not only cardiovascular deaths but also of all sudden deathscontributing 40% of total deaths and about 70% of cardiovascular sudden deaths.
{"title":"Analysis of sudden deaths: An autopsy study","authors":"L. Verma, P. Tiwari, S. Meena, Harshvardhan Tiwari","doi":"10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18099/IJETV.V5I02.3","url":null,"abstract":"The incidences of sudden death are approximately 10 % of all death. In this study total 50 cases of sudden death were observed. Most of the sudden deaths were in 41 to 60 years of age with male predominance. Cardiovascular causes were the main causes among all sudden deaths contributing 58% of total sudden deaths. Coronary artery disease was the most common cause of not only cardiovascular deaths but also of all sudden deathscontributing 40% of total deaths and about 70% of cardiovascular sudden deaths.","PeriodicalId":346392,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Ethics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114262287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：