Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4976992
N. Yonemoto, A. Kohmura, M. Matsuzaki
In this paper a new radome structure made from styrene foam coated with Efrethan® is described together with experiments on its performance. Sufficient strength to endure environmental stress is obtained from the Efrethan layer. Optimal losses are obtained from 1mm or 2mm coating at three frequencies in W-band. The developed radome performed with − .18 dB loss at 76 GHz without any disturbance of antenna pattern.
{"title":"Painted styrene radome for foreign objects and debris detection radar in W-band","authors":"N. Yonemoto, A. Kohmura, M. Matsuzaki","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4976992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4976992","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper a new radome structure made from styrene foam coated with Efrethan® is described together with experiments on its performance. Sufficient strength to endure environmental stress is obtained from the Efrethan layer. Optimal losses are obtained from 1mm or 2mm coating at three frequencies in W-band. The developed radome performed with − .18 dB loss at 76 GHz without any disturbance of antenna pattern.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115938136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977095
Hao He, P. Stoica, Jian Li
A multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar system that transmits orthogonal waveforms via its antennas can achieve a greatly increased virtual aperture compared with its phased-array counterpart. Practical radar requirements such as unit peak-to-average power ratio and range compression dictate that we use MIMO radar waveforms that have constant modulus and good auto- and cross-correlation properties. We present in this paper new computationally efficient cyclic algorithms for MIMO radar waveform synthesis. These algorithms can be used for the design of unimodular MIMO sequences that have very low auto-and cross-correlation sidelobes in a specified lag interval, and of very long sequences that could hardly be handled by other algorithms previously suggested in the literature. A number of examples are provided to demonstrate the performances of the new waveform synthesis algorithms.
{"title":"Unimodular sequence sets with good correlations for MIMO radar","authors":"Hao He, P. Stoica, Jian Li","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977095","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar system that transmits orthogonal waveforms via its antennas can achieve a greatly increased virtual aperture compared with its phased-array counterpart. Practical radar requirements such as unit peak-to-average power ratio and range compression dictate that we use MIMO radar waveforms that have constant modulus and good auto- and cross-correlation properties. We present in this paper new computationally efficient cyclic algorithms for MIMO radar waveform synthesis. These algorithms can be used for the design of unimodular MIMO sequences that have very low auto-and cross-correlation sidelobes in a specified lag interval, and of very long sequences that could hardly be handled by other algorithms previously suggested in the literature. A number of examples are provided to demonstrate the performances of the new waveform synthesis algorithms.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124116046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
James F. Kurose, D. McLaughlin, D. Pepyne, B. Philips
The NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) is advancing a new approach to radar network design based on dense networks of short-range radars. The center's concept is to deploy small radars atop communication towers, rooftops, and other elements of the infrastructure as a means to comprehensively map winds, rainfall, and other atmospheric and airborne objects throughout the atmosphere with resolution, low-altitude coverage, Doppler wind vector measurement, and other capabilities that are substantially beyond the current state-of-the-art. The technology has the potential to supplement - or perhaps replace - the large long-range civil infrastructure radars in use today.
{"title":"Short wavelength technology and the potential for distributed networks of small radar systems","authors":"James F. Kurose, D. McLaughlin, D. Pepyne, B. Philips","doi":"10.1175/2009BAMS2507.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1175/2009BAMS2507.1","url":null,"abstract":"The NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA) is advancing a new approach to radar network design based on dense networks of short-range radars. The center's concept is to deploy small radars atop communication towers, rooftops, and other elements of the infrastructure as a means to comprehensively map winds, rainfall, and other atmospheric and airborne objects throughout the atmosphere with resolution, low-altitude coverage, Doppler wind vector measurement, and other capabilities that are substantially beyond the current state-of-the-art. The technology has the potential to supplement - or perhaps replace - the large long-range civil infrastructure radars in use today.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"11 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124277396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977132
F. Ahmad, M. Amin
Distributed aperture allows the implementation of matched illumination waveform design for improved target detection in through-the-wall radar imaging and sensing applications. We consider a multistatic radar system for detection of stationary targets with known impulse responses behind walls. The stationary and slowly moving nature of typical indoor targets relaxes the orthogonality requirement on the waveforms, thereby allowing sequential transmissions from each transmitter with simultaneous reception at multiple receivers. Performance of the matched illumination multistatic waveforms is evaluated under range gate and target orientation errors using electromagnetic modeling data.
{"title":"Waveform design for distributed aperture in through-the-wall radar","authors":"F. Ahmad, M. Amin","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977132","url":null,"abstract":"Distributed aperture allows the implementation of matched illumination waveform design for improved target detection in through-the-wall radar imaging and sensing applications. We consider a multistatic radar system for detection of stationary targets with known impulse responses behind walls. The stationary and slowly moving nature of typical indoor targets relaxes the orthogonality requirement on the waveforms, thereby allowing sequential transmissions from each transmitter with simultaneous reception at multiple receivers. Performance of the matched illumination multistatic waveforms is evaluated under range gate and target orientation errors using electromagnetic modeling data.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114308514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4976962
C. Yeh, Jia Xu, Yingning Peng, Xiu-tan Wang
Rotating velocity (RV) estimation is a prerequisite for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) to re-scale the imaging results from the conventional range-Doppler (RD) domain to the range-cross range domain. Based on the mapping of RD imaging, two slope functions, i.e. Doppler-range slope and range-Doppler slope, are defined for a line on the image plane. Then, by detecting the line features on the RD plane with a Radon-CLEAN scheme, this paper proposes a RV estimation method by fitting the slope function of the extracted line features. Key steps for the method are presented and numeric experiments are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
{"title":"Rotating velocity estimation for ISAR targets via Radon detection of lines","authors":"C. Yeh, Jia Xu, Yingning Peng, Xiu-tan Wang","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4976962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4976962","url":null,"abstract":"Rotating velocity (RV) estimation is a prerequisite for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) to re-scale the imaging results from the conventional range-Doppler (RD) domain to the range-cross range domain. Based on the mapping of RD imaging, two slope functions, i.e. Doppler-range slope and range-Doppler slope, are defined for a line on the image plane. Then, by detecting the line features on the RD plane with a Radon-CLEAN scheme, this paper proposes a RV estimation method by fitting the slope function of the extracted line features. Key steps for the method are presented and numeric experiments are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117020022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977008
J. Carretero-Moya, J. Gismero-Menoyo, A. Asensio-López, A. Blanco-del-Campo
The Radon transform can be used to implement grid based “track-before-detect” processors. The approach can be described as a range alignment step followed by non-coherent integration. In this paper, a modification of the conventional direct Radon transform is proposed to coherently integrate the energy of the target. In this way, the noise and clutter contributions to each projection angle can be minimized and the overall performance of the system will improve.
{"title":"A coherent Radon transform for small target detection","authors":"J. Carretero-Moya, J. Gismero-Menoyo, A. Asensio-López, A. Blanco-del-Campo","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977008","url":null,"abstract":"The Radon transform can be used to implement grid based “track-before-detect” processors. The approach can be described as a range alignment step followed by non-coherent integration. In this paper, a modification of the conventional direct Radon transform is proposed to coherently integrate the energy of the target. In this way, the noise and clutter contributions to each projection angle can be minimized and the overall performance of the system will improve.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123965259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977115
Justion K. Voo, J. Garrison, J. Haase, T. Lulich
This paper will present results from a recent airborne campaign to collect and anayze reflected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS-R) signals. The objective of this experiment was to test the GNSS Instrument for Multistatic and Occulatation Sensing (GISMOS) and provide additional data for comparison of GNSS-R sea roughness retrievals with in situ measurements. Raw sampled data from the direct GPS signal (using a conventional navigation antenna) and the reflected signal (both right and left-hand circularly polarized nadir antennas) were recorded at both the L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.6 MHz) frequencies. These signals were post-processed using a software-defined radio. Low cost consumer gaming processors were reprogrammed to efficiently generate Delay-Doppler maps (DDMs). A scattering model was then fit to these DDMs in order to estimate the upwind and cross-wind slope variances and the principal axis direction. Initial results suggest a sensitivity to wind direction.
{"title":"Recent experiments in Ocean remote sensing with bistatic radar using Navigation Satellite Signals","authors":"Justion K. Voo, J. Garrison, J. Haase, T. Lulich","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977115","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will present results from a recent airborne campaign to collect and anayze reflected Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS-R) signals. The objective of this experiment was to test the GNSS Instrument for Multistatic and Occulatation Sensing (GISMOS) and provide additional data for comparison of GNSS-R sea roughness retrievals with in situ measurements. Raw sampled data from the direct GPS signal (using a conventional navigation antenna) and the reflected signal (both right and left-hand circularly polarized nadir antennas) were recorded at both the L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.6 MHz) frequencies. These signals were post-processed using a software-defined radio. Low cost consumer gaming processors were reprogrammed to efficiently generate Delay-Doppler maps (DDMs). A scattering model was then fit to these DDMs in order to estimate the upwind and cross-wind slope variances and the principal axis direction. Initial results suggest a sensitivity to wind direction.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130156628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977116
S. Tanelli, S. Durden, E. Im, G. Heymsfield, P. Racette, D. Starr
One of the instruments recommended for deployment on the Aerosol/Cloud/Echosystems (ACE) mission is a new advanced Cloud Profiling Radar (ACE-CPR). The atmospheric sciences community has initiated the effort to define the scientific requirements for this instrument. Initial studies focusing on system configuration, performance and feasibility start from the successful experience of the Cloud Profiling Radar on CloudSat Mission (CS-CPR), the first 94-GHz nadir-looking spaceborne radarwhich has been acquiring global time series of vertical cloud structure since June 2, 2006. In this paper we address the significance of CloudSat's accomplishments in regards to the design and development of radars for future cloud profiling missions such as EarthCARE and ACE.
{"title":"Next-generation spaceborne Cloud Profiling Radars","authors":"S. Tanelli, S. Durden, E. Im, G. Heymsfield, P. Racette, D. Starr","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977116","url":null,"abstract":"One of the instruments recommended for deployment on the Aerosol/Cloud/Echosystems (ACE) mission is a new advanced Cloud Profiling Radar (ACE-CPR). The atmospheric sciences community has initiated the effort to define the scientific requirements for this instrument. Initial studies focusing on system configuration, performance and feasibility start from the successful experience of the Cloud Profiling Radar on CloudSat Mission (CS-CPR), the first 94-GHz nadir-looking spaceborne radarwhich has been acquiring global time series of vertical cloud structure since June 2, 2006. In this paper we address the significance of CloudSat's accomplishments in regards to the design and development of radars for future cloud profiling missions such as EarthCARE and ACE.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131885771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977043
D. McWatters, A. Freedman, R. Becker, J. Granger, Phil Yates, B. Franklin, J. Borders, S. Yueh, M. Spencer, D. Price, M. Fischman, C. Cheetham, M. Paller, F. Pellerano, J. Piepmeier
In this paper, we present the architecture and design of the Aquarius instrument: a spaceborne combination radiometer-scatterometer in L-band, for measuring ocean surface salinity. In order to achieve the unprecedented measurement stability of 0.1 Kelvin for the radiometer, the Scatterometer (for correction of the sea surface roughness) is required to have a calibrated stability of 0.1 dB. Active and passive thermal control was utilized as well as RF self calibration. Novel test techniques were also developed to verify the stability requirement was met.
{"title":"Architecture and design of the aquarius instrument for RF and thermal stability","authors":"D. McWatters, A. Freedman, R. Becker, J. Granger, Phil Yates, B. Franklin, J. Borders, S. Yueh, M. Spencer, D. Price, M. Fischman, C. Cheetham, M. Paller, F. Pellerano, J. Piepmeier","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977043","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we present the architecture and design of the Aquarius instrument: a spaceborne combination radiometer-scatterometer in L-band, for measuring ocean surface salinity. In order to achieve the unprecedented measurement stability of 0.1 Kelvin for the radiometer, the Scatterometer (for correction of the sea surface roughness) is required to have a calibrated stability of 0.1 dB. Active and passive thermal control was utilized as well as RF self calibration. Novel test techniques were also developed to verify the stability requirement was met.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132007203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-05-04DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977056
M. Selvans, O. Aharonson, J. Plaut, A. Safaeinili
We use 36 MARSIS orbits to extract reflector depths for laterally extensive internal surfaces in the North Polar Plateau and compare the interpolated surface at the bottom of the ice to a prediction of that surface using MOLA data. We find that the prediction and data are in good agreement in terms of regional slope, and may even agree on the finer-scale saddle feature expected based on MOLA. We conclude that the underlying plains are not deflected anywhere beneath the ice deposits, and infer a possibly atypical composition or texture at the top of the Basal Unit in the 270° longitude direction, perhaps indicative of a paleo-dunefield.
{"title":"Structure of the basal unit of the North Polar Plateau of Mars, from MARSIS","authors":"M. Selvans, O. Aharonson, J. Plaut, A. Safaeinili","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2009.4977056","url":null,"abstract":"We use 36 MARSIS orbits to extract reflector depths for laterally extensive internal surfaces in the North Polar Plateau and compare the interpolated surface at the bottom of the ice to a prediction of that surface using MOLA data. We find that the prediction and data are in good agreement in terms of regional slope, and may even agree on the finer-scale saddle feature expected based on MOLA. We conclude that the underlying plains are not deflected anywhere beneath the ice deposits, and infer a possibly atypical composition or texture at the top of the Basal Unit in the 270° longitude direction, perhaps indicative of a paleo-dunefield.","PeriodicalId":346898,"journal":{"name":"2009 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128804337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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