Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752083
M. Hassan, A. Youssef, Y. Kadah
The evaluation of ultrasound system is measured by the development in analog and digital electronics. A modular field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based digital ultrasound beamforming is presented. The digital beamforming is implemented in Virtex-5 FPGA. The objective of this work is to develop a modular low-cost PC-based digital ultrasound imaging system that has almost all of its processing steps done on the PC side. The system consists of: two 8 channels block and reconstructed line block. The 8 channel block consist of: memory block to save the samples data after converted to fixed point type, delay block implemented by addressable shift register — the delay process is based on sampled delay focusing (SDF) — and M-code block applied the summation of each RF channel samples. The reconstructed block consists of pipelined adder to apply the summation of the two 8 channels blocks. The power consumption and device utilization was acceptable. Also it is possible to build 16-,32-,64-, and 128-channel beamformer. The hardware architecture of the design provided flexibility for beamforming.
{"title":"Modular FPGA-based digital ultrasound beamforming","authors":"M. Hassan, A. Youssef, Y. Kadah","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752083","url":null,"abstract":"The evaluation of ultrasound system is measured by the development in analog and digital electronics. A modular field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based digital ultrasound beamforming is presented. The digital beamforming is implemented in Virtex-5 FPGA. The objective of this work is to develop a modular low-cost PC-based digital ultrasound imaging system that has almost all of its processing steps done on the PC side. The system consists of: two 8 channels block and reconstructed line block. The 8 channel block consist of: memory block to save the samples data after converted to fixed point type, delay block implemented by addressable shift register — the delay process is based on sampled delay focusing (SDF) — and M-code block applied the summation of each RF channel samples. The reconstructed block consists of pipelined adder to apply the summation of the two 8 channels blocks. The power consumption and device utilization was acceptable. Also it is possible to build 16-,32-,64-, and 128-channel beamformer. The hardware architecture of the design provided flexibility for beamforming.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127351313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752059
Zahra Ghanbari, M. Najafi, M. Shamsollahi
Sleep Spindle is the hallmark of the second stage of sleep in EEG signal. It had been analyzed using different methods, including Fourier transform, parametric and non-parametric models, higher order statistics and spectra, and also time-frequency methods such as wavelet transform, and matching pursuit. In this study, bump modeling has been used to analyze sleep spindle. Bump modeling is a method which represents the time-frequency map of signals with a number of elementary functions. Results of this work demonstrate that bump modeling is capable of analyzing different sleep spindle patterns in sleep EEG signals successfully.
{"title":"Sleep spindles analysis using sparse bump modeling","authors":"Zahra Ghanbari, M. Najafi, M. Shamsollahi","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752059","url":null,"abstract":"Sleep Spindle is the hallmark of the second stage of sleep in EEG signal. It had been analyzed using different methods, including Fourier transform, parametric and non-parametric models, higher order statistics and spectra, and also time-frequency methods such as wavelet transform, and matching pursuit. In this study, bump modeling has been used to analyze sleep spindle. Bump modeling is a method which represents the time-frequency map of signals with a number of elementary functions. Results of this work demonstrate that bump modeling is capable of analyzing different sleep spindle patterns in sleep EEG signals successfully.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131659081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752139
D. Janckulík, Leona Motalova, O. Krejcar, J. Cernohorský
The most important parts of our Biotelemetry system is a hardware platform. If we could develop visualization, we must have to measure real data. They are two main choices to solve this part of system. We can use commercial devices, such as embedded PCs, PDAs and wireless ECG unit Blue ECG communicating via Bluetooth. Suggests major problems and disadvantages of their use and offers possible solutions in the form of construction of our own purpose-built equipment. Whether in the form of small auxiliary hardware and design options ECG units optimized for low power consumption and collaboration with mobile devices with limited computing capabilities. We also describe here the real-time response time of packet parsing problem.
{"title":"Packet parsing problem solving on mobile low energy client of Biotelemetry system","authors":"D. Janckulík, Leona Motalova, O. Krejcar, J. Cernohorský","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752139","url":null,"abstract":"The most important parts of our Biotelemetry system is a hardware platform. If we could develop visualization, we must have to measure real data. They are two main choices to solve this part of system. We can use commercial devices, such as embedded PCs, PDAs and wireless ECG unit Blue ECG communicating via Bluetooth. Suggests major problems and disadvantages of their use and offers possible solutions in the form of construction of our own purpose-built equipment. Whether in the form of small auxiliary hardware and design options ECG units optimized for low power consumption and collaboration with mobile devices with limited computing capabilities. We also describe here the real-time response time of packet parsing problem.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126671794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752101
I. Rezazadeh, Sanaz Parvaresh, M. Zargar, Joshua Proulx
In this work, we have implemented DCT data compression and a run-length approach to compress an ECG data signal and send the compressed data via a Bluetooth device to a mobile phone on which a .Net platform application has been installed. After reception of the compressed data, the original signal will be retrieved by the inverse DCT algorithm using the built-in application. The results have shown good compression performance indices. Transmission time is reduced due to the necessity of the energy conservation of the mobile battery and online application of telecardiology.
{"title":"ECG data compression for mobile phone tele-cardiology applications using .NET framework","authors":"I. Rezazadeh, Sanaz Parvaresh, M. Zargar, Joshua Proulx","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752101","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we have implemented DCT data compression and a run-length approach to compress an ECG data signal and send the compressed data via a Bluetooth device to a mobile phone on which a .Net platform application has been installed. After reception of the compressed data, the original signal will be retrieved by the inverse DCT algorithm using the built-in application. The results have shown good compression performance indices. Transmission time is reduced due to the necessity of the energy conservation of the mobile battery and online application of telecardiology.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126764840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752151
M. Zarifi
Multi-electrode array devices are widely considered for sensing a large amount of neural data in implantable applications. In such systems power and area are playing most important roll in design and implementation. This paper presents a low power, variable bits and small area analog to digital converter (ADC) for biopotential and neural signals-recording applications. This work has been simulated in standard 90 nm 1P9M CMOS with sample rate of 1Ms/sec and variable precision of 7 to 12 bits. The standby (no input signal) power dissipation of the ADC is 500 nW and full-scale signal conversion is 7.8 μW from a single 1.2-V supply.
{"title":"Energy efficient analog to digital converter in 90nm CMOS","authors":"M. Zarifi","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752151","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-electrode array devices are widely considered for sensing a large amount of neural data in implantable applications. In such systems power and area are playing most important roll in design and implementation. This paper presents a low power, variable bits and small area analog to digital converter (ADC) for biopotential and neural signals-recording applications. This work has been simulated in standard 90 nm 1P9M CMOS with sample rate of 1Ms/sec and variable precision of 7 to 12 bits. The standby (no input signal) power dissipation of the ADC is 500 nW and full-scale signal conversion is 7.8 μW from a single 1.2-V supply.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122273479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752154
Laleh Panjeh Shahi, H. Behnam, Ahmad Shalbaf, Z. Sani
Echocardiographic images have considerable noises (Especially speckle noise) because of their inherent nature and do not have desirable quality which makes difficult to analyze them. Therefore, it is essential to run pre-processing to reduce noises before their interpretation and analysis. In this paper, we have used Contourlet method to reduce the noise of echocardiographic images. In order to evaluate and compare the proposed method with some common de noising methods, three different criteria (mean square error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio and signal to mean square error) are used. The results showed that the proposed method is much better than the other methods. Moreover, according to expert echo cardiologist opinion, we have achieved maximum resolution other common de noising methods.
{"title":"Noise reduction in echocardigraphy images using Contourlet transform","authors":"Laleh Panjeh Shahi, H. Behnam, Ahmad Shalbaf, Z. Sani","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752154","url":null,"abstract":"Echocardiographic images have considerable noises (Especially speckle noise) because of their inherent nature and do not have desirable quality which makes difficult to analyze them. Therefore, it is essential to run pre-processing to reduce noises before their interpretation and analysis. In this paper, we have used Contourlet method to reduce the noise of echocardiographic images. In order to evaluate and compare the proposed method with some common de noising methods, three different criteria (mean square error (MSE), peak signal-to-noise ratio and signal to mean square error) are used. The results showed that the proposed method is much better than the other methods. Moreover, according to expert echo cardiologist opinion, we have achieved maximum resolution other common de noising methods.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"24 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114047731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752102
H. Ketout, J. Gu, G. Horne
In this paper, Fuzzy Cellular Neural Networks (FCNN) endocardial edge detection is proposed. The echocardiographic image is preprocessed to enhance the contrast and smoothness by utilizing MVN_CNN filtering. FCNN is applied to the smoothed image to extract the heart boundaries. Fuzzy min and max functions are employed. The comparison was made between Fuzzy, CNN and FCNN edge detectors. The FCNN approach showed better results for extracting the LV endocardial edges. Some experimental results are given for different echocardiographic images.
{"title":"MVN_CNN and FCNN for endocardial edge detection","authors":"H. Ketout, J. Gu, G. Horne","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752102","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, Fuzzy Cellular Neural Networks (FCNN) endocardial edge detection is proposed. The echocardiographic image is preprocessed to enhance the contrast and smoothness by utilizing MVN_CNN filtering. FCNN is applied to the smoothed image to extract the heart boundaries. Fuzzy min and max functions are employed. The comparison was made between Fuzzy, CNN and FCNN edge detectors. The FCNN approach showed better results for extracting the LV endocardial edges. Some experimental results are given for different echocardiographic images.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115474819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752079
Abi Hayla Myriam, Ghoussayni Salim, E. David, Khalil Mohammad
Gait analysis is often defined as the study of human walking; typically involving computerised and instrumented measurement of the movement patterns that make up walking. It is gaining acceptance as a clinical tool for the investigation of complex gait disorders to inform treatment plans. However, although the raw results can be printed in minutes, the clinical team may spend many hours in interpreting the data. For this reason, the focus in this project is in developing a technique for the analysis of gait data to aid clinical interpretation. A software package will be developed based on automating the Rancho Observational Gait Analysis approach. An automated method will be used to denote gait deviations. Causes related to deviations will be listed and the results of additional tests that may help prove or refute any cause will also be included. A report will then be generated that includes all the above. The software will be tested with data from a group of patients to check its efficiency.
{"title":"An automated method for analysis of gait data to aid clinical interpretation","authors":"Abi Hayla Myriam, Ghoussayni Salim, E. David, Khalil Mohammad","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752079","url":null,"abstract":"Gait analysis is often defined as the study of human walking; typically involving computerised and instrumented measurement of the movement patterns that make up walking. It is gaining acceptance as a clinical tool for the investigation of complex gait disorders to inform treatment plans. However, although the raw results can be printed in minutes, the clinical team may spend many hours in interpreting the data. For this reason, the focus in this project is in developing a technique for the analysis of gait data to aid clinical interpretation. A software package will be developed based on automating the Rancho Observational Gait Analysis approach. An automated method will be used to denote gait deviations. Causes related to deviations will be listed and the results of additional tests that may help prove or refute any cause will also be included. A report will then be generated that includes all the above. The software will be tested with data from a group of patients to check its efficiency.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125878200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752076
M. Mozafari, F. Moztarzadeh
In this research, novel nanocomposite scaffolds with compositions based on cross-linked gelatin (Gel) and bioactive glass (BaG) nanoparticles in the ternary SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system were prepared and fully characterized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed that the prepared scaffolds were porous with three dimensional (3D) and interconnected microstructure, pore size was 200–500 µm and the porosity was 72–86%. It is worth mentioning that the density (ρ) and the porosity percentages of the prepared samples were in the range of natural spongy bone and also, comparison between specific elastic modulus (E/ρ) indicated that their properties were very close to natural bone. In addition, the bone-like apatite formation at the surface of the samples was confirmed by different analyses. In vitro experiments with osteoblast cells indicated an appropriate penetration of the cells into the scaffold's pores, and also the continuous increase in cell aggregation on the scaffolds with increase in the incubation time demonstrated the ability of the scaffolds to support cell growth. Thus, the scaffolds could be considered as highly promising materials for bone tissue engineering applications.
{"title":"Novel porous gelatin/bioactive glass scaffolds with controlled pore structure engineered via compound techniques for bone tissue engineering","authors":"M. Mozafari, F. Moztarzadeh","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752076","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, novel nanocomposite scaffolds with compositions based on cross-linked gelatin (Gel) and bioactive glass (BaG) nanoparticles in the ternary SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system were prepared and fully characterized. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations revealed that the prepared scaffolds were porous with three dimensional (3D) and interconnected microstructure, pore size was 200–500 µm and the porosity was 72–86%. It is worth mentioning that the density (ρ) and the porosity percentages of the prepared samples were in the range of natural spongy bone and also, comparison between specific elastic modulus (E/ρ) indicated that their properties were very close to natural bone. In addition, the bone-like apatite formation at the surface of the samples was confirmed by different analyses. In vitro experiments with osteoblast cells indicated an appropriate penetration of the cells into the scaffold's pores, and also the continuous increase in cell aggregation on the scaffolds with increase in the incubation time demonstrated the ability of the scaffolds to support cell growth. Thus, the scaffolds could be considered as highly promising materials for bone tissue engineering applications.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129418664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-04-19DOI: 10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752133
Grantham K. H. Pang, D. Qiao
Iontophoresis relies on active transportation of the charged medication agent within an electric field and delivers medication transdermally. It uses electric current to ionize drug molecules and propel them through the skin. It is a kind of transdermal drug delivery method, and hence the method has to handle the variability in skin characteristics of a patient. In this paper, a preliminary study based on the different models of the skin impedance is carried out. The purpose is to examine several skin models for iontophoretic drug delivery. This paper carries out a simulation study based on three different skin impedance models.
{"title":"Iontophoretic drug delivery models","authors":"Grantham K. H. Pang, D. Qiao","doi":"10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MECBME.2011.5752133","url":null,"abstract":"Iontophoresis relies on active transportation of the charged medication agent within an electric field and delivers medication transdermally. It uses electric current to ionize drug molecules and propel them through the skin. It is a kind of transdermal drug delivery method, and hence the method has to handle the variability in skin characteristics of a patient. In this paper, a preliminary study based on the different models of the skin impedance is carried out. The purpose is to examine several skin models for iontophoretic drug delivery. This paper carries out a simulation study based on three different skin impedance models.","PeriodicalId":348448,"journal":{"name":"2011 1st Middle East Conference on Biomedical Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130909740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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