Jihyun Kim, Kelly Merrill, Kun Xu, Deanna D. Sellnow
Technological advancements in education have turned the idea of machines as teachers into a reality. To better understand this phenomenon, the present study explores how college students develop expectations (or anticipations) about a machine teacher, particularly an AI teaching assistant. Specifically, the study examines whether students’ previous experiences with online courses taught by a human teacher would influence their expectations about AI teaching assistants in future online courses. An online survey was conducted to collect data from college students in the United States. Findings indicate that positively experienced social presence of a human teacher helps develop positive expectations about an AI teaching assistant. The study provides meaningful implications and contributions to our understanding of a machine agent in education
{"title":"Embracing AI-Based Education: Perceived Social Presence of Human Teachers and Expectations About Machine Teachers in Online Education","authors":"Jihyun Kim, Kelly Merrill, Kun Xu, Deanna D. Sellnow","doi":"10.30658/hmc.4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/hmc.4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advancements in education have turned the idea of machines as teachers into a reality. To better understand this phenomenon, the present study explores how college students develop expectations (or anticipations) about a machine teacher, particularly an AI teaching assistant. Specifically, the study examines whether students’ previous experiences with online courses taught by a human teacher would influence their expectations about AI teaching assistants in future online courses. An online survey was conducted to collect data from college students in the United States. Findings indicate that positively experienced social presence of a human teacher helps develop positive expectations about an AI teaching assistant. The study provides meaningful implications and contributions to our understanding of a machine agent in education","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69533711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In human-machine communication, people interact with a communication partner that is of a different ontological nature from themselves. This study examines how people conceptualize ontological differences between humans and computers and the implications of these differences for human-machine communication. Findings based on data from qualitative interviews with 73 U.S. adults regarding disembodied artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (voice-based AI assistants, automated-writing software) show that people differentiate between humans and computers based on origin of being, degree of autonomy, status as tool/tool-user, level of intelligence, emotional capabilities, and inherent flaws. In addition, these ontological boundaries are becoming increasingly blurred as technologies emulate more human-like qualities, such as emotion. This study also demonstrates how people’s conceptualizations of the human-computer divide inform aspects of their interactions with communicative technologies.
{"title":"Ontological Boundaries between Humans and Computers and the Implications for Human-Machine Communication","authors":"Andrea Guzman","doi":"10.30658/hmc.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30658/hmc.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"In human-machine communication, people interact with a communication partner that is of a different ontological nature from themselves. This study examines how people conceptualize ontological differences between humans and computers and the implications of these differences for human-machine communication. Findings based on data from qualitative interviews with 73 U.S. adults regarding disembodied artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (voice-based AI assistants, automated-writing software) show that people differentiate between humans and computers based on origin of being, degree of autonomy, status as tool/tool-user, level of intelligence, emotional capabilities, and inherent flaws. In addition, these ontological boundaries are becoming increasingly blurred as technologies emulate more human-like qualities, such as emotion. This study also demonstrates how people’s conceptualizations of the human-computer divide inform aspects of their interactions with communicative technologies.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45077818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper describes the development of ultra low cost cell phone based remote control application for induction motor-pump based irrigation in agriculture. Rural areas in many states of India are plagued by frequent power cuts and abnormal voltage conditions. The developed system ensures that water is distributed to field whenever normal conditions exist based on task specified. The task is initially specified through keyboard / SMS. A novel concept of number of miscalls in specified duration has been used to reduce the operational cost of the system to bare minimum. Information is exchanged in form of messages / miscalls between the system and the user cell phones. The system is based on AVR ATMega32 micro-controller and includes protection against single phasing, over-current, dry running and other desirable features. RTC DS1307 and DS18S20 are used for time and temperature measurement respectively. It is expected that system will relieve hardships of farmers relating water distribution to a great extent. Future possibilities have also been explored.
{"title":"Design of Ultra Low Cost Cell Phone Based Embedded System for Irrigation","authors":"V. Ahmed, S. Ladhake","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.74","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the development of ultra low cost cell phone based remote control application for induction motor-pump based irrigation in agriculture. Rural areas in many states of India are plagued by frequent power cuts and abnormal voltage conditions. The developed system ensures that water is distributed to field whenever normal conditions exist based on task specified. The task is initially specified through keyboard / SMS. A novel concept of number of miscalls in specified duration has been used to reduce the operational cost of the system to bare minimum. Information is exchanged in form of messages / miscalls between the system and the user cell phones. The system is based on AVR ATMega32 micro-controller and includes protection against single phasing, over-current, dry running and other desirable features. RTC DS1307 and DS18S20 are used for time and temperature measurement respectively. It is expected that system will relieve hardships of farmers relating water distribution to a great extent. Future possibilities have also been explored.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75855066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J2EE provides an enterprise-class computing model and operating environment for the development of multi-tier architecture applications, and provides a good mechanism for building scalable, flexible, easy maintenance electronic commerce system. In this paper, to construct electronic commence system, J2EE structure is used, and makes the system has features of high scalability, distribution with high transparency, high modularization and reusability.
{"title":"Construction of Electronic Commerce System Based on J2EE Technology","authors":"Xiangzhong Feng","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.35","url":null,"abstract":"J2EE provides an enterprise-class computing model and operating environment for the development of multi-tier architecture applications, and provides a good mechanism for building scalable, flexible, easy maintenance electronic commerce system. In this paper, to construct electronic commence system, J2EE structure is used, and makes the system has features of high scalability, distribution with high transparency, high modularization and reusability.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73056938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The traditional lock-based concurrency control mechanism which focuses on the data’s consistency and the transactions’ concurrency cannot meet the demand that the real-time database systems make on the temporal consistency. After the improvement of the concurrency control protocol for real-time transactions, this paper will present a new concurrency control method which is based on the locking, multi-version and valid confirmation concurrency control mechanisms. This method can adopt different concurrency control mechanisms according to the idiographic situation. In this way it can effectively improve the concurrency of transactions and increase the amount of the transactions completed within the deadline. The feasible analysis denotes that this new method is better than the traditional one on performance???
{"title":"Research on the Improvement of the Concurrency Control Protocol for Real-Time Transactions","authors":"Wu Peng, Pang Zilong","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.119","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional lock-based concurrency control mechanism which focuses on the data’s consistency and the transactions’ concurrency cannot meet the demand that the real-time database systems make on the temporal consistency. After the improvement of the concurrency control protocol for real-time transactions, this paper will present a new concurrency control method which is based on the locking, multi-version and valid confirmation concurrency control mechanisms. This method can adopt different concurrency control mechanisms according to the idiographic situation. In this way it can effectively improve the concurrency of transactions and increase the amount of the transactions completed within the deadline. The feasible analysis denotes that this new method is better than the traditional one on performance???","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1109/MVHI.2010.119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72370865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Location based service (LBS) is becoming one of the most promising application with the rapid development of wireless communication, mobile computing, and location positioning technologies. Now Geography Markup Language (GML) is emerging as the de facto standard in representing and exchanging geographic information that includes both the spatial and non-spatial properties of geographic features over the Internet. GML provides an open, vendor-neutral framework for the definition of geospatial objects, which makes it much more interoperable to use GML to integrate various sources of spatial data in LBS. This paper discusses the service discovery and spatial operation issues when using GML to enhance the performance of LBS based on web service. The architecture includes back-end database server, local spatial information server, global spatial information server, and J2ME client; the server adopts two-tie architecture, which includes global spatial information service and local spatial information service; the client is to access the remote spatial information service in all kinds of mobile terminals, and displays the contents of LBS services information. The prototype shows that this approach is feasible and efficient.
{"title":"Towards Spatial Information Services in LBS: A GML-Based Approach","authors":"Fubao Zhu, Baohua Jin, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.23","url":null,"abstract":"Location based service (LBS) is becoming one of the most promising application with the rapid development of wireless communication, mobile computing, and location positioning technologies. Now Geography Markup Language (GML) is emerging as the de facto standard in representing and exchanging geographic information that includes both the spatial and non-spatial properties of geographic features over the Internet. GML provides an open, vendor-neutral framework for the definition of geospatial objects, which makes it much more interoperable to use GML to integrate various sources of spatial data in LBS. This paper discusses the service discovery and spatial operation issues when using GML to enhance the performance of LBS based on web service. The architecture includes back-end database server, local spatial information server, global spatial information server, and J2ME client; the server adopts two-tie architecture, which includes global spatial information service and local spatial information service; the client is to access the remote spatial information service in all kinds of mobile terminals, and displays the contents of LBS services information. The prototype shows that this approach is feasible and efficient.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74856301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, Au et al. proposed a practical HIBE scheme and a hierarchical identity-based signature (HIBS) scheme. They claimed that both their schemes were proven to be secure without relying on random oracle. However, in this paper, we show that their HIBE scheme is not chosen plaintext attack (CPA) secure. We also point out that their HIBS scheme does not possess the unforgeability property, and there is one mistake in their security proof. In order to overcome these drawbacks, we propose an improved method.
{"title":"Cryptanalysis and Improvement of a HIBE and HIBS without Random Oracles","authors":"Xiaoming Hu, Tong Wang, Huajie Xu","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.22","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, Au et al. proposed a practical HIBE scheme and a hierarchical identity-based signature (HIBS) scheme. They claimed that both their schemes were proven to be secure without relying on random oracle. However, in this paper, we show that their HIBE scheme is not chosen plaintext attack (CPA) secure. We also point out that their HIBS scheme does not possess the unforgeability property, and there is one mistake in their security proof. In order to overcome these drawbacks, we propose an improved method.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78933945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A numerical simulation model for gasoline engine was established by GT-POWER in order to study the NOx emissions characteristic of vehicle engine fuelled with ethanol gasoline and was validated by Experimental data. Based on the model, the variable parameters study including air-fuel radio, compression radio and ignition advance angle were carried out. The model results showed that the compression radio and the air-fuel radio played an important role during the NOx emissions characteristic. There is a significant improvement of the NOx emissions with the compression ratio increases. The cylinder pressure and temperature increased with the improvement of the compression ratio brought out the NOx emissions rise. With the improvement of the air-fuel ratio, NOx emissions increased first and then decreased. A larger ignition advance angle can decrease the NOx emissions, at the same time the danger of knock corresponding increased. So the ignition advance angle must be appropriate selected.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation Research of NOx Emissions Characteristic of Vehicle Engine Fuelled with Ethanol Gasoline","authors":"Xinguang Li, A. Zhang","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.148","url":null,"abstract":"A numerical simulation model for gasoline engine was established by GT-POWER in order to study the NOx emissions characteristic of vehicle engine fuelled with ethanol gasoline and was validated by Experimental data. Based on the model, the variable parameters study including air-fuel radio, compression radio and ignition advance angle were carried out. The model results showed that the compression radio and the air-fuel radio played an important role during the NOx emissions characteristic. There is a significant improvement of the NOx emissions with the compression ratio increases. The cylinder pressure and temperature increased with the improvement of the compression ratio brought out the NOx emissions rise. With the improvement of the air-fuel ratio, NOx emissions increased first and then decreased. A larger ignition advance angle can decrease the NOx emissions, at the same time the danger of knock corresponding increased. So the ignition advance angle must be appropriate selected.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75048753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The normalized cross correlation (NCC) has been used extensively in machine vision for industrial inspection, but the traditional NCC suffers from false alarms for a complicated image that contains partial uniform regions. In this paper, new algorithms of hypercomplex correlation are proposed. We set up a color object model in hypercomplex domain, which provides integrated color characteristics of the object. The proposed hypercomplex correlation in color image can effectively alleviate false alarms in defect detection applications.
{"title":"Hypercomplex Correlation for Defect Detection","authors":"Shipeng Xie","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.210","url":null,"abstract":"The normalized cross correlation (NCC) has been used extensively in machine vision for industrial inspection, but the traditional NCC suffers from false alarms for a complicated image that contains partial uniform regions. In this paper, new algorithms of hypercomplex correlation are proposed. We set up a color object model in hypercomplex domain, which provides integrated color characteristics of the object. The proposed hypercomplex correlation in color image can effectively alleviate false alarms in defect detection applications.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79767152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considered as an abundant, pollution-free, renewable energy source, photovoltaic energy has an increased importance in electrical power supplies because of energy tension and low-carbon economy. In this paper the model of a photovoltaic array and its characteristics are analyzed. It is obvious that the output power of photovoltaic cells has nonlinear characteristics depending on solar irradiation levels and temperature. In order to continuously deliver the maximum power to the load under the changing conditions, it is necessary to track the maximum power point of the PV array. Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller based on the improved hill-climbing is proposed in this paper. The controller based on microprocessor is used to implement the proposed MPPT algorithm, which gives a pulse width modulation (PWM) to drive the boost DC/DC converter in the photovoltaic system, and force the photovoltaic module to operate at the maximum power point. The obtained simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
{"title":"An Improved Hill-Climbing Method for the Maximum Power Point Tracking in Photovoltaic System","authors":"Chuanan Yao, Yongchang Yu","doi":"10.1109/MVHI.2010.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MVHI.2010.158","url":null,"abstract":"Considered as an abundant, pollution-free, renewable energy source, photovoltaic energy has an increased importance in electrical power supplies because of energy tension and low-carbon economy. In this paper the model of a photovoltaic array and its characteristics are analyzed. It is obvious that the output power of photovoltaic cells has nonlinear characteristics depending on solar irradiation levels and temperature. In order to continuously deliver the maximum power to the load under the changing conditions, it is necessary to track the maximum power point of the PV array. Therefore, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller based on the improved hill-climbing is proposed in this paper. The controller based on microprocessor is used to implement the proposed MPPT algorithm, which gives a pulse width modulation (PWM) to drive the boost DC/DC converter in the photovoltaic system, and force the photovoltaic module to operate at the maximum power point. The obtained simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed controller.","PeriodicalId":34860,"journal":{"name":"HumanMachine Communication Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80199331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：