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Who is (communicatively more) responsible behind the wheel? Applying the theory of communicative responsibility to TAM in the context of using navigation technology 谁(在沟通上更)负责开车?在使用导航技术的语境下,交际责任理论在TAM中的应用
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.6.11
Sungbin Youk, H. Park
By examining how perceived usefulness and ease of use relate to the user’s perception (i.e., communicative responsibility), the communicative behavior of the navigation system (i.e., the landmarks used to give directions), and the context of driving (i.e., familiarity of the driving location), this study applies the theory of communicative responsibility to the technology acceptance model to better understand why users are more likely to adopt certain navigation technologies while driving. We hypothesized that users’ perceived symmetry in communicative responsibility independently and interactively (with communicative behavior of the navigation system and the driving situation) affects perceived ease of use and usefulness of the navigation system. Consequently, the perceived ease of use and usefulness may affect the user’s intention to use the navigation system. This study found that usefulness was a significant predictor of behavioral intention. While driving in a less familiar location, the drivers perceived the navigation system to be more useful. When the navigation system provided location-specific landmarks, such as the name of a local store, drivers who attributed more communicative responsibility to the system were likely to find it useful.
通过检查感知的有用性和易用性如何与用户的感知(即沟通责任)、导航系统的沟通行为(即用于指示方向的地标)和驾驶环境(即对驾驶位置的熟悉程度)相关,本研究将沟通责任理论应用于技术接受模型,以更好地理解为什么用户在驾驶时更有可能采用某些导航技术。我们假设,用户在独立和交互的沟通责任(与导航系统的沟通行为和驾驶情况)方面的对称性会影响导航系统的易用性和有用性。因此,所感知的易用性和有用性可能影响用户使用导航系统的意图。这项研究发现,有用性是行为意向的重要预测因素。在不太熟悉的地方驾驶时,驾驶员认为导航系统更有用。当导航系统提供特定位置的地标时,例如当地商店的名称,将更多沟通责任归咎于该系统的司机可能会发现它很有用。
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引用次数: 0
Fight for Flight: The Narratives of Human Versus Machine Following Two Aviation Tragedies 为飞行而战:两起航空悲剧后人类与机器的叙事
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.2
Andrew Prahl, Rio Kin Ho Leung, Alicia Ning Shan Chua
This study provides insight into the relationship between human and machine in the professional aviation community following the 737 MAX accidents. Content analysis was conducted on a discussion forum for professional pilots to identify the major topics emerging in discussion of the accidents. A subsequent narrative analysis reveals dominant arguments of human versus machine as zero-sum, surrender to machines, and an epidemic of mistrust. Results are discussed in the context of current issues in human-machine communication, and we discuss what other quickly automating industries can learn from aviation’s experience.
这项研究为737 MAX事故后专业航空界的人与机器之间的关系提供了见解。在专业飞行员的讨论论坛上进行了内容分析,以确定事故讨论中出现的主要话题。随后的叙事分析揭示了人类与机器的主要争论是零和,向机器投降,以及不信任的流行。在当前人机通信问题的背景下讨论了结果,并讨论了其他快速自动化行业可以从航空业的经验中学到什么。
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引用次数: 1
Human, Hybrid, or Machine? Exploring the Trustworthiness of Voice-Based Assistants 人类、混血儿还是机器?探索语音助手的可信度
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.5
Lisa Weidmüller
This study investigates how people assess the trustworthiness of perceptually hybrid communicative technologies such as voice-based assistants (VBAs). VBAs are often perceived as hybrids between human and machine, which challenges previously distinct definitions of human and machine trustworthiness. Thus, this study explores how the two trustworthiness models can be combined in a hybrid trustworthiness model, which model (human, hybrid, or machine) is most applicable to examine VBA trustworthiness, and whether this differs between respondents with different levels of prior experience with VBAs. Results from two surveys revealed that, overall, the human model exhibited the best model fit; however, the hybrid model also showed acceptable model fit as prior experience increased. Findings are discussed considering the ongoing discourse to establish adequate measures for HMC research.
本研究调查了人们如何评估感知混合通信技术的可信度,如基于语音的助手(VBAs)。vba通常被视为人与机器的混合体,这挑战了以前对人与机器可信度的不同定义。因此,本研究探讨了如何将这两种可信度模型结合在一个混合可信度模型中,哪种模型(人、混合或机器)最适用于检验VBA的可信度,以及这是否在具有不同水平VBA先验经验的受访者之间有所不同。两项调查的结果表明,总体而言,人体模型表现出最佳的模型拟合;然而,随着先验经验的增加,混合模型也显示出可接受的模型拟合。研究结果讨论考虑正在进行的话语,以建立适当的措施,为HMC研究。
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引用次数: 6
Framing the Psycho-Social and Cultural Aspects of Human-Machine Communication 构建人机交流的社会心理和文化层面
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.1
L. Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards
In this introduction to the fourth volume of the journal Human-Machine Communication, we present and discuss the nine articles selected for inclusion. In this essay, we aim to frame some crucial psychological, sociological, and cultural aspects of this field of research. In particular, we situate the current scholarship from a historical perspective by (a) discussing humanity’s long walk with hybridity and otherness, at both the cultural and individual development levels, (b) considering how the organization of capital, labor, and gender relations serve as fundamental context for understanding HMC in the present day, and (c) contextualizing the development of the HMC field in light of seismic, contemporary shifts in society and the social sciences. We call on the community of researchers, students, and practitioners to ask the big questions, to ground research and theory in the past as well as the real and unfolding lifeworld of human-machine communication (including what HMC may become), and to claim a seat at the table during the earliest phases in design, testing, implementation, law and policy, and ethics to intervene for social good.
在本介绍第四卷的杂志人机通信,我们提出并讨论了九篇文章选择纳入。在这篇文章中,我们的目标是构建这个研究领域的一些关键的心理学、社会学和文化方面。特别是,我们从历史的角度来看待当前的学术(a)讨论人类在文化和个人发展水平上的混合性和差异性的漫长历程,(b)考虑资本、劳动和性别关系的组织如何成为当今理解HMC的基本背景,以及(c)根据社会和社会科学的地震、当代转变,将HMC领域的发展置于背景中。我们呼吁研究人员、学生和从业者社区提出重大问题,深入研究过去的研究和理论,以及人机通信的真实和不断发展的生活世界(包括HMC可能成为什么样子),并在设计、测试、实施、法律和政策以及道德干预的早期阶段占据一席之地,以造福社会。
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引用次数: 8
Considering the Context to Build Theory in HCI, HRI, and HMC: Explicating Differences in Processes of Communication and Socialization with Social Technologies 基于语境的HCI、HRI和HMC理论建构:用社会技术解释沟通和社会化过程的差异
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.6
Andrew Gambino, Bingjie Liu
The proliferation and integration of social technologies has occurred quickly, and the specific technologies with which we engage are ever-changing. The dynamic nature of the development and use of social technologies is often acknowledged by researchers as a limitation. In this manuscript, however, we present a discussion on the implications of our modern technological context by focusing on processes of socialization and communication that are fundamentally different from their interpersonal corollary. These are presented and discussed with the goal of providing theoretical building blocks toward a more robust understanding of phenomena of human-computer interaction, human-robot interaction, human-machine communication, and interpersonal communication.
社交技术的扩散和整合发生得很快,我们所使用的特定技术也在不断变化。社会技术的发展和使用的动态性通常被研究人员认为是一种限制。然而,在这份手稿中,我们通过关注社会化和交流的过程来讨论我们现代技术背景的含义,这些过程与人际关系的必然结果有着根本的不同。提出和讨论这些问题的目的是为更有力地理解人机交互、人机交互、人机通信和人际通信等现象提供理论基础。
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引用次数: 6
Exoskeletons and the Future of Work: Envisioning Power and Control in a Workforce Without Limits 外骨骼和工作的未来:在没有限制的劳动力中设想权力和控制
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.10
Gavin Kirkwood, Nan Wilkenfeld, Norah E. Dunbar
Exoskeletons are an emerging form of technology that combines the skills of both machines and humans to give wearers the ability to complete physically demanding tasks that would be too strenuous for most humans. Exoskeleton adoption has the potential to both enhance and disrupt many aspects of work, including power dynamics in the workplace and the human-machine interactions that take place. Dyadic Power Theory (DPT) is a useful theory for exploring the impacts of exoskeleton adoption. In this conceptual paper, we extend DPT to relationships between humans and machines in organizations, as well as human-human communication where use of an exoskeleton has resulted in shifts of power.
外骨骼是一种新兴的技术形式,它结合了机器和人类的技能,使佩戴者能够完成对大多数人来说过于费力的体力任务。外骨骼的采用有可能增强和破坏工作的许多方面,包括工作场所的权力动态和发生的人机交互。二元功率理论(DPT)是探索外骨骼采用影响的有用理论。在这篇概念性论文中,我们将DPT扩展到组织中人与机器之间的关系,以及使用外骨骼导致权力转移的人与人之间的交流。
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引用次数: 1
The Symptom of Ethics; Rethinking Ethics in the Face of the Machine 《伦理的症候》;面对机器重新思考伦理学
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.4
David J. Gunkel
This essay argues that it is the machine that constitutes the symptom of ethics— “symptom” understood as that excluded “part that has no part” in the system of moral consideration. Ethics, which has been historically organized around a human or at least biological subject, needs the machine to define the proper limits of the moral community even if it simultaneously excludes such mechanisms from any serious claim on moral consideration. The argument will proceed in five steps or movements. The first part will define and characterize “the symptom” as it has been operationalized in the work of Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek. Although Žižek appropriates this term from Jacques Lacan, he develops the concept in a unique way that exceeds Lacan’s initial psychoanalytic formulations. The second and third parts will demonstrate how the machine constitutes the symptom of moral philosophy, showing how and why it comprises the always already excluded element necessary to define the proper limits of moral subjectivity. The fourth part will then consider two alternatives that promise, but ultimately fail, to accommodate this symptom. And the final section will draw out the consequences of this analysis for ethics and its excluded others.
本文认为,正是机器构成了伦理的症状——“症状”被理解为在道德考虑体系中排除了“没有部分”。历史上一直围绕人类或至少是生物主体组织的伦理学,需要机器来定义道德共同体的适当界限,即使它同时将这种机制排除在任何严肃的道德考虑之外。辩论将分五个步骤或动作进行。第一部分将定义和描述“症状”,因为它已经在斯洛文尼亚哲学家斯拉沃伊Žižek的工作中运作。虽然Žižek借用了雅克·拉康的这个术语,但他以一种独特的方式发展了这个概念,超越了拉康最初的精神分析公式。第二部分和第三部分将展示机器如何构成道德哲学的症状,展示它如何以及为什么包含了定义道德主体性的适当界限所必需的始终被排除在外的要素。第四部分将考虑两种替代方案,它们有望缓解这种症状,但最终都失败了。最后一节将引出这种分析对伦理学及其被排除在外的其他方面的影响。
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引用次数: 2
I Get by With a Little Help From My Bots: Implications of Machine Agents in the Context of Social Support 我从我的机器人那里得到一点帮助:社会支持背景下机器代理的含义
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.8
Austin J. Beattie, Andrew C. High
In this manuscript we discuss the increasing use of machine agents as potential sources of support for humans. Continued examination of the use of machine agents, particularly chatbots (or “bots”) for support is crucial as more supportive interactions occur with these technologies. Building off extant research on supportive communication, this manuscript reviews research that has implications for bots as support providers. At the culmination of the literature review, several propositions regarding how factors of technological efficacy, problem severity, perceived stigma, and humanness affect the process of support are proposed. By reviewing relevant studies, we integrate research on human-machine and supportive communication to organize, extend, and provide a foundation for the growing body of work on machine agents for support.
在这篇手稿中,我们讨论了越来越多地使用机器代理作为支持人类的潜在来源。继续检查机器代理的使用,特别是聊天机器人(或“机器人”)的支持是至关重要的,因为这些技术会产生更多的支持性交互。在现有的支持性沟通研究的基础上,本文回顾了对机器人作为支持提供者的影响的研究。在文献回顾的高潮,关于技术效能,问题严重程度,感知污名和人性因素如何影响支持过程的几个命题被提出。通过回顾相关研究,我们整合了人机和支持性沟通的研究,以组织、扩展并为不断增长的机器代理支持工作提供基础。
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引用次数: 3
Human-Machine Communication Scholarship Trends: An Examination of Research From 2011 to 2021 in Communication Journals 人机通信学术发展趋势:2011 - 2021年通信期刊研究述评
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.3
Riley J. Richards, Patric R. Spence, Chad Edwards
Despite a relatively short history, the modern-day study of communication has grown into multiple subfields. To better understand the relationship between Human-Machine Communication (HMC) research and traditional communication science, this study examines the published scholarship in 28 communication-specific journals from 2011–2021 focused on human-machine communication (HMC). Findings suggest limited prior emphasis of HMC research within the 28 reviewed journals; however, more recent trends show a promising future for HMC scholarship. Additionally, HMC appears to be diverse in the specific context areas of research in the communication context. Finally, we offer future directions of research and suggestions for the development of HMC.
尽管传播的历史相对较短,但现代传播研究已经发展成多个分支领域。为了更好地理解人机通信(HMC)研究与传统通信科学之间的关系,本研究对2011-2021年28种通信期刊上发表的关于人机通信(HMC)的学术研究进行了分析。研究结果表明,在28份被审查的期刊中,HMC研究的优先重点有限;然而,最近的趋势显示了HMC奖学金的美好未来。此外,在交际语境中,HMC在研究的特定语境领域似乎是多样化的。最后,提出了HMC未来的研究方向和发展建议。
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引用次数: 2
Sex With Robots and Human-Machine Sexualities: Encounters Between Human-Machine Communication and Sexuality Studies 与机器人的性行为和人机性行为:人机交流与性研究的相遇
Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.30658/hmc.4.7
Marco Dehnert
Sex robots are a controversial topic. Understood as artificial-intelligence enhanced humanoid robots designed for use in partnered and solo sex, sex robots offer ample opportunities for theorizing from a Human-Machine Communication (HMC) perspective. This comparative literature review conjoins the seemingly disconnected literatures of HMC and sexuality studies (SeS) to explore questions surrounding intimacy, love, desire, sex, and sexuality among humans and machines. In particular, I argue for understanding human-machine sexualities as communicative sexuotechnical-assemblages, extending previous efforts in both HMC and SeS for more-than-human, ecological, and more fluid approaches to humans and machines, as well as to sex and sexuality. This essay continues and expands the critical turn in HMC by engaging in an interdisciplinary exercise with theoretical, design, and use/effect implications in the context of sex robots.
性爱机器人是一个有争议的话题。性爱机器人被理解为人工智能增强的类人机器人,设计用于伴侣性和单一性行为,从人机交流(HMC)的角度提供了充足的理论机会。这篇比较文献综述结合了HMC和性研究(SeS)看似不相关的文献,探讨了人类和机器之间的亲密、爱、欲望、性和性行为等问题。特别是,我主张将人机性行为理解为交流性技术的组合,扩展HMC和se之前的努力,为人类和机器以及性和性提供超越人类的、生态的和更流畅的方法。这篇文章通过在性爱机器人的背景下进行理论、设计和使用/效果的跨学科练习,继续并扩展了HMC的关键转折。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
HumanMachine Communication Journal
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