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Tapping into the Right-Brain: Using Visual Culture to Accelerate Early-Stage Adult Maltese Language Learning 开发右脑:利用视觉文化加速早期成人马耳他语学习
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1479
Jacqueline Żammit
Recent evidence suggests that right-brain practices play an important role in language learning. However, little is known about the ways in which visual culture can be used to stimulate these practices and increase language knowledge retention in adult second language learners. This study explores the role of right-brain processes through visual culture, focusing on teaching Maltese to international adults. The study conducts a focus group of twenty-seven teachers to investigate various visual culture practices used in language classes. The findings have significant implications for language researchers and teachers beyond the specific context of Maltese language learning. By highlighting the role of right-brain practices and their potential impact on language learning, this study offers pedagogical implications that extend to other language-learning contexts. It provides valuable recommendations for employing specific visual culture practices to facilitate language learning, including drawing, sketching, orthographic mapping, the memory palace approach, wordless picture books, picture-based learning methods, infographics, Face Memory Game, Spot the Difference, Word Search Puzzles, the Hidden Object Game, videos, the Shadow Matching, Find the Differences, and color-coding methods. These recommendations can inform language researchers and teachers seeking to enhance learning outcomes through visual culture practices in various language learning contexts.
最近的证据表明,右脑实践在语言学习中发挥着重要作用。然而,人们对如何利用视觉文化来激发这些练习并提高成人第二语言学习者的语言知识保持力却知之甚少。本研究通过视觉文化探索右脑过程的作用,重点是向国际成年人教授马耳他语。本研究对 27 名教师进行了焦点小组讨论,以调查语言课堂上使用的各种视觉文化实践。研究结果对语言研究人员和教师具有重要意义,而不仅仅局限于马耳他语学习这一特定环境。通过强调右脑实践的作用及其对语言学习的潜在影响,本研究提供了延伸至其他语言学习环境的教学意义。它为采用特定的视觉文化实践来促进语言学习提供了宝贵的建议,包括绘画、素描、正字法映射、记忆宫殿法、无字图画书、基于图片的学习方法、信息图表、脸部记忆游戏、发现差异、单词搜索谜题、隐藏对象游戏、视频、影子配对、查找差异和颜色编码法。这些建议可以为语言研究人员和教师提供参考,帮助他们在各种语言学习环境中通过视觉文化实践提高学习效果。
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引用次数: 0
Blue without my Green: A Corpus Analysis on Colours of Grief and Emotive Expressions of Amy Winehouse’s Compositions 没有绿色的蓝色艾米-怀恩豪斯作品中悲伤色彩与情感表达的语料库分析
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1478
Aiden Yeh, Nicola Philippou
Singers and songwriters use their music as a platform for communication, using lyrics to express intimate sentiments - often caused by the pressures of the music industry as well as personal matters such as mental health. In this study, we analysed Amy Winehouse’s songs, exploring the explicit and subliminal affective messages using linguistic techniques i.e., metaphors and colour symbolism. Grounded on corpus analysis and stages of grief theory, we looked at linguistic patterns and intensity of word choice related to Amy’s choices of colours and emotive expressions. The findings show that sadness was the most prevalent emotion in her lyrics and its correlation to her mental health issues; the transition of positive sentiments developing into negative emotions was also evident in the data. Her complex relationships and experiences were also infused into her deliberate self-portrayal of catalytic mental deterioration, self-destruction, and torment. This study offers new insights in corpus analysis research on psycholinguistics and mental health in pop culture.
歌手和词曲作者将他们的音乐作为交流的平台,用歌词来表达私密的情感--这些情感往往是由音乐产业的压力以及心理健康等个人问题引起的。在本研究中,我们分析了艾米-怀恩豪斯(Amy Winehouse)的歌曲,利用隐喻和色彩象征等语言技巧探讨了其中明确和潜意识的情感信息。在语料分析和悲伤阶段理论的基础上,我们研究了与艾米选择的颜色和情感表达相关的语言模式和选词强度。研究结果表明,悲伤是她歌词中最普遍的情绪,这与她的心理健康问题有关;数据中还明显地显示出积极情绪向消极情绪的过渡。她复杂的人际关系和经历也被注入了她刻意的自我描绘中,催化了精神退化、自我毁灭和折磨。本研究为流行文化中的心理语言学和心理健康的语料分析研究提供了新的见解。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Short-Term Memory in Language Processing: A Theoretical Review 短时记忆在语言处理中的作用:理论综述
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1376
Imane El Yousfi
This article takes an in-depth look at the complex role of short-term memory (STM) in language understanding. In addition to synthesizing previous research on this interrelationship, he ventures into less explored territory by analyzing the external and contextual factors that can influence this dynamic. The study has three main objectives: first, a comprehensive synthesis of previous work on the role of STM in various linguistic aspects; secondly, a discussion of points of convergence and divergence between these studies; and third, an innovative exploration of external influences, such as cultural and educational context, on the relationship between STM and language understanding. This last dimension sheds new light on the limitations of existing theories and highlights the importance of considering a wider range of variables when studying STM and language. The findings have significant implications for areas such as education and language therapy and suggest promising directions for future research.
本文深入探讨了短时记忆(STM)在语言理解中的复杂作用。除了对以往有关这种相互关系的研究进行综述外,他还涉足探索较少的领域,分析了可能影响这种动态变化的外部和语境因素。这项研究有三个主要目标:第一,全面综述前人关于 STM 在语言各方面作用的研究;第二,讨论这些研究之间的共同点和分歧点;第三,创新性地探讨文化和教育背景等外部因素对 STM 和语言理解之间关系的影响。最后一个维度揭示了现有理论的局限性,并强调了在研究 STM 和语言时考虑更广泛变量的重要性。研究结果对教育和语言治疗等领域具有重要意义,并为未来的研究指明了方向。
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引用次数: 0
Measurement of Language Knowledge as a Controversial Elaborative Linguistic Framework 语言知识的测量是一个有争议的阐释性语言学框架
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1438
Mustapha Boughoulid, Abdelkrim El Khatmi
This article is an attempt to determine the significance of vocabulary knowledge by describing its components and features on the basis of different existing models in such a way as to explore the language knowledge measurement criteria and find out the extent to which language knowledge is adequately measured. In fact, a plethora of research has been conducted on teaching and learning vocabulary, and testing vocabulary size. Though this linguistic element has been a controversial issue for so long, many scholars in the field of linguistics agreed upon the utility and the crucial role it has in relation to language teaching, learning, and testing. However, the investigation of the vocabulary knowledge takes into consideration three different aspects. The first aspect deals with vocabulary measurement, with the clarification of the differentiation between language knowledge in terms of its inference and language performance in terms of its observation. The second aspect examins the meaning of “word knowledge” by distinguishing between receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge. The third aspect deals with the qualitative aspect of the learners’ vocabulary knowledge in terms of understanding by identifying “breadth” and “depth”. This article also paves the way for the review of vocabulary size and the counting of family words on the basis of rigorous empirical studies in this field.    
本文试图在现有不同模型的基础上,通过描述词汇知识的构成要素和特征来确定词汇知识的意义,从而探索语言知识的测量标准,找出语言知识的充分测量程度。事实上,关于词汇的教与学、词汇量的测试等方面的研究层出不穷。尽管这一语言要素长期以来一直是一个有争议的问题,但语言学领域的许多学者都认同它在语言教学、学习和测试方面的实用性和关键作用。然而,对词汇知识的研究需要考虑三个不同的方面。第一个方面涉及词汇量的测量,明确语言知识的推理和语言表现的观察之间的区别。第二个方面是通过区分接受性词汇知识和生产性词汇知识来研究 "词汇知识 "的含义。第三方面,通过确定 "广度 "和 "深度",从理解的角度探讨学习者词汇知识的质量问题。本文还在这一领域严谨的实证研究基础上,为回顾词汇量的大小和族词的计数铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Derivational Morphology Features in Common Akeanon Dialects 常见阿肯农方言中的派生语态特征
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1441
Ersyl T. Biray
Akeanon language reflects the rich cultural uniqueness of Aklan natives in Panay Island, Philippines. It is spoken in different dialects as Akeanon Buruangganon, Akeanon Nabasnon, and Akeanon Bukidnon distinct from the standard Akeanon used in the central town of Kalibo. This descriptive cross-sectional study used documentary and content analyses to determine the derivational morphology features, and the different variations of common Akeanon dialects in terms of structure, word order, and affixation. Results revealed that most dialect variations of the language are expressed with endearment and warmth, with respect and assurance; followed by an inverted pattern from the normal word order of spoken or written English. Reduplication of base words and affixations using circumfix or confix were noted. Most of these affixes were derivational morphemes. Structure variations were observed wherein a bound morpheme in one dialect changes in another; some dropped an affix but retained its definition. Some Akeanon dialects have Tagalog origin while standard Akeanon words have substitutes in Akeanon dialect variations.
阿肯农语反映了菲律宾帕奈岛阿克兰土著丰富独特的文化。阿卡农语有不同的方言,如阿卡农布郎加农语(Akeanon Buruangganon)、阿卡农纳巴斯农语(Akeanon Nabasnon)和阿卡农布基德农语(Akeanon Bukidnon),与中部城镇卡利博使用的标准阿卡农语截然不同。这项描述性横断面研究使用文献分析和内容分析来确定派生词形态特征,以及常见阿卡农方言在结构、词序和词缀方面的不同变化。研究结果表明,大多数方言变体的语言表达方式是亲切和温暖、尊重和保证;其次是与英语口语或书面语的正常词序颠倒的模式。我们注意到基词的重复和使用环缀或词缀的词缀。这些词缀大多是派生词素。我们还注意到结构上的变化,即一种方言中的结合词素在另一种方言中发生了变化;有些方言去掉了词缀,但保留了其定义。有些 Akeanon 语方言源于他加禄语,而标准 Akeanon 语单词在 Akeanon 语方言变体中有替代词。
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引用次数: 0
"Writing Became a Tool for Self-Discovery" How Intercultural Experiences Shape EFL Instructors’ Evolving Identities and Pedagogies: A Qualitative Inquiry "写作成为自我发现的工具",跨文化经历如何影响英语教师不断发展的身份和教学法:定性调查
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1495
Mansoor S. Almalki
This qualitative study delves into the experiences of three Saudi EFL instructors who pursued their postgraduate studies in the United States, exploring the relationship between writing and identity. Through the lens of narrative inquiry, the research uncovers the multifaceted experiences of these instructors, shedding light on the interplay of cultural, linguistic, and educational influences on their professional identities. The study's findings reveal that the U.S. educational system, with its diverse pedagogical approaches and emphasis on critical thinking, played a pivotal role in shaping the instructors' perceptions of writing as an act of identity expression. Furthermore, the research highlights the transformative power of foreign education as the instructors navigate through the challenges and opportunities of studying in a different linguistic and cultural environment. Their narratives underscore the dynamic nature of identity, which is continuously negotiated and redefined in response to various educational and cultural stimuli. The importance of this study lies not only in its insights into the personal and professional journeys of the three EFL instructors but also in its broader implications for the field of EFL education. It emphasizes the need for educators and institutions to recognize and value the diverse backgrounds and experiences of EFL instructors as well as learners, as these play a crucial role in shaping pedagogical practices and beliefs. In essence, this research contributes to the growing body of literature on the nexus of writing, identity, and foreign education, offering a nuanced understanding of the challenges and rewards of cross-cultural educational experiences.
本定性研究深入探讨了三位在美国攻读研究生课程的沙特英语教师的经历,探讨了写作与身份之间的关系。通过叙事调查的视角,研究揭示了这些教师的多方面经历,揭示了文化、语言和教育对其职业身份的影响。研究结果表明,美国的教育体制及其多样化的教学方法和对批判性思维的强调,在塑造指导教师将写作作为一种身份表达行为的观念方面发挥了关键作用。此外,研究还强调了外国教育的变革力量,因为指导教师在不同的语言和文化环境中学习,既面临挑战,也面临机遇。他们的叙述强调了身份的动态性质,即在各种教育和文化刺激下不断协商和重新定义的身份。本研究的重要性不仅在于它对三位 EFL 教师的个人和职业历程的洞察,还在于它对 EFL 教育领域的广泛影响。它强调,教育工作者和教育机构必须承认并重视 EFL 教师和学习者的不同背景和经历,因为这些背景和经历对教学实践和信念的形成起着至关重要的作用。从本质上讲,这项研究为越来越多的关于写作、身份认同和外国教育关系的文献做出了贡献,为跨文化教育经历的挑战和回报提供了细致入微的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Saudi EFL Students’ Perceptions of Pedagogical Translanguaging in English Medium Instruction 沙特 EFL 学生对英语教学中跨语言教学的看法
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1460
Bakheet Almatrafi
The English language has been increasingly used as a medium of instruction (EMI) at the tertiary level in Saudi Arabia. Recent research has garnered Saudi students’ perceptions regarding EMI, revealing that some participants preferred a mixture of English and Arabic. Although these studies have provided valuable results, they did not expose participants to translanguaging before investigating their perceptions. Hence, this paper reports on the findings of a quantitative study that surveyed 18 Saudi college students about their perceptions of a four-week pedagogical translanguaging intervention delivered to improve their academic writing skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating pedagogical translanguaging into an EMI setting. A Likert-scale questionnaire consisting of 12 items was used to collect data after which it was analyzed via SPSS. Findings revealed most participants found translanguaging useful as it made lessons and activities less challenging and more comprehensible. We suggest that teachers and policymakers adopt a flexible language use policy in tertiary education, normalizing translanguaging as a medium of instruction in EMI contexts. Implications for incorporating translanguaging as a medium of instruction and recommendations for future research directions are discussed.
在沙特阿拉伯,英语越来越多地被用作高等教育的教学语言(EMI)。最近的研究收集了沙特学生对英语教学媒介的看法,发现一些参与者更喜欢英语和阿拉伯语混合使用。虽然这些研究提供了有价值的结果,但它们在调查参与者的看法之前,并没有让他们接触翻译语言。因此,本文报告了一项定量研究的结果,该研究调查了 18 名沙特大学生对为期四周、旨在提高他们学术写作能力的翻译语言教学干预的看法。本研究的目的是调查将翻译语言教学法纳入 EMI 环境的有效性。研究使用了由 12 个项目组成的李克特量表问卷来收集数据,然后通过 SPSS 对数据进行分析。调查结果显示,大多数参与者认为翻译语言很有用,因为它降低了课程和活动的难度,使其更容易理解。我们建议教师和政策制定者在高等教育中采取灵活的语言使用政策,将翻译语言作为 EMI 环境中的一种教学媒介正常化。我们还讨论了将翻译语言作为教学媒介的意义,以及对未来研究方向的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Rise of English in Morocco and the Question of Identity 英语在摩洛哥的兴起与身份认同问题
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1369
Ali Bekou, Mohamed Ben Mhamed
English, as the lingua franca of the world, is gaining considerable popularity in Morocco in response to the calls of globalization, social mobility, and neoliberalism. Given this new status of English in the multilingual scope in Morocco, it is highly interesting to study how learning English in EFL settings influences learners’ identities, namely in tertiary education. This paper introduces an exploratory study that aims to highlight the impact of learning English as a foreign language on students’ self-identities in Morocco. Therefore, the objective of this study is to track any possible impact of the target culture on beliefs, and values learners of English and how exposure to the English language affects their perception of Moroccan culture as English majors. The study also aims at weighing the extent to which students are allowed /pushed to behave outside the norms of their cultural values by adopting an identity change model. This study utilized thematic analysis to qualitatively analyze data from focus group interviews aimed at understanding the impact of learning English as a foreign language on Moroccan students' self-identities. Four key themes emerged from the analysis: 1) self-confidence enhancement, 2) self-identity transformation, 3) identity negotiation in intercultural contexts, and 4) degrees of identity change. The participants' positive attitudes toward learning English and its influence on their self-identities were evident. The findings underscored how English proficiency affects self-confidence, cultural beliefs, and attitudes, revealing a complex interplay between language acquisition and identity shifts. The study contributes to understanding the evolving role of English in Moroccan society and its implications for individual identities amidst globalization.
在全球化、社会流动和新自由主义的呼声下,英语作为世界通用语言,在摩洛哥越来越受欢迎。鉴于英语在摩洛哥多语言环境中的新地位,研究在 EFL 环境中学习英语如何影响学习者的身份认同(即高等教育中的身份认同)是非常有意义的。本文介绍了一项探索性研究,旨在突出英语作为外语的学习对摩洛哥学生自我身份认同的影响。因此,本研究的目的是追踪目标文化对英语学习者的信仰和价值观可能产生的影响,以及英语语言的接触如何影响他们作为英语专业学生对摩洛哥文化的认知。本研究还旨在通过采用身份变化模型,权衡学生在多大程度上被允许/推动做出超出其文化价值观规范的行为。本研究采用主题分析法对焦点小组访谈的数据进行定性分析,旨在了解学习英语作为一门外语对摩洛哥学生自我身份认同的影响。分析中出现了四个关键主题:1)自信心的增强;2)自我身份的转变;3)跨文化背景下的身份协商;4)身份变化的程度。参与者对英语学习的积极态度及其对自我身份的影响显而易见。研究结果强调了英语水平如何影响自信心、文化信仰和态度,揭示了语言学习和身份转变之间复杂的相互作用。这项研究有助于了解英语在摩洛哥社会中不断演变的作用及其在全球化背景下对个人身份的影响。
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引用次数: 0
From Post-structuralism and Marxism to Postcolonial Cultural Subversion and Political Resistance against the Once-colonized 从后结构主义和马克思主义到后殖民文化颠覆和对曾经被殖民者的政治反抗
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1471
Saima Sultana
abstract Contemporary political movements such as Marxism and post-Marxism, as well as intellectual and academic movements such as post-structuralism, postmodernism, and psychoanalysis have had a great influence on postcolonial literary criticism. There has been so much debate around the question whether issues of colonial/neocolonial domination and decolonial resistance should be regarded as political or cultural issues or as a combination of both political and cultural sectors (including ethical and psychological points of view) that the terms “political”, “cultural” themselves have appeared to be relative terms–assuming different meanings at different times. This paper will show how such poststructural conflations of the “political” and “cultural” regarding the issues of both domination and resistance can appear as problematic for postcolonial context where the division between the two terms appears so obvious at times that the boundary between them is inescapably erected once again producing ultimately an ambivalence. However, whatever the approach is to colonial/neocolonial dominations, and whatever the mode of resistance is proposed to challenge them, whether it is political or cultural or psychological, radical or liberal, or conflation of them, every discussion ultimately produce a liberal self-criticism at the cost of the once-colonized peoples, states and their cultures.
摘要 马克思主义和后马克思主义等当代政治运动以及后结构主义、后现代主义和精神分析等思想和学术运动对后殖民主义文学批评产生了巨大影响。围绕殖民/新殖民统治和非殖民化抵抗问题究竟应被视为政治问题还是文化问题,抑或是政治和文化领域(包括伦理和心理观点)的综合问题,一直存在着大量的争论,以至于 "政治"、"文化 "这些术语本身似乎都是相对的--在不同时期具有不同的含义。本文将说明,在后殖民语境中,"政治 "和 "文化 "这两个术语之间的分界有时显得如此明显,以至于它们之间的界限不可避免地再次竖立起来,最终产生矛盾。然而,无论以何种方式对待殖民统治/新殖民统治,无论以何种反抗方式来挑战殖民统治/新殖民统治,无论是政治的、文化的、心理的、激进的、自由的,还是将它们混为一谈的,每一次讨论最终都会以曾经被殖民的民族、国家及其文化为代价,产生一种自由主义的自我批判。
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引用次数: 0
Disorienting the Native Struggle for Independence: A Postcolonial Reading of Leila Slimani's Historical Novel, The Country of Others 迷失本土独立斗争的方向:对 Leila Slimani 的历史小说《他者之国》的后殖民主义解读
Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.36892/ijlls.v5i4.1469
Hamza Bekkaoui
Novels can both reinforce colonialism and undermine liberation movements, especially when they echo colonial narratives. This dynamic is critically examined in Leila Slimani's historical novel, "The Country of Others," through a postcolonial close reading approach. The novel's depiction of France's colonialism in Morocco is presented in a misleading light. It offers a stark contrast in character portrayal: European characters are depicted as agents of a “civilizing mission,” with aspirations to bring prosperity, good health, and education to Moroccans. This portrayal not only feeds into a narrative of cultural superiority, depicting Europeans as emotionally complex and culturally advanced, but also subtly suggests benevolence in their colonial endeavors. Conversely, indigenous Moroccan characters are shown in a more one-dimensional and negative manner, often associated with violence, particularly against women. Furthermore, the novel intertwines Morocco's struggle for national independence with contemporary discourses on Islamic extremism, casting this historical fight less as a pursuit of freedom and more as an aggressive and antagonistic movement.
小说既可以强化殖民主义,也可以破坏解放运动,尤其是当它们呼应殖民主义叙事时。莱拉-斯利马尼(Leila Slimani)的历史小说《他者之国》通过后殖民主义细读方法对这一动态进行了批判性研究。小说对法国在摩洛哥殖民主义的描述具有误导性。小说对人物的刻画形成了鲜明的对比:欧洲人物被描绘成 "文明使命 "的执行者,渴望为摩洛哥人带来繁荣、健康和教育。这种描写不仅为文化优越性叙事提供了素材,将欧洲人描绘成情感复杂、文化先进的人,还巧妙地暗示了他们殖民努力中的仁慈。相反,摩洛哥本土人物的形象则较为单一和负面,往往与暴力,尤其是针对妇女的暴力联系在一起。此外,小说将摩洛哥争取民族独立的斗争与当代关于伊斯兰极端主义的论述交织在一起,使这场历史性的斗争不再是追求自由,而是一场侵略性的对抗运动。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Language and Literary Studies
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