U radu se analizira dio načela zakonitosti koji se odnosi na zahtjev nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege certa u kaznenom pravu. S obzirom na prijepore koje ovaj pojam nosi sa sobom i različite pravne sustave i njihove specifičnosti, objašnjena je iznimnost pojma i sadržaja lex certe u različitim pravnim poredcima. U pravu SAD-a naglasak je stavljen na 5. amandman koji proklamira due process klauzulu kojom se mora voditi kazneni zakonodavac. U pravu UK-a naglasak je na pojmu certainty. Navedena maksima polazi od individualne slobode adresata kako će prilagoditi svoje ponašanje i pravne određenosti, te se u političkom pravu pravna određenost analizira kroz rule of law. U pravu EU-a, gdje je kaznena nadležnost ograničena, načelo određenosti razmatra se kao double addressed norm kojim se obvezuje EU, ali i nacionalnog zakonodavca. U pravu VE-a je kroz praksu ESLJP-a detaljno razrađen pojam bića kaznenog djela, jasnoće i predvidljivosti te načina davanja pravnog savjeta.
{"title":"Lex certa u poredbenom pravu","authors":"Ivana Vukušić","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.73.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.73.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"U radu se analizira dio načela zakonitosti koji se odnosi na zahtjev nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege certa u kaznenom pravu. S obzirom na prijepore koje ovaj pojam nosi sa sobom i različite pravne sustave i njihove specifičnosti, objašnjena je iznimnost pojma i sadržaja lex certe u različitim pravnim poredcima. U pravu SAD-a naglasak je stavljen na 5. amandman koji proklamira due process klauzulu kojom se mora voditi kazneni zakonodavac. U pravu UK-a naglasak je na pojmu certainty. Navedena maksima polazi od individualne slobode adresata kako će prilagoditi svoje ponašanje i pravne određenosti, te se u političkom pravu pravna određenost analizira kroz rule of law. U pravu EU-a, gdje je kaznena nadležnost ograničena, načelo određenosti razmatra se kao double addressed norm kojim se obvezuje EU, ali i nacionalnog zakonodavca. U pravu VE-a je kroz praksu ESLJP-a detaljno razrađen pojam bića kaznenog djela, jasnoće i predvidljivosti te načina davanja pravnog savjeta.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46442658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U 2020. godini obilježili smo petnaestu godišnjicu od donošenja Zakona o obveznim odnosima (ZOO) – stožernog propisa hrvatskog privatnog prava u čijem su nastanku značajnu ulogu imali prijašnje jugoslavensko obvezno pravo, međunarodni instrumenti, poredbeno-pravni utjecaji iz romansko-germanskog pravnog kruga i pravna stečevina Europske unije (EU). Ova važna obljetnica u hrvatskoj pravničkoj zajednici najavljena je međunarodnom znanstvenom konferencijom Zagreb International Conference on the Law of Obligations u prosincu 2019. g. , a jedan od njezinih vrijednih doprinosa poredbenopravnom izučavanju hrvatskog obveznog prava je nedavno objavljena monografija Hrvatsko obvezno pravo u poredbenopravnom kontekstu: Petnaest godina Zakona o obveznim odnosima. Knjiga je objavljena u listopadu 2022. u izdanju Ekonomskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, a uredili su je doc. dr. sc. Ivan Tot i prof. dr. sc. Zvonimir Slakoper s Katedre za pravo Ekonomskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Riječ je o prvoj u nizu knjiga iz nakladničkog niza “Hrvatsko obvezno pravo u poredbenopravnom kontekstu“ koji je pokrenut s ciljem sustavne i kontinuirane obradbe tema iz hrvatskog i poredbenog obveznog prava. Na gotovo 800 stranica teksta podijeljenog u pet dijelova i 18 poglavlja – popraćenog predgovorom, detaljnim sadržajem, tablicama kratica, pokrata, skraćenica citirane literature te kazalima odredaba ZOO-a, ostalih izvora i pojmova – autori su obradili niz obveznopravnih tema.
2020godini obileježili smo petnaestu godišnjicu od donošenja Zakona o obveznim odnosima（ZOO）–stožernog propisa hrvatskog privatnog prava učijem su nastanku značajnu ulogu imali prijašnje jugoslavensko obvezno pravo，meřunarodni instrumentali，poredbno pravni utjecaji iz romansko germanskog pravnog kruga i pravna stečevina Euroske unije（欧盟）。2019年12月，萨格勒布国际义务法会议国际科学会议宣布了克罗地亚法律界的这一重要州。先生及其对克罗地亚约束法法律研究的宝贵贡献之一最近出版了克罗地亚法律领域的专著《十五年的约束关系法》。该书于2022年10月出版。在萨格勒布大学经济学院，博士被任命。来自萨格勒布大学Katedre法律系的Ivan Tot博士和Zvonimir Slakoper博士。这是政府系列丛书“克罗地亚在法律背景下的强制性权利”中的第一本“我启动该项目的目的是从克罗地亚人和法律权利的角度对该主题进行系统和持续的处理。在近800页的文本中，分为五节18章——协商、详细内容、短表、动议、引用文献快捷方式和ZOO条例、其他来源和概念——作者处理了一系列强制性主题。
{"title":"Prikaz knjige: Tot, I.; Slakoper, Z. (ur.), Hrvatsko obvezno pravo u poredbenopravnom kontekstu: Petnaest godina Zakona o obveznim odnosima, Ekonomski fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Zagreb, 2022.","authors":"Kristijan Poljanec","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.07","url":null,"abstract":"U 2020. godini obilježili smo petnaestu godišnjicu od donošenja Zakona o obveznim odnosima (ZOO) – stožernog propisa hrvatskog privatnog prava u čijem su nastanku značajnu ulogu imali prijašnje jugoslavensko obvezno pravo, međunarodni instrumenti, poredbeno-pravni utjecaji iz romansko-germanskog pravnog kruga i pravna stečevina Europske unije (EU). Ova važna obljetnica u hrvatskoj pravničkoj zajednici najavljena je međunarodnom znanstvenom konferencijom Zagreb International Conference on the Law of Obligations u prosincu 2019. g. , a jedan od njezinih vrijednih doprinosa poredbenopravnom izučavanju hrvatskog obveznog prava je nedavno objavljena monografija Hrvatsko obvezno pravo u poredbenopravnom kontekstu: Petnaest godina Zakona o obveznim odnosima. Knjiga je objavljena u listopadu 2022. u izdanju Ekonomskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, a uredili su je doc. dr. sc. Ivan Tot i prof. dr. sc. Zvonimir Slakoper s Katedre za pravo Ekonomskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Riječ je o prvoj u nizu knjiga iz nakladničkog niza “Hrvatsko obvezno pravo u poredbenopravnom kontekstu“ koji je pokrenut s ciljem sustavne i kontinuirane obradbe tema iz hrvatskog i poredbenog obveznog prava. Na gotovo 800 stranica teksta podijeljenog u pet dijelova i 18 poglavlja – popraćenog predgovorom, detaljnim sadržajem, tablicama kratica, pokrata, skraćenica citirane literature te kazalima odredaba ZOO-a, ostalih izvora i pojmova – autori su obradili niz obveznopravnih tema.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48628267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mađarska izdavačka kuća Central European Academic Publishing iz Miskolca objavila je 2022. godine monografiju pod nazivom "Lectures on East Central European Legal History". Urednik monografije je Pál Sáry, predstojnik Katedre za rimsko pravo te ravnatelj Instituta za pravnu povijest i pravnu teoriju Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Miškolcu u Mađarskoj. Monografija je namijenjena ponajprije doktorandima pravnih studija koji bi uz pomoć predmetnog djela, u vidu udžbenika, stvorili širu perspektivu i bolje razumijevanje pravnog sustava. Također, monografija može poslužiti i studentima dodiplomskog studija kao i široj pravničkoj profesiji jer je poznavanje povijesnog razvoja pojedinih pravnih sustava i instituta vjerodostojan temelj njihova razumijevanja u suvremenosti.
{"title":"Prikaz knjige: Sáry, P. (ur.), Lectures on East Central European Legal History, Central European Academic Publishing, Miskolc, 2022.","authors":"Ivan Marušić","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.08","url":null,"abstract":"Mađarska izdavačka kuća Central European Academic Publishing iz Miskolca objavila je 2022. godine monografiju pod nazivom \"Lectures on East Central European Legal History\". Urednik monografije je Pál Sáry, predstojnik Katedre za rimsko pravo te ravnatelj Instituta za pravnu povijest i pravnu teoriju Pravnog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Miškolcu u Mađarskoj. Monografija je namijenjena ponajprije doktorandima pravnih studija koji bi uz pomoć predmetnog djela, u vidu udžbenika, stvorili širu perspektivu i bolje razumijevanje pravnog sustava. Također, monografija može poslužiti i studentima dodiplomskog studija kao i široj pravničkoj profesiji jer je poznavanje povijesnog razvoja pojedinih pravnih sustava i instituta vjerodostojan temelj njihova razumijevanja u suvremenosti.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44516465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the author analyses the question of the application of the curule aediles rules on immovables, in line with the Ulpian’s quote of Labeo from D. 21,1,1pr. The first part of the paper contains an analysis of Labeo’s claim quoted by Ulpian, followed by a scrutiny of its importance in the incorporation of aediles’ actions into the actio empti, and a study of the sources that bring into relation aediles and the sale of immovable. The next part consists of a discussion on the immovables described as pestilens (pestilential, infected, unhealthy) and of an analysis of the sources that indicate the application of the actio redhibitoria on such sale. In the conclusion, the author presents arguments in support of the interpretation that the debate on the application of the rules of the edicts of the curule aediles to the sale of immovables existed in classical law and thus the mixing of actio redhibitoria and actio empti had occurred as early as during the time of Diocletian.
{"title":"Primjena pravila edikta kurulskih edila na nekretnine (rerum esse tam earum quae soli sint quam earum quae mobiles aut se moventes)","authors":"Marko Sukačić","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.04","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the author analyses the question of the application of the curule aediles rules on immovables, in line with the Ulpian’s quote of Labeo from D. 21,1,1pr. The first part of the paper contains an analysis of Labeo’s claim quoted by Ulpian, followed by a scrutiny of its importance in the incorporation of aediles’ actions into the actio empti, and a study of the sources that bring into relation aediles and the sale of immovable. The next part consists of a discussion on the immovables described as pestilens (pestilential, infected, unhealthy) and of an analysis of the sources that indicate the application of the actio redhibitoria on such sale. In the conclusion, the author presents arguments in support of the interpretation that the debate on the application of the rules of the edicts of the curule aediles to the sale of immovables existed in classical law and thus the mixing of actio redhibitoria and actio empti had occurred as early as during the time of Diocletian.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46293653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Privatno pravo Europske unije – posebni dio na 1054 stranice teksta sustavno i sveobuhvatno obrađuje pravne izvore, razvoj, temeljna načela i pojedine pravne institute privatnog prava EU-a te usklađenost hrvatskog privatnopravnog sustava s pravom EU-a. Riječ je o zbirnoj znanstvenoj knjizi u stvaranju koje je uz prof. dr. sc. Tatjanu Josipović sudjelovalo 20 autora i autorica visoko specijaliziranih upravo u područjima njihova doprinosa knjizi.
{"title":"Prikaz knjige: Josipović, T. (ur.), Privatno pravo Europske Unije – posebni dio, Narodne novine, Zagreb, 2022.","authors":"Iva Tot","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.06","url":null,"abstract":"Privatno pravo Europske unije – posebni dio na 1054 stranice teksta sustavno i sveobuhvatno obrađuje pravne izvore, razvoj, temeljna načela i pojedine pravne institute privatnog prava EU-a te usklađenost hrvatskog privatnopravnog sustava s pravom EU-a. Riječ je o zbirnoj znanstvenoj knjizi u stvaranju koje je uz prof. dr. sc. Tatjanu Josipović sudjelovalo 20 autora i autorica visoko specijaliziranih upravo u područjima njihova doprinosa knjizi.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43690048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Platform work represents a new and rapidly growing form of work, the emergence of which raises important issues concerning the protection of platform workers from excessive, unsafe, and often poorly paid work. The question of unclear employment status of persons performing work via digital platforms is considered one of the key challenges related to this type of work. The author critically analyses the provisions of the new European Commission’s proposal for a Directive on improving working conditions in platform work and evaluates their suitability for dealing with the main labour law challenges arising from the emergence of platform work. After introductory considerations, the second chapter clarifies the objectives, scope and content of the proposed Directive. The third chapter is dedicated to the employment status of platform workers in accordance with the proposal, while the fourth chapter deals with the issue of algorithmic management. The fifth chapter contains concluding remarks.
{"title":"Kritička promišljanja o prijedlogu Direktive o poboljšanju radnih uvjeta platformskih radnika","authors":"Iva Bjelinski Radić","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.05","url":null,"abstract":"Platform work represents a new and rapidly growing form of work, the emergence of which raises important issues concerning the protection of platform workers from excessive, unsafe, and often poorly paid work. The question of unclear employment status of persons performing work via digital platforms is considered one of the key challenges related to this type of work. The author critically analyses the provisions of the new European Commission’s proposal for a Directive on improving working conditions in platform work and evaluates their suitability for dealing with the main labour law challenges arising from the emergence of platform work. After introductory considerations, the second chapter clarifies the objectives, scope and content of the proposed Directive. The third chapter is dedicated to the employment status of platform workers in accordance with the proposal, while the fourth chapter deals with the issue of algorithmic management. The fifth chapter contains concluding remarks.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43891447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The text emphasizes the need to study the historical Roman constitution, as an integral part of the comprehensive analysis of the sources of the ideological apparatus of the contemporary constitutional democratic state. The authors remind us of the methodological instruction from T. Mommsen’s Staatsrecht that the said studies are not only a unique direction towards understanding SPQR constitutionalism and its legate, but also constitute an approach that enables conclusions regarding results that are not temporally and substantively limited, nor are they – “so much as narrowly legalistic as it is often thought”. Thanks to the choice of an open and broad approach of modern constitutional legal analysis, which is guided by the thought: the constitution is culture (P. Haberle), the continuity and vitality of new knowledge about the old topics of government and freedom, property and owner, wealth and poverty, class and classless society is strengthened as unchanging constants of the constitutional system of the contemporary state and society.
{"title":"O relevanciji ustavnog naslijeđa SPQR-a i njegovom značaju za suvremeni konstitucionalizam","authors":"Arsen Bačić, Petar Bačić","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.01","url":null,"abstract":"The text emphasizes the need to study the historical Roman constitution, as an integral part of the comprehensive analysis of the sources of the ideological apparatus of the contemporary constitutional democratic state. The authors remind us of the methodological instruction from T. Mommsen’s Staatsrecht that the said studies are not only a unique direction towards understanding SPQR constitutionalism and its legate, but also constitute an approach that enables conclusions regarding results that are not temporally and substantively limited, nor are they – “so much as narrowly legalistic as it is often thought”. Thanks to the choice of an open and broad approach of modern constitutional legal analysis, which is guided by the thought: the constitution is culture (P. Haberle), the continuity and vitality of new knowledge about the old topics of government and freedom, property and owner, wealth and poverty, class and classless society is strengthened as unchanging constants of the constitutional system of the contemporary state and society.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44573947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper discusses the explicitly stated understanding of legal science as it appears in compulsory course textbooks on positive law subjects at the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb. The first part of the paper describes the research problem and posits the corresponding hypotheses, states the research aims, describes the method of qualitative content analysis, and elaborates on the content units used (themes, categories and subcategories). The second part establishes the textbooks which contain an explicit determination of a branch of legal science that they belong to, or legal science in general, and the extent to which they contain it. Furthermore, it establishes how the subject matter, objectives and methods of legal science are defined in the textbooks and whether the textbooks include interdisciplinarity as a part of legal research. The third part determines the predominant understanding of the subject matter, objectives and methods of legal science and the predominant understanding of interdisciplinarity of legal research in the analyzed course textbooks. The conclusion contains a discussion of research results, determines the extent to which the hypotheses are confirmed and highlights the possible avenues of further empirical and theoretical research on (Croatian) legal science. The research results demonstrate that the analyzed textbooks mostly contain at least an elementary determination of legal science, but differ greatly with respect to the placement, extent, and way of its elaboration. Furthermore, according to the predominant understanding, the subject matter of legal science are general legal norms. Its objectives are to describe the law, systematize it and to recommend more appropriate legislative solutions and ways of interpreting and applying it, while its methods are the dogmatic method, the comparative method, and the sociological method. Objectives and methods are mostly just mentioned, without being described and explained. Finally, less than a half of the textbooks mention that legal research includes some level of interdisciplinarity, while the predominant understanding is that interdisciplinarity consists primarily in using insights from other scientific disciplines.
{"title":"Shvaćanje pravne znanosti u suvremenoj udžbeničkoj literaturi iz pozitivnopravnih predmeta na Pravnom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu","authors":"Luka Burazin, Svan Relac","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.02","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the explicitly stated understanding of legal science as it appears in compulsory course textbooks on positive law subjects at the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb. The first part of the paper describes the research problem and posits the corresponding hypotheses, states the research aims, describes the method of qualitative content analysis, and elaborates on the content units used (themes, categories and subcategories). The second part establishes the textbooks which contain an explicit determination of a branch of legal science that they belong to, or legal science in general, and the extent to which they contain it. Furthermore, it establishes how the subject matter, objectives and methods of legal science are defined in the textbooks and whether the textbooks include interdisciplinarity as a part of legal research. The third part determines the predominant understanding of the subject matter, objectives and methods of legal science and the predominant understanding of interdisciplinarity of legal research in the analyzed course textbooks. The conclusion contains a discussion of research results, determines the extent to which the hypotheses are confirmed and highlights the possible avenues of further empirical and theoretical research on (Croatian) legal science. The research results demonstrate that the analyzed textbooks mostly contain at least an elementary determination of legal science, but differ greatly with respect to the placement, extent, and way of its elaboration. Furthermore, according to the predominant understanding, the subject matter of legal science are general legal norms. Its objectives are to describe the law, systematize it and to recommend more appropriate legislative solutions and ways of interpreting and applying it, while its methods are the dogmatic method, the comparative method, and the sociological method. Objectives and methods are mostly just mentioned, without being described and explained. Finally, less than a half of the textbooks mention that legal research includes some level of interdisciplinarity, while the predominant understanding is that interdisciplinarity consists primarily in using insights from other scientific disciplines.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42608431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject of this paper is non-contractual liability of physicians in Roman law. Contrary to the common perception of Roman society, where “only a physician can commit homicide with complete impunity” (Plinius, Nat. Hist. 29,8), parallel to the development of medicine, rudimentary stages of a physician's liability for damage through negligence also evolved. Through the interpretation of available legal sources, focusing particularly on situations concerning slaves and free persons as patients, the forms of legal protection of patients are primarily determined. Special attention in the central part of the paper is devoted to the problem of causality and the development of fault-based liability. The last part of the paper examines the forms of compensation for damage, based on which conclusions are finally drawn about the extent of the development of medical liability ex delicto.
{"title":"Deliktna odgovornost liječnika u rimskom pravu","authors":"Nikol Žiha","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.6.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.6.03","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this paper is non-contractual liability of physicians in Roman law. Contrary to the common perception of Roman society, where “only a physician can commit homicide with complete impunity” (Plinius, Nat. Hist. 29,8), parallel to the development of medicine, rudimentary stages of a physician's liability for damage through negligence also evolved. Through the interpretation of available legal sources, focusing particularly on situations concerning slaves and free persons as patients, the forms of legal protection of patients are primarily determined. Special attention in the central part of the paper is devoted to the problem of causality and the development of fault-based liability. The last part of the paper examines the forms of compensation for damage, based on which conclusions are finally drawn about the extent of the development of medical liability ex delicto.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42861459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
European Union’s energy law stipulates numerous obligations with the intention of achieving a desired level of independence of national regulatory authorities. This article offers an insight into the said obligations as well as into their development and their evaluation. The latter is carried out via two sound benchmarks, i.e. via Gilardi’s test and via the new comprehensive independence test. The new test learns from its antecedents, particularly from the methodological point of view. However, it advocates stricter requirements and, consequently, higher independence standards as developed in the most recent regulatory practice and theory. The evaluation of the past and present supranational legal framework in the field of energy reveals a decent progress on the subject of the formal independence of national regulatory authorities but unfortunately also a significant untapped potential which must be considered when drafting the new supranational rules. Moreover, it can be considered when transposing the new Electricity Directive in the national legal system since in the discussed field the directive in question ‘merely’ aims to achieve a minimal harmonization. And last but not least, lessons learned from the discussed case are transferable to other economic sectors, in particular to (other) utilities sectors.
{"title":"Evaluating the Formal Independence of National Regulatory Authorities in the European Union’s Energy Sector and Beyond","authors":"Aleš Ferčič","doi":"10.3935/zpfz.72.5.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3935/zpfz.72.5.02","url":null,"abstract":"European Union’s energy law stipulates numerous obligations with the intention of achieving a desired level of independence of national regulatory authorities. This article offers an insight into the said obligations as well as into their development and their evaluation. The latter is carried out via two sound benchmarks, i.e. via Gilardi’s test and via the new comprehensive independence test. The new test learns from its antecedents, particularly from the methodological point of view. However, it advocates stricter requirements and, consequently, higher independence standards as developed in the most recent regulatory practice and theory. The evaluation of the past and present supranational legal framework in the field of energy reveals a decent progress on the subject of the formal independence of national regulatory authorities but unfortunately also a significant untapped potential which must be considered when drafting the new supranational rules. Moreover, it can be considered when transposing the new Electricity Directive in the national legal system since in the discussed field the directive in question ‘merely’ aims to achieve a minimal harmonization. And last but not least, lessons learned from the discussed case are transferable to other economic sectors, in particular to (other) utilities sectors.","PeriodicalId":34908,"journal":{"name":"Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta u Zagrebu","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46695548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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