Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2024.24.31
Tatiana Vladimirovna Kirichenko, I. Sobenin, V. Myasoedova, Andrey Vladimirovich Omelchenko, Sergey Gennadyevich Kozlov, A. N. Orekhov
: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) caused by atherosclerosis are the most frequent cause of mortality worldwide, so the identification of new biomarkers of atherosclerosis development is quite actual. The atherogenicity of blood serum is considered as the potential of human serum to cause cholesterol accumulation in primary culture macrophages. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of the atherogenicity of blood serum with conventional cardiovascular risk factors to assess its potential in CVD prognosis. Serum atherogenicity was measured in 815 study CVD-free participants at baseline and at the follow-up visit after 5 years. 51% of study participants had atherogenic serum at baseline, but at the follow-up visit after 5 years atherogenicity increased significantly in 60% of participants. An increase of atherogenicity was observed in the group with non-atherogenic serum at baseline, p<0.001. The correlation of serum atherogenicity with plasma lipids level, i.e., total cholesterol and LDL, was demonstrated. There was a negative correlation between changes in the potential of blood serum to induce cholesterol accumulation in primary culture macrophages and the age of study participants (r = -0.089, p = 0.011). In groups with decreased and unchanged atherogenicity, the increase of statin administration, as well as amelioration of lipids profile, were revealed after a 5-year follow-up. Thus, the atherogenicity of blood serum may be considered a promising marker in the prognosis of CVD development, but further research is needed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum atherogenicity.
{"title":"The Association of Blood Serum Atherogenicity with Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"Tatiana Vladimirovna Kirichenko, I. Sobenin, V. Myasoedova, Andrey Vladimirovich Omelchenko, Sergey Gennadyevich Kozlov, A. N. Orekhov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2024.24.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2024.24.31","url":null,"abstract":": Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) caused by atherosclerosis are the most frequent cause of mortality worldwide, so the identification of new biomarkers of atherosclerosis development is quite actual. The atherogenicity of blood serum is considered as the potential of human serum to cause cholesterol accumulation in primary culture macrophages. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of the atherogenicity of blood serum with conventional cardiovascular risk factors to assess its potential in CVD prognosis. Serum atherogenicity was measured in 815 study CVD-free participants at baseline and at the follow-up visit after 5 years. 51% of study participants had atherogenic serum at baseline, but at the follow-up visit after 5 years atherogenicity increased significantly in 60% of participants. An increase of atherogenicity was observed in the group with non-atherogenic serum at baseline, p<0.001. The correlation of serum atherogenicity with plasma lipids level, i.e., total cholesterol and LDL, was demonstrated. There was a negative correlation between changes in the potential of blood serum to induce cholesterol accumulation in primary culture macrophages and the age of study participants (r = -0.089, p = 0.011). In groups with decreased and unchanged atherogenicity, the increase of statin administration, as well as amelioration of lipids profile, were revealed after a 5-year follow-up. Thus, the atherogenicity of blood serum may be considered a promising marker in the prognosis of CVD development, but further research is needed to evaluate the prognostic value of serum atherogenicity.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139128147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The motivation for the study was the need to obtain data on the effect of humic acids isolated from brown coal on soil fertility and plant development. In our study, we conducted experiments with plants to isolate humic substances from brown coal and study its physicochemical properties and the effect of the resulting fraction on the growth of Phoenix dactylifera date palm plants in laboratory conditions. The isolated humic acids had a density of 1.0416 g/cm3 and the dynamic viscosity was 1.84*10-3 Pa*s. The mass fraction of humic substances was 56%. As a result, when watering date palm plants with a 1% solution of humic substances, plant height increased by 41.5 in 1 month, leaf width by 80, and leaf length by 15%, compared with the control variant. The results of physicochemical experiments prove that humic substances from brown coal promote the level of plant nutrition.
{"title":"Physico-Сhemical Parameters of Humic Substances of Brown Coal and their Effect on the Growth of Phoenix dactylifera","authors":"Damilya Konysbaeva, Bolat Yermagambet, Zhanar Kassenova, Viktoriya Gorbulya, Maira Kazankapova, Altyngul Khaimuldinova","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.504.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.504.510","url":null,"abstract":"The motivation for the study was the need to obtain data on the effect of humic acids isolated from brown coal on soil fertility and plant development. In our study, we conducted experiments with plants to isolate humic substances from brown coal and study its physicochemical properties and the effect of the resulting fraction on the growth of Phoenix dactylifera date palm plants in laboratory conditions. The isolated humic acids had a density of 1.0416 g/cm3 and the dynamic viscosity was 1.84*10-3 Pa*s. The mass fraction of humic substances was 56%. As a result, when watering date palm plants with a 1% solution of humic substances, plant height increased by 41.5 in 1 month, leaf width by 80, and leaf length by 15%, compared with the control variant. The results of physicochemical experiments prove that humic substances from brown coal promote the level of plant nutrition.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.528.536
Anastasia Vladimirovna Poznyak, Vasily Nikolaevich Sukhorukov, Anton Yuvenalievich Postnov, Andrey Vyacheslavovich Grechko, Mikhail Аlexandrovich Popov, Alexander Nikolaevich Orekhov
Mitochondria are cell organelles whose main role is to generate the energy needed for cell biochemical reactions via oxidative phosphorylation. Cardiolipin is a phospholipid that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane and other energy-transducing membranes. Mitochondrial structure largely depends on cardiolipin, as it is involved in the biogenesis of mitochondrial cristae, folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane designed to increase the surface area, as well as in protein-lipid interactions, oxidative phosphorylation, and other essential processes. Cardiolipin is also substantial for mitochondrial supercomplexes' inner mitochondrial membrane and outer mitochondrial membrane architecture. Changes in cardiolipin profile are able to greatly affect mitochondrial function, leading to its impairment and eventually the development of multiple disorders, such as sterile inflammation, atherosclerosis, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. The role of cardiolipin in the proper functioning of mitochondria ought to be investigated in order to find ways to avert the development of many serious disorders. The aim of this review was to examine available data on the causal connection between cardiolipin alterations and the progression of various pathological conditions, as well as possible ways of preventing these adverse conditions. According to existing literature, alterations in cardiolipin are the potential cause of mitochondrial dysfunction, which stimulates the development of various related disorders. Several therapeutic agents (e.g., elamipretide) have shown promising results in preventing adverse effects of cardiolipin alterations.
{"title":"Cardiolipin in Pathology: Implications in Atherosclerosis","authors":"Anastasia Vladimirovna Poznyak, Vasily Nikolaevich Sukhorukov, Anton Yuvenalievich Postnov, Andrey Vyacheslavovich Grechko, Mikhail Аlexandrovich Popov, Alexander Nikolaevich Orekhov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.528.536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.528.536","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondria are cell organelles whose main role is to generate the energy needed for cell biochemical reactions via oxidative phosphorylation. Cardiolipin is a phospholipid that is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane and other energy-transducing membranes. Mitochondrial structure largely depends on cardiolipin, as it is involved in the biogenesis of mitochondrial cristae, folds in the inner mitochondrial membrane designed to increase the surface area, as well as in protein-lipid interactions, oxidative phosphorylation, and other essential processes. Cardiolipin is also substantial for mitochondrial supercomplexes' inner mitochondrial membrane and outer mitochondrial membrane architecture. Changes in cardiolipin profile are able to greatly affect mitochondrial function, leading to its impairment and eventually the development of multiple disorders, such as sterile inflammation, atherosclerosis, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. The role of cardiolipin in the proper functioning of mitochondria ought to be investigated in order to find ways to avert the development of many serious disorders. The aim of this review was to examine available data on the causal connection between cardiolipin alterations and the progression of various pathological conditions, as well as possible ways of preventing these adverse conditions. According to existing literature, alterations in cardiolipin are the potential cause of mitochondrial dysfunction, which stimulates the development of various related disorders. Several therapeutic agents (e.g., elamipretide) have shown promising results in preventing adverse effects of cardiolipin alterations.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the article, the floral composition of the vicinity of the Ile River on the southern macrosurface of Zhetysu Alatau is determined and a brief description of the endemic species is given. Through the examination and evaluation of expedition data, along with comprehensive research and literature analysis, the study successfully identified species that have experienced a reduction in their distribution range within the study area. Furthermore, the study was able to establish a comprehensive overview of the ecological characteristics and life forms exhibited by the flora in the examined region. An analysis of the indicators of the introduction of some medicinal species (phenological control indicators and seed quality) was conducted in the collection plot of medicinal plants in the main botanical garden and a brief conclusion was drawn based on the information of the introduction.
{"title":"Localization of Some Medicinal Plants in the Ile Delta on the Southern Macrosurface of the Zhetysu Alatau (Kazakhstan)","authors":"Bedel Kaliyev, Bedel Kaliyev, Gulnar Sitpayeva, Anar Musrat, Svetlana Yerekeyeva, Bakytzhan Saikenov, Aubakirov Nurimzhan","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.418.423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.418.423","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the floral composition of the vicinity of the Ile River on the southern macrosurface of Zhetysu Alatau is determined and a brief description of the endemic species is given. Through the examination and evaluation of expedition data, along with comprehensive research and literature analysis, the study successfully identified species that have experienced a reduction in their distribution range within the study area. Furthermore, the study was able to establish a comprehensive overview of the ecological characteristics and life forms exhibited by the flora in the examined region. An analysis of the indicators of the introduction of some medicinal species (phenological control indicators and seed quality) was conducted in the collection plot of medicinal plants in the main botanical garden and a brief conclusion was drawn based on the information of the introduction.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135772950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To create competitive wheat varieties, it is essential to make active use of the world's diversity of genetic resources. The study aims to test the genetic resources of spring soft wheat for resistance to rust diseases. A spring soft wheat collection consisting of 206 samples, was studied in 2020-2022 for resistance to leaf and stem rust, as well as for a complex of valuable agronomic traits. The results of the study identify 13 samples resistant to brown rust and stem rust. The variety Weebill 1 (Mexico) had a high resistance to two diseases and the variety Jacui (Brazil) was also characterized by resistance to these diseases. Three varieties are characterized by high yield: CATBIRD (Mexico), Lutescence 14/10-14 (Russia), and Ana *2/Oc 14//2*Br 35/3/Oc 9015#87 (CIMMYT). Three varieties exceeded the standard for protein content: Ilimenskaya 2 (Russia), Lutescens 128-15 (Russia), and Lutescens 234/11 (Kazakhstan). Based on the level of sedimentation sediment, two samples were above the standard: Ilimenskaya 2 (Russia) and Lutescens 128-15 (Russia). By protein content and sedimentation level, two samples are distinguished: Akmola 2 (Kazakhstan) and Lutescence 234/11 (Kazakhstan). According to the complex of economically valuable characters, three varieties are highlighted: Weebill 1 (Mexico), CATBIRD (Mexico), and Scarlet (USA). The distinguished samples of spring soft wheat are recommended to breeders as sources of resistance to rust diseases in the creation of new competitive varieties adapted to northern Kazakhstan. At present, varieties Weebill 1 (Mexico), CATBIRD (Mexico), and Scarlet (USA) are used as parental forms in the creation of initial material with high yield, grain quality, and resistance to biotic environmental factors.
{"title":"Resistance to Brown and Stem Rust in Spring Soft Wheat Varieties in the Arid Climate of Northern Kazakhstan","authors":"Adylkhan Babkenov, Sandukash Babkenova, Svetlana Dashkevich, Belgibay Kanafin, Aliya Shabdan, Yelzhas Kairzhanov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.411.417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.411.417","url":null,"abstract":"To create competitive wheat varieties, it is essential to make active use of the world's diversity of genetic resources. The study aims to test the genetic resources of spring soft wheat for resistance to rust diseases. A spring soft wheat collection consisting of 206 samples, was studied in 2020-2022 for resistance to leaf and stem rust, as well as for a complex of valuable agronomic traits. The results of the study identify 13 samples resistant to brown rust and stem rust. The variety Weebill 1 (Mexico) had a high resistance to two diseases and the variety Jacui (Brazil) was also characterized by resistance to these diseases. Three varieties are characterized by high yield: CATBIRD (Mexico), Lutescence 14/10-14 (Russia), and Ana *2/Oc 14//2*Br 35/3/Oc 9015#87 (CIMMYT). Three varieties exceeded the standard for protein content: Ilimenskaya 2 (Russia), Lutescens 128-15 (Russia), and Lutescens 234/11 (Kazakhstan). Based on the level of sedimentation sediment, two samples were above the standard: Ilimenskaya 2 (Russia) and Lutescens 128-15 (Russia). By protein content and sedimentation level, two samples are distinguished: Akmola 2 (Kazakhstan) and Lutescence 234/11 (Kazakhstan). According to the complex of economically valuable characters, three varieties are highlighted: Weebill 1 (Mexico), CATBIRD (Mexico), and Scarlet (USA). The distinguished samples of spring soft wheat are recommended to breeders as sources of resistance to rust diseases in the creation of new competitive varieties adapted to northern Kazakhstan. At present, varieties Weebill 1 (Mexico), CATBIRD (Mexico), and Scarlet (USA) are used as parental forms in the creation of initial material with high yield, grain quality, and resistance to biotic environmental factors.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the absence of easily digestible carbohydrates (sugar and starch, which are of great importance in animal nutrition) in the existing methods of assessing the nutritional value of feed, the need to include them in the methods for improving the overall nutritional value is a particularly urgent matter in feed manufacture for desert livestock industries. The study was carried out in the distant pastures of the Kyzylkum sandy desert and the ephemeral pastures of the foothill desert of southern Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sugar and starch content in the composition of the main forage plants and herbage to improve the methodology for determining the nutritional value of feed, considering the fractions of easily digestible carbohydrates. A total of 105 samples representing 58 different species of forage plants were analyzed for carbohydrates. As a result of the study, the content of carbohydrates in the composition of the herbage of various types of desert pastures and individual types of feed was determined. The authors established that the pasture feeds of most of the studied types of desert pastures had an average of 25 g/kg of sugar and 12 g/kg of starch in their composition at natural humidity. As the study data showed, due to the low content of easily digestible carbohydrates in the herbage of desert pastures, the provision of sheep with sugar remains at a low level, which undoubtedly affects the productivity of sheep and, in general, the efficiency indicators of animal husbandry in the region. The results of the study are of practical importance in the organization of cattle breeding in Kazakhstan and countries with similar conditions for the sheep industry.
{"title":"Development of a Methodology for Determining the Nutritional Value of Pasture Feed Considering the Fractions of Easily Digestible Carbohydrates in the Desert Zone of Southern Kazakhstan","authors":"Amanbay Karynbayev, Beybit Nasiyev, Kuzembayuly Zharylkasyn, Nurzhan Zhumadillayev, Narzhan Zhumadillayev","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.458.469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.458.469","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the absence of easily digestible carbohydrates (sugar and starch, which are of great importance in animal nutrition) in the existing methods of assessing the nutritional value of feed, the need to include them in the methods for improving the overall nutritional value is a particularly urgent matter in feed manufacture for desert livestock industries. The study was carried out in the distant pastures of the Kyzylkum sandy desert and the ephemeral pastures of the foothill desert of southern Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the sugar and starch content in the composition of the main forage plants and herbage to improve the methodology for determining the nutritional value of feed, considering the fractions of easily digestible carbohydrates. A total of 105 samples representing 58 different species of forage plants were analyzed for carbohydrates. As a result of the study, the content of carbohydrates in the composition of the herbage of various types of desert pastures and individual types of feed was determined. The authors established that the pasture feeds of most of the studied types of desert pastures had an average of 25 g/kg of sugar and 12 g/kg of starch in their composition at natural humidity. As the study data showed, due to the low content of easily digestible carbohydrates in the herbage of desert pastures, the provision of sheep with sugar remains at a low level, which undoubtedly affects the productivity of sheep and, in general, the efficiency indicators of animal husbandry in the region. The results of the study are of practical importance in the organization of cattle breeding in Kazakhstan and countries with similar conditions for the sheep industry.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135772951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morphometric characteristics of honey bees (length and width of wings, number of roots) depend on the environmental conditions (in particular, the temperature regime) in which individuals develop. The purpose of the study is to determine the distribution of honey bees and a comparative analysis of their morphometric indicators in various climatic zones of South-Eastern Kazakhstan. The main climatic zones of the studied territory were (1) Mountainous and (2) Foothill zones covering the Tien Shan Mountain system and characterized by cold, snowy winters and cool summers, (3) Steppe zone characterized by a continental climate, and (4) Desert zone. The wing data were compared with reference samples from the bee morphometric data bank in Oberursel, Germany. The resolution of the reference images was 1096 DOI. The reference sample for Apis mellifera carnica consisted of 10 colonies originating from Slovenia. The study was conducted on 12 farms bred in various zones of South-Eastern Kazakhstan, including a reference sample, according to 11 main morphometric characteristics of worker bees. The length of the proboscis ranges from 6.21±0.04 mm to 6.35±0.02 mm, while they do not differ from the control ones. The number of hamuli in the main samples averaged 19.6 pcs. compared with Kerbulak, Almaty 20.50±0.42 pcs. And the control group was 21.50±1.3 pcs. (p≤0.05). Differences on this basis between populations reach the first threshold of confidence probability (p>0.95). The range of the cubital index in all the studied groups ranges from 2.27±0.05, 2.74±0.07, the Hantel index was also dynamically within the normal range. According to the size of the centroids, a high degree of similarity was found between the entire population of honey bees of South-East Kazakhstan, with a degree between 858.40-887.77. The size of the centroid for the control samples was 662.82, which has too many differences from the population of honey bees in South-East Kazakhstan.
蜜蜂的形态特征(翅膀的长度和宽度，根的数量)取决于个体发育的环境条件(特别是温度制度)。本研究的目的是确定蜜蜂在哈萨克斯坦东南部不同气候带的分布，并对其形态计量指标进行比较分析。研究区域的主要气候带为:(1)山地和(2)覆盖天山系统的山麓带，冬季寒冷多雪，夏季凉爽;(3)草原带，为大陆性气候;(4)荒漠带。翅膀数据与来自德国Oberursel蜜蜂形态测量数据库的参考样本进行了比较。参考图像分辨率为1096 DOI。参考样本为产于斯洛文尼亚的10个蜜蜂群落。根据工蜂的11个主要形态特征，这项研究在哈萨克斯坦东南部不同地区的12个农场进行，包括一个参考样本。鼻长在6.21±0.04 mm ~ 6.35±0.02 mm之间，与对照组无明显差异。主要样品中hamuli的数量平均为19.6个。阿拉木图与克尔布拉克(20.50±0.42)个。对照组为21.50±1.3个。(p≤0.05)。种群间在此基础上的差异达到置信概率的第一阈值(p>0.95)。各实验组肘指数的变化范围分别为2.27±0.05、2.74±0.07，汉特尔指数也动态在正常范围内。根据质心的大小，在哈萨克斯坦东南部的整个蜜蜂种群之间发现了高度的相似性，其程度在858.40-887.77之间。对照样本的质心大小为662.82，与哈萨克斯坦东南部的蜜蜂种群差异太大。
{"title":"The Impact of Environment on the Morphometric Characteristics of Honeybees Apis Mellifera Carnica in South-East Kazakhstan","authors":"Ulzhan Auezkhanovna Nuraliyeva, Nuradil Nurbekuly Spatay, Ainur Malikovna Davletova, Maxat Risbekovich Toishimanov, Gaukhar Abikenovna Moldakhmetova, Zhanar Abikenovna Kussainova, Akmal Abduvaitovich Khudaiberdiev, Svetlana Nikolaevna Khrapova, Dastanbek Asylbekovich Baimukanov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.520.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.520.527","url":null,"abstract":"Morphometric characteristics of honey bees (length and width of wings, number of roots) depend on the environmental conditions (in particular, the temperature regime) in which individuals develop. The purpose of the study is to determine the distribution of honey bees and a comparative analysis of their morphometric indicators in various climatic zones of South-Eastern Kazakhstan. The main climatic zones of the studied territory were (1) Mountainous and (2) Foothill zones covering the Tien Shan Mountain system and characterized by cold, snowy winters and cool summers, (3) Steppe zone characterized by a continental climate, and (4) Desert zone. The wing data were compared with reference samples from the bee morphometric data bank in Oberursel, Germany. The resolution of the reference images was 1096 DOI. The reference sample for Apis mellifera carnica consisted of 10 colonies originating from Slovenia. The study was conducted on 12 farms bred in various zones of South-Eastern Kazakhstan, including a reference sample, according to 11 main morphometric characteristics of worker bees. The length of the proboscis ranges from 6.21±0.04 mm to 6.35±0.02 mm, while they do not differ from the control ones. The number of hamuli in the main samples averaged 19.6 pcs. compared with Kerbulak, Almaty 20.50±0.42 pcs. And the control group was 21.50±1.3 pcs. (p≤0.05). Differences on this basis between populations reach the first threshold of confidence probability (p>0.95). The range of the cubital index in all the studied groups ranges from 2.27±0.05, 2.74±0.07, the Hantel index was also dynamically within the normal range. According to the size of the centroids, a high degree of similarity was found between the entire population of honey bees of South-East Kazakhstan, with a degree between 858.40-887.77. The size of the centroid for the control samples was 662.82, which has too many differences from the population of honey bees in South-East Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lignocellulose is a ubiquitous biopolymer that, once degraded into monomeric products, could be used to produce a wide range of products. Bioconversion using indigenous microbes could be a solution to the large array of cellulosic waste and it could be sourced from exotic organisms such as Asiatic rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L). This study aimed to cellulolytic bacteria from the digestive tract of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae verify their cellulolytic abilities and identify the species based on 16S rRNA. Seven isolates were purified from the larvae and all were able to hydrolyze cellulose with the highest cellulolytic index displayed by isolate B01L (1.28), while the lowest by B06L (0.15). The highest cellulase activity assayed using the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method was produced by B01L at 0.010 U/mL. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA assigned seven species as Bacillus tequilensis strain B01L, Bacillus pacificus strain B02L, Serratia marcescens strain B03L, Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain B04L, Lactococcus geraviae strain B05L, Pseudomonas monteilii strain B06L and Priestia aryabhattai strain B07L. All bacterial genera from the digestive tract had the ability to degrade cellulose. Then the result suggests that all bacteria have an important role in cellulose degradation and may have mutualistic traits with the host, such as cellulose bioconversion.
{"title":"Diversity of Cellulolytic Bacteria from the Digestive Tract of Oryctes rhinoceros Larvae","authors":"Ahmad Faisal Nasution, Erman Munir, Dwi Suryanto, None Yurnaliza, Anthoni Agustien","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.470.478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.470.478","url":null,"abstract":"Lignocellulose is a ubiquitous biopolymer that, once degraded into monomeric products, could be used to produce a wide range of products. Bioconversion using indigenous microbes could be a solution to the large array of cellulosic waste and it could be sourced from exotic organisms such as Asiatic rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L). This study aimed to cellulolytic bacteria from the digestive tract of Oryctes rhinoceros larvae verify their cellulolytic abilities and identify the species based on 16S rRNA. Seven isolates were purified from the larvae and all were able to hydrolyze cellulose with the highest cellulolytic index displayed by isolate B01L (1.28), while the lowest by B06L (0.15). The highest cellulase activity assayed using the 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method was produced by B01L at 0.010 U/mL. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA assigned seven species as Bacillus tequilensis strain B01L, Bacillus pacificus strain B02L, Serratia marcescens strain B03L, Lysinibacillus fusiformis strain B04L, Lactococcus geraviae strain B05L, Pseudomonas monteilii strain B06L and Priestia aryabhattai strain B07L. All bacterial genera from the digestive tract had the ability to degrade cellulose. Then the result suggests that all bacteria have an important role in cellulose degradation and may have mutualistic traits with the host, such as cellulose bioconversion.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135772949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Japanese millet is a relatively new, valuable fodder crop. 100 kg of Japanese millet hay contains 54.0-60.5 kg of feed units or 6.9 kg of digestible protein. Besides, Japanese millet makes it possible to obtain environmentally friendly food, since the plant is not affected by diseases and pests, therefore, the use of pesticides is not required when cultivating it. However, in the northern regions of Kazakhstan, Japanese millet is an unconventional culture and is practically not used. Therefore, it is necessary to study the efficiency of the cultivation of Japanese millet in the soil and climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan. The study aimed to compare the efficiency of the cultivation of a non-traditional fodder crop (Japanese millet) with traditional fodder crops in the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan to provide farm animals with a diverse and feed-valuable diet. The study was carried out in 2017-2019 at the station of the Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin, located on dark chestnut soils of the Akmola region of Northern Kazakhstan. It was observed that in comparison with the traditional fodder crop (Sudan grass) Japanese millet exceeded it both in terms of profitability (it was higher by 13.7% when cultivated for feed and by 45.8% when cultivated for grain) and in terms of energy efficiency (it increased by 1.9 times when cultivated for feed and 0.7 times when cultivated for grain). During the cultivation of Japanese millet for feed, an additional net income was received from 1 ha (392 USD), and with grain, this amount equaled 622 USD. Thus, Japanese millet is a promising fodder crop for cultivation in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan.
{"title":"Efficiency of Japanese Millet (Echinochloa Frumentacea) Fodder Crop Cultivation in the Arid Steppe","authors":"Nurbolat Mukhanov, Nurlan Serekpayev, Nurlan Balgabayev, Gani Stybayev, Aliya Baitelenova, Adilbek Nogaev, Almas Kurbanbayev, Balzhan Akhylbekova","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.424.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.424.431","url":null,"abstract":"Japanese millet is a relatively new, valuable fodder crop. 100 kg of Japanese millet hay contains 54.0-60.5 kg of feed units or 6.9 kg of digestible protein. Besides, Japanese millet makes it possible to obtain environmentally friendly food, since the plant is not affected by diseases and pests, therefore, the use of pesticides is not required when cultivating it. However, in the northern regions of Kazakhstan, Japanese millet is an unconventional culture and is practically not used. Therefore, it is necessary to study the efficiency of the cultivation of Japanese millet in the soil and climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan. The study aimed to compare the efficiency of the cultivation of a non-traditional fodder crop (Japanese millet) with traditional fodder crops in the steppe zone of Northern Kazakhstan to provide farm animals with a diverse and feed-valuable diet. The study was carried out in 2017-2019 at the station of the Kazakh Agrotechnical University named after S. Seifullin, located on dark chestnut soils of the Akmola region of Northern Kazakhstan. It was observed that in comparison with the traditional fodder crop (Sudan grass) Japanese millet exceeded it both in terms of profitability (it was higher by 13.7% when cultivated for feed and by 45.8% when cultivated for grain) and in terms of energy efficiency (it increased by 1.9 times when cultivated for feed and 0.7 times when cultivated for grain). During the cultivation of Japanese millet for feed, an additional net income was received from 1 ha (392 USD), and with grain, this amount equaled 622 USD. Thus, Japanese millet is a promising fodder crop for cultivation in the conditions of Northern Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular Conditions (CVD) as well as cancer are the main death causes globally. Characteristically, there are numerous interrelations and intersections between these two groups of diseases. So, in particular, cardiovascular disease is one of the main comorbidities and death causes in cancer patients. The development of atherosclerosis is promoted by aggressive anticancer therapy regimens and various risk factors, including hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders, and others. In this review, we considered the features of the treatment of atherosclerosis and cancer in the case of their simultaneous presence.
{"title":"Brief Overview of Specific Features of Cancer in Atherosclerosis Patients and Therapeutic Strategies","authors":"Anastasia Vladimirovna Poznyak, Varvara Alexandrovna Orekhova, Vasily Nikolaevich Sukhorukov, Andrey Vyacheslavovich Grechko, Mikhail Аlexandrovich Popov, Alexander Nikolaevich Orekhov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.511.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.511.519","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular Conditions (CVD) as well as cancer are the main death causes globally. Characteristically, there are numerous interrelations and intersections between these two groups of diseases. So, in particular, cardiovascular disease is one of the main comorbidities and death causes in cancer patients. The development of atherosclerosis is promoted by aggressive anticancer therapy regimens and various risk factors, including hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders, and others. In this review, we considered the features of the treatment of atherosclerosis and cancer in the case of their simultaneous presence.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135773011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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