Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.323.335
Adil Kusmangazinov, Meruyert Sakenovna Kurmanbayeva, Irina Zharkova, Dina Karabalayeva, Raushan Kaparbay, Tursynbek Kaiyrbekov
Hedysarum L. is one of the large genus of the Fabaceae Lindl. family, consisting of 200 species. Species in the genus Hedysarum are valuable forage and medicinal resources. In this study, we studied Hedysarum theinum Krasnob and Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb growing in the western Altai of Eastern Kazakhstan. H. theinum is a perennial, herbaceous, valuable medicinal plant, a rare species, an Altai-Dzungarian endemic, and a globally endangered species. H. neglectum is a perennial plant of high medicinal and fodder value, growing mainly in the sub-alpine zone. The purpose of the work is to identify the anatomical features and determine the phytochemical composition of the components of two species of Hedysarum. Route-reconnoitering methods were used in a field search of two species of Hedysarum for comparative study in 2020-2021. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. The location of biologically active substances in the anatomical structure of the stem has been established. Biologically active substances are concentrated around the conductive bundles of the leaf and stem. The comparative anatomical structure of the stem in H. theinum revealed a thick ring of sclerenchyma under the cambium, which is absent in H. neglectum. In determining the phytochemical compounds of the aboveground organs of two Hedysarum species, the total number of components was 74, of which 55 compounds were found in H. theinum and 57 in H. neglectum. In both species, 37 components were detected, in H. neglectum 11 components had significant content, in H. theinum 9 components contained a significant percentage of compounds. Analysis of the root extract showed that H. theinum contains 27 and H. neglectum contains 29 compounds. Of these, 15 compounds are characteristic of both species. The phytochemical data obtained confirm the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antitumor properties of these plants.
{"title":"Comparison of Anatomical Characteristics and Phytochemical Components Between Two Species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae)","authors":"Adil Kusmangazinov, Meruyert Sakenovna Kurmanbayeva, Irina Zharkova, Dina Karabalayeva, Raushan Kaparbay, Tursynbek Kaiyrbekov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.323.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.323.335","url":null,"abstract":"Hedysarum L. is one of the large genus of the Fabaceae Lindl. family, consisting of 200 species. Species in the genus Hedysarum are valuable forage and medicinal resources. In this study, we studied Hedysarum theinum Krasnob and Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb growing in the western Altai of Eastern Kazakhstan. H. theinum is a perennial, herbaceous, valuable medicinal plant, a rare species, an Altai-Dzungarian endemic, and a globally endangered species. H. neglectum is a perennial plant of high medicinal and fodder value, growing mainly in the sub-alpine zone. The purpose of the work is to identify the anatomical features and determine the phytochemical composition of the components of two species of Hedysarum. Route-reconnoitering methods were used in a field search of two species of Hedysarum for comparative study in 2020-2021. The extracts were analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. The location of biologically active substances in the anatomical structure of the stem has been established. Biologically active substances are concentrated around the conductive bundles of the leaf and stem. The comparative anatomical structure of the stem in H. theinum revealed a thick ring of sclerenchyma under the cambium, which is absent in H. neglectum. In determining the phytochemical compounds of the aboveground organs of two Hedysarum species, the total number of components was 74, of which 55 compounds were found in H. theinum and 57 in H. neglectum. In both species, 37 components were detected, in H. neglectum 11 components had significant content, in H. theinum 9 components contained a significant percentage of compounds. Analysis of the root extract showed that H. theinum contains 27 and H. neglectum contains 29 compounds. Of these, 15 compounds are characteristic of both species. The phytochemical data obtained confirm the anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, antimalarial, and antitumor properties of these plants.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135533151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.170.176
A. Bissembayev, Natalia Evgenievna Zemskova, V. Sattarov, V. Semenov, M. Kargayeva, A. D. Baimukanov
{"title":"Eidonomy of Apis mellifera Workers and Drones in Apiaries","authors":"A. Bissembayev, Natalia Evgenievna Zemskova, V. Sattarov, V. Semenov, M. Kargayeva, A. D. Baimukanov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.170.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.170.176","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42467109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.187.192
Yerlan Bozanbaiulu Dutbayev, Aidana Kharipzhanova, Aidarkhan Yesserkenov, A. Ten, S. Garmashov, L. Popova, O. Konstantinova, U. Sagyndykov
{"title":"The Harmfulness of Common Root Rot in Winter Wheat Varieties in Kazakhstan","authors":"Yerlan Bozanbaiulu Dutbayev, Aidana Kharipzhanova, Aidarkhan Yesserkenov, A. Ten, S. Garmashov, L. Popova, O. Konstantinova, U. Sagyndykov","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.187.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.187.192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42037836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.193.201
Azhar Azher Alankooshi, A. F. Hasan, E. Tousson, Afaf M. El-Atrsh, Tarek M. Mohamed
{"title":"Impact of Coriander Seeds Extract Against Thyroidectomy Induced Testicular Damage and DNA Replication in Male Rats","authors":"Azhar Azher Alankooshi, A. F. Hasan, E. Tousson, Afaf M. El-Atrsh, Tarek M. Mohamed","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.193.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.193.201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41860063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.156.169
Sandra PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ, Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana, M. A. Magallanes-Tapia, Daniel Cabezas Montero, E. Sánchez-Chávez, César Octavio Licón Trillo
{"title":"Emerging Contaminants in Agriculture and Ways to Reduce them Emerging Contaminants in Agriculture","authors":"Sandra PÉREZ-ÁLVAREZ, Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana, M. A. Magallanes-Tapia, Daniel Cabezas Montero, E. Sánchez-Chávez, César Octavio Licón Trillo","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.156.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.156.169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45937670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.177.186
P. Sari, N. F. Mazfufah, Umiatin, D. Suryandari, S. W. Lestari, L. Yunaini
: PEMF is a method that utilizes electric current using a coil that is powered by dynamic electric current, it will cause a dynamic magnetic field in the coil. In the last few decades, it is known that PEMF has the potential to be used as a modality in the treatment of obesity. For this reason, PEMFs have been studied in vitro as their effect in inhibiting the adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC). But the use of PEMF therapy in inhibiting adipogenesis still has many challenges. Understanding of the mechanisms that occur in cells that are exposed to PEMF is also still very slight. This article reviews the studies that investigated in vitro effect of PEMF in inhibiting adipogenesis studies and the underlying mechanism. In the future, it is hoped that this review can be used as a basic reference for in vivo research and clinical trials related to inhibiting adipogenesis using PEMF
{"title":"A Review of Cellular Mechanism of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) in Inhibiting Adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"P. Sari, N. F. Mazfufah, Umiatin, D. Suryandari, S. W. Lestari, L. Yunaini","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.177.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.177.186","url":null,"abstract":": PEMF is a method that utilizes electric current using a coil that is powered by dynamic electric current, it will cause a dynamic magnetic field in the coil. In the last few decades, it is known that PEMF has the potential to be used as a modality in the treatment of obesity. For this reason, PEMFs have been studied in vitro as their effect in inhibiting the adipogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC). But the use of PEMF therapy in inhibiting adipogenesis still has many challenges. Understanding of the mechanisms that occur in cells that are exposed to PEMF is also still very slight. This article reviews the studies that investigated in vitro effect of PEMF in inhibiting adipogenesis studies and the underlying mechanism. In the future, it is hoped that this review can be used as a basic reference for in vivo research and clinical trials related to inhibiting adipogenesis using PEMF","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47886142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.202.209
N.M. Kuldybayev, Yerlan Bozanbaiulu Dutbayev, O. Konstantinova, D. Borodulin, M. Yessimbekova, Saule Daugaliyeva, M. Toishimanov, Aydarkhan Yesserkenov, S. Bastaubaeva, I. Temreshev
: Soy is an important oilseed crop in Kazakhstan. However, its yield is significantly reduced due to an increase in the development of fungal diseases with soil infection. This study aims to identify the root rot pathogen in soybean varieties in Western Kazakhstan and assess its pathogenicity. Samples of soybean roots to determine the root rot pathogen were selected at the experimental plots of the Aktobe agricultural experimental station in 2021. Genetic analysis of isolates observed on potato dextrose agar medium from soybean root slices was carried out using the sequencing reaction of internal transcribed spacer region nucleotide sequences using the Big Dye Terminator protocol (applied biosystems) with a further comparison of data with the Gen bank database. A test for the pathogenicity of the identified isolates of the fungus was carried out. Statistical data processing was carried out using the R-studio software according to the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis test. Phylogenetic analysis of samples of soybean affected by root rot showed that the main biotic agent causing root rot was the imperfect fungus Fusarium equiseti . Sequencing of the highly informative internal transcribed spacer region of fungal isolates allowed identifying strains 1 and 2 belonging to the species Fusarium equiseti. The pathogenicity test established that isolates of the Fusarium equiseti fungus caused discoloration of seedlings and plant roots and necrosis in soybean seedlings
{"title":"Identification and Pathogenicity of the Soybean Root Rot Pathogen in Arid Conditions","authors":"N.M. Kuldybayev, Yerlan Bozanbaiulu Dutbayev, O. Konstantinova, D. Borodulin, M. Yessimbekova, Saule Daugaliyeva, M. Toishimanov, Aydarkhan Yesserkenov, S. Bastaubaeva, I. Temreshev","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.202.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.202.209","url":null,"abstract":": Soy is an important oilseed crop in Kazakhstan. However, its yield is significantly reduced due to an increase in the development of fungal diseases with soil infection. This study aims to identify the root rot pathogen in soybean varieties in Western Kazakhstan and assess its pathogenicity. Samples of soybean roots to determine the root rot pathogen were selected at the experimental plots of the Aktobe agricultural experimental station in 2021. Genetic analysis of isolates observed on potato dextrose agar medium from soybean root slices was carried out using the sequencing reaction of internal transcribed spacer region nucleotide sequences using the Big Dye Terminator protocol (applied biosystems) with a further comparison of data with the Gen bank database. A test for the pathogenicity of the identified isolates of the fungus was carried out. Statistical data processing was carried out using the R-studio software according to the nonparametric Kruskal Wallis test. Phylogenetic analysis of samples of soybean affected by root rot showed that the main biotic agent causing root rot was the imperfect fungus Fusarium equiseti . Sequencing of the highly informative internal transcribed spacer region of fungal isolates allowed identifying strains 1 and 2 belonging to the species Fusarium equiseti. The pathogenicity test established that isolates of the Fusarium equiseti fungus caused discoloration of seedlings and plant roots and necrosis in soybean seedlings","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48067361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.149.155
A. Bissembayev, D. Asylbekovich, Orest Antipovich Bassonov, Kh.A. Amerkhanov, Oleg Yurievich Petrov, N. Kuzmina
{"title":"Productive Traits and Reproductive Capacity of First-Calf Cows at Different Selection Options","authors":"A. Bissembayev, D. Asylbekovich, Orest Antipovich Bassonov, Kh.A. Amerkhanov, Oleg Yurievich Petrov, N. Kuzmina","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.149.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.149.155","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48073054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.3844/ojbsci.2023.236.242
N. H. Panggabean, I. Nurwahyuni, Elimasni, Mohammad Basyuni
: The propagation of oil palm seeds through tissue culture and somatic embryogenesis is a preferred method due to its ability to produce entire plants without the need for gamete fusion. While somatic embryo proliferation is typically performed on solid media, this approach is less efficient than liquid media, which is both more cost-effective and can lead to better proliferation results. Thus, this study aimed to determine the most effective combination of growth regulators on MS medium through suspension culture propagation. Buds from oil palm plants served as the initial explants, with embryogenic callus utilized for suspension culture. Bud explants were previously planted on solid MS media with a combination of 2,4-D and BAP to initiate the primary callus which was formed from 97 th to 132nd days, with D4B1 (80 mg/L 2,4-D; 2.5 mg/L BAP) media containing the most primary callus. The primary callus was subcultured twice over a 60-day period before embryogenic callus induction. The embryogenic calli formed on D3B1, D3B2, D4B0, and D4B1 medium between the 90 th and 120 th days. The medium, D4B1 again successfully initiated the embryogenic callus growth, hence it was later used for suspension culture. The fresh weight of calli increased during the first and second subcultures and later declined in the third subculture. The culture process was repeated on a solid MS medium to obtain coleoptilar somatic embryos, with most of them being formed between the 88 th and 115 th days (40.7%). Somatic embryogenesis is an efficient and cost-effective way of propagating oil palm seeds and the use of a specific combination of growth regulators on MS medium through suspension culture propagation can result in the formation of embryogenic calli and coleoptilar somatic embryos.
{"title":"Somatic Embryogenesis of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) from Bud Explants Using Suspension Culture","authors":"N. H. Panggabean, I. Nurwahyuni, Elimasni, Mohammad Basyuni","doi":"10.3844/ojbsci.2023.236.242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3844/ojbsci.2023.236.242","url":null,"abstract":": The propagation of oil palm seeds through tissue culture and somatic embryogenesis is a preferred method due to its ability to produce entire plants without the need for gamete fusion. While somatic embryo proliferation is typically performed on solid media, this approach is less efficient than liquid media, which is both more cost-effective and can lead to better proliferation results. Thus, this study aimed to determine the most effective combination of growth regulators on MS medium through suspension culture propagation. Buds from oil palm plants served as the initial explants, with embryogenic callus utilized for suspension culture. Bud explants were previously planted on solid MS media with a combination of 2,4-D and BAP to initiate the primary callus which was formed from 97 th to 132nd days, with D4B1 (80 mg/L 2,4-D; 2.5 mg/L BAP) media containing the most primary callus. The primary callus was subcultured twice over a 60-day period before embryogenic callus induction. The embryogenic calli formed on D3B1, D3B2, D4B0, and D4B1 medium between the 90 th and 120 th days. The medium, D4B1 again successfully initiated the embryogenic callus growth, hence it was later used for suspension culture. The fresh weight of calli increased during the first and second subcultures and later declined in the third subculture. The culture process was repeated on a solid MS medium to obtain coleoptilar somatic embryos, with most of them being formed between the 88 th and 115 th days (40.7%). Somatic embryogenesis is an efficient and cost-effective way of propagating oil palm seeds and the use of a specific combination of growth regulators on MS medium through suspension culture propagation can result in the formation of embryogenic calli and coleoptilar somatic embryos.","PeriodicalId":35048,"journal":{"name":"OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45955083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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