Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2023.2199192
Ian Thompson, Lyudmila Nurse, M. Fazel
ABSTRACT This article examines the cultural, educational and mental health consequences of large-scale internal displacement for children and adolescents from the Donbas to other parts of Ukraine. The research findings and methodological innovations of the study are discussed in the context of forced migration and displacement caused by the previous (2014) armed conflict in East Ukraine and Donbas with additional challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Our data collection was halted by the military action in Ukraine that started in February 2022 that has caused another wave of forced migration. We reflect on the experience gained from conducting research on sensitive topics of displacement using online methods in the environment of restricted access to schools and adolescents. The adolescents who were interviewed described their experiences of displacement, which for some had taken place nearly eight years before. Trauma from conflict and displacement can have mental health, educational and social consequences for displaced adolescents. These displaced young people and their families face, as internally displaced populations, a double-edged sword in their relationship with their new contexts. They often have numerous challenges in their settling in a new location and public sphere given the existing ethnic, cultural and language diversity of Ukraine and yet have the advantage of being able to adopt and adapt to their new socio-cultural contexts relatively quickly and minimise their pre-migration identities, if they so wish.
{"title":"Tensions in Cultural Identity and Sense of Belonging for Internally Displaced Adolescents in Ukraine","authors":"Ian Thompson, Lyudmila Nurse, M. Fazel","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2023.2199192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2023.2199192","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the cultural, educational and mental health consequences of large-scale internal displacement for children and adolescents from the Donbas to other parts of Ukraine. The research findings and methodological innovations of the study are discussed in the context of forced migration and displacement caused by the previous (2014) armed conflict in East Ukraine and Donbas with additional challenges posed by the Covid-19 pandemic. Our data collection was halted by the military action in Ukraine that started in February 2022 that has caused another wave of forced migration. We reflect on the experience gained from conducting research on sensitive topics of displacement using online methods in the environment of restricted access to schools and adolescents. The adolescents who were interviewed described their experiences of displacement, which for some had taken place nearly eight years before. Trauma from conflict and displacement can have mental health, educational and social consequences for displaced adolescents. These displaced young people and their families face, as internally displaced populations, a double-edged sword in their relationship with their new contexts. They often have numerous challenges in their settling in a new location and public sphere given the existing ethnic, cultural and language diversity of Ukraine and yet have the advantage of being able to adopt and adapt to their new socio-cultural contexts relatively quickly and minimise their pre-migration identities, if they so wish.","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"319 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44100234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-21DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2023.2187168
Menka Tsantefski, A. Morrison
This edition of Child Care in Practice builds the journal’s aim of highlighting often-neglected topics that are, paradoxically, of global interest. The edition commences with attention to health care in developing countries. These papers are diverse in focus and include a range of research approaches including qualitative studies utilising semi-structured interviews and focus groups, surveys, and large-scale administrative data. Combined, the papers demonstrate the effects of socioeconomic factors and lack of infrastructure on poor outcomes among infants and children. Limited access to services, cultural factors and the role of significant others in parental decision-making point to the value of community development and the need to consider children in the wider social context in which they, and their families, are embedded. The studies contribute to the evidence base for public health policies and practices in relation to children’s safety and well-being. The implications for children’s long-term health and developmental trajectories are not limited to the study settings—child poverty as a structural determinant in child outcomes, and the need for professionals to comprehend differences in childrearing practices—which cut across international jurisdictions and are of consequence for the range of professionals concerned with children’s services in both developing and economically developed nations. The first article in this edition addresses a major global health concern—morbidity, disability and mortality resulting from unintentional child injury in the home. Alrimawi et al. (2021) utilised naturalistic inquiry and maximum variation sampling to explore the perceptions of Palestinian primary healthcare professionals (n = 24) on factors facilitating or impeding the prevention of home injuries among children aged under five years in Ramallah. The findings indicate that professional, parental and environmental factors all play a role in preventable injury, disability and death. The specific need for more training and time for professionals to engage with and educate families was a salient finding. Additionally, low income was found to impede parental ability to create a safer environment for children. As possibly the first qualitative study reporting Palestinian health-care professionals’ perspectives of prevention of unintended child injury, the article makes a significant contribution to the literature. The following article, by Adonteng-Kissi (2021), examines the complexities and tensions of child labour in Ghana. This exploratory study, based on semi-structured interviews with parents whose children were or were not involved in child labour, considers the extent to which parents in rural and urban communities in Ghana view child labour as cultural or as an economic necessity. The study demonstrates that cultural influences and economic necessities should not be considered in isolation and that prevention and intervention efforts need to address
{"title":"Editorial","authors":"Menka Tsantefski, A. Morrison","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2023.2187168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2023.2187168","url":null,"abstract":"This edition of Child Care in Practice builds the journal’s aim of highlighting often-neglected topics that are, paradoxically, of global interest. The edition commences with attention to health care in developing countries. These papers are diverse in focus and include a range of research approaches including qualitative studies utilising semi-structured interviews and focus groups, surveys, and large-scale administrative data. Combined, the papers demonstrate the effects of socioeconomic factors and lack of infrastructure on poor outcomes among infants and children. Limited access to services, cultural factors and the role of significant others in parental decision-making point to the value of community development and the need to consider children in the wider social context in which they, and their families, are embedded. The studies contribute to the evidence base for public health policies and practices in relation to children’s safety and well-being. The implications for children’s long-term health and developmental trajectories are not limited to the study settings—child poverty as a structural determinant in child outcomes, and the need for professionals to comprehend differences in childrearing practices—which cut across international jurisdictions and are of consequence for the range of professionals concerned with children’s services in both developing and economically developed nations. The first article in this edition addresses a major global health concern—morbidity, disability and mortality resulting from unintentional child injury in the home. Alrimawi et al. (2021) utilised naturalistic inquiry and maximum variation sampling to explore the perceptions of Palestinian primary healthcare professionals (n = 24) on factors facilitating or impeding the prevention of home injuries among children aged under five years in Ramallah. The findings indicate that professional, parental and environmental factors all play a role in preventable injury, disability and death. The specific need for more training and time for professionals to engage with and educate families was a salient finding. Additionally, low income was found to impede parental ability to create a safer environment for children. As possibly the first qualitative study reporting Palestinian health-care professionals’ perspectives of prevention of unintended child injury, the article makes a significant contribution to the literature. The following article, by Adonteng-Kissi (2021), examines the complexities and tensions of child labour in Ghana. This exploratory study, based on semi-structured interviews with parents whose children were or were not involved in child labour, considers the extent to which parents in rural and urban communities in Ghana view child labour as cultural or as an economic necessity. The study demonstrates that cultural influences and economic necessities should not be considered in isolation and that prevention and intervention efforts need to address","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"97 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48114537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2023.2167809
J. Østergaard
ABSTRACT This article examines the emotional work that young adult care leavers perform during their transition to adulthood. It is based on 30 biographical interviews with young adults (formerly) placed in care. Among researchers, social workers and policy makers, there is a need to understand what young people do about their feelings when they have been exposed to bereavement, abuse, neglect and conflict. Furthermore, it is important to understand how feelings associated with growing up with hard times impact young adults’ everyday lives. To understand what young adults who have been placed in care think and do about their feelings in relation to their birth parents, I draw on Hochschild's model of “deep acting” and “surface acting” [Hochschild, A. R. (1979). Emotion work, feeling rules, and social structure. American Journal of Sociology, 85(3), 551–575. https://doi.org/10.1086/227049; Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. University of Chicago Press]. The study reveals that these young adults constantly engage in emotion work to manage feelings towards their birth parents that do not fit within social guidelines for how to feel about one's parents. These “misfitting” feelings include hate, anger, disgust and distrust but also love and admiration towards the birth parents who neglected and abused them. Managing these feelings leaves the young adults in moments of pinch or discrepancy that they must act on to successfully transition to adulthood.
{"title":"Misfitting Feelings: Young Care Leavers’ Emotional Work During the Transition to Adulthood","authors":"J. Østergaard","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2023.2167809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2023.2167809","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article examines the emotional work that young adult care leavers perform during their transition to adulthood. It is based on 30 biographical interviews with young adults (formerly) placed in care. Among researchers, social workers and policy makers, there is a need to understand what young people do about their feelings when they have been exposed to bereavement, abuse, neglect and conflict. Furthermore, it is important to understand how feelings associated with growing up with hard times impact young adults’ everyday lives. To understand what young adults who have been placed in care think and do about their feelings in relation to their birth parents, I draw on Hochschild's model of “deep acting” and “surface acting” [Hochschild, A. R. (1979). Emotion work, feeling rules, and social structure. American Journal of Sociology, 85(3), 551–575. https://doi.org/10.1086/227049; Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The managed heart: Commercialization of human feeling. University of Chicago Press]. The study reveals that these young adults constantly engage in emotion work to manage feelings towards their birth parents that do not fit within social guidelines for how to feel about one's parents. These “misfitting” feelings include hate, anger, disgust and distrust but also love and admiration towards the birth parents who neglected and abused them. Managing these feelings leaves the young adults in moments of pinch or discrepancy that they must act on to successfully transition to adulthood.","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"278 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42768622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2022.2153104
M. Nico, Maria Silva, Diana Carvalho
ABSTRACT Critical moments from a youth transitions' point of view, narrative turning points from a life course perspective, and biographical crisis from a subjective and reflexivity approach have been of interest for those concerned in biographical approaches, life histories, and social trajectories. It has been rightfully associated with qualitative approaches: the life stories that are told are the channel for researchers to identify and analyze the role of these specific moments in the course of lives. But is this the only route to identify, tackle and understand these moments of life? In this article we argue there are other means to analyze them. Using data from the longitudinal project “Linked Lives”, where 15 family histories (with a sum of 15 young people from 18 to 25 years of age) were collected through individual interviews, and qualitative oriented surveys were applied during and after the 2020 and the 2021 pandemic lockdowns; we explore two additional avenues. One is through the interaction during the interview. Based on ethnographic notes on postures, emotions, and interactions, during the interview as a whole, and in the moments where those tough life moments were shared, another layer of understanding is achievable. Not only regarding how these moments impact the lives of young people, but also in relation to the way they are capable and willing to express them. In another approach, we suggest that qualitative-driven surveys are capable of providing stories of tough moments. Using the collected information on self-reported wellbeing and reflections of the several phases of COVID-19 lockdowns, we are able to uncover differences and oscillations of young people in difficult contexts. This may also be an ante-camera of Pandemic long lasting hardship stories. These arguments are contextualized in longitudinal, intergenerational and household scopes, since tough moments are a result of accumulated and inter-personal dynamics.
{"title":"The Devil in the Details: Looking for Tough Moments in Unusual Places","authors":"M. Nico, Maria Silva, Diana Carvalho","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2022.2153104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2022.2153104","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Critical moments from a youth transitions' point of view, narrative turning points from a life course perspective, and biographical crisis from a subjective and reflexivity approach have been of interest for those concerned in biographical approaches, life histories, and social trajectories. It has been rightfully associated with qualitative approaches: the life stories that are told are the channel for researchers to identify and analyze the role of these specific moments in the course of lives. But is this the only route to identify, tackle and understand these moments of life? In this article we argue there are other means to analyze them. Using data from the longitudinal project “Linked Lives”, where 15 family histories (with a sum of 15 young people from 18 to 25 years of age) were collected through individual interviews, and qualitative oriented surveys were applied during and after the 2020 and the 2021 pandemic lockdowns; we explore two additional avenues. One is through the interaction during the interview. Based on ethnographic notes on postures, emotions, and interactions, during the interview as a whole, and in the moments where those tough life moments were shared, another layer of understanding is achievable. Not only regarding how these moments impact the lives of young people, but also in relation to the way they are capable and willing to express them. In another approach, we suggest that qualitative-driven surveys are capable of providing stories of tough moments. Using the collected information on self-reported wellbeing and reflections of the several phases of COVID-19 lockdowns, we are able to uncover differences and oscillations of young people in difficult contexts. This may also be an ante-camera of Pandemic long lasting hardship stories. These arguments are contextualized in longitudinal, intergenerational and household scopes, since tough moments are a result of accumulated and inter-personal dynamics.","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"235 - 259"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47696625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Translation and Validation of Maternal Confidence Questionnaire (MCQ) In Iran: Persian Version","authors":"Mona Alinejad-Naeini, Mansoureh Ashghali Farahani, Farhad Abolhasan Choobdar, Roqayeh Aliyari","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2022.2119206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2022.2119206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49073240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-03DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2022.2153105
R. Thomson, R. Owens, Peter Redman, Rebecca Webb
ABSTRACT What do we do with emotion in biographical research: is it an end in itself, a symptom to be explained, a thread to be pulled? This paper presents an experiment in methodology within a field of biographical methods that involved revisiting a single qualitative interview after the elapse of thirty years. The interview with 22 year old Stacey was troubling at the time it was generated (as captured in fieldnotes and interview transcript) and was still troubling when these documents were reprised. Naming sadness as an emotion at play in the material took teamwork and emotionally engaged methods of analysis and interpretation. Working with psychoanalytically informed theories we show how a curiosity about emotion and a willingness to follow feelings can help connect individual stories to collective histories. The paper presents group based analyses and writing methods as a way of tracing the psychic logics of story through scenic material (what we call ‘emotional bombshells’). We consider the difference that time might make to an analysis, considering the possibility that more time might produce more perspective through allowing the original context to be rendered (more) visible. We also suggest that clock time can be transcended when considering unconscious processes and experiences that resist narrative. Recontextualising research materials can enrich meaning and further realise the value of qualitative interviews that always contain more to be heard, resituated in new times and relationships. This is not simply an exercise in nostalgia but is offered as a method in its own right, reanimation as a route to the generation of new intergenerational knowledge of a thick present in which past, present and future co-exist.
{"title":"A Sad Story? Time, Interpretation and Feeling in Biographical Methods","authors":"R. Thomson, R. Owens, Peter Redman, Rebecca Webb","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2022.2153105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2022.2153105","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What do we do with emotion in biographical research: is it an end in itself, a symptom to be explained, a thread to be pulled? This paper presents an experiment in methodology within a field of biographical methods that involved revisiting a single qualitative interview after the elapse of thirty years. The interview with 22 year old Stacey was troubling at the time it was generated (as captured in fieldnotes and interview transcript) and was still troubling when these documents were reprised. Naming sadness as an emotion at play in the material took teamwork and emotionally engaged methods of analysis and interpretation. Working with psychoanalytically informed theories we show how a curiosity about emotion and a willingness to follow feelings can help connect individual stories to collective histories. The paper presents group based analyses and writing methods as a way of tracing the psychic logics of story through scenic material (what we call ‘emotional bombshells’). We consider the difference that time might make to an analysis, considering the possibility that more time might produce more perspective through allowing the original context to be rendered (more) visible. We also suggest that clock time can be transcended when considering unconscious processes and experiences that resist narrative. Recontextualising research materials can enrich meaning and further realise the value of qualitative interviews that always contain more to be heard, resituated in new times and relationships. This is not simply an exercise in nostalgia but is offered as a method in its own right, reanimation as a route to the generation of new intergenerational knowledge of a thick present in which past, present and future co-exist.","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"260 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44228151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2022.2119938
N. Cann
ABSTRACT Historically sleep was considered a passive activity, but research now strongly suggests that it is a time of neurological growth, where memories and skills are consolidated (Fallone et al., 2002). Good sleep is thought to influence cognitive, physical and emotional performance, and aid in effective emotional regulation (Alfano & Gamble, 2009). Whilst sleep problems are relatively common amongst children and adolescents, with estimates varying between 11% and 47% (Russo et al., 2007), they are significantly more common in those with Autism (30% to 80%, Goldman et al. 2012; Hirata et al. 2016; Krakowiak et al. 2008). Research also suggests that without intervention these problems are likely to persist (Goldman et al. 2012; Hodge et al. 2013). Emerging research finds that autistic children and adolescents experience specific sleep difficulties that are unique to this group. As research on the etiology of sleep problems in autism develops we are refining our approaches to intervention to more effectively meet the needs of these children and young people and their families. This article summarises current research into the specific sleep needs of this group. It also considers the multifactorial etiology of sleep problems for this group, and evidence based interventions to date. The author argues that through increased awareness, professionals can do much to ameliorate challenges related to sleep, and improve family functioning and quality of life.
历史上，睡眠被认为是一种被动的活动，但现在的研究强烈表明，睡眠是神经发育的时期，记忆和技能在此得到巩固(Fallone et al.， 2002)。良好的睡眠被认为可以影响认知、身体和情绪表现，并有助于有效的情绪调节(Alfano & Gamble, 2009)。虽然睡眠问题在儿童和青少年中相对普遍，估计在11%到47%之间(Russo et al.， 2007)，但在自闭症患者中更为常见(30%到80%，Goldman et al. 2012;Hirata et al. 2016;Krakowiak et al. 2008)。研究还表明，如果不进行干预，这些问题可能会持续存在(Goldman et al. 2012;Hodge et al. 2013)。最新的研究发现，自闭症儿童和青少年经历了这一群体独有的特殊睡眠困难。随着对自闭症患者睡眠问题病因学研究的深入，我们正在改进我们的干预方法，以更有效地满足这些儿童、年轻人及其家庭的需求。本文总结了目前对这一群体特定睡眠需求的研究。它还考虑了这一群体睡眠问题的多因素病因学，以及迄今为止基于证据的干预措施。作者认为，通过提高意识，专业人士可以做很多事情来改善与睡眠有关的挑战，改善家庭功能和生活质量。
{"title":"Getting a Good Night’s Sleep: Sleep Problems, Their Etiology, and Potential Interventions for Children and Adolescents with Autism","authors":"N. Cann","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2022.2119938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2022.2119938","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Historically sleep was considered a passive activity, but research now strongly suggests that it is a time of neurological growth, where memories and skills are consolidated (Fallone et al., 2002). Good sleep is thought to influence cognitive, physical and emotional performance, and aid in effective emotional regulation (Alfano & Gamble, 2009). Whilst sleep problems are relatively common amongst children and adolescents, with estimates varying between 11% and 47% (Russo et al., 2007), they are significantly more common in those with Autism (30% to 80%, Goldman et al. 2012; Hirata et al. 2016; Krakowiak et al. 2008). Research also suggests that without intervention these problems are likely to persist (Goldman et al. 2012; Hodge et al. 2013). Emerging research finds that autistic children and adolescents experience specific sleep difficulties that are unique to this group. As research on the etiology of sleep problems in autism develops we are refining our approaches to intervention to more effectively meet the needs of these children and young people and their families. This article summarises current research into the specific sleep needs of this group. It also considers the multifactorial etiology of sleep problems for this group, and evidence based interventions to date. The author argues that through increased awareness, professionals can do much to ameliorate challenges related to sleep, and improve family functioning and quality of life.","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"22 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47445660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2022.2126437
G. Williams, Jill Corbyn, Angie Hart
ABSTRACT Poor mental health—compared to that of the neurotypical child population—is a serious concern for many autistic children and young people around the world. In the UK, we have an increasing number of autistic young people receiving care in NHS funded in-patient mental health facilities. While sensory processing differences have now been added to international diagnostic criteria for autism, recent autistic-led and co-produced, practice-based research commissioned by the Children and Young People’s Mental Health Taskforce and delivered by National Development Team for Inclusion has identified that knowledge of autistic sensory differences and needs is institutionally absent. In particular, the sensory environments of NHS England-funded in-patient facilities were found to present sometimes extreme challenges for autistic young people that at best hinder wellbeing and at worst exacerbate existing mental health problems: instigating a cycle of progressing upwards through increasingly restrictive settings for some. This paper shares some of this learning, gained from the consultation with young autistic people who have experience of inpatient services and autistic Experts by Experience working on novel sensory ward environment reviews. We first introduce the framing of autism as primarily shaped by sensory and social processing differences and outline the significance of this perspective for the in-patient care of autistic young people and children. We then provide an overview of the current sensory challenges that exist in inpatient mental health facilities for autistic children and young people. Finally, we conclude with some suggestions for areas of future research around the impact of adapting ward environments, that have promise for broader and international settings.
{"title":"Improving the Sensory Environments of Mental Health in-patient Facilities for Autistic Children and Young People","authors":"G. Williams, Jill Corbyn, Angie Hart","doi":"10.1080/13575279.2022.2126437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13575279.2022.2126437","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Poor mental health—compared to that of the neurotypical child population—is a serious concern for many autistic children and young people around the world. In the UK, we have an increasing number of autistic young people receiving care in NHS funded in-patient mental health facilities. While sensory processing differences have now been added to international diagnostic criteria for autism, recent autistic-led and co-produced, practice-based research commissioned by the Children and Young People’s Mental Health Taskforce and delivered by National Development Team for Inclusion has identified that knowledge of autistic sensory differences and needs is institutionally absent. In particular, the sensory environments of NHS England-funded in-patient facilities were found to present sometimes extreme challenges for autistic young people that at best hinder wellbeing and at worst exacerbate existing mental health problems: instigating a cycle of progressing upwards through increasingly restrictive settings for some. This paper shares some of this learning, gained from the consultation with young autistic people who have experience of inpatient services and autistic Experts by Experience working on novel sensory ward environment reviews. We first introduce the framing of autism as primarily shaped by sensory and social processing differences and outline the significance of this perspective for the in-patient care of autistic young people and children. We then provide an overview of the current sensory challenges that exist in inpatient mental health facilities for autistic children and young people. Finally, we conclude with some suggestions for areas of future research around the impact of adapting ward environments, that have promise for broader and international settings.","PeriodicalId":35141,"journal":{"name":"Child Care in Practice","volume":"29 1","pages":"35 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44261676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2022.2119939
A. Westaway
ABSTRACT Autistic children may have increased healthcare requirements as well as a range of communication difficulties and needs. However, there are reports in the literature that their healthcare experiences are not always satisfactory. Using qualitative research methodology and content analysis, this study aimed to investigate parents’ experiences of the ways in which healthcare professionals communicate and interact with autistic children and identifies the different communicative styles that parents consider to be successful or unsuccessful. Parents also describe these styles in terms of the impact that they have on children and also on parents themselves. These findings are discussed in relation to the existing literature around communication in healthcare, with recommendations for how parental experiences can be used to inform future healthcare practice for autistic children.
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Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13575279.2023.2165301
E. Shaffer-Hudkins, Henry Wood-Downie, Jason Hangauer
This special edition of Child Care in Practice presents a range of articles that consider how the wellbeing of children on the autism spectrum can be promoted. This is considered from different perspectives and in different settings, including in education and healthcare. A consistent theme is the importance of environmental factors and adaptations that can be made at this level to promote wellbeing, as well as interventions that more directly focus on the individual child. The first two papers in this special edition address important and commonly co-occurring issues associated with autism. In the first paper, Donaghy et al. (2022) present a narrative review of co-occurring physical health issues associated within neurodivergent populations, including Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Joint hypermobility syndrome, pain, and gastro-intestinal problems. The authors discuss the impact such conditions can have on the educational experiences of children on the autism spectrum, as well as barriers to obtaining appropriate support. The paper provides recommendations for key stakeholders to support such health issues, such as making environmental adaptations (e.g. to accommodate sensory processing differences), interoceptive training for the young people with health conditions, and the need for better awareness of co-occurring health issues for those that support these young people. In the second paper, Dr Nicola Cann (2022) discusses sleep problems in autism, including their aetiology and interventions to address such issues in children and adolescents on the autism spectrum. The author highlights the high prevalence of sleep issues in autism and the impact on quality of life this can have. Sleep issues are also linked to core aspects of difference in autism, such as social relationships and repetitive behaviours, as well as anxiety. The paper concludes that adopting a person-centred and multi-disciplinary approach is essential when working with autistic children and adolescents with sleep issues. The third and fourth papers identify contemporary recommendations for supporting neurodiversity both in medical settings, related to sensory processing challenges individuals with autism may experience, as well as discussing broader implications of supporting neurodiversity for individuals with autism. In the third paper (Williams et al., 2022), one author describes first-hand experience as an autistic individual receiving inpatient mental health services as an adolescent, while another is an adoptive parent of children with complex needs as well as a licensed psychotherapist specializing in children and family issues. The paper also discusses differences between traditional person-first terminology and identity-first language utilized throughout the paper, as does the fourth paper, through a contemporary lens. Through qualitative research methodology, the authors detail aspects of inpatient hospital stays that can be particularly aversive for autistic individuals from
本期《实践中的儿童护理》特别版提供了一系列关于如何促进自闭症儿童福祉的文章。这是从不同的角度和在不同的环境中考虑的，包括在教育和保健方面。一个一致的主题是环境因素和适应的重要性，可以在这个层面上促进福祉，以及更直接地关注儿童个体的干预措施。本特别版的前两篇论文讨论了与自闭症相关的重要和常见的问题。在第一篇论文中，Donaghy等人(2022)对神经分化人群中共同发生的身体健康问题进行了叙述性回顾，包括Ehlers-Danlos综合征、关节过度活动综合征、疼痛和胃肠道问题。作者讨论了这些条件可能对自闭症儿童的教育经历产生的影响，以及获得适当支持的障碍。该文件为主要利益攸关方提供了支持此类健康问题的建议，例如进行环境适应(例如，适应感觉处理差异)，对有健康状况的年轻人进行内感受性培训，以及需要更好地认识支持这些年轻人的人同时发生的健康问题。在第二篇论文中，Nicola Cann博士(2022)讨论了自闭症患者的睡眠问题，包括其病因和干预措施，以解决自闭症儿童和青少年的这些问题。作者强调了自闭症患者普遍存在的睡眠问题及其对生活质量的影响。睡眠问题也与自闭症的核心差异有关，比如社会关系、重复行为以及焦虑。该论文的结论是，在治疗有睡眠问题的自闭症儿童和青少年时，采用以人为本和多学科的方法是必不可少的。第三篇和第四篇论文确定了在医疗环境中支持神经多样性的当代建议，这些建议与自闭症患者可能遇到的感觉处理挑战有关，并讨论了支持自闭症患者神经多样性的更广泛含义。在第三篇论文中(Williams et al.， 2022)，一位作者描述了作为一名自闭症患者在青少年时期接受住院心理健康服务的第一手经验，而另一位作者是有复杂需求的儿童的养父母，也是一名专门研究儿童和家庭问题的有执照的心理治疗师。本文还讨论了传统的个人第一术语和身份第一语言之间的差异，贯穿全文，第四篇论文也是如此，通过当代的视角。通过定性研究方法，作者从感官角度详细介绍了住院患者对自闭症患者特别反感的方面，并确定了可能降低自闭症患者压力水平的住宿和解决方案。第四篇论文(Izuno-Garcia et al.， 2022)讨论了一些自闭症自我倡导者从个人优先到识别优先语言的神经多样性运动，以及这种范式转变的原因。此外，本文还从自闭症个体和家庭的角度详细介绍了在诊断评估过程中的促进因素和障碍，向青少年披露诊断，以及最近关于儿童或儿童接受诊断后成年生活质量的研究
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