Pub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-71
A. Bakhtari, S. Gavanji
Abstract Anthrax toxin released by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, plays key factor in anthrax disease. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between four flavonoid ligands including Rhamnetin, Apigenin, Tectochrysin, Pinocembrin and protective antigens. Bioinformatics checking was done by means of Molegro virtual docker and Chimera 1.7. Also, in order for more accuracy, servers like Swiss Dock and BSP-SLIM, and all outputs obtained from this software were compared with each other. The results demonstrated that Apigenin interacted with the Glu117 which is crucial part of binding to its ligand with -12.3453 kca/mol. Also, the highest Fullfitness among these four ligands attributed to Rhamnetin with -994.80 kcal/mol and the ΔG =-7.06 kcal/mol. Results demonstrated that every four ligands possessed interaction with protective antigen and so have inhibitory effect on its interaction with cell membranes but the inhibitory activity of Apigenin and Rhamnetin in interaction is stronger than others flavonoids. Results shown above bring up laboratory studies based on these flavonoids in order to produce an efficacious drug against anthrax.
{"title":"IN-SILICO DOCKING ANALYSIS OF SELECTED FLAVONOIDS AND PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN","authors":"A. Bakhtari, S. Gavanji","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-71","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Anthrax toxin released by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, plays key factor in anthrax disease. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between four flavonoid ligands including Rhamnetin, Apigenin, Tectochrysin, Pinocembrin and protective antigens. Bioinformatics checking was done by means of Molegro virtual docker and Chimera 1.7. Also, in order for more accuracy, servers like Swiss Dock and BSP-SLIM, and all outputs obtained from this software were compared with each other. The results demonstrated that Apigenin interacted with the Glu117 which is crucial part of binding to its ligand with -12.3453 kca/mol. Also, the highest Fullfitness among these four ligands attributed to Rhamnetin with -994.80 kcal/mol and the ΔG =-7.06 kcal/mol. Results demonstrated that every four ligands possessed interaction with protective antigen and so have inhibitory effect on its interaction with cell membranes but the inhibitory activity of Apigenin and Rhamnetin in interaction is stronger than others flavonoids. Results shown above bring up laboratory studies based on these flavonoids in order to produce an efficacious drug against anthrax.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-119
T. Absoian, M. Hameed Alwan
Abstract Introduction: Aphthous stomatitis is a recurring oral ulceration condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. While several factors have been proposed to contribute to its occurrence, the link between caffeine consumption, anxiety levels, and the development of aphthous stomatitis remains unknown. This survey-based study aimed to understand the association between coffee, anxiety, and the development of aphthous stomatitis in this specific demographic, which can provide useful insights for medical management as well as preventive strategies. Material and methods: A structured online questionnaire was distributed via various social media platforms targeting a sample of the Armenian population. The questionnaire collected information on participants’ demographics, coffee use patterns, anxiety levels as measured by perceived stress scales, and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis. Statistical analyses, including Kendall’s tau, were carried out to investigate the relationships. Results: The results revealed a significant negative association between caffeine consumption and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis among Armenian individuals Kendall’s tau-b (τb) correlation - 240* (p<0.05). Participants who reported regular caffeine consumption, such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks, had a lesser prevalence of aphthous stomatitis than non-consumers. Furthermore, Armenians in the survey showed that the majority (83.5%) had a low to moderate stress level. Conclusion: The data we collected in our research indicate that the prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the Armenian ethnicity was infrequent; over half of the participants didn’t report Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the past 12 months. Which may correlate to their caffeine consumption habits, which can lead to stress reduction.
摘要 简介：阿弗他口腔炎是一种反复发作的口腔溃疡，影响着相当一部分人。虽然有多种因素被认为是导致口腔溃疡发生的原因，但咖啡因摄入量、焦虑水平与口腔溃疡发生之间的联系仍不为人所知。这项基于调查的研究旨在了解咖啡、焦虑和口腔炎在这一特定人群中的发病率之间的关系，从而为医疗管理和预防策略提供有用的见解。材料与方法通过各种社交媒体平台针对亚美尼亚人口样本分发了一份结构化在线问卷。问卷收集了参与者的人口统计数据、咖啡使用模式、通过感知压力量表测量的焦虑水平以及口腔炎发生情况等信息。为了研究这些关系，我们进行了包括 Kendall's tau 在内的统计分析。结果显示结果显示，在亚美尼亚人中，咖啡因摄入量与口腔炎发生率之间存在明显的负相关关系，Kendall's tau-b（τb）相关系数为-240*（P<0.05）。报告经常饮用咖啡因（如咖啡、茶和能量饮料）的参与者的口腔炎发病率低于不饮用者。此外，调查显示，大多数亚美尼亚人（83.5%）的压力处于中低水平。结论我们在研究中收集的数据表明，复发性阿弗他口腔炎在亚美尼亚族中的发病率并不高，超过一半的参与者在过去 12 个月中没有报告过复发性阿弗他口腔炎。这可能与他们饮用咖啡因的习惯有关，而咖啡因可以减轻压力。
{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CAFFEINE, ANXIETY AND THE OCCURRENCE OF APHTHOUS STOMATITIS IN THE ARMENIAN ETHNICITY","authors":"T. Absoian, M. Hameed Alwan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Aphthous stomatitis is a recurring oral ulceration condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. While several factors have been proposed to contribute to its occurrence, the link between caffeine consumption, anxiety levels, and the development of aphthous stomatitis remains unknown. This survey-based study aimed to understand the association between coffee, anxiety, and the development of aphthous stomatitis in this specific demographic, which can provide useful insights for medical management as well as preventive strategies. Material and methods: A structured online questionnaire was distributed via various social media platforms targeting a sample of the Armenian population. The questionnaire collected information on participants’ demographics, coffee use patterns, anxiety levels as measured by perceived stress scales, and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis. Statistical analyses, including Kendall’s tau, were carried out to investigate the relationships. Results: The results revealed a significant negative association between caffeine consumption and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis among Armenian individuals Kendall’s tau-b (τb) correlation - 240* (p<0.05). Participants who reported regular caffeine consumption, such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks, had a lesser prevalence of aphthous stomatitis than non-consumers. Furthermore, Armenians in the survey showed that the majority (83.5%) had a low to moderate stress level. Conclusion: The data we collected in our research indicate that the prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the Armenian ethnicity was infrequent; over half of the participants didn’t report Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the past 12 months. Which may correlate to their caffeine consumption habits, which can lead to stress reduction.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-77
P. Kheradmand
Abstract Background: The prognosis of cancer is affected by factors such as lymph node involvement, the degree of tumor invasion, and markers like caudal type homeobox 2. This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of caudal type homeobox 2 in gastric cancer adenocarcinoma biopsies concerning gastric cancer prognostic factors. Material and methods: Tissue blocks from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were used in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinicopathological data were extracted and recorded on a checklist from patients’ pathology reports. The expression of caudal type homeobox 2 was subsequently examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: In total, 80 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included, where 22 were female (27.5%). Caudal type homeobox 2 expression was reported as positive in 68 cases (85%) and negative in 12 cases (15%) of gastric adenocarcinoma biopsies. No significant correlation (p>0.05) was found between caudal type homeobox 2 expression and demographic and clinicopathological data, such as age, gender, and tumor grade (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that age, gender, and tumor grade are unreliable prognostic factors for Iranian patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
{"title":"CAUDAL TYPE HOMEOBOX 2 EXPRESSION AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA","authors":"P. Kheradmand","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-77","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: The prognosis of cancer is affected by factors such as lymph node involvement, the degree of tumor invasion, and markers like caudal type homeobox 2. This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of caudal type homeobox 2 in gastric cancer adenocarcinoma biopsies concerning gastric cancer prognostic factors. Material and methods: Tissue blocks from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were used in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinicopathological data were extracted and recorded on a checklist from patients’ pathology reports. The expression of caudal type homeobox 2 was subsequently examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: In total, 80 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included, where 22 were female (27.5%). Caudal type homeobox 2 expression was reported as positive in 68 cases (85%) and negative in 12 cases (15%) of gastric adenocarcinoma biopsies. No significant correlation (p>0.05) was found between caudal type homeobox 2 expression and demographic and clinicopathological data, such as age, gender, and tumor grade (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that age, gender, and tumor grade are unreliable prognostic factors for Iranian patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139342606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-36
H. Soleimantabar, S. Sabouri, K. Shirbandi
Abstract Introduction: An aberrant right subclavian artery with a normal-sided left aortic arch is the most common congenital anomaly of the aorta. This study aims to determine the risk of cardiac anomalies associated with aberrant right subclavian artery in relation to aortic arch anomalies among pediatric patients. Material and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between 2008 and 2011. Patients with either clinical or echocardiographic findings of congenital heart disease were referred for complementary evaluation with computed tomography angiography. Results: Finally, 203 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of an aberrant right subclavian artery was presented in 24 patients (11.8%). Moreover, the most common aortic arch anomaly was coarctation 40 (19.7%). The only double outlet right ventricle cardiac abnormality was associated with a higher risk of an aberrant right subclavian artery (relative risk, 1.192; 95% CI, 0.179 – 7.95) relative to other aortic arch anomalies. Discussion: In conclusion, this study showed that the incidence of aberrant right subclavian artery in an extensive series of Aortic Arch Anomalies had been performed (11.8%). Furthermore, pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, aortic coarctation, cervical arch, aortic interruption, tubular hypoplasia, and pulmonary sling were significantly higher in the aberrant right subclavian artery group in contrast with Other Aortic Arch Anomalies. However, just double outlet right ventricle was associated with a higher risk of aberrant right subclavian artery.
{"title":"RISK OF CARDIAC ANOMALIES IN ABERRANT RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY RELATIVE AORTIC ARCH ANOMALIES FOR PEDIATRICS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY","authors":"H. Soleimantabar, S. Sabouri, K. Shirbandi","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-36","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: An aberrant right subclavian artery with a normal-sided left aortic arch is the most common congenital anomaly of the aorta. This study aims to determine the risk of cardiac anomalies associated with aberrant right subclavian artery in relation to aortic arch anomalies among pediatric patients. Material and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between 2008 and 2011. Patients with either clinical or echocardiographic findings of congenital heart disease were referred for complementary evaluation with computed tomography angiography. Results: Finally, 203 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of an aberrant right subclavian artery was presented in 24 patients (11.8%). Moreover, the most common aortic arch anomaly was coarctation 40 (19.7%). The only double outlet right ventricle cardiac abnormality was associated with a higher risk of an aberrant right subclavian artery (relative risk, 1.192; 95% CI, 0.179 – 7.95) relative to other aortic arch anomalies. Discussion: In conclusion, this study showed that the incidence of aberrant right subclavian artery in an extensive series of Aortic Arch Anomalies had been performed (11.8%). Furthermore, pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, aortic coarctation, cervical arch, aortic interruption, tubular hypoplasia, and pulmonary sling were significantly higher in the aberrant right subclavian artery group in contrast with Other Aortic Arch Anomalies. However, just double outlet right ventricle was associated with a higher risk of aberrant right subclavian artery.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139349621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-42
M. Abbaspour
Abstract Introduction: Postmenopausal women with atrophic vaginitis had thinner epithelium, a lower vaginal maturation index, and higher vaginal pH. We chose phytoestrogens as an alternate treatment for atrophic vaginitis because of the potentially substantial side effects of long-term hormone replacement therapy use documented in a large prospective trial. Materials and methods: In this research, Flax Seed, Foeniculum Vulgare, and Salvia officinalis were chosen as plants containing phytoestrogen. Three vaginal cream formulations (F1-F3) were prepared in this study. The physicochemical properties and stability of a vaginal lotion containing well-known phytoestrogen plants are investigated. This study evaluates Linum usitatissimum, Foeniculum vulgare seeds, and Salvia officinalis extract. Physical examination, stability, continuity, active ingredient release, and challenge test were the four key criteria for product evaluation. Results: The release test revealed that extracts from formulation 2 and formulation 3 were slower to release than formulation1. It is owing to F1’s decreased viscosity and F2 and F3’s higher hydrophilic properties. The polyethylene glycol in formulations F2 and F3 may increase the hydrophilicity of the formulation, resulting in a stronger inclination of hydrophilic flavonoid extracts to the base and a decrease in extract liberation from the formulation. The w/o nature of the formulations allows them to lubricate or moisturize the vaginal epithelium, reducing Atrophic vaginitis symptoms. Conclusion: Formulation 1 may be a viable alternative to the current treatments for atrophic vaginitis. To determine the efficacy of this herbal vaginal cream in treating the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis, however, additional scientific studies are necessary.
{"title":"FORMULATION OF VAGINAL CREAM CONTAINING EXTRACTS OF LINUM USITATISSIMUM, FOENICULUM VULGARE, AND SALVIA OFFICINALIS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ATROPHIC VAGINITIS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL","authors":"M. Abbaspour","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-42","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Postmenopausal women with atrophic vaginitis had thinner epithelium, a lower vaginal maturation index, and higher vaginal pH. We chose phytoestrogens as an alternate treatment for atrophic vaginitis because of the potentially substantial side effects of long-term hormone replacement therapy use documented in a large prospective trial. Materials and methods: In this research, Flax Seed, Foeniculum Vulgare, and Salvia officinalis were chosen as plants containing phytoestrogen. Three vaginal cream formulations (F1-F3) were prepared in this study. The physicochemical properties and stability of a vaginal lotion containing well-known phytoestrogen plants are investigated. This study evaluates Linum usitatissimum, Foeniculum vulgare seeds, and Salvia officinalis extract. Physical examination, stability, continuity, active ingredient release, and challenge test were the four key criteria for product evaluation. Results: The release test revealed that extracts from formulation 2 and formulation 3 were slower to release than formulation1. It is owing to F1’s decreased viscosity and F2 and F3’s higher hydrophilic properties. The polyethylene glycol in formulations F2 and F3 may increase the hydrophilicity of the formulation, resulting in a stronger inclination of hydrophilic flavonoid extracts to the base and a decrease in extract liberation from the formulation. The w/o nature of the formulations allows them to lubricate or moisturize the vaginal epithelium, reducing Atrophic vaginitis symptoms. Conclusion: Formulation 1 may be a viable alternative to the current treatments for atrophic vaginitis. To determine the efficacy of this herbal vaginal cream in treating the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis, however, additional scientific studies are necessary.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-4
S. Avagyan, A. Zilfyan, A. Muradyan
Abstract Aliphatic polyamines (putrescin, spermidine, spermine and cadaverine) play an important role in the induction of neoplastic processes leading to cell malignancy. In malignantly transformed cells, a high level of aliphatic polyamines has been observed, which ensures their steady anaplastic growth. This is precisely why elevated levels of the aforementioned polyamines are considered as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for a wide range of oncological diseases. In several developed countries, cancer patients are advised to follow a low-polyamine diet, including specifically those food products that are identified in the general nutrient registry as having low levels of aliphatic polyamines. However, when recommending such a diet, many researchers did not pay attention to the fact that in different food products, the ratio of polyamine levels often varies within very wide limits. Therefore, as some researchers report a polyamine-deficient diet prescribed to cancer patients is not always effective. We analyzed various literary sources and identified products that do not contain polyamines or contain them in very low quantities. Based on the analysis of available literary data, when patients are admitted to oncology clinics, along with generally accepted laboratory diagnostic criteria, it is necessary to include diagnostic indicators for determining the levels of aliphatic polyamines in erythrocytes and blood plasma, including putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and cadaverine. Due to this approach, oncologists and nutritionists may have a real opportunity to prescribe a selective polyamine-deficient diet. For patients with advanced cancer, we recommend the use of a polyamine-free diet instead of a polyamine-deficient one.
{"title":"SELECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF POLYAMINE-DEFICIENT AND POLYAMINE-FREE DIETS TO CANCER PATIENTS","authors":"S. Avagyan, A. Zilfyan, A. Muradyan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aliphatic polyamines (putrescin, spermidine, spermine and cadaverine) play an important role in the induction of neoplastic processes leading to cell malignancy. In malignantly transformed cells, a high level of aliphatic polyamines has been observed, which ensures their steady anaplastic growth. This is precisely why elevated levels of the aforementioned polyamines are considered as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for a wide range of oncological diseases. In several developed countries, cancer patients are advised to follow a low-polyamine diet, including specifically those food products that are identified in the general nutrient registry as having low levels of aliphatic polyamines. However, when recommending such a diet, many researchers did not pay attention to the fact that in different food products, the ratio of polyamine levels often varies within very wide limits. Therefore, as some researchers report a polyamine-deficient diet prescribed to cancer patients is not always effective. We analyzed various literary sources and identified products that do not contain polyamines or contain them in very low quantities. Based on the analysis of available literary data, when patients are admitted to oncology clinics, along with generally accepted laboratory diagnostic criteria, it is necessary to include diagnostic indicators for determining the levels of aliphatic polyamines in erythrocytes and blood plasma, including putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and cadaverine. Due to this approach, oncologists and nutritionists may have a real opportunity to prescribe a selective polyamine-deficient diet. For patients with advanced cancer, we recommend the use of a polyamine-free diet instead of a polyamine-deficient one.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-31
A. Saduakas, K. Kurakbayev, A.A. Baubekov
Abstract Introduction: Recent retrospective cohort study demonstrated the benefit of duplex scanning in the examination of the extracranial carotid artery pathologies for preventing cerebrovascular disorders. The aim of this study: was to evaluate the clinical and demographical characteristics and outcome in patients treated at National Scientific Center of Surgery, after detecting extracranial carotid artery stenosis ≥70%. Material and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted; 204 patients were included. Results: The most significant risk factors were: ischemic heart diseases – 95.6%, arterial hypertension – 80.1%, chronic heart failure – 83.8%, cholesterol level above the norm of 5.2 mmol/L-39.2%; 30.4% of patients had a history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. There were a significant statistically difference between the prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis depending on the risk factors (blood cholesterol levels, a clinical history of chronic heart failure, and acute cerebrovascular diseases p=0.048, p=0.003, p=0.048 respectively (p>0.05)). Conclusion: In summary, we conclude that surgery should be considered, and duplex ultrasound plays a crucial role in assessing the severity of carotid stenosis in atherothrombotic stroke patients with severe external carotid stenosis. These data indicate that physicians, should be aware of the usefulness of carotid duplex ultrasound scanning in stratifying the risk of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases based on various aspects.
{"title":"THE BENEFITS OF DUPLEX SCANNING OF EXTRACRANIAL CAROTID PATHOLOGIES FOR RISK STRATIFICATION OF ISCHEMIC STROKE","authors":"A. Saduakas, K. Kurakbayev, A.A. Baubekov","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Recent retrospective cohort study demonstrated the benefit of duplex scanning in the examination of the extracranial carotid artery pathologies for preventing cerebrovascular disorders. The aim of this study: was to evaluate the clinical and demographical characteristics and outcome in patients treated at National Scientific Center of Surgery, after detecting extracranial carotid artery stenosis ≥70%. Material and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted; 204 patients were included. Results: The most significant risk factors were: ischemic heart diseases – 95.6%, arterial hypertension – 80.1%, chronic heart failure – 83.8%, cholesterol level above the norm of 5.2 mmol/L-39.2%; 30.4% of patients had a history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. There were a significant statistically difference between the prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis depending on the risk factors (blood cholesterol levels, a clinical history of chronic heart failure, and acute cerebrovascular diseases p=0.048, p=0.003, p=0.048 respectively (p>0.05)). Conclusion: In summary, we conclude that surgery should be considered, and duplex ultrasound plays a crucial role in assessing the severity of carotid stenosis in atherothrombotic stroke patients with severe external carotid stenosis. These data indicate that physicians, should be aware of the usefulness of carotid duplex ultrasound scanning in stratifying the risk of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases based on various aspects.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-66
A. K. Martusevich, L. Kovaleva
Abstract Biological effects of nitric oxide are multiply, including vasoactive activity, participation in neurotransmission and intercellular communication etc. These effects are associated with endogenous releasing of nitric oxide, but influence of exogenous administration of this substance does not study in details. In particular, systemic action of nitric oxide inhalations is not so clear. The aim of this work was the investigation of nitric oxide inhalations action on some parameters of energy and oxidative metabolism of healthy rat blood. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (without any manipulations; n=10) and main group (n=10) with inhalations by nitric oxide-containing gas flow (20 ppm). Lactate dehydrogenase and lactate level were estimated in rat blood samples. In addition, we calculated a number of integral coefficients of energy metabolism, such as substrate provision coefficient and coefficient of energy reactions balance. Our experiments demonstrate that 10-days course of inhalations of low nitric oxide doses (20 ppm) increases the adaptive potential of healthy rats’ organism. One of these positive effects is associated with activation of some components of energy metabolism. First of all, it realized through stimulation of catalytic activity of lactate dehydrogenase, including its erythrocyte pool. Observed metabolic effect provides the basis for pathogenic correction of diseases, associated with hypoxia, oxidative stress and energy deficiency.
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE ENERGY METABOLISM UNDER INHALATIONS OF NITRIC OXIDE","authors":"A. K. Martusevich, L. Kovaleva","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-66","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biological effects of nitric oxide are multiply, including vasoactive activity, participation in neurotransmission and intercellular communication etc. These effects are associated with endogenous releasing of nitric oxide, but influence of exogenous administration of this substance does not study in details. In particular, systemic action of nitric oxide inhalations is not so clear. The aim of this work was the investigation of nitric oxide inhalations action on some parameters of energy and oxidative metabolism of healthy rat blood. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (without any manipulations; n=10) and main group (n=10) with inhalations by nitric oxide-containing gas flow (20 ppm). Lactate dehydrogenase and lactate level were estimated in rat blood samples. In addition, we calculated a number of integral coefficients of energy metabolism, such as substrate provision coefficient and coefficient of energy reactions balance. Our experiments demonstrate that 10-days course of inhalations of low nitric oxide doses (20 ppm) increases the adaptive potential of healthy rats’ organism. One of these positive effects is associated with activation of some components of energy metabolism. First of all, it realized through stimulation of catalytic activity of lactate dehydrogenase, including its erythrocyte pool. Observed metabolic effect provides the basis for pathogenic correction of diseases, associated with hypoxia, oxidative stress and energy deficiency.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139353133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-09DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-98
F. Tkhruni, A. Israyelyan
Abstract This paper presents the comparative characteristics of the antimicrobial activity of selected lactic acid bacteria strains and antibiotics. The metabiotics of probiotic lactic acid bacteria inhibited the growth of pathogenic, conditionally pathogenic bacteria, different etiology antibiotic resistant bacteria such as Salmonella sp., E. coli, Proteus mirabilis Pasteurella spp., Clostridium sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus with different efficiency depending on pathogens isolation sources. It was shown that bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria in the same concentration did not affect growth of the commensal microbiota strains, belonging to different genera and species. Lactobacillus and Enterococcus genera showed high sensitivity to investigated antibiotics (about 70%). Among all studied LAB strains of Enterococcus genus, some strains were shown to synthesize polysaccharides. The antimicrobial activity of isolated polysaccharides from Enterococcus faecium К Э-14, Enterococcus faecium К Э-5, Enterococcus lactic acid bacteria. Sp. К Э-9, Enterococcus lactic acid bacteria sp. К Э-6 strains was investigated. It was found that only polysaccharides isolated from Enterococcus faecium К Э-14 and Enterococcus faecium К Э-5 strains show an antimicrobial effect. The Enterococcus faecium КЭ-5 (MDC 9662) lactic acid bacteria strain was selected which produce protein-like substances and disaccharide polymers with antimicrobial activity, consist of glucose and galactose. The growth suppression of different Kl. pneumonia and St. pneumonia strains causing pneumonia by antimicrobial preparations of lactic acid bacteria was shown. The highest antimicrobial activity (100%) was observed when the antimicrobial preparations obtained after cultivation of lactic acid bacteria strains of the Enterococcus genus. The activity depends on the source of isolation of pathogens from a patient. The selected strains can be recommended for the creation of probiotic preparations with targeted purposes.
摘要 本文介绍了所选乳酸菌菌株与抗生素抗菌活性的比较特性。益生乳酸菌的代谢物对致病菌、条件致病菌、不同病原的抗生素耐药菌如沙门氏菌属、大肠杆菌属、变形杆菌属、巴斯德氏菌属、梭状芽孢杆菌属、链球菌属、金黄色葡萄球菌属、志贺氏菌属、小肠结肠耶尔森菌属、蜡样芽孢杆菌属等的生长有抑制作用，抑制效率因病原体分离来源而异。研究表明，相同浓度的乳酸菌细菌素不会影响属于不同菌属和菌种的共生微生物群菌株的生长。乳酸菌属和肠球菌属对所研究的抗生素表现出较高的敏感性（约 70%）。在所有研究的肠球菌属 LAB 菌株中，有些菌株能合成多糖。从粪肠球菌 К Э-14、粪肠球菌 К Э-5、乳酸肠球菌 Enterococcus lactic acid bacteria.Sp.КЭ-9，乳酸肠球菌sp.К Э-6菌株进行了研究。研究发现，只有从粪肠球菌К Э-14和粪肠球菌К Э-5菌株中分离出的多糖具有抗菌作用。筛选出的粪肠球菌КЭ-5（MDC 9662）乳酸菌株能产生蛋白样物质和具有抗菌活性的双糖聚合物，由葡萄糖和半乳糖组成。结果表明，乳酸菌抗菌制剂能抑制引起肺炎的不同克氏肺炎菌株和圣肺炎菌株的生长。在培养肠球菌属乳酸菌菌株后获得的抗菌制剂的抗菌活性最高（100%）。抗菌活性取决于从患者体内分离病原体的来源。所选菌株可推荐用于制作有针对性的益生菌制剂。
{"title":"COMPARATIVE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME METABIOTICS SYNTHESIZED BY LACTIC ACID BACTERIA","authors":"F. Tkhruni, A. Israyelyan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-98","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents the comparative characteristics of the antimicrobial activity of selected lactic acid bacteria strains and antibiotics. The metabiotics of probiotic lactic acid bacteria inhibited the growth of pathogenic, conditionally pathogenic bacteria, different etiology antibiotic resistant bacteria such as Salmonella sp., E. coli, Proteus mirabilis Pasteurella spp., Clostridium sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella sp., Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus with different efficiency depending on pathogens isolation sources. It was shown that bacteriocins of lactic acid bacteria in the same concentration did not affect growth of the commensal microbiota strains, belonging to different genera and species. Lactobacillus and Enterococcus genera showed high sensitivity to investigated antibiotics (about 70%). Among all studied LAB strains of Enterococcus genus, some strains were shown to synthesize polysaccharides. The antimicrobial activity of isolated polysaccharides from Enterococcus faecium К Э-14, Enterococcus faecium К Э-5, Enterococcus lactic acid bacteria. Sp. К Э-9, Enterococcus lactic acid bacteria sp. К Э-6 strains was investigated. It was found that only polysaccharides isolated from Enterococcus faecium К Э-14 and Enterococcus faecium К Э-5 strains show an antimicrobial effect. The Enterococcus faecium КЭ-5 (MDC 9662) lactic acid bacteria strain was selected which produce protein-like substances and disaccharide polymers with antimicrobial activity, consist of glucose and galactose. The growth suppression of different Kl. pneumonia and St. pneumonia strains causing pneumonia by antimicrobial preparations of lactic acid bacteria was shown. The highest antimicrobial activity (100%) was observed when the antimicrobial preparations obtained after cultivation of lactic acid bacteria strains of the Enterococcus genus. The activity depends on the source of isolation of pathogens from a patient. The selected strains can be recommended for the creation of probiotic preparations with targeted purposes.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139361271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-17
K. Alshehri, N. Morsi
Abstract Introduction: Bullying at the workplace can be a source of stress that affects mental wellbeing. Mental well-being has been acknowledged as a significant factor that can impact the individual’s ability to cope with the moderate stresses of life to enhance their effective functioning to work productively, contribute to their workplace and profession, and realize their potential. Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between nurses’ exposure to workplace bullying and their mental well-being. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional and correlational design was utilized, and 328 nurses working in the first cluster of the Ministry of Health in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia participated in the present study. Data were collected using the Negative Act QuestionnaireRevised and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. Results: The results showed that workplace bullying was high and prevalent as more than two-thirds (70.7%) of the participants were sometimes or severely bullied. At the same time, 54% of the participants have average or poor mental well-being. Furthermore, there was a significant inverse correlation between workplace bullying and nurses’ mental well-being. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the need to solve this issue by rise nursing administration awareness and establishing educational programs for nurses in order to minimize the adverse effects of workplace bullying and foster a safe workplace climate for nurses.
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF WORKPLACE BULLYING ON NURSES’ MENTAL WELL-BEING IN SAUDI ARABIA","authors":"K. Alshehri, N. Morsi","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-17","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Bullying at the workplace can be a source of stress that affects mental wellbeing. Mental well-being has been acknowledged as a significant factor that can impact the individual’s ability to cope with the moderate stresses of life to enhance their effective functioning to work productively, contribute to their workplace and profession, and realize their potential. Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between nurses’ exposure to workplace bullying and their mental well-being. Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional and correlational design was utilized, and 328 nurses working in the first cluster of the Ministry of Health in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia participated in the present study. Data were collected using the Negative Act QuestionnaireRevised and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. Results: The results showed that workplace bullying was high and prevalent as more than two-thirds (70.7%) of the participants were sometimes or severely bullied. At the same time, 54% of the participants have average or poor mental well-being. Furthermore, there was a significant inverse correlation between workplace bullying and nurses’ mental well-being. Conclusion: The present study emphasizes the need to solve this issue by rise nursing administration awareness and establishing educational programs for nurses in order to minimize the adverse effects of workplace bullying and foster a safe workplace climate for nurses.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139361398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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