Pub Date : 2023-09-16DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-84
D. Darmadi
Abstract Hepatitis E is an RNA virus causing chronic diseases with detrimental effects, such as liver cancer and cirrhosis. Various biochemical tests exist for its diagnosis, but low sensitivity and cross-reactivity led the focus toward improved serological methods: immunoglobulin-based and enzyme immunodetection. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of improved enzyme immunodetection methods in hepatitis E virus laboratory diagnosis compared with other diagnostic methods. A systematic literature review was conducted over secondary source databases: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Springer, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. The study followed a Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist for conducting the systematic review. Abstracted and fulltext peer-reviewed articles were selected, published in English in 2015-2022. The study employed keywords and set publication dates to search for the most relevant articles. However, these studies were assessed using the risk of bias tools: the Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled design and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-randomized controlled design. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist was also used to assess the quality of the studies that cannot be assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After the selection, the data were synthesized using a qualitative approach to present the results. About 10 articles were identified, including randomized, cohort, qualitative, and diagnostic studies. They found the specificity of an immunoassay to achieve a significantly high specificity (98.3%) and sensitivity (89.5%) for immunoglobulin G-based hepatitis E virus detection. However, they reported that immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M detection in the suspected hepatitis E virus patients and exposed groups gave potential results for detecting hepatitis E virus. The method was found as efficient as can be designed as non-invasive and with low risks and challenges. The results showed that the improved enzyme immune-detective method can assist in providing a reliable, easily accessible, and error-free hepatitis E virus diagnostic method. Thus, future research must focus on exploiting these methods and strategies.
摘要 戊型肝炎是一种 RNA 病毒，可导致慢性疾病，如肝癌和肝硬化。目前有多种生化检验方法可用于诊断戊型肝炎，但灵敏度低且存在交叉反应，因此人们开始关注改进的血清学方法：基于免疫球蛋白的免疫检测和酶免疫检测。本研究旨在确定改进的酶免疫检测方法与其他诊断方法相比在戊型肝炎病毒实验室诊断中的有效性。本研究通过二级来源数据库进行了系统的文献综述：Google Scholar、Web of Science、Springer、ScienceDirect 和 PubMed。研究遵循系统综述和元分析首选报告项目清单进行系统综述。研究选取了 2015-2022 年间发表的经同行评审的英文文章摘要和全文。研究采用关键词和设定的发表日期来搜索最相关的文章。不过，这些研究均使用偏倚风险工具进行了评估：随机对照设计使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具，非随机对照设计使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表。对于无法使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估的研究，还使用了批判性评估技能计划检查表来评估其质量。筛选后，采用定性方法对数据进行综合，以呈现结果。最终确定了约 10 篇文章，包括随机研究、队列研究、定性研究和诊断研究。他们发现，基于免疫球蛋白 G 的戊型肝炎病毒检测中，免疫测定的特异性（98.3%）和灵敏度（89.5%）明显较高。不过，他们报告说，在戊型肝炎病毒疑似患者和暴露人群中检测免疫球蛋白 G 和免疫球蛋白 M 有可能检测出戊型肝炎病毒。研究发现，该方法可以设计为非侵入性、低风险和低挑战的高效方法。结果表明，改进后的酶免疫检测法有助于提供一种可靠、易用、无差错的戊型肝炎病毒诊断方法。因此，未来的研究必须侧重于利用这些方法和策略。
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT OF ENZYME IMMUNODETECTION IN THE LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATITIS E VIRUS","authors":"D. Darmadi","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-84","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hepatitis E is an RNA virus causing chronic diseases with detrimental effects, such as liver cancer and cirrhosis. Various biochemical tests exist for its diagnosis, but low sensitivity and cross-reactivity led the focus toward improved serological methods: immunoglobulin-based and enzyme immunodetection. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of improved enzyme immunodetection methods in hepatitis E virus laboratory diagnosis compared with other diagnostic methods. A systematic literature review was conducted over secondary source databases: Google Scholar, Web of Science, Springer, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. The study followed a Preferred Reporting of Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis checklist for conducting the systematic review. Abstracted and fulltext peer-reviewed articles were selected, published in English in 2015-2022. The study employed keywords and set publication dates to search for the most relevant articles. However, these studies were assessed using the risk of bias tools: the Cochrane Risk of Bias for randomized controlled design and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for non-randomized controlled design. Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist was also used to assess the quality of the studies that cannot be assessed by the Cochrane risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. After the selection, the data were synthesized using a qualitative approach to present the results. About 10 articles were identified, including randomized, cohort, qualitative, and diagnostic studies. They found the specificity of an immunoassay to achieve a significantly high specificity (98.3%) and sensitivity (89.5%) for immunoglobulin G-based hepatitis E virus detection. However, they reported that immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M detection in the suspected hepatitis E virus patients and exposed groups gave potential results for detecting hepatitis E virus. The method was found as efficient as can be designed as non-invasive and with low risks and challenges. The results showed that the improved enzyme immune-detective method can assist in providing a reliable, easily accessible, and error-free hepatitis E virus diagnostic method. Thus, future research must focus on exploiting these methods and strategies.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139339427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-09DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-71
A. Bakhtari, S. Gavanji
Abstract Anthrax toxin released by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, plays key factor in anthrax disease. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between four flavonoid ligands including Rhamnetin, Apigenin, Tectochrysin, Pinocembrin and protective antigens. Bioinformatics checking was done by means of Molegro virtual docker and Chimera 1.7. Also, in order for more accuracy, servers like Swiss Dock and BSP-SLIM, and all outputs obtained from this software were compared with each other. The results demonstrated that Apigenin interacted with the Glu117 which is crucial part of binding to its ligand with -12.3453 kca/mol. Also, the highest Fullfitness among these four ligands attributed to Rhamnetin with -994.80 kcal/mol and the ΔG =-7.06 kcal/mol. Results demonstrated that every four ligands possessed interaction with protective antigen and so have inhibitory effect on its interaction with cell membranes but the inhibitory activity of Apigenin and Rhamnetin in interaction is stronger than others flavonoids. Results shown above bring up laboratory studies based on these flavonoids in order to produce an efficacious drug against anthrax.
{"title":"IN-SILICO DOCKING ANALYSIS OF SELECTED FLAVONOIDS AND PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN","authors":"A. Bakhtari, S. Gavanji","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-71","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Anthrax toxin released by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis, plays key factor in anthrax disease. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction between four flavonoid ligands including Rhamnetin, Apigenin, Tectochrysin, Pinocembrin and protective antigens. Bioinformatics checking was done by means of Molegro virtual docker and Chimera 1.7. Also, in order for more accuracy, servers like Swiss Dock and BSP-SLIM, and all outputs obtained from this software were compared with each other. The results demonstrated that Apigenin interacted with the Glu117 which is crucial part of binding to its ligand with -12.3453 kca/mol. Also, the highest Fullfitness among these four ligands attributed to Rhamnetin with -994.80 kcal/mol and the ΔG =-7.06 kcal/mol. Results demonstrated that every four ligands possessed interaction with protective antigen and so have inhibitory effect on its interaction with cell membranes but the inhibitory activity of Apigenin and Rhamnetin in interaction is stronger than others flavonoids. Results shown above bring up laboratory studies based on these flavonoids in order to produce an efficacious drug against anthrax.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-119
T. Absoian, M. Hameed Alwan
Abstract Introduction: Aphthous stomatitis is a recurring oral ulceration condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. While several factors have been proposed to contribute to its occurrence, the link between caffeine consumption, anxiety levels, and the development of aphthous stomatitis remains unknown. This survey-based study aimed to understand the association between coffee, anxiety, and the development of aphthous stomatitis in this specific demographic, which can provide useful insights for medical management as well as preventive strategies. Material and methods: A structured online questionnaire was distributed via various social media platforms targeting a sample of the Armenian population. The questionnaire collected information on participants’ demographics, coffee use patterns, anxiety levels as measured by perceived stress scales, and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis. Statistical analyses, including Kendall’s tau, were carried out to investigate the relationships. Results: The results revealed a significant negative association between caffeine consumption and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis among Armenian individuals Kendall’s tau-b (τb) correlation - 240* (p<0.05). Participants who reported regular caffeine consumption, such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks, had a lesser prevalence of aphthous stomatitis than non-consumers. Furthermore, Armenians in the survey showed that the majority (83.5%) had a low to moderate stress level. Conclusion: The data we collected in our research indicate that the prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the Armenian ethnicity was infrequent; over half of the participants didn’t report Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the past 12 months. Which may correlate to their caffeine consumption habits, which can lead to stress reduction.
摘要 简介：阿弗他口腔炎是一种反复发作的口腔溃疡，影响着相当一部分人。虽然有多种因素被认为是导致口腔溃疡发生的原因，但咖啡因摄入量、焦虑水平与口腔溃疡发生之间的联系仍不为人所知。这项基于调查的研究旨在了解咖啡、焦虑和口腔炎在这一特定人群中的发病率之间的关系，从而为医疗管理和预防策略提供有用的见解。材料与方法通过各种社交媒体平台针对亚美尼亚人口样本分发了一份结构化在线问卷。问卷收集了参与者的人口统计数据、咖啡使用模式、通过感知压力量表测量的焦虑水平以及口腔炎发生情况等信息。为了研究这些关系，我们进行了包括 Kendall's tau 在内的统计分析。结果显示结果显示，在亚美尼亚人中，咖啡因摄入量与口腔炎发生率之间存在明显的负相关关系，Kendall's tau-b（τb）相关系数为-240*（P<0.05）。报告经常饮用咖啡因（如咖啡、茶和能量饮料）的参与者的口腔炎发病率低于不饮用者。此外，调查显示，大多数亚美尼亚人（83.5%）的压力处于中低水平。结论我们在研究中收集的数据表明，复发性阿弗他口腔炎在亚美尼亚族中的发病率并不高，超过一半的参与者在过去 12 个月中没有报告过复发性阿弗他口腔炎。这可能与他们饮用咖啡因的习惯有关，而咖啡因可以减轻压力。
{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CAFFEINE, ANXIETY AND THE OCCURRENCE OF APHTHOUS STOMATITIS IN THE ARMENIAN ETHNICITY","authors":"T. Absoian, M. Hameed Alwan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Aphthous stomatitis is a recurring oral ulceration condition that affects a significant proportion of the population. While several factors have been proposed to contribute to its occurrence, the link between caffeine consumption, anxiety levels, and the development of aphthous stomatitis remains unknown. This survey-based study aimed to understand the association between coffee, anxiety, and the development of aphthous stomatitis in this specific demographic, which can provide useful insights for medical management as well as preventive strategies. Material and methods: A structured online questionnaire was distributed via various social media platforms targeting a sample of the Armenian population. The questionnaire collected information on participants’ demographics, coffee use patterns, anxiety levels as measured by perceived stress scales, and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis. Statistical analyses, including Kendall’s tau, were carried out to investigate the relationships. Results: The results revealed a significant negative association between caffeine consumption and the occurrence of aphthous stomatitis among Armenian individuals Kendall’s tau-b (τb) correlation - 240* (p<0.05). Participants who reported regular caffeine consumption, such as coffee, tea, and energy drinks, had a lesser prevalence of aphthous stomatitis than non-consumers. Furthermore, Armenians in the survey showed that the majority (83.5%) had a low to moderate stress level. Conclusion: The data we collected in our research indicate that the prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the Armenian ethnicity was infrequent; over half of the participants didn’t report Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis in the past 12 months. Which may correlate to their caffeine consumption habits, which can lead to stress reduction.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139341829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-77
P. Kheradmand
Abstract Background: The prognosis of cancer is affected by factors such as lymph node involvement, the degree of tumor invasion, and markers like caudal type homeobox 2. This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of caudal type homeobox 2 in gastric cancer adenocarcinoma biopsies concerning gastric cancer prognostic factors. Material and methods: Tissue blocks from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were used in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinicopathological data were extracted and recorded on a checklist from patients’ pathology reports. The expression of caudal type homeobox 2 was subsequently examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: In total, 80 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included, where 22 were female (27.5%). Caudal type homeobox 2 expression was reported as positive in 68 cases (85%) and negative in 12 cases (15%) of gastric adenocarcinoma biopsies. No significant correlation (p>0.05) was found between caudal type homeobox 2 expression and demographic and clinicopathological data, such as age, gender, and tumor grade (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that age, gender, and tumor grade are unreliable prognostic factors for Iranian patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.
{"title":"CAUDAL TYPE HOMEOBOX 2 EXPRESSION AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA","authors":"P. Kheradmand","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-77","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: The prognosis of cancer is affected by factors such as lymph node involvement, the degree of tumor invasion, and markers like caudal type homeobox 2. This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of caudal type homeobox 2 in gastric cancer adenocarcinoma biopsies concerning gastric cancer prognostic factors. Material and methods: Tissue blocks from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were used in this cross-sectional study. Demographic and clinicopathological data were extracted and recorded on a checklist from patients’ pathology reports. The expression of caudal type homeobox 2 was subsequently examined using immunohistochemistry. Results: In total, 80 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included, where 22 were female (27.5%). Caudal type homeobox 2 expression was reported as positive in 68 cases (85%) and negative in 12 cases (15%) of gastric adenocarcinoma biopsies. No significant correlation (p>0.05) was found between caudal type homeobox 2 expression and demographic and clinicopathological data, such as age, gender, and tumor grade (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that age, gender, and tumor grade are unreliable prognostic factors for Iranian patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139342606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-36
H. Soleimantabar, S. Sabouri, K. Shirbandi
Abstract Introduction: An aberrant right subclavian artery with a normal-sided left aortic arch is the most common congenital anomaly of the aorta. This study aims to determine the risk of cardiac anomalies associated with aberrant right subclavian artery in relation to aortic arch anomalies among pediatric patients. Material and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between 2008 and 2011. Patients with either clinical or echocardiographic findings of congenital heart disease were referred for complementary evaluation with computed tomography angiography. Results: Finally, 203 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of an aberrant right subclavian artery was presented in 24 patients (11.8%). Moreover, the most common aortic arch anomaly was coarctation 40 (19.7%). The only double outlet right ventricle cardiac abnormality was associated with a higher risk of an aberrant right subclavian artery (relative risk, 1.192; 95% CI, 0.179 – 7.95) relative to other aortic arch anomalies. Discussion: In conclusion, this study showed that the incidence of aberrant right subclavian artery in an extensive series of Aortic Arch Anomalies had been performed (11.8%). Furthermore, pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, aortic coarctation, cervical arch, aortic interruption, tubular hypoplasia, and pulmonary sling were significantly higher in the aberrant right subclavian artery group in contrast with Other Aortic Arch Anomalies. However, just double outlet right ventricle was associated with a higher risk of aberrant right subclavian artery.
{"title":"RISK OF CARDIAC ANOMALIES IN ABERRANT RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY RELATIVE AORTIC ARCH ANOMALIES FOR PEDIATRICS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY","authors":"H. Soleimantabar, S. Sabouri, K. Shirbandi","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-36","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: An aberrant right subclavian artery with a normal-sided left aortic arch is the most common congenital anomaly of the aorta. This study aims to determine the risk of cardiac anomalies associated with aberrant right subclavian artery in relation to aortic arch anomalies among pediatric patients. Material and methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was performed between 2008 and 2011. Patients with either clinical or echocardiographic findings of congenital heart disease were referred for complementary evaluation with computed tomography angiography. Results: Finally, 203 patients were included in this study. The prevalence of an aberrant right subclavian artery was presented in 24 patients (11.8%). Moreover, the most common aortic arch anomaly was coarctation 40 (19.7%). The only double outlet right ventricle cardiac abnormality was associated with a higher risk of an aberrant right subclavian artery (relative risk, 1.192; 95% CI, 0.179 – 7.95) relative to other aortic arch anomalies. Discussion: In conclusion, this study showed that the incidence of aberrant right subclavian artery in an extensive series of Aortic Arch Anomalies had been performed (11.8%). Furthermore, pulmonary atresia, total anomalous pulmonary venous return, aortic coarctation, cervical arch, aortic interruption, tubular hypoplasia, and pulmonary sling were significantly higher in the aberrant right subclavian artery group in contrast with Other Aortic Arch Anomalies. However, just double outlet right ventricle was associated with a higher risk of aberrant right subclavian artery.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139349621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-42
M. Abbaspour
Abstract Introduction: Postmenopausal women with atrophic vaginitis had thinner epithelium, a lower vaginal maturation index, and higher vaginal pH. We chose phytoestrogens as an alternate treatment for atrophic vaginitis because of the potentially substantial side effects of long-term hormone replacement therapy use documented in a large prospective trial. Materials and methods: In this research, Flax Seed, Foeniculum Vulgare, and Salvia officinalis were chosen as plants containing phytoestrogen. Three vaginal cream formulations (F1-F3) were prepared in this study. The physicochemical properties and stability of a vaginal lotion containing well-known phytoestrogen plants are investigated. This study evaluates Linum usitatissimum, Foeniculum vulgare seeds, and Salvia officinalis extract. Physical examination, stability, continuity, active ingredient release, and challenge test were the four key criteria for product evaluation. Results: The release test revealed that extracts from formulation 2 and formulation 3 were slower to release than formulation1. It is owing to F1’s decreased viscosity and F2 and F3’s higher hydrophilic properties. The polyethylene glycol in formulations F2 and F3 may increase the hydrophilicity of the formulation, resulting in a stronger inclination of hydrophilic flavonoid extracts to the base and a decrease in extract liberation from the formulation. The w/o nature of the formulations allows them to lubricate or moisturize the vaginal epithelium, reducing Atrophic vaginitis symptoms. Conclusion: Formulation 1 may be a viable alternative to the current treatments for atrophic vaginitis. To determine the efficacy of this herbal vaginal cream in treating the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis, however, additional scientific studies are necessary.
{"title":"FORMULATION OF VAGINAL CREAM CONTAINING EXTRACTS OF LINUM USITATISSIMUM, FOENICULUM VULGARE, AND SALVIA OFFICINALIS FOR THE TREATMENT OF ATROPHIC VAGINITIS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL","authors":"M. Abbaspour","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-42","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Postmenopausal women with atrophic vaginitis had thinner epithelium, a lower vaginal maturation index, and higher vaginal pH. We chose phytoestrogens as an alternate treatment for atrophic vaginitis because of the potentially substantial side effects of long-term hormone replacement therapy use documented in a large prospective trial. Materials and methods: In this research, Flax Seed, Foeniculum Vulgare, and Salvia officinalis were chosen as plants containing phytoestrogen. Three vaginal cream formulations (F1-F3) were prepared in this study. The physicochemical properties and stability of a vaginal lotion containing well-known phytoestrogen plants are investigated. This study evaluates Linum usitatissimum, Foeniculum vulgare seeds, and Salvia officinalis extract. Physical examination, stability, continuity, active ingredient release, and challenge test were the four key criteria for product evaluation. Results: The release test revealed that extracts from formulation 2 and formulation 3 were slower to release than formulation1. It is owing to F1’s decreased viscosity and F2 and F3’s higher hydrophilic properties. The polyethylene glycol in formulations F2 and F3 may increase the hydrophilicity of the formulation, resulting in a stronger inclination of hydrophilic flavonoid extracts to the base and a decrease in extract liberation from the formulation. The w/o nature of the formulations allows them to lubricate or moisturize the vaginal epithelium, reducing Atrophic vaginitis symptoms. Conclusion: Formulation 1 may be a viable alternative to the current treatments for atrophic vaginitis. To determine the efficacy of this herbal vaginal cream in treating the symptoms of atrophic vaginitis, however, additional scientific studies are necessary.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139350030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-10DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-4
S. Avagyan, A. Zilfyan, A. Muradyan
Abstract Aliphatic polyamines (putrescin, spermidine, spermine and cadaverine) play an important role in the induction of neoplastic processes leading to cell malignancy. In malignantly transformed cells, a high level of aliphatic polyamines has been observed, which ensures their steady anaplastic growth. This is precisely why elevated levels of the aforementioned polyamines are considered as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for a wide range of oncological diseases. In several developed countries, cancer patients are advised to follow a low-polyamine diet, including specifically those food products that are identified in the general nutrient registry as having low levels of aliphatic polyamines. However, when recommending such a diet, many researchers did not pay attention to the fact that in different food products, the ratio of polyamine levels often varies within very wide limits. Therefore, as some researchers report a polyamine-deficient diet prescribed to cancer patients is not always effective. We analyzed various literary sources and identified products that do not contain polyamines or contain them in very low quantities. Based on the analysis of available literary data, when patients are admitted to oncology clinics, along with generally accepted laboratory diagnostic criteria, it is necessary to include diagnostic indicators for determining the levels of aliphatic polyamines in erythrocytes and blood plasma, including putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and cadaverine. Due to this approach, oncologists and nutritionists may have a real opportunity to prescribe a selective polyamine-deficient diet. For patients with advanced cancer, we recommend the use of a polyamine-free diet instead of a polyamine-deficient one.
{"title":"SELECTIVE ADMINISTRATION OF POLYAMINE-DEFICIENT AND POLYAMINE-FREE DIETS TO CANCER PATIENTS","authors":"S. Avagyan, A. Zilfyan, A. Muradyan","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aliphatic polyamines (putrescin, spermidine, spermine and cadaverine) play an important role in the induction of neoplastic processes leading to cell malignancy. In malignantly transformed cells, a high level of aliphatic polyamines has been observed, which ensures their steady anaplastic growth. This is precisely why elevated levels of the aforementioned polyamines are considered as diagnostic and prognostic criteria for a wide range of oncological diseases. In several developed countries, cancer patients are advised to follow a low-polyamine diet, including specifically those food products that are identified in the general nutrient registry as having low levels of aliphatic polyamines. However, when recommending such a diet, many researchers did not pay attention to the fact that in different food products, the ratio of polyamine levels often varies within very wide limits. Therefore, as some researchers report a polyamine-deficient diet prescribed to cancer patients is not always effective. We analyzed various literary sources and identified products that do not contain polyamines or contain them in very low quantities. Based on the analysis of available literary data, when patients are admitted to oncology clinics, along with generally accepted laboratory diagnostic criteria, it is necessary to include diagnostic indicators for determining the levels of aliphatic polyamines in erythrocytes and blood plasma, including putrescine, spermidine, spermine, and cadaverine. Due to this approach, oncologists and nutritionists may have a real opportunity to prescribe a selective polyamine-deficient diet. For patients with advanced cancer, we recommend the use of a polyamine-free diet instead of a polyamine-deficient one.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-31
A. Saduakas, K. Kurakbayev, A.A. Baubekov
Abstract Introduction: Recent retrospective cohort study demonstrated the benefit of duplex scanning in the examination of the extracranial carotid artery pathologies for preventing cerebrovascular disorders. The aim of this study: was to evaluate the clinical and demographical characteristics and outcome in patients treated at National Scientific Center of Surgery, after detecting extracranial carotid artery stenosis ≥70%. Material and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted; 204 patients were included. Results: The most significant risk factors were: ischemic heart diseases – 95.6%, arterial hypertension – 80.1%, chronic heart failure – 83.8%, cholesterol level above the norm of 5.2 mmol/L-39.2%; 30.4% of patients had a history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. There were a significant statistically difference between the prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis depending on the risk factors (blood cholesterol levels, a clinical history of chronic heart failure, and acute cerebrovascular diseases p=0.048, p=0.003, p=0.048 respectively (p>0.05)). Conclusion: In summary, we conclude that surgery should be considered, and duplex ultrasound plays a crucial role in assessing the severity of carotid stenosis in atherothrombotic stroke patients with severe external carotid stenosis. These data indicate that physicians, should be aware of the usefulness of carotid duplex ultrasound scanning in stratifying the risk of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases based on various aspects.
{"title":"THE BENEFITS OF DUPLEX SCANNING OF EXTRACRANIAL CAROTID PATHOLOGIES FOR RISK STRATIFICATION OF ISCHEMIC STROKE","authors":"A. Saduakas, K. Kurakbayev, A.A. Baubekov","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-31","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Introduction: Recent retrospective cohort study demonstrated the benefit of duplex scanning in the examination of the extracranial carotid artery pathologies for preventing cerebrovascular disorders. The aim of this study: was to evaluate the clinical and demographical characteristics and outcome in patients treated at National Scientific Center of Surgery, after detecting extracranial carotid artery stenosis ≥70%. Material and methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted; 204 patients were included. Results: The most significant risk factors were: ischemic heart diseases – 95.6%, arterial hypertension – 80.1%, chronic heart failure – 83.8%, cholesterol level above the norm of 5.2 mmol/L-39.2%; 30.4% of patients had a history of postinfarction cardiosclerosis. There were a significant statistically difference between the prevalence of extracranial carotid artery stenosis depending on the risk factors (blood cholesterol levels, a clinical history of chronic heart failure, and acute cerebrovascular diseases p=0.048, p=0.003, p=0.048 respectively (p>0.05)). Conclusion: In summary, we conclude that surgery should be considered, and duplex ultrasound plays a crucial role in assessing the severity of carotid stenosis in atherothrombotic stroke patients with severe external carotid stenosis. These data indicate that physicians, should be aware of the usefulness of carotid duplex ultrasound scanning in stratifying the risk of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases based on various aspects.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139351709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-58
A.K. Маrtusevich
Abstract The purpose of the review was a comprehensive analysis of the biological effects and applications of cold plasma. First of all, physical principles of cold atmospheric plasma, including generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as intermediates, were discussed. The analysis of the specialized literature on plasma medicine as an innovative interdisciplinary direction allowed us to show the physical mechanisms of biological effects of cold plasma associated with the modulation of free radical processes in the biological objects. That is why correction of oxidative stress and other disorders of redox balance was determined as direct target of the effect of studied factor. Among the most significant aspects of the biological action of cold plasma, antibacterial and pro-regenerative activity, as well as modulation of apoptosis, should be cited. On this basis, the factor in question determines its application in oncology, surgery, dermatology and other fields of medicine. One of the most important effects of cold plasma was its antibacterial and antifungal activity, which in useful for wound healing, sterilization etc. Special attention was paid to possibilities of cold plasma therapy in combustiology. Molecular, tissue and systemic mechanisms of sanogenic effects of cold plasma was demonstrated and analyzed. Results of own studied in this field was observed. Further discovery of the biological effects of cold plasma can significantly expand the range of its medical applications.
{"title":"PLASMA BIOMEDICINE: MODERN STATE-OF-ART AND PERSPECTIVES IN REGENERATIVE MEDICINE","authors":"A.K. Маrtusevich","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-58","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of the review was a comprehensive analysis of the biological effects and applications of cold plasma. First of all, physical principles of cold atmospheric plasma, including generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as intermediates, were discussed. The analysis of the specialized literature on plasma medicine as an innovative interdisciplinary direction allowed us to show the physical mechanisms of biological effects of cold plasma associated with the modulation of free radical processes in the biological objects. That is why correction of oxidative stress and other disorders of redox balance was determined as direct target of the effect of studied factor. Among the most significant aspects of the biological action of cold plasma, antibacterial and pro-regenerative activity, as well as modulation of apoptosis, should be cited. On this basis, the factor in question determines its application in oncology, surgery, dermatology and other fields of medicine. One of the most important effects of cold plasma was its antibacterial and antifungal activity, which in useful for wound healing, sterilization etc. Special attention was paid to possibilities of cold plasma therapy in combustiology. Molecular, tissue and systemic mechanisms of sanogenic effects of cold plasma was demonstrated and analyzed. Results of own studied in this field was observed. Further discovery of the biological effects of cold plasma can significantly expand the range of its medical applications.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139353421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-66
A. K. Martusevich, L. Kovaleva
Abstract Biological effects of nitric oxide are multiply, including vasoactive activity, participation in neurotransmission and intercellular communication etc. These effects are associated with endogenous releasing of nitric oxide, but influence of exogenous administration of this substance does not study in details. In particular, systemic action of nitric oxide inhalations is not so clear. The aim of this work was the investigation of nitric oxide inhalations action on some parameters of energy and oxidative metabolism of healthy rat blood. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (without any manipulations; n=10) and main group (n=10) with inhalations by nitric oxide-containing gas flow (20 ppm). Lactate dehydrogenase and lactate level were estimated in rat blood samples. In addition, we calculated a number of integral coefficients of energy metabolism, such as substrate provision coefficient and coefficient of energy reactions balance. Our experiments demonstrate that 10-days course of inhalations of low nitric oxide doses (20 ppm) increases the adaptive potential of healthy rats’ organism. One of these positive effects is associated with activation of some components of energy metabolism. First of all, it realized through stimulation of catalytic activity of lactate dehydrogenase, including its erythrocyte pool. Observed metabolic effect provides the basis for pathogenic correction of diseases, associated with hypoxia, oxidative stress and energy deficiency.
{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE ENERGY METABOLISM UNDER INHALATIONS OF NITRIC OXIDE","authors":"A. K. Martusevich, L. Kovaleva","doi":"10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56936/18290825-2023.17.f-66","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Biological effects of nitric oxide are multiply, including vasoactive activity, participation in neurotransmission and intercellular communication etc. These effects are associated with endogenous releasing of nitric oxide, but influence of exogenous administration of this substance does not study in details. In particular, systemic action of nitric oxide inhalations is not so clear. The aim of this work was the investigation of nitric oxide inhalations action on some parameters of energy and oxidative metabolism of healthy rat blood. Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: control group (without any manipulations; n=10) and main group (n=10) with inhalations by nitric oxide-containing gas flow (20 ppm). Lactate dehydrogenase and lactate level were estimated in rat blood samples. In addition, we calculated a number of integral coefficients of energy metabolism, such as substrate provision coefficient and coefficient of energy reactions balance. Our experiments demonstrate that 10-days course of inhalations of low nitric oxide doses (20 ppm) increases the adaptive potential of healthy rats’ organism. One of these positive effects is associated with activation of some components of energy metabolism. First of all, it realized through stimulation of catalytic activity of lactate dehydrogenase, including its erythrocyte pool. Observed metabolic effect provides the basis for pathogenic correction of diseases, associated with hypoxia, oxidative stress and energy deficiency.","PeriodicalId":353660,"journal":{"name":"THE NEW ARMENIAN MEDICAL JOURNAL","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139353133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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