Journal of Dairy Science最新文献

{"title":"A retrospective cohort study investigating the association of postcalving intramammary infection and milk yield, somatic cell count, clinical mastitis, and culling risk in first-lactation dairy cows","authors":"A. Singh,&nbsp;H. Somula,&nbsp;M. Wieland","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25673","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to investigate the association of postcalving IMI with milk production and SCC during the first 3 test days after calving, as well as the risk of clinical mastitis occurrence and culling within the first 100 DIM in first-lactation Holstein dairy cows. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at one commercial dairy farm in New York. Postcalving IMI was assessed by means of bacteriological testing of composite milk sample aseptically obtained from all quarters at the day of calving or between 7 and 13 DIM. Data on monthly test-day milk yield and SCC, as well as on the occurrence of clinical mastitis and culling within the first 100 DIM were retrieved from the farm management software. We used generalized linear mixed models to study the associations of postcalving IMI with milk yield and SCC. We found that cows with an IMI with <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> had lower milk yields compared with those without a postcalving IMI, whereas cows with an IMI with <em>Staphylococcus chromogenes</em> had higher milk yields. Similarly, cows infected with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus chromogenes</em>, <em>Staphylococcus simulans</em>, <em>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</em>, <em>Streptococcus uberis</em>, or <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> had higher SCC compared with their culture-negative herdmates. Logistic regression analyses revealed associations between postcalving IMI and the occurrence of clinical mastitis and culling within the first 100 DIM. Compared with cows without a postcalving IMI, the odds ratio and 95% CI of clinical mastitis were 4.00 (2.76–5.79) for cows with a <em>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</em> IMI, 4.45 (3.16–6.26) for cows with a <em>Streptococcus uberis</em> IMI, and 9.87 (4.88–19.96) for cows with a <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> IMI. Cows identified with an IMI with <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</em>, <em>Streptococcus uberis</em>, or <em>Pasteurella multocida</em> had higher odds of culling within the first 100 DIM compared with their culture-negative herdmates. The odds ratios (95% CI) were <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, 6.36 (4.44–9.13); <em>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</em>, 2.02 (1.42–3.40); <em>Streptococcus uberis</em>, 2.12 (1.40–3.20), and <em>Pasteurella multocida</em>, 2.23 (1.01–4.93). Due to the lack of molecular strain typing of postcalving cultures and those obtained from clinical mastitis cases, we cannot infer a cause-effect relationship. Future research to study the significance and identify possible risk factors of postcalving IMI in first-lactation animals is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 4234-4247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of milking performance following 2 different teat-preparation routines","authors":"H.J. Williams,&nbsp;D.H. Grove-White,&nbsp;R. Ridgway,&nbsp;N.J. Connolly,&nbsp;R. Puentes-Garrido,&nbsp;C. Watson","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25927","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of an iodine-based predip solution and paper towel (dip routine) reduces the incidence of delayed milk ejection and the recorded vacuum at the teat end, compared with a proprietary teat wipe (wipe routine), when forestripping is not part of the teat-preparation routine. Eight experimental milkings, 4 for each teat-preparation routine, were observed on a Holstein dairy herd milking 195 cows 3 times daily through a herringbone parlor. Allocation of routine at the first session was by coin toss, thereafter teat-preparation routine was alternated for each observed session. Parameters extracted from electronic on-farm milk meters included milk yield (kg), milking unit on time (MUOT; s), average milk flow rate (kg/min), maximum milk flow rate (kg/min), milk yield in the first 2 min (kg), percentage of total milk yield in the first 2 min (%), and occurrence of bimodal milking. Vacuum at the teat level was recorded using digital vacuum recorders and analyzed to determine the average mouthpiece chamber vacuum in front and back quarters during the main milking period. Cow characteristics including parity, DIM, calving date, and 305-d mature-equivalent milk production were obtained from dairy management software. Investigators used timestamps to calculate the duration the operator spent wiping teats and the lag time, which was defined as first application of the wipe or paper towel to cluster attachment. Data from 1,287 milkings (194 cows) were analyzed for milk flow outcomes, and data from 96 milkings (76 cows) were analyzed for vacuum outcomes. Multivariable mixed-effects models demonstrated that the odds of a bimodal milking pattern were higher when the wipe routine was used compared with the dip routine (odds ratio: 1.6). The dip routine was associated with 3.37% more milk produced in the first 2 min, 4.38 s less MUOT, and 2.69 kPa lower average vacuum in the back mouthpiece during main milking, with no significant difference in the front mouthpiece vacuum between the 2 preparation routines. These results indicate that dipping followed by wiping as part of the teat-preparation routine was associated with improved milk ejection and flow compared with using a disinfectant wipe alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3796-3804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health and safety training for immigrant dairy workers in the Upper Midwest","authors":"Rosa I. Vázquez ,&nbsp;Devon Charlier ,&nbsp;Carol Peterson ,&nbsp;Patrick N. Balius ,&nbsp;Jonathan D. Kirsch ,&nbsp;Amy Liebman ,&nbsp;Jeff B. Bender","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-24639","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-24639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This project implemented <em>Seguridad en las Lecherías</em>, an award-winning, bilingual (Spanish and English), 5-module curriculum approved by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. The intervention aimed to increase safety knowledge among immigrant dairy workers, encourage a safety culture, and identify challenges faced by the dairy farming community in Minnesota and South Dakota. A total of 360 Hispanic immigrant workers from 19 participating dairies were trained. Pre- and post-assessments revealed a statistically significant increase in knowledge after each training. Producers and managers provided positive feedback noting improved awareness of safety and positive behavior changes to reduce farm incidents. A flexible approach to implementation was essential to the intervention's success, including synchronizing training with workers' shifts. Overall, this application of the <em>Seguridad en las Lecherías</em> curriculum suggests that comprehensive, culturally responsive safety training delivered in the language spoken by workers can have a positive effect on workers' safety knowledge, practices, and behavior on dairy farms. Continued efforts to prioritize and reinforce worker safety are vital to the sustainability and well-being of the dairy farming community in the region and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3756-3763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142941863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of the likelihood of conception after the first or second insemination in Chinese Holstein cows using milk Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Chu Chu ,&nbsp;Peipei Wen ,&nbsp;Weiqi Li ,&nbsp;Yikai Fan ,&nbsp;Zhuo Yang ,&nbsp;Chao Du ,&nbsp;Dongwei Wang ,&nbsp;Liangkang Nan ,&nbsp;Haitong Wang ,&nbsp;Chunfang Li ,&nbsp;Wenli Yu ,&nbsp;Ahmed Sabek ,&nbsp;Wan Wen ,&nbsp;Guohua Hua ,&nbsp;Junqing Ni ,&nbsp;Yabin Ma ,&nbsp;Shujun Zhang","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25269","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25269","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Accurate identification of cows' likelihood of conception during the period from recent calving to the first artificial insemination (AI) will provide assistance in managing the fertility of dairy cows and contribute to the economic prosperity and sustainability of farms. The purpose of this study was to use Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy data collected between recent calving and the first AI to predict the likelihood of a cow conceiving after the first AI and the first or second AI. This study specifically focused on the role of FTIR spectral and farm data collected during different time windows in improving the accuracy of models for predicting a cow's likelihood of conceiving after the first AI and the first or second AI. From 2019 to 2023, fertility information of 10,873 Holstein dairy cows in China were collected, coupled with 21,928 spectral data. First, cows were classified as having a good or poor likelihood of conception. In strategy 1, cows conceiving after the first AI were classified as having a good likelihood of conception and as others as having a poor likelihood of conception. In strategy 2, cows conceiving after the first or second AI were classified as having a good likelihood of conception and others as having a poor likelihood of conception. Second, partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to develop models for predicting the likelihood of conception after the first AI and the first or second AI. The model was assessed using a cross-validation set and herd-independent external validation set. The study also focused on examining the potential correlation between the accuracy of prediction and the period of spectral and farm data collection by analyzing the diagnostic performance of the model in 8 different time windows: from 0 to 7 d postpartum (dpp), 8 to 14 dpp, 15 to 21 dpp, 22 to 30 dpp, 31 to 45 dpp, 46 to 60 dpp, ≥61 dpp, and 0 to 7 d before the first AI. The results showed that the model based on strategy 1 performed better when in proximity to the first AI, with AUC for the cross-validation and herd-independent external validation sets of 0.621 and 0.633, respectively. The model based on strategy 2 exhibited superior performance throughout the late phase of uterine involution. The optimal model was developed by using spectral data collected from 22 to 30 dpp. The AUC for the cross-validation and herd-independent external validation sets were 0.644 and 0.660, respectively, which were higher than those of strategy 1. This study demonstrates the potential of using FTIR spectral data to predict a cow's ability to conceive. The model developed from data collected within a certain time window exhibited better prediction accuracy, particularly from 22 to 30 dpp and 0 to 7 d before the first AI. This study offers novel perspectives on alternate approaches for assessing the fertility of cows, which will contribute to the regularization and sustainability of farms, as well as to the precision","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3805-3819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid, multiplexed, and naked-eye-readable paper assay for detecting heavy metal pollution in food using a catalytic colorimetric reaction","authors":"Ying Huang ,&nbsp;Jianwei Wu ,&nbsp;Wenping Yang ,&nbsp;Qilin Qiu ,&nbsp;Qin Liu ,&nbsp;Jie Li ,&nbsp;Jiangwei Wen ,&nbsp;Wenbo Cheng ,&nbsp;Xuhan Xia","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25838","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heavy metal contamination is a serious food safety issue. Herein, we report a rapid, multiplexed, and naked-eye-readable method for detecting heavy metal pollution in food samples, including milk, using an inexpensive colorimetric paper. We leverage the urease catalysis reaction to amplify the presence of the heavy metal ions Hg²⁺ and Pb²⁺ by exploiting their strong inhibitory effect on urease. Integrating with a paper-folding strategy, the visual assay realizes rapid detection of over 10 samples within 5 min. It allowed detection of Hg²⁺ as low as 0.1 n<em>M</em> and Pb²⁺ as low as 2 μ<em>M</em>. Results can be visually interpreted with the naked eye or a smartphone, making it practical for on-site testing and ensuring the safety of dairy products against metal contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3172-3180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and genetic factors affecting severe epizootic hemorrhagic disease in Spanish Holstein cattle during the Southern Europe outbreak of 2023","authors":"O. González-Recio ,&nbsp;A. Fernández ,&nbsp;J.A. Jiménez Montero","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25520","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is a noncontagious viral infection that can cause important economic losses on dairy farms. This study aimed to identify epidemiological and genetic factors influencing the susceptibility and severity of EHD in Holstein dairy cattle during the 2023 outbreak in Spain. Data from 2,852 animals in 7 affected farms from 5 Spanish provinces were used. Symptoms were categorized in 5 categories: no symptoms, mild symptoms, severe symptoms and recovery, severe symptoms with aftereffects (sequelae), and severe symptoms followed by death. All animals were genotyped using the Illumina EuroG MD SNP array, and imputation to whole-genome sequencing was carried out using the 1,000 bull genomes dataset as a reference. Risk factors for EHD were explored using linear mixed effects models, as well as the loss of milk yield and culling risk probability due to severe EHD. In all, ∼66% of animals showed EHD virus antibodies, although only 25% of the sample in this study showed severe symptoms, and the death rate was 2% to 3%. Results indicated that age was the main risk factor for severe EHD, with older cows showing greater susceptibility. Production losses were significant in cows with moderate to severe symptoms, especially if the outbreak occurred mid lactation (up to −9 kg/d). Cows exhibiting severe symptoms demonstrated a markedly increased likelihood of being culled, with an odds ratio of 10.86 (95% CI: 6.08–19.41) for cows with severe symptoms. The genetic component of EHD was evaluated using REML procedures, and a GWAS was conducted to investigate genomic regions associated with the disease. An h² of 0.08 was estimated, with some genes (AOC1, BST1, CD38, DPP6, DPYS, HOGA1, KMT2C, PIK2A, PIK3, and PI4K2A) associated with the disease showing involvement in immunity processes and the development of the pulmonary tree. This study underscores the genetic and epidemiological factors influencing EHD severity in dairy cattle, providing insights for managing future outbreaks and mitigating economic losses in affected regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3850-3857"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation from late pregnancy to early lactation attenuates the endocannabinoid system and immune proteome in preovulatory follicles and endometrium of Holstein dairy cows","authors":"P. dos S. Silva ,&nbsp;Y. Butenko ,&nbsp;G. Kra ,&nbsp;S. Malitsky ,&nbsp;M. Itkin ,&nbsp;Y. Levin ,&nbsp;U. Moallem ,&nbsp;M. Zachut","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25409","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25409","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Activation of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) elicits negative effects on the reproductive system in mammals. Supplementation with n-3 fatty acid (FA) lowers ECS activation and has anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, we hypothesized that supplementing cows with n-3 FA will downregulate components of the ECS and immune system in preovulatory follicles and in the endometrium. Twenty-four multiparous Holstein dairy cows were supplemented from d 256 of pregnancy to d 70 postpartum as follows: (1) control (CTL; n = 12), prepartum with 250 g/d per cow calcium salts of FA and postpartum at 1.6% of the diet (DM basis); or (2) extruded flaxseed (FLX; n = 12) supplement rich in α-linolenic acid (C18:3n-3), prepartum with 700 g/d per cow and postpartum at 6.4% of diet (DM basis). Ovaries were monitored at 30 DIM, and following estrous cycle synchronization we aspirated the follicular fluids (FF) of follicles ≥7 mm, separated the granulosa cells (GRC), and performed endometrium biopsies at 58 ± 5 DIM. The FF were analyzed for concentrations of estradiol (E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and progesterone (P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;), and E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-active follicles were declared when E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; was &gt;1. The FA and endocannabinoid (eCB) profiles were determined in plasma and in the reproductive tissues. Proteomic analyses and mRNA abundances were determined in GRC and endometrium. Supplementation of n-3 FA increased the proportion of total n-3 FA and decreased the ratio of n-6 to n-3 ratio in plasma, FF and GRC compared with CTL. In plasma and FF, n-3 FA supplementation decreased the proportion of the n-6 FA eCB precursor arachidonic acid (ARA; C20:4n-6), and increased the abundance of the n-3 FA-derived eCB eicosapentaenoyl ethanolamide compared with CTL. In the endometrium, n-3 FA supplementation reduced the abundance of the n-6 FA-derived eCB 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) compared with CTL. Proteomic analysis of GRC showed that n-3 FA supplementation increased the abundance of FA-binding-protein-5, which is involved in intracellular transport of eCB, as well as the abundances of the cytokine receptor like factor-2 and glutathione-S-transferase-LANCL1, whereas it reduced the abundances of several complement proteins: complement factors I, D, H, complement components C7 chain and C8 β chain, and complement component 1 Q subcomponent-binding protein, mitochondrial (C1QBP). In addition, the abundance of superoxide dismutase (SOD3) was lower in FLX GRC than in CTL. In the endometrium, n-3 FA supplementation decreased the abundance of a few immune-related proteins. In the GRC, n-3 FA supplementation reduced the relative mRNA abundances of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 compared with CTL. Across treatments, a positive correlation was found between the relative abundance in FF of the eCB anandamide with C7, C1QBP, and SOD3 in GRC, whereas FF 2-AG had a negative correlation with them. Overall, in line with our premise, dietary n-3 FA supplementation attenuated the lev","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 4299-4317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142997805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of pH adjustments on a novel micellar casein–based edible 3-dimensional printing formulation","authors":"Michael J. McAnulty,&nbsp;Benjamin M. Plumier,&nbsp;Amanda L. Miller,&nbsp;Peggy M. Tomasula","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25768","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three-dimensional (3D) food printing holds the potential to help reduce food waste by precise portion control and use of materials that are produced in excess or are otherwise discarded. This relatively new technology is likely to undergo decreases in equipment costs. To take advantage of such prospects, we developed a novel micellar casein–based edible 3D printing formulation. Our formulation relies on a highly concentrated micellar casein solution (27.75%, wt/wt, final) along with pH adjustments (3.5, 4.0, 4.8, 6.7, 7.2, and 8.2) at chilled temperature (4–9°C) to avoid premature aggregation. In comparison to the natural pH of 6.7, both alkalinization and acidification past the isoelectric point of 4.6 enhanced both elastic and viscous moduli that enable for shape retention during and after extrusion from a 3D food printer. However, alkalinization led to smaller increases in the viscous modulus and did not lead to the shape retention that acidification to 4.0 or 3.5 does. Both acidification and alkalinization also resulted in rougher surface textures compared with the formulation at pH 6.7. Whereas the pH 4.8 formulation had inferior shape retention qualities compared with those at the other pH values tested, it had optimized water resilience, defined here as minimized swelling and dissolution of dried structures placed in water. Overall, we present a novel casein-based 3D printing formulation that could be printed while chilled, and with properties that could be modified by pH adjustments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3314-3323"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of 10 freshwater microalgae on in vitro methane mitigation and rumen fermentation","authors":"Yang Li ,&nbsp;Mariluz Bagnoud-Velásquez ,&nbsp;Yixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Lenka Punčochářová ,&nbsp;Carmen Kunz ,&nbsp;Sebastian Dubois ,&nbsp;Rong Peng ,&nbsp;Alexandra Baumeyer Brahier ,&nbsp;Fabian Wahl ,&nbsp;Mutian Niu","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25749","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2024-25749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculture is at the pivot point between anthroposphere, biosphere, and atmosphere. Innovative solutions are needed to reduce agricultural emissions and improve sustainability. Microalgae animal feed could be such a solution. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 10 freshwater microalgae: <em>Auxenochlorella protothecoides</em>, <em>Chlamydomonas pulvinate</em>, <em>Chlorella luteoviridis</em>, <em>Chlorella variabilis</em>, <em>Euglena mutabilis</em>, <em>Parachlorella kessleri</em>, <em>Stichococcus bacillaris</em>, <em>Tetradesmus acuminatus</em>, <em>Tetradesmus obliquus</em>, and <em>Tetraselmis gracilis</em>, on ruminal methane (CH₄) production, nutrient digestibility, and rumen fermentation using the in vitro Hohenheim gas test. The microalgae were cultured in a carbon dioxide (CO₂) incubator at 2% CO₂, at the optimal conditions for each strain. The highest producers were <em>P. kessleri</em> and <em>T. obliquus</em>, with a biomass concentration of 0.69 and 0.73 g/L·d, respectively. Their PUFA contents ranged from 33.2% to 69.1% of total fatty acids. Microalgae were tested at a 15% replacement in a control basal diet of 40.0% DM grass silage, 40.0% maize silage, 15% hay, and 5% concentrate. Data were analyzed using a mixed model in R. Ruminal CH₄ production was reduced by 15.4%, 17.4%, and 16.4% in diets containing <em>A. protothecoides</em>, <em>C. luteoviridis</em>, and <em>P. kessleri</em>, respectively, compared with the control diet. Similarly, these diets reduced in vitro organic matter digestibility by 3.5%, 5.2%, and 5.4%, respectively. However, only <em>A. protothecoides</em> reduced CH₄/CO₂ ratio by 3.5% compared with the control diet. Propionate molar proportion was decreased by 2.4, 3.0, 2.5, and 2.5 percentage points for diets containing <em>Ch. pulvinate</em>, <em>E. mutabilis</em>, <em>P. kessleri</em>, and <em>T. obliquus</em>, respectively. Marginal effects of dietary variables were analyzed using the generalized additive model framework, revealing a negative relationship between dietary PUFA, sulfur content, and CH₄ production, and a negative relationship between dietary PUFA and CH₄/CO₂ ratio. Incorporating high-PUFA microalgae in ruminant diets shows potential for reducing enteric CH₄ emissions, warranting further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3673-3689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Journal of Dairy Science® 2024 Editorial Report","authors":"Paul J. Kononoff Editor in Chief","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-26573","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jds.2025-26573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":"108 4","pages":"Pages 3009-3013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}