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Underground laboratories 地下实验室
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.007
A. Ianni
A brief review on underground laboratories at the time of IDM 2022 is reported. General characteristics of these research infrastructures are discussed and a few highlights from different laboratories are reported. The idea of networking between underground laboratories is discussed.
对IDM 2022时期的地下实验室进行了简要回顾。讨论了这些研究基础设施的一般特征,并报道了不同实验室的一些亮点。讨论了地下实验室联网的思想。
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引用次数: 0
The Scintillating Bubble Chamber Experiment 闪烁气泡室实验
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.023
B. Broerman
The Scintillating Bubble Chamber (SBC) collaboration is combining the well-established liquid argon and bubble chamber technologies to search for low-mass, GeV-scale dark matter. Liquid-noble bubble chambers benefit from the excellent electron-recoil insensitivity inherent in bubble chambers with the addition of energy reconstruction provided from the scintillation signal for background rejection. The projected sensitivity with a quasi-background-free 10-kg-year exposure at a 100 eV nuclear recoil threshold is approximately 10^{-43} cm−43cm^2$ for a 1 GeV/c^22 dark matter mass.
闪烁气泡室(SBC)合作将成熟的液态氩气和气泡室技术结合起来,寻找低质量、gev尺度的暗物质。液体惰性气泡室得益于气泡室固有的优异的电子反冲不灵敏度,并增加了由闪烁信号提供的能量重构来抑制背景。对于1 GeV/c^22的暗物质质量,在100 eV核反冲阈值下,准无背景的10 kg年暴露的预测灵敏度约为10^{-43}cm - 43cm^2$。
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引用次数: 0
Reduction in radioactivity-induced backgrounds using a novel active veto detector for rare event search experiments 在罕见事件搜索实验中使用一种新型主动否决权探测器减少放射性诱导背景
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.017
Mouli Chaudhuri, A. Jastram, G. Agnolet, S. Banik, Hao Chen, V. Iyer, V. Kashyap, A. Kubik, Matthew Lee, R. Mahapatra, S. Maludze, N. Mirabolfathi, Nityasa Mishra, B. Mohanty, H. Neog, Mark Platt
The results of a newly developed annular cryogenic phonon-mediated active veto detector are discussed which shows a significant reduction of radioactivity-induced backgrounds in rare event search experiments. The veto detector is made up of germanium weighing ∼500 g with an outer diameter of 76 mm and an inner diameter of 28 mm. The detector can host a 25 mm diameter germanium inner target detector of mass ∼10 g. A GEANT4 simulation with the active veto and inner target detector shows a gamma background reduction of 50 - 80% which is further improved (> 90%) with 4pi veto coverage. Experimental measurements with the detector assembly agree well with the simulation.
讨论了新开发的环形低温声子介导的主动否决权探测器的结果,该探测器在罕见事件搜索实验中显着减少了放射性诱导背景。该探测器由重约500克的锗制成,外径76毫米,内径28毫米。该探测器可以容纳一个直径为25毫米、质量为10克的锗内部目标探测器。GEANT4模拟显示,主动否决和内部目标检测器的伽马背景降低了50 - 80%,在4pi否决覆盖率下进一步提高(> 90%)。实验测量结果与仿真结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 0
The CYGNO/INITIUM experiment CYGNO/INITIUM实验
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.019
F. Amaro, E. Baracchini, L. Benussi, S. Bianco, C. Capoccia, M. Caponero, D. Santos Cardoso, G. Cavoto, A. Cortez, I. A. Costa, E. Dané, G. Dho, F. Di Giambattista, E. Di Marco, G. D’Imperio, F. Iacoangeli, H. P. Júnior, G. Lopes, G. Maccarrone, R. Mano, R. Gregorio, D. Marques, G. Mazzitelli, A. G. McLean, A. Messina, C. Monteiro, R. Nobrega, I. Fonseca Pains, E. Paoletti, L. Passamonti, S. Pelosi, F. Petrucci, S. Piacentini, D. Piccolo, D. Pierluigi, D. Pinci, A. Prajapati, F. Renga, R. Roque, F. Rosatelli, A. Russo, J. D. dos Santos, G. Saviano, N. Spooner, R. Tesauro, S. Tommasini, S. Torelli
The CYGNO project for the development of a high precision optical readout gaseous TPC for directional Dark Matter search and solar neutrino spectroscopy will be presented. It is to be hosted at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. CYGNO peculiar features are the use of sCMOS cameras and PMTs coupled to GEMs amplification of a helium-based gas mixture at atmospheric pressure, in order to achieve 3D tracking with head tail capability and background rejection down to O(keV) energy, to boost sensitivity to low WIMP masses. The latest R&D results within the CYGNO project will be discussed along with the underground installation and operation of a 50 l prototype, soon to be followed by a O(1) m3 experiment demonstrator in 2024-2026. The latest results on the negative ion drift operation at atmospheric pressure within CYGNO optical readout approach will be illustrated, which is the aim of the ERC Consolidator Grant project INITIUM.
将介绍CYGNO项目,该项目旨在开发用于定向暗物质搜索和太阳中微子光谱的高精度光学读出气体TPC。它将在格兰萨索国家实验室举办。CYGNO的特殊功能是使用sCMOS相机和pmt耦合到GEMs在大气压下放大氦基气体混合物,以实现具有头尾能力和背景抑制低至0 (keV)能量的3D跟踪,以提高对低WIMP质量的灵敏度。CYGNO项目的最新研发成果将与50 l原型机的地下安装和运行一起讨论,随后不久将在2024-2026年进行O(1) m3实验演示。将说明在大气压下CYGNO光学读出方法中负离子漂移操作的最新结果,这是ERC整合者资助项目INITIUM的目标。
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引用次数: 0
Dark matter directionality approach using ZnWO$_4$ crystal scintillators 利用ZnWO$_4$晶体闪烁体的暗物质方向性研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.021
Vincenzo Caracciolo, Volodymyr Yakovych Degoda, P. Belli, R. Bernabei, Y. Borovlev, F. Cappella, Riccardo Cerulli, F. Danevich, A. Incicchitti, A. Leoncini, V. Merlo, N. Cherubini, D. Kasperovych, Y. Kogut, G. Podust, O. Polischuk, A. G. Postupaeva, V. Shlegel, V. Tretyak
The development of low-background anisotropic detectors can offer a unique way to study those Dark Matter (DM) candidate particles able to induce nuclear recoils through the directionality technique. Among the anisotropic scintillators, the ZnWO_{4}4 has unique features and is an excellent candidate for the purposes. Both the light output and the scintillation pulse shape depend on the impinging direction of heavy particles with respect to the crystallographic axes and can supply two independent modes to study the directionality and discriminate gamma/betaγ/β radiation. Measurements to study the anisotropic and scintillation performances of ZnWO_44 are reported.
低本底各向异性探测器的发展为研究那些能够通过方向性技术诱发核反冲的暗物质候选粒子提供了一条独特的途径。在各向异性闪烁体中,{ZnWO_44}具有独特的特性,是一个很好的候选体。光输出和闪烁脉冲形状都取决于重粒子相对于结晶轴的撞击方向,可以提供两种独立的模式来研究方向性和区分gamma / beta γ/β辐射。对ZnWO_44的各向异性和闪烁性能进行了测量研究。
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引用次数: 0
Neutron production in ($alpha$,n) reactions in SOURCES4 SOURCES4中($alpha$,n)反应中的中子产生
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.018
V. Kudryavtsev, Piotr Krawczun, Rayna Bocheva
Neutrons produced in spontaneous fission and (alpha,nα,n) reactions can induce background events in underground experiments looking for rare processes. A number of computer codes are available to calculate cross-sections of (alpha,nα,n) reactions, branching ratios to various states and neutron yields. SOURCES4 code has been used in this work to calculate neutron yields and energy spectra with input cross-sections and branching ratios taken from experimental data and models from EMPIRE2.19/3.2.3 and TALYS1.9 codes. A comparison of SOURCES4 calculations with experimental data from alpha beams and radioactive decay chains is presented.
在寻找稀有过程的地下实验中,自发裂变和( α,n α,n)反应产生的中子可以诱发背景事件。许多计算机代码可用于计算( α,n α,n)反应的截面,不同状态的分支比和中子产率。SOURCES4代码用于计算中子产率和能量谱,输入截面和分支比来自实验数据和EMPIRE2.19/3.2.3和TALYS1.9代码中的模型。将SOURCES4的计算结果与来自α束和放射性衰变链的实验数据进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Measurement of low-energy Compton and neutron scattering in Si CCDs for dark matter searches 用于暗物质搜索的Si ccd低能康普顿散射和中子散射测量
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.015
R. Šmída
For optimal sensitivity to low-mass dark matter candidates experiments like DAMIC-M employ skipper charged-coupled devices (CCDs) with detection threshold of just a few ionization charges. Ionization signals from small-angle Compton scatters of environmental gammaγ-rays, an important component of the background in dark matter searches, must thus be characterized down to OO(10 eV) energy. Using a ^{241}241Am gammaγ-ray source, we report a precise measurement of scattering on Si atomic shell electrons in a skipper CCD with single-electron resolution. Notable differences are observed between data and theoretical expectations in the L-shell energy region (<150 eV). We also present preliminary data from a skipper CCD exposed to low-energy neutrons (<24 keV) from a ^{124}124Sb^99Be photoneutron source, demonstrating a measurement of the nuclear recoil ionization efficiency in Si down to few ionization charges.
为了获得对低质量暗物质候选物质的最佳灵敏度,DAMIC-M等实验采用了探测阈值仅为几个电离电荷的跳跃电荷耦合器件(CCDs)。环境γ γ射线的小角度康普顿散射产生的电离信号是暗物质搜索背景的重要组成部分,因此必须被表征为低至0 (10 eV)能量。使用^{241}241Am γ γ射线源,我们报告了在单电子分辨率的跳船CCD中精确测量Si原子壳层电子散射。在l壳层能量区域(<150 eV),数据与理论期望值存在显著差异。我们还提供了一个暴露于来自^{124}124Sb^99Be光子中子源的低能中子(<24 keV)的船长CCD的初步数据,证明了Si中核反射力电离效率的测量结果,电离电荷很少。
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引用次数: 0
Status and future prospects of the NEWS-G experiment NEWS-G实验的现状与展望
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.024
P. Knights
The NEWS-G collaboration is searching for light dark matter using spherical proportional counters. Access to the mass range from 50 MeV to 10 GeV is enabled by the combination of low energy threshold, light gaseous targets (H, He, Ne), and highly radio-pure detector construction. Several of the recent developments that have paved the way for the operation of a new 140 cm in diameter, spherical proportional counter are presented. Constructed and commissioned at LSM using 4N copper with a 500muμxm electroplated inner layer, the detector is now installed in SNOLAB, where it has begun data taking. Building on the electroplating of the current detector, the collaboration construct its next detector directly in the underground laboratory, using ultra-pure copper electroforming. The design and construction of ECUME, a 140 cm in diameter spherical proportional counter fully electroformed underground is discussed, along with the potential to achieve sensitivity reaching the neutrino floor in light Dark Matter searches with a next-generation detector.
NEWS-G合作项目正在使用球形比例计数器寻找轻暗物质。通过结合低能量阈值、轻气体目标(H、He、Ne)和高无线电纯探测器结构,可以获得50 MeV至10 GeV的质量范围。介绍了几个最近的发展,为新的直径140厘米的球形比例计数器的操作铺平了道路。在LSM使用4N铜和500 μ μxm电镀内层建造和调试,探测器现在安装在SNOLAB,在那里它已经开始数据采集。在现有探测器电镀的基础上,该合作直接在地下实验室中使用超纯铜电铸构建下一个探测器。讨论了ECUME的设计和构造,这是一个直径140厘米的球形比例计数器,完全在地下电成型,以及用下一代探测器在光暗物质搜索中达到中微子底灵敏度的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Search for low mass WIMP dark matter with DarkSide-50 用DarkSide-50寻找低质量WIMP暗物质
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.022
M. Kimura
DarkSide-50 is a direct dark matter detection experiment at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso that uses argon as the target material. Exploiting the ionization signal from a dual-phase time projection chamber filled with low-radioactivity argon, it has set the most stringent exclusion limit on WIMPs with a mass of few mathrm{GeV}/c^2GeV/c2. A new analysis has recently been carried out with a larger exposure, profiting from an improved understanding of the detector response and background model. An improvement of about a factor 10 in sensitivity is expected for a WIMP mass of 2 GeV/c^22.
DarkSide-50是格兰萨索国家实验室使用氩气作为目标材料的直接暗物质探测实验。利用充满低放射性氩的双相时间投影室的电离信号,对质量小于 mathm {GeV}/c^2GeV/c2的wimp设置了最严格的排除极限。得益于对探测器响应和背景模型的更好理解,最近进行了一项新的分析,其曝光量更大。对于质量为2gev /c^22的WIMP,预计灵敏度将提高约10倍。
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引用次数: 0
Directional dark matter searches 定向暗物质搜索
Pub Date : 2023-07-03 DOI: 10.21468/scipostphysproc.12.002
E. Baracchini
The importance of directly detect and experimentally probe the nature of Dark Matter (DM) is universally and incontrovertibly recognised as one of the most compelling tasks of today’s fundamental physics. Directional DM searches aim at developing experimental techniques that can give access to the measurement of the incoming direction of the DM particle. This can provide a correlation with an astrophysical source that no background whatsoever can mimic and offers an unique key for a positive, unambiguous identification of a DM signal.
直接探测和实验探测暗物质(DM)本质的重要性被普遍和无可争议地认为是当今基础物理学中最引人注目的任务之一。定向DM搜索旨在开发实验技术,可以测量DM粒子的入射方向。这可以提供与天体物理源的相关性,没有任何背景可以模仿,并为DM信号的积极,明确的识别提供了唯一的关键。
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引用次数: 0
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SciPost Physics Proceedings
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