A. Mandić, B. Gutic, Tatjana Kapicl-Ivkovic, Ljiljana Segedi-Mladenovic, Mihaela Mocko-Kacanski
SUMMARY Background: Incidence of endometrial carcinoma in Vojvodina is 15-20/100 000. In 75% cases, endometrial carci- noma is diagnosed in postmenopausal period. In 90 % of patients, the first clinical sign is postmenopausal bleeding. The aim of the study was to investigate clinical and histopathological characteristics in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. Methods: The study included 122 patients with postmenopausal bleeding. All of these patients underwent gynecologi- cal examination and vaginal ultrasound. We obtained materials for histopathological analysis by fractionate explorative curettage. Once we had definitive histopathological findings, we divided patients in two groups A (endometrial carci- noma) and B (benign changes). Results: We confirmed significant statistical differences between examined group A and B, including age (64.49 compared with 58.81 years), postmenopausal period (13.67 instead 9.11 years), and length of uterine corpus (6.41 instead 5.25 cm). Conclusion: Elderly women with longer postmenopausal interval and postmenopausal bleeding had increased risk for endometrial carcinoma. Measurement of endometrial thickness by transvaginal ultrasound appeared to be insufficient parameter for differentiating the benign from the malignant changes of endometrium. Patients with endometrial car- cinoma had significantly longer corpus of uterus comparing to patients with benign changes. Body mass index was not found to be significant risk factor in development of endometrial carcinoma in the examined groups. Obesity was diagnosed in both groups, suggesting that increased body mass index is a risk factor for development of pathological changes in endometrium, which could lead to postmenopausal bleeding.
{"title":"Clinical and histopathological characteristics in patients with postmenopausal bleeding","authors":"A. Mandić, B. Gutic, Tatjana Kapicl-Ivkovic, Ljiljana Segedi-Mladenovic, Mihaela Mocko-Kacanski","doi":"10.2298/AOO1301005M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1301005M","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Background: Incidence of endometrial carcinoma in Vojvodina is 15-20/100 000. In 75% cases, endometrial carci- noma is diagnosed in postmenopausal period. In 90 % of patients, the first clinical sign is postmenopausal bleeding. The aim of the study was to investigate clinical and histopathological characteristics in patients with postmenopausal bleeding. Methods: The study included 122 patients with postmenopausal bleeding. All of these patients underwent gynecologi- cal examination and vaginal ultrasound. We obtained materials for histopathological analysis by fractionate explorative curettage. Once we had definitive histopathological findings, we divided patients in two groups A (endometrial carci- noma) and B (benign changes). Results: We confirmed significant statistical differences between examined group A and B, including age (64.49 compared with 58.81 years), postmenopausal period (13.67 instead 9.11 years), and length of uterine corpus (6.41 instead 5.25 cm). Conclusion: Elderly women with longer postmenopausal interval and postmenopausal bleeding had increased risk for endometrial carcinoma. Measurement of endometrial thickness by transvaginal ultrasound appeared to be insufficient parameter for differentiating the benign from the malignant changes of endometrium. Patients with endometrial car- cinoma had significantly longer corpus of uterus comparing to patients with benign changes. Body mass index was not found to be significant risk factor in development of endometrial carcinoma in the examined groups. Obesity was diagnosed in both groups, suggesting that increased body mass index is a risk factor for development of pathological changes in endometrium, which could lead to postmenopausal bleeding.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"53 1","pages":"5-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2298/AOO1301005M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Mandić, L. Thurzó, D. Ninčić, M. Zivaljević, T. Dugandžija, R. Berkecz
www.onk.ns.ac.rs/Archive Vol 21, No. 3-4, December 2013 INTRODUCTION It is estimated that there are 65,697 new cases of ovarian cancer and 41,448 deaths in Europe each year (1). Ovarian cancer is among the sixth leading cancers in Vojvodina and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among female population in Vojvodina according to Cancer Registry of Vojvodina in 2010 (2). Only one fourth of women present with localized disease at diagnosis. The majority of ovarian cancer cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease (FIGO stage III-IV) (3). The prognosis for survival from ovarian cancer is largely dependent upon the extent of disease at diagnosis. Approximately 15% of patients are presented with disease confined to the ovaries and after surgery, their 5-year survival is more than 90%. A 5-year survival among patients with advanced disease (FIGO stage III-IV) is less than 30% (4). The etiology of ovarian cancer is poorly understood. Early diagnostic of ovarian cancer is mandatory. Still, there is not enough sensitive diagnostic tool for early detection that can be recommended. There are numerous methods that have been tested in the preoperative identification of adnexal masses suspicious for malignancy. The results of some trials have reported the efficacy of screening of asymptomatic women with annual measurement of CA 125 and transvaginal ultrasound examination but they have failed to demonstrate a reduction in mortality (5). Risk factors for developing ovarian cancer are numerous: ages (over 50), gene mutation (BRCA 1, BRCA 2, and Lynch II syndrome), geographic variations (higher incidence in North America, and North Europe), reproductive factors (nullipara, infertility), and hormonal factors (6). The most common histopathological type of ovarian cancer is epithelial cancer and the most common histological subtype is serous carcinoma (7). The clinical symptoms of early ovarian cancer are nonspecific such as abdominal pain, bloating, changes in bowel frequency, and urinary and/or pelvic symptoms (8-10). The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological data of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer from Hospital Registry for Malignant Disease in Oncology Institute of Vojvodina and Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged in South Great Plain region in Hungary, in the period 2007-2012.
{"title":"Epidemiological data of ovarian cancer in Vojvodina and south great plain region in Hungary in 2007-2012 period: Crossbiomark IPA PROJECT HUSRB/1203/214/091","authors":"A. Mandić, L. Thurzó, D. Ninčić, M. Zivaljević, T. Dugandžija, R. Berkecz","doi":"10.2298/AOO1304097M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1304097M","url":null,"abstract":"www.onk.ns.ac.rs/Archive Vol 21, No. 3-4, December 2013 INTRODUCTION It is estimated that there are 65,697 new cases of ovarian cancer and 41,448 deaths in Europe each year (1). Ovarian cancer is among the sixth leading cancers in Vojvodina and the fifth leading cause of cancer death among female population in Vojvodina according to Cancer Registry of Vojvodina in 2010 (2). Only one fourth of women present with localized disease at diagnosis. The majority of ovarian cancer cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease (FIGO stage III-IV) (3). The prognosis for survival from ovarian cancer is largely dependent upon the extent of disease at diagnosis. Approximately 15% of patients are presented with disease confined to the ovaries and after surgery, their 5-year survival is more than 90%. A 5-year survival among patients with advanced disease (FIGO stage III-IV) is less than 30% (4). The etiology of ovarian cancer is poorly understood. Early diagnostic of ovarian cancer is mandatory. Still, there is not enough sensitive diagnostic tool for early detection that can be recommended. There are numerous methods that have been tested in the preoperative identification of adnexal masses suspicious for malignancy. The results of some trials have reported the efficacy of screening of asymptomatic women with annual measurement of CA 125 and transvaginal ultrasound examination but they have failed to demonstrate a reduction in mortality (5). Risk factors for developing ovarian cancer are numerous: ages (over 50), gene mutation (BRCA 1, BRCA 2, and Lynch II syndrome), geographic variations (higher incidence in North America, and North Europe), reproductive factors (nullipara, infertility), and hormonal factors (6). The most common histopathological type of ovarian cancer is epithelial cancer and the most common histological subtype is serous carcinoma (7). The clinical symptoms of early ovarian cancer are nonspecific such as abdominal pain, bloating, changes in bowel frequency, and urinary and/or pelvic symptoms (8-10). The aim of this study was to evaluate epidemiological data of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer from Hospital Registry for Malignant Disease in Oncology Institute of Vojvodina and Department of Oncotherapy, University of Szeged in South Great Plain region in Hungary, in the period 2007-2012.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"21 1","pages":"97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Igor Ðan, B. Petrovic, M. Erak, S. Lučić, I. Nikolic, M. Petrović, Vladimir Ðan
{"title":"Influence of FDG/PET CT image registration and fusion on the anal canal carcinoma target volume delineation","authors":"Igor Ðan, B. Petrovic, M. Erak, S. Lučić, I. Nikolic, M. Petrović, Vladimir Ðan","doi":"10.2298/AOO1304143D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1304143D","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"21 1","pages":"143-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Ilinčić, Z. Stošić, V. Čabarkapa, R. Žeravica, R. Mijović
{"title":"Accurate assessment of renal function prior and after peptide receptor radionuclide therapy","authors":"B. Ilinčić, Z. Stošić, V. Čabarkapa, R. Žeravica, R. Mijović","doi":"10.2298/aoo1304146i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/aoo1304146i","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"21 1","pages":"146-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since its introduction into clinical medicine 50 years ago, the radionuclide bone scan has played a key role in diagnosing a variety of osseous disorders; particularly metastatic disease. Using small diagnostic doses of Strontium-85 in the 1960’s, it was rapidly established that the study was much more sensitive than skeletal radiographs. The introduction of Technetium-99m phosphate agents in the early 1970’s, offered greatly improved resolution. Whole body imaging became the standard procedure. Interestingly, the positron-emitter, Fluorine 18-sodium fluoride was used by some investigators with the rectilinear scanner. Very recently, this radiotracer has been re-introduced and is witnessing considerable growth using modern PET/CT instrumentation. The cortical bone tracers, 99mTc-MDP and 18F-Fluoride assess osteoblastic response to the invading lesion. In the study of metastatic disease, it is superb for sclerotic blastic lesions. Although it detects most lytic lesions, many can be missed. This is due to a lack of osteoblastic response. The tumor may be slow growing, such as myeloma or conversely very rapidly growing and destructive, such as lung or kidney metastases. In these lesions, 18F-FDG is superior because it is concentrating in the tumor cells and does not depend on osteoblastic response to the tumor. In their early cause, many lytic lesions may be confined to the medullary portion of bone and not yet involve the cortex. Comparative studies of PET and CT have clearly shown the superior sensitivity of FDG in detecting metastatic bone lesions.
{"title":"Bone: From planar imaging to SPECT & PET/CT","authors":"J. Mihailovic, L. Freeman","doi":"10.2298/AOO1204117M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1204117M","url":null,"abstract":"Since its introduction into clinical medicine 50 years ago, the radionuclide \u0000 bone scan has played a key role in diagnosing a variety of osseous disorders; \u0000 particularly metastatic disease. Using small diagnostic doses of Strontium-85 \u0000 in the 1960’s, it was rapidly established that the study was much more \u0000 sensitive than skeletal radiographs. The introduction of Technetium-99m \u0000 phosphate agents in the early 1970’s, offered greatly improved resolution. \u0000 Whole body imaging became the standard procedure. Interestingly, the \u0000 positron-emitter, Fluorine 18-sodium fluoride was used by some investigators \u0000 with the rectilinear scanner. Very recently, this radiotracer has been \u0000 re-introduced and is witnessing considerable growth using modern PET/CT \u0000 instrumentation. The cortical bone tracers, 99mTc-MDP and 18F-Fluoride assess \u0000 osteoblastic response to the invading lesion. In the study of metastatic \u0000 disease, it is superb for sclerotic blastic lesions. Although it detects most \u0000 lytic lesions, many can be missed. This is due to a lack of osteoblastic \u0000 response. The tumor may be slow growing, such as myeloma or conversely very \u0000 rapidly growing and destructive, such as lung or kidney metastases. In these \u0000 lesions, 18F-FDG is superior because it is concentrating in the tumor cells \u0000 and does not depend on osteoblastic response to the tumor. In their early \u0000 cause, many lytic lesions may be confined to the medullary portion of bone \u0000 and not yet involve the cortex. Comparative studies of PET and CT have \u0000 clearly shown the superior sensitivity of FDG in detecting metastatic bone \u0000 lesions.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"117-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2298/AOO1204117M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68401896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
2 SUMMARY PET/CT has proven to be extremely useful in studying neoplasms of the colon and esophagus. It has been less promising for lesions of the stomach, pancreas and hepatobiliary tract. Colorectal cancer is the third most common non-cutaneous cancer representing 13% of all malignancies. The use of colonoscopy has significantly contributed to the earlier detection and higher cure rate. PET/CT is not a screening procedure. It is very good for staging, recurrence detection and monitor- ing therapeutic interventions. It is excellent for detecting distant metastases, e.g. liver lesions, but is less accurate for detecting nodal involvement. The CT portion of the study enhances certainty of lesion localization and characterization. Esophageal cancer is less common in the U.S. in that it represents 7% of G-I cancers, but only 1% of all cancers. The major problem is that often it is advanced to Stages III or IV before it comes to clinical recognition. A 5-year survival has been improved from 3% to 10% by the use of induction chemoradiotherapy. PET has proven useful in staging and deter- mining resectability, monitoring response to therapy, radiotherapy treatment planning and distinguishing between post- op scar and residual or recurrent disease on CT. Gastric cancer results have been more variable. The intestinal (tubular variety) shows better uptake than the non-intestinal (signet ring cell) variety because of the greater mucous content of the latter which is associated with more false negatives. FDG uptake in pancreatic cancer is also variable. Attempts at distinguishing carcinoma from pancreatitis have been limited. When lesions do show uptake, PET/CT has been helpful in monitoring therapeutic interventions. Hepatocellular cancer demonstrates significant FDG uptake in only 50-70% of cases. Cholangio carcinomas; particularly the peripheral variety, do show significant FDG uptake.
{"title":"Positron emission tomography in neoplasms of the digestive system","authors":"J. Mihailovic, L. Freeman","doi":"10.2298/AOO1204086M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1204086M","url":null,"abstract":"2 SUMMARY PET/CT has proven to be extremely useful in studying neoplasms of the colon and esophagus. It has been less promising for lesions of the stomach, pancreas and hepatobiliary tract. Colorectal cancer is the third most common non-cutaneous cancer representing 13% of all malignancies. The use of colonoscopy has significantly contributed to the earlier detection and higher cure rate. PET/CT is not a screening procedure. It is very good for staging, recurrence detection and monitor- ing therapeutic interventions. It is excellent for detecting distant metastases, e.g. liver lesions, but is less accurate for detecting nodal involvement. The CT portion of the study enhances certainty of lesion localization and characterization. Esophageal cancer is less common in the U.S. in that it represents 7% of G-I cancers, but only 1% of all cancers. The major problem is that often it is advanced to Stages III or IV before it comes to clinical recognition. A 5-year survival has been improved from 3% to 10% by the use of induction chemoradiotherapy. PET has proven useful in staging and deter- mining resectability, monitoring response to therapy, radiotherapy treatment planning and distinguishing between post- op scar and residual or recurrent disease on CT. Gastric cancer results have been more variable. The intestinal (tubular variety) shows better uptake than the non-intestinal (signet ring cell) variety because of the greater mucous content of the latter which is associated with more false negatives. FDG uptake in pancreatic cancer is also variable. Attempts at distinguishing carcinoma from pancreatitis have been limited. When lesions do show uptake, PET/CT has been helpful in monitoring therapeutic interventions. Hepatocellular cancer demonstrates significant FDG uptake in only 50-70% of cases. Cholangio carcinomas; particularly the peripheral variety, do show significant FDG uptake.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"86-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2298/AOO1204086M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68401755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
th 2009 to February the 6 th 2012) with PRRT in Nuclear Medicine Center, Clinical Center Kragujevac. There were carci- noids in 8 cases (6pts had intestinal and 2pts had lung carcinoid), medullary thyroid carcinoma in 5 cases, pancreatic carcinoma in 3 cases, paraganlioma in 2 cases, pheochromocytoma in 2 cases and in 7 cases primary tumors were not detected. We used 56 doses of different kinds of radiopharmaceuticals: 32 doses of 90Y-DOTATOC, 12 doses of 177Lu-DOTATATE, and 12 doses combining the 90Y-DODTATOC and 177Lu-DOTATATE. The PRRT was given in cycles: 12 pts received one cycle, 9 pts two cycles, 4 pts three cycles, 1 patient 4cycles and 2 pts five cycles of PRRT. The radioactivity was 3.2-7.40 GBq per cycle, and intervals between cycles ranged from 6 to 8 weeks. Results: The response to PRRT was assessed by morphological imaging (MSCT and MRI) as well as by tumor marker follow up (CgA, 5-HIAA, catecholamines, CT and CEA). Seven pts (25.9%) had partial response (PR), 17 pts (63.0%) had stable disease (SD), and 3 pts (11.1%) had progressive disease (PD). None of our patients had complete response (CR). All patients received PRRT under renal protection with amino acid infusions. In spite of this precaution, two patients with previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus suffered from serious deterioration of renal function after PRRT. Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of PRRT observed in our case series was in accordance with previously published
{"title":"Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy of neuroendocrine tumors: Case series","authors":"M. Matović","doi":"10.2298/AOO1204143M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1204143M","url":null,"abstract":"th 2009 to February the 6 th 2012) with PRRT in Nuclear Medicine Center, Clinical Center Kragujevac. There were carci- noids in 8 cases (6pts had intestinal and 2pts had lung carcinoid), medullary thyroid carcinoma in 5 cases, pancreatic carcinoma in 3 cases, paraganlioma in 2 cases, pheochromocytoma in 2 cases and in 7 cases primary tumors were not detected. We used 56 doses of different kinds of radiopharmaceuticals: 32 doses of 90Y-DOTATOC, 12 doses of 177Lu-DOTATATE, and 12 doses combining the 90Y-DODTATOC and 177Lu-DOTATATE. The PRRT was given in cycles: 12 pts received one cycle, 9 pts two cycles, 4 pts three cycles, 1 patient 4cycles and 2 pts five cycles of PRRT. The radioactivity was 3.2-7.40 GBq per cycle, and intervals between cycles ranged from 6 to 8 weeks. Results: The response to PRRT was assessed by morphological imaging (MSCT and MRI) as well as by tumor marker follow up (CgA, 5-HIAA, catecholamines, CT and CEA). Seven pts (25.9%) had partial response (PR), 17 pts (63.0%) had stable disease (SD), and 3 pts (11.1%) had progressive disease (PD). None of our patients had complete response (CR). All patients received PRRT under renal protection with amino acid infusions. In spite of this precaution, two patients with previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus suffered from serious deterioration of renal function after PRRT. Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of PRRT observed in our case series was in accordance with previously published","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"143-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2298/AOO1204143M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68402042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-15726-4_3
C. Aparici, A. Avram, Á. Castrejón, R. Dvorak, P. Erba, J. Fettich, José Manuel Cordero García, V. M. P. García, R. Hawkins, M. Hodolič, P. T. Rubio, Youngho Seo, A. M. G. Vicente, J. Woll, K. Wong
{"title":"SPECT/CT for tumour imaging","authors":"C. Aparici, A. Avram, Á. Castrejón, R. Dvorak, P. Erba, J. Fettich, José Manuel Cordero García, V. M. P. García, R. Hawkins, M. Hodolič, P. T. Rubio, Youngho Seo, A. M. G. Vicente, J. Woll, K. Wong","doi":"10.1007/978-3-642-15726-4_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15726-4_3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"20 1","pages":"15-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-3-642-15726-4_3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51073906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The diagnostic imaging procedures that have a role in detection of malignant thyroid tissue are radioiodine (131I) diagnostic whole-body scintigraphy (WBS), neck ultrasound, and CT and MRI for evaluation of the mediastinal area. Despite excellent morphologic characterization of metastatic nodal recurrences, MRI cannot reliably make a differentiation between benign and malignant lymph nodes. Although it detects enlarged metastatic lymph nodes, there are also many small nodal metastases that are usually missed. In one-third of patients with well differentiated thyroid carcinoma, there are carcinomas with dedifferentiated tumor cells: metastatic tissue may not concentrate radioiodine well; thus 131I-WBS is negative despite elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) levels. Although MRI helps in detection of these non-iodine avid metastases, FDG PET/CT can perform more effectively. Due to its high glycolytic rate, changes in glucose transport systems and hexokinase activity, [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulates in malignant tissue and is useful for identification of distant metastases in these patients. Iodine positive metastases are often negative with FDG-PET imaging while iodine negative metastases exhibit increased FDG-uptake. If a metastatic lesion is identified by FDG positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT), the usual approach is to first send the patient to surgery for removal of neoplastic tissue, if possible. This is followed by re-treatment with 131I therapy after tumor redifferentiation with retinoic acid. In a limited number of patients, iodine negative thyroid cancer may express somatostatin receptors and radiopeptide therapy may be utilized. FDG PET/CT is a hybrid imaging diagnostic tool which helps in detection of non-iodine avid metastases. It has a role in exact localization of recurrences which will assist in the decision to remove the malignant tissue surgically.
{"title":"PET/CT in thyroid carcinoma","authors":"J. Mihailovic","doi":"10.2298/AOO1204112M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/AOO1204112M","url":null,"abstract":"The diagnostic imaging procedures that have a role in detection of malignant thyroid tissue are radioiodine (131I) diagnostic whole-body scintigraphy (WBS), neck ultrasound, and CT and MRI for evaluation of the mediastinal area. Despite excellent morphologic characterization of metastatic nodal recurrences, MRI cannot reliably make a differentiation between benign and malignant lymph nodes. Although it detects enlarged metastatic lymph nodes, there are also many small nodal metastases that are usually missed. In one-third of patients with well differentiated thyroid carcinoma, there are carcinomas with dedifferentiated tumor cells: metastatic tissue may not concentrate radioiodine well; thus 131I-WBS is negative despite elevated thyroglobulin (Tg) levels. Although MRI helps in detection of these non-iodine avid metastases, FDG PET/CT can perform more effectively. Due to its high glycolytic rate, changes in glucose transport systems and hexokinase activity, [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulates in malignant tissue and is useful for identification of distant metastases in these patients. Iodine positive metastases are often negative with FDG-PET imaging while iodine negative metastases exhibit increased FDG-uptake. If a metastatic lesion is identified by FDG positron emission tomography/ computed tomography (PET/CT), the usual approach is to first send the patient to surgery for removal of neoplastic tissue, if possible. This is followed by re-treatment with 131I therapy after tumor redifferentiation with retinoic acid. In a limited number of patients, iodine negative thyroid cancer may express somatostatin receptors and radiopeptide therapy may be utilized. FDG PET/CT is a hybrid imaging diagnostic tool which helps in detection of non-iodine avid metastases. It has a role in exact localization of recurrences which will assist in the decision to remove the malignant tissue surgically.","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"21 1","pages":"112-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2298/AOO1204112M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68401871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4021-5_1
S. Goldsmith
{"title":"Radioimmunotherapy of Lymphoma","authors":"S. Goldsmith","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4614-4021-5_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4021-5_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35645,"journal":{"name":"Archive of Oncology","volume":"7 9","pages":"3-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-1-4614-4021-5_1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50978118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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