Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.152-163
D. Stepanenko, V. Nazarov
Introduction. Activities related to the repair and maintenance of vertical tanks of various design types are carried out both according to the work plan and unscheduled. Such work is often facilitated by both the expiration of the service life of obsolete tanks and corrosion of the internal surfaces, which is one of the main factors affecting the life of the tank. Goals and objectives. Due to the fact that volatile oil products are often stored in tanks with a pontoon, their repair and maintenance is an extremely fire and explosion hazardous event. To provide an explosion-proof vapor-air environment, forced ventilation is used, and special attention is drawn to recent studies devoted to an innovative "vortex" method of organizing ventilation of the internal space of the tank, which has not been previously used on a tank with a pontoon. Methods. To substantiate the effectiveness of the application of an innovative method of organizing ventilation for a tank with a pontoon, empirical research methods were used, as well as analytical numerical calculations to determine the average theoretical air mobility. Results and its discussion. The article proposes to pay attention to the innovative way of organizing ventilation of a reservoir with a pontoon as the most effective, relative to other methods of organizing ventilation, and the results of a numerical experiment to determine the average theoretical air mobility using the V.M. Elterman formula were compared with experimental ones. Conclusion. The results of experiments on the mass loss of the studied liquids and air mobility inside the experimental tank show that the innovative method is more effective than other ventilation methods. However, the results of numerical experiments cast doubt on the advisability of using the Elterman formula for generalizing experimental data as applied to the ventilation of experimental tanks with small volumes. Keywords: reservoir with a pontoon, forced ventilation, air mobility, liquid mass loss
{"title":"Study of air mobility and liquid mass loss during ventilation of an experimental tank","authors":"D. Stepanenko, V. Nazarov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.152-163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.152-163","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Activities related to the repair and maintenance of vertical tanks of various design types are carried out both according to the work plan and unscheduled. Such work is often facilitated by both the expiration of the service life of obsolete tanks and corrosion of the internal surfaces, which is one of the main factors affecting the life of the tank. Goals and objectives. Due to the fact that volatile oil products are often stored in tanks with a pontoon, their repair and maintenance is an extremely fire and explosion hazardous event. To provide an explosion-proof vapor-air environment, forced ventilation is used, and special attention is drawn to recent studies devoted to an innovative \"vortex\" method of organizing ventilation of the internal space of the tank, which has not been previously used on a tank with a pontoon. Methods. To substantiate the effectiveness of the application of an innovative method of organizing ventilation for a tank with a pontoon, empirical research methods were used, as well as analytical numerical calculations to determine the average theoretical air mobility. Results and its discussion. The article proposes to pay attention to the innovative way of organizing ventilation of a reservoir with a pontoon as the most effective, relative to other methods of organizing ventilation, and the results of a numerical experiment to determine the average theoretical air mobility using the V.M. Elterman formula were compared with experimental ones. Conclusion. The results of experiments on the mass loss of the studied liquids and air mobility inside the experimental tank show that the innovative method is more effective than other ventilation methods. However, the results of numerical experiments cast doubt on the advisability of using the Elterman formula for generalizing experimental data as applied to the ventilation of experimental tanks with small volumes. Keywords: reservoir with a pontoon, forced ventilation, air mobility, liquid mass loss","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131761318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.79-93
N. Topolsky, S. Butuzov, V. Vilisov, V. Semikov
Introduction. It is important to have models that adequately describe the relationship between the integral indicators of the functioning of the system with the particular indicators of the lower levels of management in complex control systems, in particular in RSChS. Traditional approaches based on normative models often turn out to be untenable due to the impossibility of covering all aspects of the functioning of such systems, as well as due to the high variability of the environment and the values of the set of target indicators. Recently, adaptive machine-learning models have proven to be productive, allowing build stable and adequate models, one of the variants of which is artificial neural networks (ANN), based on the solution of inverse problems using expert estimates. The relevance of the study lies in the development of compact models that allow assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of complex multi-level control systems (RSChS) in emergency situations, developing according to complex scenarios, in which emergencies of various types can occur simultaneously. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is to build and test the technology for creating compact models that are adequate to the system of indicators of the functioning of hierarchically organized control systems. This goal gives rise to the task of choosing tools for constructing the necessary models and sources of initial data. Methods. The research tools include methods for analyzing hierarchical systems, mathematical statistics, machine learning methods of ANN, simulation modeling, expert assessment methods, software systems for processing statistical data. The research is based on materials from domestic and foreign publications. Results and discussion. The proposed technology for constructing a neural network model of the effectiveness of the functioning of complex hierarchical systems provides a basis for constructing dynamic models of this type, which make it possible to distribute limited financial and other resources during the operation of the system according to a complex scenario of emergency response. Conclusion. The paper presents the results of solving the problem of constructing an ANN and its corresponding nonlinear function, reflecting the relationship between the performance indicators of the lower levels of the hierarchical control system (RSChS) with the upper level. The neural network model constructed in this way can be used in the decision support system for resource management in the context of complex scenarios for the development of emergency situations. The use of expert assessments as an information basis makes it possible to take into account numerous target indicators, which are extremely difficult to take into account in other ways. Keywords: emergency situations, hierarchical control system, efficiency, artificial neural network, expert assessments
{"title":"Neural network modeling of the efficiency of response to emergency situations in a multi-level control system","authors":"N. Topolsky, S. Butuzov, V. Vilisov, V. Semikov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.79-93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.79-93","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. It is important to have models that adequately describe the relationship between the integral indicators of the functioning of the system with the particular indicators of the lower levels of management in complex control systems, in particular in RSChS. Traditional approaches based on normative models often turn out to be untenable due to the impossibility of covering all aspects of the functioning of such systems, as well as due to the high variability of the environment and the values of the set of target indicators. Recently, adaptive machine-learning models have proven to be productive, allowing build stable and adequate models, one of the variants of which is artificial neural networks (ANN), based on the solution of inverse problems using expert estimates. The relevance of the study lies in the development of compact models that allow assessing the effectiveness of the functioning of complex multi-level control systems (RSChS) in emergency situations, developing according to complex scenarios, in which emergencies of various types can occur simultaneously. Goals and objectives. The purpose of the article is to build and test the technology for creating compact models that are adequate to the system of indicators of the functioning of hierarchically organized control systems. This goal gives rise to the task of choosing tools for constructing the necessary models and sources of initial data. Methods. The research tools include methods for analyzing hierarchical systems, mathematical statistics, machine learning methods of ANN, simulation modeling, expert assessment methods, software systems for processing statistical data. The research is based on materials from domestic and foreign publications. Results and discussion. The proposed technology for constructing a neural network model of the effectiveness of the functioning of complex hierarchical systems provides a basis for constructing dynamic models of this type, which make it possible to distribute limited financial and other resources during the operation of the system according to a complex scenario of emergency response. Conclusion. The paper presents the results of solving the problem of constructing an ANN and its corresponding nonlinear function, reflecting the relationship between the performance indicators of the lower levels of the hierarchical control system (RSChS) with the upper level. The neural network model constructed in this way can be used in the decision support system for resource management in the context of complex scenarios for the development of emergency situations. The use of expert assessments as an information basis makes it possible to take into account numerous target indicators, which are extremely difficult to take into account in other ways. Keywords: emergency situations, hierarchical control system, efficiency, artificial neural network, expert assessments","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"26 1-2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116555512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.1.95.8-21
V. Rubtsov, V. Le, Van Han Tran
Introduction. The study of the formation of explosive concentrations of vapors of flammable liquids (hereinafter referred to as flammable liquids – LVL) in the gas space of a tank with a floating roof when pumping oil out of it during a fire of a neighboring tank in oil storage facilities in Vietnam. Goal and tasks. Consider the reasons for the spread of fire from a burning vertical, steel floating-roof oil storage tank (hereinafter – RVSPK) to an adjacent non-burning RVSPK with oil. Develop a program of experiments. Create an industrial experimental setup for measuring explosive and fire hazardous concentrations of light oil fractions above the floating roof of a full-scale reservoir with a volume of 65 000 m3 of crude oil. Conduct an experiment to measure the concentration of light fractions of oil over a floating roof during pumping. To experimentally determine the possibility of the formation of explosive and fire hazardous concentrations of light fractions of oil (methane), within the lower concentration limit of flame propagation, in the steam space above the floating roof of the RVSPK in real time in the process of lowering the level of the floating roof during pumping out oil in the event of a fire on a neighboring tank. Method. Analysis. Full-scale experiment. Results and discussion. A natural experiment was carried out. The results of studies on the distribution of concentrations of combustible vapors of light fractions of oil (methane) in the gas space above the floating roof of a non-combustible tank of 65000 m3 during oil pumping are obtained. The most probable places of formation of explosive concentrations are determined. To reduce the fire load, the risk of fire spread, possible damage and death caused by fire in large-capacity RVSPK oil storage facilities in Vietnam, it is proposed to pump oil from the adjacent RVSPK to the burning RVSPK in combination with concentration control in the aerodynamic shadow zone inside the RVSPK gas space. Conclusions. When crude oil is pumped out of the tank in the annular zone around the floating roof, an explosive methane-air mixture zone is formed with a methane concentration reaching the lower concentration limit of flame propagation. Keywords: fire, fire and explosion safety, reservoir, floating roof, concentration, combustion.
{"title":"Experimental evaluation of the formation of an explosive environment over the floating roof of an oil storage tank during pumping out of a neighboring tank in case of fire","authors":"V. Rubtsov, V. Le, Van Han Tran","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.1.95.8-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.1.95.8-21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The study of the formation of explosive concentrations of vapors of flammable liquids (hereinafter referred to as flammable liquids – LVL) in the gas space of a tank with a floating roof when pumping oil out of it during a fire of a neighboring tank in oil storage facilities in Vietnam. Goal and tasks. Consider the reasons for the spread of fire from a burning vertical, steel floating-roof oil storage tank (hereinafter – RVSPK) to an adjacent non-burning RVSPK with oil. Develop a program of experiments. Create an industrial experimental setup for measuring explosive and fire hazardous concentrations of light oil fractions above the floating roof of a full-scale reservoir with a volume of 65 000 m3 of crude oil. Conduct an experiment to measure the concentration of light fractions of oil over a floating roof during pumping. To experimentally determine the possibility of the formation of explosive and fire hazardous concentrations of light fractions of oil (methane), within the lower concentration limit of flame propagation, in the steam space above the floating roof of the RVSPK in real time in the process of lowering the level of the floating roof during pumping out oil in the event of a fire on a neighboring tank. Method. Analysis. Full-scale experiment. Results and discussion. A natural experiment was carried out. The results of studies on the distribution of concentrations of combustible vapors of light fractions of oil (methane) in the gas space above the floating roof of a non-combustible tank of 65000 m3 during oil pumping are obtained. The most probable places of formation of explosive concentrations are determined. To reduce the fire load, the risk of fire spread, possible damage and death caused by fire in large-capacity RVSPK oil storage facilities in Vietnam, it is proposed to pump oil from the adjacent RVSPK to the burning RVSPK in combination with concentration control in the aerodynamic shadow zone inside the RVSPK gas space. Conclusions. When crude oil is pumped out of the tank in the annular zone around the floating roof, an explosive methane-air mixture zone is formed with a methane concentration reaching the lower concentration limit of flame propagation. Keywords: fire, fire and explosion safety, reservoir, floating roof, concentration, combustion.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130645143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.1.95.141-153
Alexander Valerievich Shcherbakov, A. Denisov
Introduction. The article presents the organizational structure and management system of "Public Associations of Fire Protection" as an element of the fire safety system in the context of the prospects of application by authorized executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation, local self-government to ensure fire safety. In general, the article is devoted to the tactical capabilities of the units of the voluntary fire protection to support managerial decision-making in achieving the goals set by the leadership in the field of fire safety. The tasks of the research are to analyze the organizational component of the "Public associations of fire protection"; to consider the tactical potential of the units of the voluntary fire protection for the intended purpose, level of equipment, structure and order of recruitment for participation (or) extinguishing fires. Methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used. Results and discussions. Tactical capabilities have been developed for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the functioning and preparation for actions under the designation "Public Associations of Fire protection". A proposal has been put forward for their application at the stage of actions carried out at the fire site. Conclusions. The presented material theoretically substantiates the provisions of its application, the need for fundamental and applied research on this topic, including the assessment of the effect of the tactical potential of voluntary fire protection units of certain types in the relevant municipalities, on protected objects of various functional purposes to support management decisions in ensuring fire safety in terms of choosing the best technical and operational indicators and economic feasibility. Key words: public associations of fire protection, voluntary fire protection, voluntary fire brigades, voluntary fire brigades.
{"title":"Tactical potential of units voluntary fire protection in the fire safety system","authors":"Alexander Valerievich Shcherbakov, A. Denisov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.1.95.141-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.1.95.141-153","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article presents the organizational structure and management system of \"Public Associations of Fire Protection\" as an element of the fire safety system in the context of the prospects of application by authorized executive authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation, local self-government to ensure fire safety. In general, the article is devoted to the tactical capabilities of the units of the voluntary fire protection to support managerial decision-making in achieving the goals set by the leadership in the field of fire safety. The tasks of the research are to analyze the organizational component of the \"Public associations of fire protection\"; to consider the tactical potential of the units of the voluntary fire protection for the intended purpose, level of equipment, structure and order of recruitment for participation (or) extinguishing fires. Methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used. Results and discussions. Tactical capabilities have been developed for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the functioning and preparation for actions under the designation \"Public Associations of Fire protection\". A proposal has been put forward for their application at the stage of actions carried out at the fire site. Conclusions. The presented material theoretically substantiates the provisions of its application, the need for fundamental and applied research on this topic, including the assessment of the effect of the tactical potential of voluntary fire protection units of certain types in the relevant municipalities, on protected objects of various functional purposes to support management decisions in ensuring fire safety in terms of choosing the best technical and operational indicators and economic feasibility. Key words: public associations of fire protection, voluntary fire protection, voluntary fire brigades, voluntary fire brigades.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"187 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133187146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.97-104
Denis Anatolyevich Berezhnoy, S. Butuzov, Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Novikov, Rodion Sergeevich Markov
Introduction. The author's methods for modeling the level of danger of federal highways are considered. A method is proposed for ranking emergency situations caused by accidents in road transport, using color codes to indicate the level of danger. Research objective: to improve the efficiency of response to emergencies caused by accidents in road transport. Development of an algorithm for ranking emergencies caused by road transport accidents in order to develop an information and analytical decision support system responsible for predicting and responding to road transport accidents. Methods. To solve the decision-making problem in predicting emergencies caused by accidents in road transport, a method was used to determine criteria that can be used to accurately determine whether the presented object belongs to the corresponding class. To achieve the goal of reducing the trend of increasing accidents in road transport and timely response to these threats, it is proposed to rank the criteria, depending on the vulnerability of the road section and the presence of factors affecting traffic safety, according to hazard levels, indicating specific preventive measures for the authorities. Results and discussion. A method is presented for determining criteria that can be used to accurately determine whether the presented object belongs to the corresponding class. This method allows you to rank sections of federal highways according to hazard levels. Findings. The developed algorithm for predicting the level of danger on sections of federal highways will reduce the growth of emergencies caused by accidents on vehicles, thanks to the timely implementation of preventive measures to prevent traffic accidents on dangerous sections of roads. Based on this algorithm, it is possible to develop an information and analytical decision support system for the senior operational duty control center in crisis situations and other officials responsible for predicting and responding to accidents in road transport. Keywords: emergency forecasting, road transport accidents, traffic accident, decision support system, federal highways.
{"title":"Algorithm for assessing the level of danger of federal highways","authors":"Denis Anatolyevich Berezhnoy, S. Butuzov, Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Novikov, Rodion Sergeevich Markov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.97-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.4.98.97-104","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The author's methods for modeling the level of danger of federal highways are considered. A method is proposed for ranking emergency situations caused by accidents in road transport, using color codes to indicate the level of danger. Research objective: to improve the efficiency of response to emergencies caused by accidents in road transport. Development of an algorithm for ranking emergencies caused by road transport accidents in order to develop an information and analytical decision support system responsible for predicting and responding to road transport accidents. Methods. To solve the decision-making problem in predicting emergencies caused by accidents in road transport, a method was used to determine criteria that can be used to accurately determine whether the presented object belongs to the corresponding class. To achieve the goal of reducing the trend of increasing accidents in road transport and timely response to these threats, it is proposed to rank the criteria, depending on the vulnerability of the road section and the presence of factors affecting traffic safety, according to hazard levels, indicating specific preventive measures for the authorities. Results and discussion. A method is presented for determining criteria that can be used to accurately determine whether the presented object belongs to the corresponding class. This method allows you to rank sections of federal highways according to hazard levels. Findings. The developed algorithm for predicting the level of danger on sections of federal highways will reduce the growth of emergencies caused by accidents on vehicles, thanks to the timely implementation of preventive measures to prevent traffic accidents on dangerous sections of roads. Based on this algorithm, it is possible to develop an information and analytical decision support system for the senior operational duty control center in crisis situations and other officials responsible for predicting and responding to accidents in road transport. Keywords: emergency forecasting, road transport accidents, traffic accident, decision support system, federal highways.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129730676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2021.4.94.8-19
Died on November 23, 2021 at the age of 76 the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Academician of the National Academy of Fire Safety Sciences (NASPB) and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS), Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Honorary Professor of the Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia and a number of foreign universities, honorary worker of higher professional education of the Russian Federation, retired colonel of the Internal Service Nikolai Grigorievich Topolsky. A scientific biography of N.G. Topolsky is given, an analysis of the 30-year activity of the scientific school founded by him on automated systems and means of preventing and excluding fires is carried out, noted the contribution to the scientific activity of the Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia. Key words: Nikolai Grigorievich Topolsky, scientific biography, international scientific school, results of scientific activity, scientific works.
{"title":"In memory of Topolsky Nikolai Grigorievich","authors":"","doi":"10.25257/tts.2021.4.94.8-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.4.94.8-19","url":null,"abstract":"Died on November 23, 2021 at the age of 76 the Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Academician of the National Academy of Fire Safety Sciences (NASPB) and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (RANS), Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Honorary Professor of the Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia and a number of foreign universities, honorary worker of higher professional education of the Russian Federation, retired colonel of the Internal Service Nikolai Grigorievich Topolsky. A scientific biography of N.G. Topolsky is given, an analysis of the 30-year activity of the scientific school founded by him on automated systems and means of preventing and excluding fires is carried out, noted the contribution to the scientific activity of the Academy of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia. Key words: Nikolai Grigorievich Topolsky, scientific biography, international scientific school, results of scientific activity, scientific works.","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"317 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132552619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.47-56
A. Chlenov, A. Kochegarov, A. M. Aleshkov
Introduction. When training fire safety specialists, it is practically important to acquire skills in assessing the fire hazard of accidents with the release of flammable gases (GG) and vapors of flammable liquids (FL). The task of detecting hazardous concentrations of these substances is performed by gas analysis systems, the main element of which is gas analyzers. Goals and objectives. The aim of the study is to create a gas analysis installation for determining the main metrological characteristics of gas analyzers in a training laboratory. The tasks include the analysis of an existing installation that complies with the current standard, consideration of the design of the test chamber and the methodology for its application for the study of gas analyzers with a diffusion supply of the analyzed medium. The methods include system analysis and mathematical assessment of physical processes occurring in the test chamber during the preparation and conduct of research. Results and discussion. The article proposes and substantiates the design of a laboratory facility, in which a given volumetric concentration of the explosive substance under investigation is created in a special chamber with the help of a dispenser. Mathematical expressions have been obtained to determine the required amount of flammable liquids. The method of preparation of the installation and options for its use for laboratory work are considered. This technique is simple and ensures the safety of industrial gas analyzers research. Conclusions. The article substantiates the design of the gas analysis unit using a special chamber as a source of the gas mixture (GM). A mathematical model of the formation of HMs with a given volumetric concentration of flammable liquids vapors is obtained, based on the Mendeleev-Cliperon equation. The technique of preparing a chamber for determining the metrological characteristics of gas analyzers in a training laboratory is considered. Keywords: explosive gas, gas analyzer, laboratory facility, ideal gas equation, test chamber
{"title":"Testing of metrological parameters of analyzers of explosive gases in laboratory conditions","authors":"A. Chlenov, A. Kochegarov, A. M. Aleshkov","doi":"10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.47-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.2.92.47-56","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. When training fire safety specialists, it is practically important to acquire skills in assessing the fire hazard of accidents with the release of flammable gases (GG) and vapors of flammable liquids (FL). The task of detecting hazardous concentrations of these substances is performed by gas analysis systems, the main element of which is gas analyzers. Goals and objectives. The aim of the study is to create a gas analysis installation for determining the main metrological characteristics of gas analyzers in a training laboratory. The tasks include the analysis of an existing installation that complies with the current standard, consideration of the design of the test chamber and the methodology for its application for the study of gas analyzers with a diffusion supply of the analyzed medium. The methods include system analysis and mathematical assessment of physical processes occurring in the test chamber during the preparation and conduct of research. Results and discussion. The article proposes and substantiates the design of a laboratory facility, in which a given volumetric concentration of the explosive substance under investigation is created in a special chamber with the help of a dispenser. Mathematical expressions have been obtained to determine the required amount of flammable liquids. The method of preparation of the installation and options for its use for laboratory work are considered. This technique is simple and ensures the safety of industrial gas analyzers research. Conclusions. The article substantiates the design of the gas analysis unit using a special chamber as a source of the gas mixture (GM). A mathematical model of the formation of HMs with a given volumetric concentration of flammable liquids vapors is obtained, based on the Mendeleev-Cliperon equation. The technique of preparing a chamber for determining the metrological characteristics of gas analyzers in a training laboratory is considered. Keywords: explosive gas, gas analyzer, laboratory facility, ideal gas equation, test chamber","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134355314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2022.2.96.103-122
Sh. K. Kadiev, Renat Shamil'yevich Khabibulin, Natalya Yuryevna Ryzhenko
Introduction. Timely response to emergency situations is an urgent task in the framework of improving management in the structure of EMERCOM of Russian. The high need for the rapid creation and development of digital products, the management of digital services require a rethinking of approaches to the organizational and functional structures of government bodies. The rapid development of artificial intelligence models and algorithms inevitably leads to digital transformation processes, including at the stage of emergency response. To identify problems at the stage of responding to emergencies, a survey questionnaire was drawn up for specialists and employees of Crisis Management Centers of EMERCOM of Russia. The system of Crisis Management Centers of EMERCOM of Russia provides a solution to many complexly structured control tasks. Targets and goals. The aim of the work is to determine the priority of emergency criteria for their subsequent classification and search in the knowledge base. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to conduct a survey of specialists of Crisis Management Centers of EMERCOM of Russia on the widest range of issues in the field of emergency response. Methods. In the course of the work, statistical and dispersion-correlation analysis of the obtained data was carried out. Expert opinions were ranked, after which their consistency was determined. Results and its discussion. Conducted a survey of employees of Crisis Management Centers of EMERCOM of Russia (430 specialists) in 15 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, survey results were analyzed in order to obtain data to determine the number of response forces and means. A priority sequence of criteria has been obtained for three types of emergency situations: transport accidents, explosions (including those with subsequent burning) and (or) destruction (collapse) in buildings and structures, accidents in life support systems. This sequence is necessary to classify and search for emergencies in the knowledge base in order to determine the required number of forces and means to respond. Conclusions. The application of the results of the work will allow carrying out procedures for classifying emergencies, ranking their criteria, as well as determining the required number of forces and means for response. Keywords: survey, emergency, crisis management center, dispersion-correlation analysis, classification, ranking.
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2019.4.86.45-52
A. A. Ivakin, M. M. Sharanova, D. A. Samoshin
{"title":"Problems of protection of residential buildings by technical means of fire automation systems","authors":"A. A. Ivakin, M. M. Sharanova, D. A. Samoshin","doi":"10.25257/tts.2019.4.86.45-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2019.4.86.45-52","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"189 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133976991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.208-225
V. Sednev
Introduction. The increasing number and duration of the consequences of emergency situations associated with the violation of the conditions of normal living of people requires the creation of autonomous temporary field camps to accommodate the affected population, which, as a rule, create and maintain rescue formations. In the complex of tasks aimed at providing life support to the affected population and rescue units in field camps, their electric power supply plays an important role. However, there are no autonomous sources of electric energy for the power supply of life support for people in the field in the organizational and staff structure of rescue units. At the same time, it is necessary to determine the number of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support for people in field camps, not only taking into account the application of the provisions for calculating the electrical loads of consumers, but also taking into account additional factors, in particular, taking into account the output of electric energy sources for operational reasons, the failure of service personnel, the organization of technical support of the power supply system, its planning, repair. The purpose of the study. Electric power supply of field points of temporary accommodation of the affected population and rescue units, ensuring the reliability of their electric power supply, minimizing the influence of the uncertainty factor when planning their power consumption. Research methods. The main provisions of the calculation of electrical loads, system theory, set theory, probability theory and the apparatus of mathematical statistics. The results of the study. Recommendations have been developed on the composition of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support to the affected population and rescue units when placed in field camps, taking into account additional factors affecting their composition, in particular, the output of electric energy sources for operational reasons, the failure of maintenance personnel, the organization of technical support of the power supply system and other issues. Conclusion. The scientific and methodological approach is justified, which allows taking into account additional factors affecting the formation of the composition of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support of people in temporary accommodation points, which, in combination with scientific and methodological approaches to substantiate the electrical loads of consumers, allows us to develop a comprehensive scientific and methodological approach to substantiate the composition of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support of people. The resulting composition of electric energy sources can be refined and serves as an example of assessing the stability of the power supply system, the criterion of stability of which is its ability to provide consumers with electric energy. Keywords: temporary accommodation point, a
{"title":"Recommendations on the composition of means for power supply and life support of the affected population and rescue units during field deployment","authors":"V. Sednev","doi":"10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.208-225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25257/tts.2021.3.93.208-225","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The increasing number and duration of the consequences of emergency situations associated with the violation of the conditions of normal living of people requires the creation of autonomous temporary field camps to accommodate the affected population, which, as a rule, create and maintain rescue formations. In the complex of tasks aimed at providing life support to the affected population and rescue units in field camps, their electric power supply plays an important role. However, there are no autonomous sources of electric energy for the power supply of life support for people in the field in the organizational and staff structure of rescue units. At the same time, it is necessary to determine the number of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support for people in field camps, not only taking into account the application of the provisions for calculating the electrical loads of consumers, but also taking into account additional factors, in particular, taking into account the output of electric energy sources for operational reasons, the failure of service personnel, the organization of technical support of the power supply system, its planning, repair. The purpose of the study. Electric power supply of field points of temporary accommodation of the affected population and rescue units, ensuring the reliability of their electric power supply, minimizing the influence of the uncertainty factor when planning their power consumption. Research methods. The main provisions of the calculation of electrical loads, system theory, set theory, probability theory and the apparatus of mathematical statistics. The results of the study. Recommendations have been developed on the composition of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support to the affected population and rescue units when placed in field camps, taking into account additional factors affecting their composition, in particular, the output of electric energy sources for operational reasons, the failure of maintenance personnel, the organization of technical support of the power supply system and other issues. Conclusion. The scientific and methodological approach is justified, which allows taking into account additional factors affecting the formation of the composition of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support of people in temporary accommodation points, which, in combination with scientific and methodological approaches to substantiate the electrical loads of consumers, allows us to develop a comprehensive scientific and methodological approach to substantiate the composition of electric energy sources for the power supply of life support of people. The resulting composition of electric energy sources can be refined and serves as an example of assessing the stability of the power supply system, the criterion of stability of which is its ability to provide consumers with electric energy. Keywords: temporary accommodation point, a","PeriodicalId":356653,"journal":{"name":"Technology of technosphere safety","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122161998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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