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2019 20th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)最新文献

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A Combined Methodology to Include System Effects in Board-Level Stress Simulations 在板级应力模拟中包含系统效应的综合方法
R. Dudek, M. Hildebrandt, S. Rzepka, R. Döring, L. Scheiter, Bastian Tröger, Mengjia Zhang, R. Ortmann
The development of automotive electronics towards autonomous driving applications generates various challenges, in particular also on the reliable functionality of components originally designed for consumer products. In addition to use with higher environmental loadings, e.g. higher temperatures, the microsystems must also stay reliable in other mounting situations. For analysis of these effects a methodology has been developed combining FEA and high precision optical measuring techniques for determination of in-plane and out-of-plane (warpage) deformations. A systematic study on mounting effects, i.e. on 3rd level reliability is reported New test setups were constructed to investigate effects of mounting. The “ 3rd level ” component loadings are either from screwing on aluminum plates or from four-point bending loading stages. For both test setups, a mismatch loading from the aluminum-baseplate is superimposed on the component-board mismatch loading. Sensor systems in QFN packages were chosen from the spectrum of characteristic CE packages. Both in-plane and warpage effects are studied from 1st to 3rd level by the combined method Simulation assumptions are discussed From the results it is shown that intrinsic deformations and warpages need to be considered directly in AE system design and indirectly when evaluating stress risks, e.g. for solder fatigue.
汽车电子向自动驾驶应用的发展带来了各种挑战,特别是最初为消费产品设计的组件的可靠功能。除了使用更高的环境负载,例如更高的温度,微系统还必须在其他安装情况下保持可靠。为了分析这些影响,开发了一种结合有限元分析和高精度光学测量技术来确定面内和面外(翘曲)变形的方法。系统地研究了安装效应,即对三级可靠性的影响。建立了新的试验装置来研究安装效应。“第三级”组件加载要么是从铝板上螺纹或从四点弯曲加载阶段。对于两种测试设置,来自铝基板的失配加载叠加在组件板的失配加载上。QFN封装中的传感器系统是从特征CE封装的光谱中选择的。从1到3个层次对面内变形和翘曲效应进行了研究,并讨论了仿真假设。结果表明,在声发射系统设计中需要直接考虑内在变形和翘曲,在评估应力风险(如焊料疲劳)时需要间接考虑。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical Prediction of Failure in SnAgCu solder under shear and tensile-dominant cyclic loading 剪切和拉伸主导循环加载下SnAgCu焊料失效的数值预测
M. Kuczynska, Y. Maniar, N. Schafet, U. Becker, S. Weihe
In the first part of this paper difference between simulated SN-Curves under shearing and tensile cyclic load are presented and compared with measurement performed by A. Desphante and A. Dasgupta [1–2]. The two load modes are simulated until a specified force reduction. The material model used in this work is based on visco-plasticity extended with a damage formulation, enabling cyclic softening of the structure. Additionally, multiaxiality of governing stress state is intrinsically included, with aim to account for different damage evolutions under shear and tensile load cases. The calculated damage paths are investigated and compared with cross-sections. Finally, numerically determined lifetimes under different shear and tensile load levels are represented by means of SN-Woehler curves, showing a satisfying agreement with experimental findings. Second part of the paper extends the investigation scope to lifetime prediction of a chip resistor soldered on PCB under temperature cycling. The component is simulated under different temperature profiles, until a specific lifetime reduction is observed. Also in this case, lifetime is compared with measured data.
本文第一部分给出了剪切和拉伸循环荷载下模拟SN-Curves的差异,并与A. Desphante和A. Dasgupta[1-2]的测量结果进行了比较。模拟两种载荷模式,直到指定的力减小。在这项工作中使用的材料模型是基于粘塑性扩展与损伤公式,使结构的循环软化。此外,控制应力状态的多轴性本质上包括在内,旨在考虑剪切和拉伸载荷情况下不同的损伤演变。对计算的损伤路径进行了研究,并与截面进行了比较。最后,用SN-Woehler曲线表示了不同剪切和拉伸荷载水平下的数值计算寿命,与实验结果吻合较好。第二部分将研究范围扩展到温度循环下PCB上焊接的片式电阻寿命预测。在不同的温度曲线下模拟组件,直到观察到特定的寿命减少。在这种情况下,寿命也与实测数据进行了比较。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical study on local effects of composition and geometry in self-healing solders 自愈焊料成分和几何局部效应的数值研究
Georg Sirok, E. Kraker, J. Magnien, E. Kozeschnik, D. Kieslinger, W. Ecker
This paper introduces a numerical approach dealing with self-healing of solder materials, with detailed discussion of the damage and healing behavior of solder joints through creep deformation. The description of damage- and subsequent healing processes was done within the continuum damage mechanics (CDM) framework, assuming the formation of voids in the material due to creep deformation. The presented model considers a potential healing effect by void closure due to viscous flow of the solder-material and capillary forces. It is assumed that partial melting of a two-phase solder material facilitates this effect. The proposed healing model introduces a concept to describe void closing effects under consideration of phase transformation by using exemplary Sn-Bi alloys.
本文介绍了一种处理焊料材料自愈的数值方法,详细讨论了焊点在蠕变作用下的损伤和愈合行为。在连续损伤力学(CDM)框架内对损伤和随后的愈合过程进行了描述,假设材料中由于蠕变变形而形成了空洞。提出的模型考虑了由于焊接材料的粘性流动和毛细力造成的空隙闭合的潜在愈合效应。假定两相焊料的部分熔化有助于这种效果。提出的愈合模型引入了一个概念来描述考虑到使用示例性Sn-Bi合金相变的空隙闭合效应。
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引用次数: 2
Harmonic Vibration Durability Tests on Lead-Free Solder Joints at Different Isothermal Conditions 不同等温条件下无铅焊点谐波振动耐久性试验
K. Meier, D. Leslie, Tamara Storz, A. Dasgupta, K. Bock
The results on a unique double-cantilever test specimen that has been designed specifically for combined temperature/vibration testing are reported in this study. This specimen consists of two symmetric sets of 4 identical cantilever beams. In prior studies with this double-cantilever test specimen, all the solder joints were stressed to the same level. Thus, a test on one specimen resulted in a single data point on the fatigue curve. In the present study a modification of the double-cantilever test setup is presented which results in a different resonant frequency for each of the two cantilever sets. The asymmetric response produces two different cyclic strain levels in the solder joints on each of the two cantilever sets. Furthermore, a test setup adaption for simultaneous excitation of two test specimens allows four different stress levels in each vibration test. This allows significant time-savings in fatigue testing, compared to sequential testing of four different specimens. Vibration durability results under isothermal conditions are presented, and the potential ability for future experiments with superimposed temperature cycling on vibration is discussed.
本文报道了一种专门设计用于温度/振动联合试验的独特双悬臂试件的试验结果。该试件由两组对称的4根相同的悬臂梁组成。在先前的双悬臂梁试验中,所有的焊点都被应力到同一水平。因此,在一个试样上的试验导致疲劳曲线上的单个数据点。在本研究中,提出了一种改进的双悬臂梁试验装置,其结果是两个悬臂梁组中的每一个都有不同的谐振频率。不对称响应产生两个不同的循环应变水平在焊点上的每一个悬臂设置。此外,一个测试装置适应于同时激励两个试样允许四个不同的应力水平在每次振动测试。与连续测试四个不同的试样相比,这可以显著节省疲劳测试的时间。给出了等温条件下的振动耐久性实验结果,并讨论了未来叠加温度循环对振动的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Micro Bending Test on Double Cantilever Beams: A specimen-centred approach to accurate determination of the visco-plastic properties of Sintered Silver for Power Electronics applications 双悬臂梁的微弯曲试验:以样品为中心的方法精确测定电力电子应用烧结银的粘塑性性能
U. Zschenderlein, M. Klingler, J. Arnold, M. Baum, M. Weissbach, M. Schaal, B. Wunderle
The increased attention for sintered silver as die attach attracts also interest in its reliability assessment. Since the porous joint material shows rate-dependent behaviour at elevated temperature, its visco-plastic behaviour needs to be quantified. Though tensile tests are frequently used for that task is still a challenge to manufacture homogeneous specimens large enough to be safely handled and tensile tested. In this paper the we have presented a comprehensive technology for manufacturing sintered silver specimen for micro bending test. The sample length is about 10 mm but can still be tested with nanoindenter equipment. These specimens were bent at 25 °C at different strain rates. The corresponding stress-strain curves were obtained with transformation functions computed by a FE model. Tensile specimens of sintered silver were manufactured and tensile tested at 25, 100 and 175 °C for investigation of rate dependency and relaxation behaviour. For 25 °C no rate dependency was observed. At 100 °C and 175 °C significant reduction of tensile strength and increase of tensile strain was observed at smaller strain rates. The creep was caused by thermal activation of inner surface diffusion.
烧结银作为模具附件越来越受到关注,其可靠性评估也引起了人们的关注。由于多孔节理材料在高温下表现出速率依赖的行为,因此需要对其粘塑性行为进行量化。尽管拉伸试验经常用于该任务,但制造足够大的均匀试样以安全处理和拉伸试验仍然是一个挑战。本文介绍了一种制备烧结银微弯曲试样的综合工艺。样品长度约为10毫米,但仍然可以用纳米压头设备进行测试。这些试样在25°C下以不同的应变速率弯曲。利用有限元模型计算的转换函数得到相应的应力-应变曲线。制作了烧结银的拉伸试样,并在25、100和175℃下进行了拉伸试验,以研究速率依赖性和弛豫行为。在25°C时,没有观察到速率依赖性。在100°C和175°C时,在较小的应变速率下,拉伸强度显著降低,拉伸应变显著增加。蠕变是由内表面扩散的热活化引起的。
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引用次数: 2
Methodology for Correlation of Porosity and Mechanical Properties of Silver Sintered Joints in Electronics 电子用银烧结接头孔隙率与力学性能的相关性研究
R. Metasch, M. Roellig, P. Knoch, C. Weinmann, K. Meier
This paper presents a methodology to investigate and correlate the influence of porosity of silver sintered interconnects, e.g. used in power electronics, with their thermo-mechanical deformation behaviour. The proposed methodology includes the development of a shear specimen coming with a single cylindrical shaped silver-sintered joint enabling high resolution deformation measurements, strain rate controlled shear tests and according finite element analysis.The methodology also includes the development and optimization of a customized mechanical test system which is optimized for the measuring of deformations in the sub-micro meter range at high forces up to 500 N ([1], [2]). Furthermore, a multi-level image processing approach was developed to determine the porosity distribution of cross-section images of silver sintered joints.
本文提出了一种方法来研究和关联孔隙率对银烧结互连的影响,例如用于电力电子,与他们的热机械变形行为。所提出的方法包括开发具有单个圆柱形银烧结接头的剪切试样,从而实现高分辨率变形测量,应变速率控制剪切试验和相应的有限元分析。该方法还包括开发和优化定制的机械测试系统,该系统针对高达500 N的高力测量亚微米范围内的变形进行了优化([1],[2])。在此基础上,提出了一种多级图像处理方法来确定银烧结接头截面图像的孔隙率分布。
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引用次数: 2
Enhanced Fluid Flow by Wavelike Excitation of a Micromechanical Bending Actuator 微机械弯曲作动器的波状激励增强流体流动
Wolfgang Hölzl, R. Behlert, M. Gehring, G. Schrag
We present a study on a micromechanical bending actuator, which is intended for creating fluid flow by a fish-like, undulatory motion. This motion pattern describes an ascending wave traveling along the actuator and is capable to shed vortices into the surrounding fluid, forming a vortex wake. A segmented electrode at the top of the bending actuator enables the undulatory excitation. It turns out, that undulation creates slightly higher mass flow than resonant oscillations in the structure’s first eigenmode. At the same time, undulation needs less energy for generating equal mass flow, and, hence, is more efficient compared to resonant motion.
我们提出了一种微机械弯曲致动器的研究,该致动器旨在通过鱼状波动运动产生流体流动。这种运动模式描述了沿执行器行进的上升波,并且能够向周围的流体中释放涡流,形成涡流尾流。弯曲致动器顶部的分段电极使波动激励成为可能。结果表明,在结构的第一特征模态中,波动产生的质量流比共振振荡略高。同时,波动产生等质量流所需的能量更少,因此与共振运动相比效率更高。
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引用次数: 4
Characterization of Stochastically Distributed Voids in Sintered Nano-Silver Joints 烧结纳米银接头中随机分布孔洞的表征
Zhongchao Sun, Zili Wang, C. Qian, Yi Ren, Qiang Feng, Dezhen Yang, Bo Sun
To better understand the mechanical behaviour of a sintered nano-silver joint, it is quite necessary to develop a characterization method to quantitatively describe the stochastically distributed voids existing in it. In this paper, by virtue of a Cartesian coordinate system, the stochastically distributed voids in the sintered nano-silver joint are characterized with three parameters, which are the distance “l”, radius “r” and location angle “$alpha$”. And then by fitting these extracted parameters into certain distributions, for instance Normal distribution for “l” and “r”, and Uniform distribution for “$alpha$”, the distribution feature of the voids can be quantitively characterized. It is also found that the accuracy of these distribution parameters is highly dependent on the number of voids in the nano-silver joint. The proposed method is successfully to account for the pressure effect on void distribution in sintered nano-silver joints.
为了更好地了解纳米银烧结接头的力学行为,有必要开发一种表征方法来定量描述其中随机分布的孔洞。本文利用直角坐标系,用距离“l”、半径“r”和定位角“$alpha$”三个参数表征烧结纳米银接头中随机分布的孔洞。然后将这些提取的参数拟合成一定的分布,如“l”和“r”为正态分布,“$alpha$”为均匀分布,可以定量表征空洞的分布特征。研究还发现,这些分布参数的准确性高度依赖于纳米银接头中空洞的数量。该方法成功地解释了压力对烧结纳米银接头中空洞分布的影响。
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引用次数: 2
Migration of flow inducted hotspot with heat spreader integrated microchannel subjected to asymmetric heat flux: A Multiphysics approach. 非对称热流通量下集成散热片微通道流致热点的迁移:多物理场方法。
G. Narendran, N. Gnanasekaran, D. A. Perumal
The heat spreader integrated microchannel heat sink is employed in thermal management of transient hotspot problem in multicore processors for high density electronic cooling application. The heat transfer characteristics of heat spreader integrated microchannel were comprehensively analyzed experimentally and numerically, and their effectiveness and thermal enhancement factor was compared with the regular microchannel. By using deionized water and Graphene oxide (GO) nanofluid as working fluid, investigations were conducted for Reynolds number ranging from 100–300. Multiple hotspot cores were modelled in the microchannel with four different heat fluxes to study the temperature responses in the heat spreader under transient thermal loads. Additionally, studies were conducted to address the thermal stress developed in the packaging of heat spreader integrated microchannel in multiple hotspot conditions. The result shows that the thermal effectiveness of GO-0.12% increased 65% as compared with pure fluid.
采用散热片集成微通道散热器对多核处理器的瞬态热点问题进行热管理,实现了高密度电子散热应用。综合实验和数值分析了散热片集成微通道的传热特性,并与常规微通道进行了效能和热增强系数的比较。以去离子水和氧化石墨烯(GO)纳米流体为工质,研究了在100-300范围内的雷诺数。采用四种不同热流密度的微通道模拟了多个热点核,研究了瞬态热负荷下散热器内的温度响应。此外,针对多热点条件下散热片集成微通道封装中的热应力进行了研究。结果表明,氧化石墨烯0.12%的热效率比纯流体提高了65%。
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引用次数: 0
Modelling, Simulations and Performance Analysis of MEMS vibrating Gyroscope in Coventor MEMS+ Environment covenor MEMS+环境下MEMS振动陀螺仪的建模、仿真及性能分析
J. Nazdrowicz, A. Napieralski
In the paper authors present heterogeneous environment for modeling and simulations created with use Coventor MEMS+ and Matlab/SIMULINK software. The big advantage of this solution is possibility to merge with Cadence software what gives in effect big solution for modeling, simulation and design MEMS structure with ROIC (Read Out Integrated Circuit) for further fabrication. Authors present capabilities of implementation and some results obtained from simulations performed in this environment. There were performed for simple model of MEMS vibratory gyroscope with specific box beam springs on those inertial mass is suspended.
本文介绍了利用covenor MEMS+和Matlab/SIMULINK软件创建的异构建模和仿真环境。该解决方案的最大优点是可以与Cadence软件合并,从而为具有ROIC(读出集成电路)的MEMS结构的建模,仿真和设计提供有效的大解决方案,以便进一步制造。作者介绍了在该环境下的实现能力和一些仿真结果。对惯性质量悬浮在特定箱形梁弹簧上的MEMS振动陀螺仪进行了简单建模。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2019 20th International Conference on Thermal, Mechanical and Multi-Physics Simulation and Experiments in Microelectronics and Microsystems (EuroSimE)
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