Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice最新文献

Aim: To evaluate salivary soluble neuropilin-1 (sNRP-1) levels in patients with stage I-II periodontitis and periodontally healthy patients at baseline and 3 months.

Materials and methods: A total of 48 subjects were recruited for the study, including 24 individuals diagnosed with stage I-II periodontitis (characterized by clinical attachment loss (CAL) of 1-4 mm and probing depth ≤5 mm) and 24 periodontally healthy individuals. Group A, comprising systemically healthy individuals with periodontitis, received scaling and root planing (SRP), whereas group B, consisting of systemically and periodontally healthy controls, underwent scaling at baseline. Oral hygiene instructions were reinforced for both groups during follow-up visits at 1 and 3 months. Clinical parameters were measured at baseline, first, and third months: Plaque index (PI), modified gingival index (MGI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and CAL. Saliva was collected at baseline and the end of the third month for evaluating the salivary sNRP-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were collected and analyzed. An independent t-test was used to compare the mean values between the two groups, while the Chi-square test was employed to assess differences in the distribution of categorical variables.

Results: On intergroup comparison of PI, SBI, and MGI do not show significant differences, whereas PPD and CAL show significant differences. The mean score for sNRP-1 levels (pg/mL) at baseline for group A and B were 1182.35 ± 103.3 and 421.84 ± 230.8, and at the end of the study period were 316.13 ± 212.51 and 214.86 ± 101.36, respectively. In comparison to intragroup changes, sNRP1 levels were significantly higher in the diseased group than in the healthy group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Within the limits of the study, salivary sNRP-1 levels showed significant intragroup changes in both groups; however, intergroup comparison revealed a more pronounced reduction in biomarker levels in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group. Clinical significance of the study: Evaluating salivary biomarkers such as sNRP-1 provides a non-invasive, early diagnostic tool for detecting periodontal disease activity. Comparing levels in periodontitis patients and healthy individuals helps to identify potential markers of disease severity and progression. This can improve early detection, enable timely interventions, and support personalized periodontal therapy, which can prevent further destruction of the periodontal structures, causing loss of teeth. How to cite this article: Pamei LT, Pandey R, Palwankar P, et al. Evaluation of Soluble Neuropilin-1 Levels in Patients with Periodontitis: A Case-Control Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(7):668-673.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of time/aging on the adhesion of one calcium silicate-based sealers (CSBS) (AH Plus^® BC Sealer) compared to another novel sealer (K-Biocer) by comparing their push-out bond strength (POBS).

Materials and methods: Ninety single-rooted human mandibular premolars were instrumented using the R25^® instrument (Reciproc, VDW, Munich, Germany) and randomly divided into two main groups, A and B (n = 45) based on the sealers used: AH Plus^® BC sealer or K-Biocer. All teeth were obturated with matched-taper single-cone and stored for 7 days at 37°C and 100% humidity. Each group was then subdivided into three subgroups (A1, A2, A3) and (B1, B2, B3) (n = 15). Groups A1 and B1 were controls, while A2/B2 and A3/B3 underwent 5,000 and 10,000 thermocycles, respectively. Root slices (1 mm thick) from the coronal, middle, and apical thirds were subjected to a push-out test using a universal testing machine. Failure mode was evaluated under magnification. Statistical analysis included Chi-squared, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal-Wallis, and three-way ANOVA.

Results: No significant associations were found between failure mode and sealer type or aging. Dislodgement resistance varied significantly across canal levels (p < 0.001), with the highest resistance in the coronal third (mean = 10.5 MPa). The most frequent failure mode was cohesive.

Conclusion: Thermal aging did not significantly affect the dislodgement resistance of either sealer. Both materials maintained stable adhesion over time, suggesting resistance to degradation.

Clinical significance: The clinical interest of this study is to assess the adhesion of CSBS to dentinal walls and to better understand the mechanical properties of these sealers. AH Plus^® BC Sealer and K-Biocer demonstrated comparable and durable adhesion, unaffected by aging. How to cite this article: Assaf Y, El Hachem R, Kaloustian M-K, et al. Impact of Aging on the Push-out Bond Strength of Two Endodontic Sealers: A Comparative In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(7):645-651.

Aim: To explore how photopolymerization with monowave and polywave LEDs influences the surface microhardness of Tetric N-Ceram composite resin across varying exposure times, aiming to better understand how these factors affect material strength and contribute to improving its performance in clinical settings.

Materials and methods: An in vitro study was carried out. One hundred sixty resin blocks were prepared, consisting of 80 samples of one nanohybrid composite and 80 samples of a universal composite, all in shade A2. The blocks were molded using stainless steel matrices with dimensions of 8 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height. Specimens were polymerized using different light-curing protocols with polywave and monowave LED units, applying various exposure times (10-40 seconds) to evaluate surface microhardness. Surface microhardness was measured using a Vickers microhardness tester with a 100-gm load applied for 10 seconds. Statistical analysis included three-way ANOVA, post hoc tests, and Shapiro-Wilk normality tests (p < 0.05).

Results: The surface microhardness of the nanohybrid composite was significantly affected by the light-curing protocol. The high-power mode at 20 seconds produced the highest value (43.9 HV), while the low-power mode at the same duration yielded the lowest (37.9 HV, p < 0.05). For the universal composite, the high-power setting at 20 seconds resulted in the greatest hardness (51.4 HV). In contrast, curing with monowave LEDs showed no statistically significant differences between exposure times, with stable values recorded for both composites (34.1 HV and 34.7 HV for the nanohybrid; 50.1 HV and 48.7 HV for the universal composite, p > 0.05).

Conclusions: Photopolymerization protocols significantly influence the surface microhardness of resin composites. Higher light intensity and longer exposure times improved hardness in both Tetric N-Ceram and Filtek Universal. Meanwhile, monowave LED curing showed stable results regardless of time, suggesting reliable performance.

Clinical significance: The study offers valuable insights for clinical practice, demonstrating that adjusting light intensity and exposure time enhances composite resin hardness. This supports tailored photopolymerization protocols to improve restoration durability. Moreover, the stability of monowave LED results suggests its reliability for consistent outcomes, aiding material selection in restorative procedures. How to cite this article: Medina J, Barriga-Yauri G, Mauricio F, et al. Surface Microhardness of Tetric N-Ceram Nanoparticulate Resin Photocured with LED Polywave N^® vs Monowave MN^® at Different Exposure Times. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(7):705-709.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of cryotherapy in managing postoperative pain in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis following a single-visit endodontic procedure.

Materials and methods: The double-blinded, randomized clinical trial included a total of 60 participants diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis or apical periodontitis. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A (30 individuals) received regular saline, while group B (30 individuals) received cold saline as cryotherapy during the procedure. Postoperative pain levels were assessed using the Modified Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) at 24 and 48 hours following the procedure via a telephone conversation. The data was recorded and statistically analyzed.

Results: In group A, 24 hours after the procedure, six patients reported no pain (VRS 0), 12 reported mild pain (VRS 1), 10 reported moderate pain (VRS 2), and two experienced severe discomfort and pain (VRS 3). After 48 hours, 15 patients reported no pain (VRS 0), 11 reported mild pain (VRS 1), three reported moderate pain (VRS 2), and one experienced severe pain and discomfort (VRS 3). In group B at 24 hours of intervention, 19 patients reported no pain (VRS 0), nine reported mild discomfort (VRS 1), and two reported moderate pain (VRS 2). At 48 hours, 26 patients reported no pain (VRS 0), and four experienced mild discomfort (VRS 1). Statistical analysis showed that the cryotherapy group significantly differed from the regular saline group at both 24 and 48 hours (p < 0.000).

Conclusion: The findings suggest that cryotherapy with cold saline is significantly more effective than regular saline in reducing postoperative pain in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and apical periodontitis. This method effectively lowers pain levels at 24 and 48 hours, improving patient comfort and satisfaction.

Clinical significance: Cryotherapy has the potential to be an effective approach for managing postoperative pain, reducing the need for medication, and minimizing the associated long-term side effects. It offers an improvement in patient comfort and satisfaction levels. How to cite this article: Swetha C, Soorneedi N, Latha TP, et al. Evaluation of Postoperative Pain with Cryotherapy after Single-visit Endodontics in Teeth with Symptomatic Irreversible Pulpitis and Apical Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(7):674-678.

Background: A common form of self-injurious behavior (SIB) involves self-inflicted injury to the lips. The available published literature offers limited noninvasive treatment options that produce predictable and successful outcomes without surgery.

Objective: This case report aims to illustrate the conservative management and rehabilitation of a patient exhibiting SIB through lip-biting. The treatment utilized an innovative, removable acrylic splint, named the "Noninvasive intraoral acrylic appliance" (NIINAA).

Methodology: The NIINAA was custom-built using auto-polymerizing acrylic resin. The patient was instructed on its use, and modifications to the appliance's design were made based on the patient's feedback during subsequent follow-up visits.

Results: Follow-up appointments conducted at one week, 15 days, and 4 weeks showed successful healing, effective rehabilitation, and strong patient compliance. The patient indicated a marked improvement in their primary complaint, as measured by a visual analog scale (VAS). The treatment demonstrated high adherence and tolerance with no significant adverse effects noted.

Conclusion: A conservative approach using the NIINAA device successfully established patient rehabilitation without requiring invasive surgical procedures. This method underscores the importance of preserving teeth and surrounding oral structures in patients with SIB through non-surgical interventions. How to cite this article: Waseem A, Suresh NM, Girija D, et al. Effective Therapeutic Approach for Rehabilitation of a Patient with Lip-biting Injury using a Novel Appliance-Noninvasive Intraoral Acrylic Appliance: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(7):716-719.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the effects of blood and saliva contamination on tensile bond strength (TBS) of two cements used for cementation of stainless-steel crowns (SSCs) of primary molar teeth.

Materials and methods: This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 60 extracted primary mandibular first molars that received SSC preparation. After selection of appropriately sized SSCs, a piece of metal wire was soldered to their mesial and distal surfaces to create a handle for TBS testing. The teeth were then randomly divided into two groups (n = 30) for cementation with glass ionomer cement (GIC) and zinc polycarboxylate (ZPC) cement, each with three subgroups (n = 10) of saliva contamination, blood contamination, and no contamination (control). After cementation and incubation at 37°C for 24 hours, the TBS was measured in a universal testing machine. The groups were compared by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha = 0.05).

Results: A significant difference existed in the mean TBS among the three contamination groups (p < 0.05). The mean TBS of the blood group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Other differences were not significant (p > 0.05). Cement type had no significant effect on TBS (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Blood contamination significantly decreased the TBS of both GIC and ZPC used for cementation of SSCs of primary mandibular molars. Cement type had no significant effect on TBS.

Clinical significance: Glass ionomer cement and ZPC have various applications in cementing stainless steel crowns. Since there is a possibility of bleeding from the gums during crown preparation and in situations where the child does not cooperate adequately, achieving isolation becomes challenging. Therefore, the effect of blood and saliva contamination on the bond strength of the cements is of great importance. How to cite this article: Taravati S, Basir L, Khoshnevisan M. Effects of Blood and Saliva Contamination on Tensile Bond Strength of Two Cements Used for Cementation of Stainless-steel Crowns of Primary Molar Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(6):592-597.

Aim: This study aimed to assess oral hygiene practices, dental conditions, and access to dental care among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Tunisia.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 48 children diagnosed with ASD. Data were obtained through a structured questionnaire completed by caregivers and a clinical oral examination. The questionnaire comprised 25 items divided into three domains: (1) Knowledge (awareness of oral hygiene importance, fluoride use, recognition of dental caries, and regular dental checkups); (2) Attitude (motivation for oral care, caregiver perception of dental visits, and beliefs about prevention); (3) Practices (tooth brushing frequency, technique, use of toothpaste, dental attendance, and dietary habits). The clinical examination assessed oral hygiene status, presence of untreated caries, gingival condition, and parafunctional oral habits. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data.

Results: Of the 48 children included in the study, 23% (n = 11) were classified at the severe end of the autism spectrum, while the remaining 77% (n = 37) presented with mild to moderate forms of ASD. Poor oral hygiene was observed in 46.6% (n = 14) of the children, untreated dental caries were present in 36.6% (n = 11), and 60% (n = 18) had never visited a dentist. Additionally, 33.3% (n = 10) of the children did not brush their teeth regularly. The presence of gingival inflammation and parafunctional habits was also noted but varied across severity levels of ASD.

Conclusion: The study reveals considerable challenges regarding oral hygiene behaviors, dental health status, and access to dental care among children with ASD in Tunisia. These findings underscore the necessity for targeted oral health education programs and enhanced caregiver involvement to improve oral health outcomes in this population.

Clinical significance: A better understanding of the specific oral health needs of children with ASD is essential for tailoring dental care protocols. Focused caregiver training and adapted dental approaches are recommended to promote improved oral hygiene practices and overall oral health in children with ASD. How to cite this article: Ben Hadj Khalfa A, Boukhris H, Ayari G, et al. Oral Health Challenges and Hygiene Practices in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-sectional Study from Tunisia. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(6):581-586.

Aim: To assess the accuracy of facebow transfer in three articulators facebow systems by comparing the occlusal plane orientation of the mounted maxillary cast with lateral cephalograms.

Materials and methods: Thirty dentate individuals were selected. For all the subjects, cephalograms were done and maxillary impressions were made. The casts obtained were oriented on three semi-adjustable articulator - facebow systems: Hanau Wide Vue, Corident CSA 400, and Bioart 4000-S. Mean angles of the occlusal plane inclination from the horizontal reference plane were obtained for all three systems and the cephalograms. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed.

Results: It was found that the mean occlusal plane inclination for lateral cephalogram, Hanau Wide Vue, Bioart 4000-S, and Corident CSA 400 was 8.40, 8.23, 12.33, and 10.87. Thus, the observed occlusal plane inclination was most accurate for Hanau Wide Vue, followed by the Corident CSA 400 articulator.

Conclusion: This in vivo study provides evidence supporting the superior accuracy of Hanau Wide Vue when compared to the Corident CSA 400 and Bioart 4000-S articulator in transferring the occlusal plane inclination.

Clinical significance: Accurate transfer of the occlusal plane to the articulator is critical for obtaining stability, normal function, and esthetics in dental prosthetics. The occlusal plane inclination directly impacts the smile line of the prosthesis, stability, and phonetics. Correct occlusal plane is vital for harmonious function of cheek, tongue, and muscles, which ensures denture stability and efficient mastication. How to cite this article: Shrivastava SP, Sinha N, Singh S, et al. Evaluating the Accuracy of Maxillary Occlusal Plane Transfer by Using Three Semi-adjustable Articulator - Facebow Systems: An In Vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(6):587-591.

Aim: This in vitro study aims to evaluate fracture strength and fractographic analysis of implant crown fabricated as monolithic cement-retained (MCV), monolithic screw retrievable-cement retained (MSV), and bilayer system monolithic (BSV), all bonded to Ti-base abutment.

Materials and methods: A total of 30 specimens were included, with sample size calculated based on an alpha level of 0.05 and statistical power of 80%. The specimens were equally distributed into three groups: control (MCV, n = 10) and test groups (MSV, n = 10, and BSV, n = 10). All specimens underwent thermal aging and were subjected to fracture strength testing. Data normality was assessed using the Shapiro-Wilk test. As the data were not normally distributed, group comparisons were analyzed using the Kruskal-Walli's test. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons (MCV vs MSV, MCV vs BSV, and MSV vs BSV) were performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction. Fracture modes were further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and categorized based on the percentage of remaining crown material.

Results: The MCV crowns demonstrated the highest fracture strength (2955.84 ± 310.93 N), followed by MSV (2846.11 ± 370.59 N) and BSV (1994.70 ± 95.44 N). Statistically significant differences in fracture strength were observed among the groups (p < 0.001). Post-hoc analysis showed that BSV had significantly lower fracture resistance than both MCV and MSV (p < 0.001), while no significant difference was found between MCV and MSV (p = 1.000). Regarding fracture mode, half of MCV specimens had >75% crown remaining, BSV exhibited 50-75% remaining, and MSV had <50% remaining. The SEM analysis revealed catastrophic fracture patterns for both MCV and MSV, whereas BSV exhibited complex failure patterns.

Conclusion: Implant crown design significantly impacts fracture resistance and failure modes. The MCV crowns exhibited superior strength, whereas BSV crowns, despite lower fracture strength, maintained intact zirconia abutment, offering repairability of the superstructure.

Clinical significance: Monolithic cemented crowns may be preferred in high-load areas for their superior strength, while bilayer designs with intact zirconia abutments offer retrievability and repair potential, making them suitable for lower-load regions. How to cite this article: Affendi NHK, Hakim AYA, Ahmad R, et al. The Effect of Crown Design on Fracture Strength and Mode of Implant-supported Molar Crown Bonded to Titanium-based Abutment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(6):565-672.

Aim: The aim of the current investigation was to assess the shear bond strength of two distinct intraoral porcelain repair systems in porcelain fused to metal restoration.

Materials and methods: The nickel-chrome metal alloy was used to prepare 60 samples, each measuring 10 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness. And a layer of feldspathic porcelain, 1.8 mm thick, was placed on top of the metal disc. All 60 samples were randomly divided into two intraoral porcelain repair systems (30 samples in each group) as follows: Group A: Samples treated with the ceramic repair system; group B: Samples treated with Clearfil porcelain repair system. All samples were stored for 24 hours at 37°C prior to the thermal cycle procedure. The samples underwent 1,000 cycles of 30 second intervals of thermal cycling at 5-55°C. A universal test machine was used to determine the shear bond strength after the aging processes. Data was recorded and statistically analyzed.

Results: The maximum shear bond strength was found in the Clearfil porcelain repair system (34.12 ± 1.88) followed by the ceramic repair system group (30.82 ± 2.36). A significant difference was found between the ceramic repair system and Clearfil porcelain repair system groups.

Conclusion: On conclusion, the shear bond strength of the Clearfil porcelain repair system group showed the highest shear bond strength mean value as compared to Ceramic repair system group.

Clinical significance: Metal ceramic restorative fractures can be fixed intraorally in order to avoid the need for a remake. A rapid, easy, and very patient-acceptable technique, the intraoral chairside porcelain repair method doesn't need removing the restoration or creating a new one. There are so many different ceramic repair materials available, but the most crucial factor in determining how well the repair systems will work is the bond strength. How to cite this article: Liya NB, Kumar H, Chakraborty S, et al. Assessment of the Shear Bond Strength of Two Different Intraoral Porcelain Repair Systems in Porcelain Fused to Metal Restoration. J Contemp Dent Pract 2025;26(6):561-564.