Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2019.24.2.37
Y. Lee, S. Lee, Ji-Min Seo, Min Ji Kang, D. Yu
To date, hundreds of fungal genomes have been sequenced, and many more are underway. Recently developed cutting-edge techniques generate very large amounts of data, and the field of fungal genomics in dermatology has consequently evolved substantially. Methodological improvements have broadened the scope of large-scale ecological studies in dermatology, including biodiversity assessments and genomic identification of fungi. Here, we aimed to provide a brief introduction to bioinformatic approaches to fungal genomics in the field of dermatology. We described the history and basic concepts of fungal genomics and presented sequencing-based techniques for fungal identification, including a list of the revised taxa of dermatophytes, as determined by current phylogenetic analysis. Finally, we discussed the emerging trends in fungal genomics in dermatology, such as next-generation sequencing.
{"title":"Fungal Genomics in Dermatology","authors":"Y. Lee, S. Lee, Ji-Min Seo, Min Ji Kang, D. Yu","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2019.24.2.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2019.24.2.37","url":null,"abstract":"To date, hundreds of fungal genomes have been sequenced, and many more are underway. Recently developed cutting-edge techniques generate very large amounts of data, and the field of fungal genomics in dermatology has consequently evolved substantially. Methodological improvements have broadened the scope of large-scale ecological studies in dermatology, including biodiversity assessments and genomic identification of fungi. Here, we aimed to provide a brief introduction to bioinformatic approaches to fungal genomics in the field of dermatology. We described the history and basic concepts of fungal genomics and presented sequencing-based techniques for fungal identification, including a list of the revised taxa of dermatophytes, as determined by current phylogenetic analysis. Finally, we discussed the emerging trends in fungal genomics in dermatology, such as next-generation sequencing.","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46824296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.9
Yongwoo Choi, Joonsoo Park
Background: Exposure and sensitization to fungal allergens can evoke the development and worsen allergic diseases. Many patients with allergies show multiple positive reactions to different allergens. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between fungal allergens that are mostly found in South Korea and other positive reactions to the allergens of the multiple allergosorbent simultaneous test chemiluminescent assay (MAST-CLA). Methods: We enrolled 1,040 (588 men, 452 women) patients who showed positive reactions to three fungi, namely, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Cladosporium herbarum, using MAST-CLA at Daegu Catholic University Medical Center from January 2010 to July 2017. The epidemiology and relationship between positive reactions to multiple fungal allergens and positive reactions to the allergens of the MAST-CLA were investigated. Results: A. alternata was the most common fungal species, followed by C. herbarum and A. fumigatus (78.8% vs. 52.1% vs. 20.1%). Patients who showed positive reactions to all fungal allergens had 4.97 other antigens on average. Statistically significant results were obtained when comparing positive reactions to all fungal allergens to other allergens (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.129, p<0.05). Conclusion: Patients should be educated on allergic diseases caused by other antigens if they are sensitized to fungal antigens.
{"title":"Fungal Allergen Propensity Study Confirmed Through Multiple Allergosorbent Chemiluminescent Assay","authors":"Yongwoo Choi, Joonsoo Park","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background: Exposure and sensitization to fungal allergens can evoke the development and worsen allergic diseases. Many patients with allergies show multiple positive reactions to different allergens. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between fungal allergens that are mostly found in South Korea and other positive reactions to the allergens of the multiple allergosorbent simultaneous test chemiluminescent assay (MAST-CLA). Methods: We enrolled 1,040 (588 men, 452 women) patients who showed positive reactions to three fungi, namely, Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Cladosporium herbarum, using MAST-CLA at Daegu Catholic University Medical Center from January 2010 to July 2017. The epidemiology and relationship between positive reactions to multiple fungal allergens and positive reactions to the allergens of the MAST-CLA were investigated. Results: A. alternata was the most common fungal species, followed by C. herbarum and A. fumigatus (78.8% vs. 52.1% vs. 20.1%). Patients who showed positive reactions to all fungal allergens had 4.97 other antigens on average. Statistically significant results were obtained when comparing positive reactions to all fungal allergens to other allergens (Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.129, p<0.05). Conclusion: Patients should be educated on allergic diseases caused by other antigens if they are sensitized to fungal antigens.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47283513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.28
A. Maleb, A. Hami, Y. Lahlou, S. Lamrabat, S. Rifai, Nawal Rahmani, M. Bensalah, M. Frikh, A. Lemnouer, M. Elouennass
Disseminated cryptococcosis is a rare fungal infection, which mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients, and the diagnosis is difficult. Therefore, it is less likely to be considered in immunocompetent patients. Here, we present a case of fatal cryptococcal infection of the pleural fluid and ascites in a patient seronegative for HIV. The patient was a 45-year old man who was followed for Crohn's disease and treated with steroids and an immunosuppressant (azathioprine). The culture of pleural and ascites fluids showed the presence of yeasts colonies identified as Cryptococcus neoformans. Bacteriological examination of the blood culture or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was not prescribed. The HIV serology was negative. At the fourth day of treatment, the patient died because of the deterioration of neurological and hepatocellular functions. The main diagnostic problems that led to this fatal outcome were non-suspicion of an at-risk patient, lack of microbiological analysis of the blood or CSF, and inadequate antifungal therapy.
{"title":"Disseminated Cryptococcosis Incorrectly Managed: a Case Report","authors":"A. Maleb, A. Hami, Y. Lahlou, S. Lamrabat, S. Rifai, Nawal Rahmani, M. Bensalah, M. Frikh, A. Lemnouer, M. Elouennass","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Disseminated cryptococcosis is a rare fungal infection, which mainly occurs in immunocompromised patients, and the diagnosis is difficult. Therefore, it is less likely to be considered in immunocompetent patients. Here, we present a case of fatal cryptococcal infection of the pleural fluid and ascites in a patient seronegative for HIV. The patient was a 45-year old man who was followed for Crohn's disease and treated with steroids and an immunosuppressant (azathioprine). The culture of pleural and ascites fluids showed the presence of yeasts colonies identified as Cryptococcus neoformans. Bacteriological examination of the blood culture or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was not prescribed. The HIV serology was negative. At the fourth day of treatment, the patient died because of the deterioration of neurological and hepatocellular functions. The main diagnostic problems that led to this fatal outcome were non-suspicion of an at-risk patient, lack of microbiological analysis of the blood or CSF, and inadequate antifungal therapy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49359522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.1
Jin Hee Kim, J. Kim, Hong-Ju Shin, Yangwon Lee
Background: Scalp seborrheic dermatitis is a common disease characterized by flaking and itching of the scalp. Conventional treatment options, such as the use of topical corticosteroids and antifungal agents, may cause adverse effects and reduce user satisfaction rates; thus, it is important to explore other treatment options for scalp seborrheic dermatitis. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new-formula shampoo containing natural ingredients, including the extract of Rosa centifolia petals, epigallocatechin gallate, zinc pyrithione, and climbazole. Methods: A total of 50 patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis were enrolled and divided into two groups: the new-formula shampoo-treated group and the 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo-treated group. Clinical severity scores, sebum secretion, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. In addition, patient satisfaction and adverse events were assessed using a questionnaire. Results: The new-formula shampoo was comparable with ciclopirox in reducing the clinical severity scores and sebum secretion. Patients' improvement scores and user satisfaction rates were higher in the new-formula shampoo group than in the 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo-treated group. The inflammatory cytokine levels considerably changed in both groups during the course of the study. Conclusion: Thus, the new-formula shampoo can be considered a treatment option for patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis.
{"title":"Clinical and Biochemical Assessment of New-formula Shampoo for Scalp Seborrheic Dermatitis","authors":"Jin Hee Kim, J. Kim, Hong-Ju Shin, Yangwon Lee","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background: Scalp seborrheic dermatitis is a common disease characterized by flaking and itching of the scalp. Conventional treatment options, such as the use of topical corticosteroids and antifungal agents, may cause adverse effects and reduce user satisfaction rates; thus, it is important to explore other treatment options for scalp seborrheic dermatitis. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new-formula shampoo containing natural ingredients, including the extract of Rosa centifolia petals, epigallocatechin gallate, zinc pyrithione, and climbazole. Methods: A total of 50 patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis were enrolled and divided into two groups: the new-formula shampoo-treated group and the 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo-treated group. Clinical severity scores, sebum secretion, and inflammatory cytokines were assessed. In addition, patient satisfaction and adverse events were assessed using a questionnaire. Results: The new-formula shampoo was comparable with ciclopirox in reducing the clinical severity scores and sebum secretion. Patients' improvement scores and user satisfaction rates were higher in the new-formula shampoo group than in the 1.5% ciclopirox olamine shampoo-treated group. The inflammatory cytokine levels considerably changed in both groups during the course of the study. Conclusion: Thus, the new-formula shampoo can be considered a treatment option for patients with scalp seborrheic dermatitis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48168523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.32
J. Hong, Dong Won Lee, M. Suh, G. Ha, T. Jang, J. Choi
{"title":"Tinea Corporis Caused by Trichophyton verrucosum Mimicking Nummular Dermatitis","authors":"J. Hong, Dong Won Lee, M. Suh, G. Ha, T. Jang, J. Choi","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.32","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47379866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.17966/jmi.2019.24.1.19
D. Suh, H. Park, Sang Jun Lee, Hyun-Joo Kim, K. Jeong, Mu-Hyoung Lee, M. Shin
Background: Laser therapy can be used as an alternative treatment for onychomycosis; however, there are some limitations to its efficacy as a single agent. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of combination therapy with 1,064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and topical efinaconazole in onychomycosis treatment and identify factors influencing the therapeutic outcomes of combination treatment. Methods: Big toenails with onychomycosis were treated by 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser at 4-week intervals with daily application of topical efinaconazole. Therapeutic response was assessed through onychomycosis severity index (OSI) and percentage of nail infected (PNI), and its association with a variety of factors that may affect treatment outcome was evaluated. Results: One hundred big toenails were included in the study and significant clinical improvements were observed after treatment (OSI improvement score = 76.68 ± 28.83, PNI improvement score = 72.37 ± 30.37). There was no difference in treatment response according to the number of laser treatments, onychomycosis clinical type, or initial severity. However, patient age was negatively correlated with clinical improvement (p = 0.019). Also, female patients had better therapeutic responses than male patients. Conclusion: Combined treatment with Nd:YAG laser and topical efinaconazole has a significant therapeutic effect on onychomycosis. A randomized controlled trial is warranted in the future.
{"title":"Treatment Outcomes of Combination Therapy with 1,064-nm Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser and Efinaconazole 10% Solution for Big Toenail Onychomycosis: a Retrospective Study","authors":"D. Suh, H. Park, Sang Jun Lee, Hyun-Joo Kim, K. Jeong, Mu-Hyoung Lee, M. Shin","doi":"10.17966/jmi.2019.24.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/jmi.2019.24.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Background: Laser therapy can be used as an alternative treatment for onychomycosis; however, there are some limitations to its efficacy as a single agent. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of combination therapy with 1,064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and topical efinaconazole in onychomycosis treatment and identify factors influencing the therapeutic outcomes of combination treatment. Methods: Big toenails with onychomycosis were treated by 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser at 4-week intervals with daily application of topical efinaconazole. Therapeutic response was assessed through onychomycosis severity index (OSI) and percentage of nail infected (PNI), and its association with a variety of factors that may affect treatment outcome was evaluated. Results: One hundred big toenails were included in the study and significant clinical improvements were observed after treatment (OSI improvement score = 76.68 ± 28.83, PNI improvement score = 72.37 ± 30.37). There was no difference in treatment response according to the number of laser treatments, onychomycosis clinical type, or initial severity. However, patient age was negatively correlated with clinical improvement (p = 0.019). Also, female patients had better therapeutic responses than male patients. Conclusion: Combined treatment with Nd:YAG laser and topical efinaconazole has a significant therapeutic effect on onychomycosis. A randomized controlled trial is warranted in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42358979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-31DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.35
J. Hong, Dong Won Lee, M. Suh, G. Ha
{"title":"Macroscopic and Microscopic Findings of Trichophyton erinacei","authors":"J. Hong, Dong Won Lee, M. Suh, G. Ha","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2019.24.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49189279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2018.23.4.111
안민균, 김광호, 박은주, 윤지하, 조은별
{"title":"A Suspected Case of Hyperkeratotic Head and Neck Malassezia Dermatosis Presenting with Acanthosis Nigricans","authors":"안민균, 김광호, 박은주, 윤지하, 조은별","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2018.23.4.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2018.23.4.111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43220231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.17966/JMI.2018.23.4.91
이민영, LeeJeebum, 이승철, 원영호, 나의영, 윤숙정
{"title":"In vitro Study and Clinical Trial of Natural Essential Oils and Extract Against Malassezia Species","authors":"이민영, LeeJeebum, 이승철, 원영호, 나의영, 윤숙정","doi":"10.17966/JMI.2018.23.4.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17966/JMI.2018.23.4.91","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36021,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mycology and Infection","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45165232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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