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Adapt or Perish: How Forced Transition to Remote Simultaneous Interpreting during the COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Interpreters’ Professional Practices 适应或消亡:COVID-19大流行期间被迫过渡到远程同声传译如何影响口译员的专业实践
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.08
Danuta Przepiórkowska
This article discusses the results of a survey carried out among 132 simultaneous interpreters with Polish as their working language, summarising their professional experience during the first 10 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In the context of the forced transition to the remote mode of simultaneous interpreting and the related technical and organisational challenges, this survey captured the early experience of working remotely (mostly from home), as well as the adaptations necessitated by the new situation in terms of changes in working modalities and tools, particularly in the home environment. The article also presents the surveyed interpreters’ expectations regarding the role and place of remote simultaneous interpreting in their future professional practices.
本文讨论了对132名以波兰语为工作语言的同声传译人员进行的调查结果,总结了他们在COVID-19大流行的前10个月的专业经验。在被迫向远程同声传译模式过渡的背景下,以及相关的技术和组织挑战,这项调查捕捉了远程工作(主要是在家)的早期经验,以及新形势下工作方式和工具的变化所必需的适应,特别是在家庭环境中。文章还提出了被调查口译员对远程同声传译在其未来职业实践中的作用和地位的期望。
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引用次数: 0
Tłumacz ustny w postępowaniu karnym 刑事诉讼中的口译员
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.06
Katarzyna Liber-Kwiecińska
Interpreter in Criminal Proceeding This article presents the role of an interpreter in criminal proceedings, Polish and international regulations governing the obligation to appoint an interpreter for criminal procedural activities, the problems of interpreters’ cooperation with justice authorities, and the results of a survey on the experiences of sworn interpreters who provide interpreting services to the Police, the prosecutor’s office, and the courts in criminal proceedings in the following aspects: ensuring safety in the course of the activities, expectations of foreigners and authorities’ representatives towards the interpreter, preparing the interpreter’s work station and ensuring appropriate working conditions, as well as agreeing upon an appropriate remuneration for interpreters. A total of fifty-five sworn interpreters who regularly provide interpreting services to justice authorities took part in the survey. Their task was to complete a questionnaire consisting of fourteen questions, half of which were closed single-choice questions and the rest were open-ended questions.
本文介绍了口译员在刑事诉讼中的作用、波兰和国际有关刑事诉讼活动中指定口译员义务的规定、口译员与司法当局合作的问题,以及对向警方、检察官办公室、在刑事诉讼中,法院在以下方面:确保活动过程中的安全,外国人和当局代表对口译员的期望,准备口译员的工作站,确保适当的工作条件,以及商定适当的口译员报酬。共有55名定期为司法当局提供口译服务的宣誓译员参加了这项调查。他们的任务是完成一份由14个问题组成的问卷,其中一半是封闭的单选题,其余的是开放式问题。
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引用次数: 1
Głusi i tłumacze PJM o tłumaczeniu języka migowego w Polsce kiedyś i dziś 聋人和PJM翻译家谈波兰的手语翻译
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.04
Aleksandra Kalata-Zawłocka
Sign Language Interpreting in the Opinions of Deaf Persons and Polish Sign Language Interpreters The article presents the results of a research conducted among 12 deaf people and 11 Polish sign language interpreters, aimed at depicting the state-of-the-art situation of sign language interpreting in Poland while it simultaneously reflects upon the past as well. The interviewees reported on the changes in this area over the last twenty-five years. According to them, situation in Poland has improved significantly with regard to language, interpreting as such, legal-administrative and social issues. Still, in many respects sign language interpreting needs further improvement in order to attain full accessibility for deaf persons as well as full professionalisation for sign language interpreters.
聋哑人与波兰手语翻译的看法本文通过对12名聋哑人与11名波兰手语翻译的调查结果,旨在描绘波兰手语翻译的现状,同时也反思过去。受访者报告了过去25年来这一领域的变化。他们认为,波兰在语文、口译、法律行政和社会问题方面的情况已大为改善。尽管如此,手语翻译在许多方面还需要进一步改进,以使聋哑人完全无障碍,并使手语翻译人员完全专业化。
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引用次数: 1
The Choice of Language for Note-taking for the Purposes of Consecutive Interpreting 交替传译中笔记语言的选择
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.03
Dariusz Hanusiak
The subject of the article is the choice of language that is used for notetaking for consecutive interpreting. The paper is based on a small-scale empirical case study analysis of note-taking by interpreting students. The analysis was aimed at determining which language – source language (SL) or target language (TL) – was preferred by students, who were given freedom of choice regarding the selection of language that they would use for the preparation of notes to help with consecutive interpreting tasks. The study group consisted of three cohorts of translation and interpreting students who were at the end of their first semester of work with consecutive. The students were asked to prepare notes for a regular consecutive task, from English into Polish; Polish was the mother tongue for all of the students. The outcomes of the analysis may show what might be the “natural” choice of language for notation and may provide suggestions about improving the system of teaching notation in the case of novice interpreters.
这篇文章的主题是选择用于连续口译记录的语言。本文基于对口译学生记笔记的小规模实证案例分析。该分析旨在确定学生更喜欢哪种语言——源语言(SL)或目标语言(TL),他们可以自由选择用于准备笔记的语言,以帮助完成连续的口译任务。研究小组由三组翻译和口译学生组成,他们在第一学期结束时连续学习。学生们被要求为一项常规的连续任务准备笔记,从英语到波兰语;波兰语是所有学生的母语。分析的结果可能会显示出什么是“自然”的记谱语言选择,并可能为改进新手口译员的记谱教学系统提供建议。
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引用次数: 1
Tłumaczenie symultaniczne mowy noblowskiej w dydaktyce przekładu konferencyjnego 会议翻译教学中诺贝尔奖演讲的同声传译
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.01
A. Biernacka
Simultaneous Interpreting of a Nobel Lecture in Conference Interpreter Training Simultaneous interpreting with text is a hybrid mode combining simultaneous with sight translation. As it constitutes an important element of the interpreter’s work, it must then be a component of conference interpreter training. Due to a scarce research in the field so far, the aim of this paper is to discuss an empirical longitudinal study of simultaneous interpreting of a Nobel lecture from Spanish into Polish. The results of the analysis show that during the preparation phase, it is not a selective analysis of such lexical items as proper names, numbers or unknown words, but rather a syntactic analysis, which enables to render compound statements in a specific register, as well as an in-depth cultural analysis, which contributes to acquiring knowledge across different fields necessary in conference interpreting.
同声传译是一种视译与同声传译相结合的混合翻译模式。由于口译是口译工作的一个重要组成部分,因此它必须成为会议口译培训的一个组成部分。由于目前该领域的研究较少,本文的目的是对诺贝尔奖演讲西班牙语到波兰语的同声传译进行实证纵向研究。分析结果表明,在准备阶段,口译不是对专有名词、数字或不认识的词等词汇项目进行选择性分析,而是进行句法分析,使之能够在特定的语域中呈现复合语句,并进行深入的文化分析,这有助于获得会议口译所需的跨领域知识。
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引用次数: 0
Komunikacja językowa w osiemnastowiecznych francuskich wyprawach naukowych do Laponii, Peru i Afryki Południowej 18世纪法国对拉普兰、秘鲁和南非的科学考察中的语言交流
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.02
Marzena Chrobak
Interlingual Communication during French Scientific Expeditions to Lappland, Peru and South Africa in the 18th Century In this paper, I try to outline the image of the interlingual communication during scientific expeditions by detecting and analysing remarks about such instances in the narratives by the expeditions’ commanders. I analyse a narrative of Maupertuis on his geodesic mission to Lappland (1734- 1735), two narratives of La Condamine on his geodesic mission to Peru (1735-1743), and two narratives of Le Vaillant on his travels across South Africa (1781-1784). During his short stay in Lappland, Maupertuis was assisted by a Swedish astronomer and by a Laponian, both speaking French and Finnish. La Condamine and Le Vaillant learned local languages (Spanish, Quechua; Hottentot, Namaqua) in order to eliminate the intermediation of an interpreter. In linguistically fragmented areas, they worked with random natural interpreters. French scientists also made use of the native inhabitants’ familiarity with European languages: official languages of the colonies (Spanish in Peru, Dutch in South Africa) and French, the language of social, cultural and scientific discourse in the 18th century, which they acquired for pleasure.
18世纪法国对拉普兰、秘鲁和南非的科学考察中的语际交流本文通过考察和分析探险队指挥官的叙述,试图勾勒出科学考察中语际交流的形象。我分析了Maupertuis对拉普兰测地线任务的叙述(1734- 1735),La Condamine对秘鲁测地线任务的两个叙述(1735-1743),Le Vaillant对他穿越南非旅行的两个叙述(1781-1784)。在拉普兰的短暂停留期间,莫佩尔蒂得到了一位瑞典天文学家和一位拉普兰人的帮助,他们都说法语和芬兰语。孔达明和瓦扬特学习了当地语言(西班牙语、克丘亚语;Hottentot, Namaqua)以消除口译员的中介作用。在语言支离破碎的地区,他们与随机的自然口译员合作。法国科学家还利用了当地居民对欧洲语言的熟悉程度:殖民地的官方语言(秘鲁的西班牙语,南非的荷兰语)和18世纪社会、文化和科学话语的语言法语,这是他们为了乐趣而学习的。
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引用次数: 0
„Potem przemówił komendant Brygady naszej tow. Hiszpan w języku niemieckim i tow. kapt. tłumaczył” ”然后我们两个旅的指挥官说。西班牙语、德语和两种语言。Capt。已翻译“
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.54.09
Małgorzata Tryuk
And Then the Commander of Our Brigade, Comrade Spanish, talked in German and Comrade Captain Interpreted. Interpretation in the International Brigades during the Civil War in Spain 1936-1939 The aim of the present article is to describe multilingual interactions at the XIII Jarosław Dąbrowski International Brigade between volunteers of different nationalities, mainly Poles, and the Spanish population as narrated by Boruch Nysembaum, a communist from Warsaw and a participant of the Spanish Civil War. At the same time, it is the first presentation of onthe- spot memoirs written by a volunteer who did not return from this war. On the basis of his narrative, the article tries to answer the questions concerning the way volunteers, who lacked adequate foreign language skills, communicated with the Spanish population and with other volunteers, the forms of their communications, and finally, the specific characteristics of this multilingual communication.
然后我们旅长,西班牙同志,用德语讲话,上尉同志做翻译。本文的目的是描述在第13 Jarosław Dąbrowski国际旅中不同国籍的志愿者(主要是波兰人)和西班牙人之间的多语言互动,由来自华沙的共产主义者和西班牙内战的参与者Boruch Nysembaum讲述。同时,这也是第一次由一名没有从这场战争中回来的志愿者撰写的现场回忆录。在他的叙述的基础上,本文试图回答关于缺乏足够外语技能的志愿者与西班牙人和其他志愿者交流的方式,他们的交流形式,最后,这种多语言交流的具体特点。
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引用次数: 0
African and Rwandan Translations of the Bible 非洲和卢旺达翻译的圣经
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.53.05
Giovanni Rizzi
The article offers a concise presentation of the project linked to the Library Fund of the Pontifical Urbaniana University, namely, to study the inculturation of the Christian faith by relating the documentation on the editions of the Bible to the catechisms in the territories entrusted to the pastoral care of the Congregation for Evangelization of peoples. The vastness of the project itself is marked today by the difficulty of using more extensive documentation than that present in the Fund of the same Library. However, more limited segments of the indicated material of interest can already be identified. More specifically, the African continent shows quite a varied phenomenology of the editions of the Bible: from translations of the Latin Vulgate into local languages, to translations from English or French, themselves translations from Latin. In the post-conciliar period, the translations of the Bible from the original biblical languages emerge. This is the case of the Kinyarwanda versions of the NT (1988, 1989) and of the OT-NT in a single volume (1990, 1992), in which, alongside pastoral purposes, the results of modern biblical exegesis are evident, to the point of proposing categorizations of literary bodies of biblical literature from an interconfessional and also interreligious perspective.
这篇文章简要介绍了与宗座乌尔班尼亚纳大学图书馆基金有关的项目,即通过将《圣经》各版本的文件与委托给各民族福传部牧灵照顾的地区的教理问答联系起来,研究基督教信仰的本土化问题。项目本身的规模之大,今天的特点是难以使用比同一图书馆的基金现有的文件更广泛的文件。但是,已经可以确定所指示的感兴趣的材料中更有限的部分。更具体地说,非洲大陆呈现出相当多样的圣经版本现象学:从拉丁文拉丁文译本到当地语言,从英语或法语译本,从拉丁语译本。在大公会议后的时期,圣经的翻译从原来的圣经语言出现。这就是Kinyarwanda版本的NT(1988年,1989年)和OT-NT的单卷版本(1990年,1992年)的情况,其中,除了牧区目的之外,现代圣经注释的结果是显而易见的,以至于从不同教派和不同宗教的角度提出了圣经文学体的分类。
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引用次数: 0
Translating Biblical Poetry as Poetry 把圣经诗歌翻译成诗歌
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.53.06
Lénart J. de Regt
After an introduction into translating biblical poetry as a new communication event in the target culture (and not as a documentation of a source culture event), an analysis is made of a Dutch poetic translation of Psalms 23 and 121 and a Frisian poetic translation of Psalm 23. Of the poetic features and means of expression in these translations, Dutch and Frisian patterns ofmeter are the most important. When a poetic translation of biblical poetry follows genre conventions of the target language and culture (rather than attempting but failing to reproduce the poetic features of the source text), such a translation is able to generate a new, direct communication event that reduces the distance between the hearer/receiver of the target culture and the text of the source culture. Such a translation engages the hearer more effectively in responding to the text, because the poetic features of the target language facilitate the expressive, appellative and phatic functions of the communication. This should be an encouragement to translators to render different types of biblical poetry into different genres and poetic patterns of the target language that will actually fit the subject matter of the text into the context of the target culture.
在介绍圣经诗歌翻译作为目标文化中的一种新的交流事件(而不是作为源文化事件的记录)之后,对诗篇23和121的荷兰语诗歌翻译和诗篇23的弗里斯兰语诗歌翻译进行了分析。在这些译文的诗歌特征和表达方式中,荷兰语和弗里斯兰语的韵律模式是最重要的。当圣经诗歌的诗意翻译遵循目标语言和文化的体裁惯例(而不是试图再现源文本的诗歌特征但未能做到)时,这样的翻译能够产生一种新的、直接的交流事件,从而减少目标文化的听者/接受者与源文化文本之间的距离。这样的翻译使听者更有效地参与到对文本的回应中来,因为目的语的诗意特征促进了交际的表达、称谓和修辞功能。这应该鼓励译者将不同类型的圣经诗歌翻译成目标语言的不同体裁和诗歌模式,从而使文本的主题符合目标文化的背景。
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引用次数: 0
Il Nuovo Testamento Greco-Latino-Italiano – Conferenza Episcopale Italiana, Roma, 2020 希腊-拉丁-意大利新约-意大利圣公会会议,罗马,2020
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI: 10.12797/moap.27.2021.53.03
Valdo Bertalot
On the same day of the United Nations International Translation Day, the 30th of September 2020, Il Nuovo Testamento Greco-Latino-Italiano was published by the Italian Catholic Bishops’ Conference (CEI), a date chosen by the United Nations in honor of St. Jerome. The publication of the NTGLI presents two specific innovations: 1. at a ‘textual’ level for the most recent editions of the New Testament used (The Greek New Testament-5th Revised edition; Nova Vulgata, Bibliorum Sacrorum Editio, Editio typica altera; La Sacra Bibbia - Versione ufficiale della Conferenza Episcopale Italiana) and 2. at a ‘cultural’ level for the cooperation among different Christian confessions in Bible translating. In 1988 the Conferenza Episcopale Italiana initiated an extensive and in-depth revision of the CEI1971-74 Bible based on the most recent critical editions of the original Hebrew and Greek texts. The new CEI Bible was published in 2008. Created for the liturgical use, with its 1971-74 edition the CEI Bible became the reference text, almost a new Vulgata. The NTGLI is a strategic tool for future translations of the New Testament in the 4,000 languages without a Bible translation, also aiming to contribute to the affirmation of peace for humanity, as stated in the United Nations Charter: “United Nations Charter, Chapter I, Purposes and Principles, Article 1: The Purposes of the United Nations are: To maintain international peace and security...[and] to develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples…”
在联合国国际翻译日的同一天,即2020年9月30日,意大利天主教主教团(CEI)出版了《希腊-拉丁-意大利新遗嘱》,这是联合国为纪念圣杰罗姆而选择的日期。NTGLI的出版提出了两个具体的创新:1。在“文本”层面上使用最新版本的新约(希腊文新约-第五修订版;《新Vulgata》,《圣典图书馆版》,《典型交替版》;La Sacra Bibbia -意大利主教会议官方版本)和2。在“文化”层面上,不同基督教教派在圣经翻译中的合作。在1988年,意大利圣公会发起了一个广泛和深入的修订CEI1971-74圣经的基础上,原始希伯来文和希腊文文本的最新关键版本。新版CEI圣经于2008年出版。1971-74年版的CEI《圣经》是为礼仪用途而编写的,它成为了参考文本,几乎是一部新的《圣经》。NTGLI是未来将《新约》翻译成没有圣经译本的4000种语言的战略工具,也旨在促进对人类和平的肯定,正如《联合国宪章》所述:“联合国宪章第一章,宗旨和原则,第一条:联合国的宗旨是:维护国际和平与安全……(及)发展各国间以尊重人民平等权利及自决原则为基础的友好关系……”
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