Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-supplement-15-22
V. Neroev, O. V. Zaytseva, E. Tarutta, E. V. Bobykin, M. Kovalevskaya, R. Fayzrakhmanov, P. A. Nechiporenko
Axial myopia is a risk factor for the development of many concomitant pathological conditions, including those likely to lead to an irreversible loss of visual functions. Until now, specialists disagree about the terminology and the approaches to classification of pathological myopia. We propose a critical analysis of the state-of-the-art research and use them to offer, the definitions of such conditions as “myopic macular degeneration (myopic maculopathy)”, “myopic choroidal neovascularization” and “myopic traction maculopathy” and recommend them for use in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation
{"title":"On classification approaches, terminology and modern principles of treatment of pathologies associated with high myopia. Part 2. Terminology and approaches to classification","authors":"V. Neroev, O. V. Zaytseva, E. Tarutta, E. V. Bobykin, M. Kovalevskaya, R. Fayzrakhmanov, P. A. Nechiporenko","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-supplement-15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-supplement-15-22","url":null,"abstract":"Axial myopia is a risk factor for the development of many concomitant pathological conditions, including those likely to lead to an irreversible loss of visual functions. Until now, specialists disagree about the terminology and the approaches to classification of pathological myopia. We propose a critical analysis of the state-of-the-art research and use them to offer, the definitions of such conditions as “myopic macular degeneration (myopic maculopathy)”, “myopic choroidal neovascularization” and “myopic traction maculopathy” and recommend them for use in the healthcare system of the Russian Federation","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43726770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-18DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-151-156
E. Kozina, P. M. Balashova, S. F. Sinyapko, V. T. Gololobov, S. V. Ivliev
The literature review discusses the impact of scheduled hemodialysis on the state of the anterior part of the eye, the chorioretinal complex, the central and peripheral vision. The hemodialysis procedure is accompanied by a decrease in basal tear production, quickening of the tear film break-up, and an abnormal ocular surface disease index. Thinning of the corneal center is not accompanied by significant keratometric changes. Intradialytic thinning of the choroid and reduction of ocular perfusion pressure may be involved in the progression of ischemic eye diseases. Lower visual acuity is associated with the instability of the lens and choroid thickness. The impact of hemodialysis on the peripheral vision has not been sufficiently investigated. The correlations of ophthalmic changes with systemic effects of the dialysis are ambiguous. The inconsistency of the research results requires that the research should be continued.
{"title":"The impact of scheduled hemodialysis on clinical-functional and morphometric ophthalmological status of patients with a terminal kidney disease","authors":"E. Kozina, P. M. Balashova, S. F. Sinyapko, V. T. Gololobov, S. V. Ivliev","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-151-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-151-156","url":null,"abstract":"The literature review discusses the impact of scheduled hemodialysis on the state of the anterior part of the eye, the chorioretinal complex, the central and peripheral vision. The hemodialysis procedure is accompanied by a decrease in basal tear production, quickening of the tear film break-up, and an abnormal ocular surface disease index. Thinning of the corneal center is not accompanied by significant keratometric changes. Intradialytic thinning of the choroid and reduction of ocular perfusion pressure may be involved in the progression of ischemic eye diseases. Lower visual acuity is associated with the instability of the lens and choroid thickness. The impact of hemodialysis on the peripheral vision has not been sufficiently investigated. The correlations of ophthalmic changes with systemic effects of the dialysis are ambiguous. The inconsistency of the research results requires that the research should be continued.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44832904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-18DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167
N. Kurysheva, O. A. Evdokimova, A. D. Nikitina
Posterior eye segment involvement in COVID-19 has varied manifestations: vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal. All of them are triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus but they cannot be viewed as exclusively specific to COVID-19. According to the literature, the mean age of the patients varies from 17 to 75 with the median of 50 years. The median duration between the appearance of ophthalmic symptoms and the detection of COVID-19 was 12 days. The disease affects both men and women equally. Direct exposure to the virus, immune-mediated tissue damage, activation of the coagulation system, the prothrombotic state caused by a viral infection, concomitant diseases and medications used in the treatment contribute to the development of eye pathologies. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible relations of posterior eye segment pathologies, orbit and neuro-ophthalmic disorders with SARS-CoV-2, as well as the possible exacerbation of chronic forms of inflammatory eye diseases and autoimmune disorders due to anti-COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"Eye damage in COVID-19. Part 2: posterior segment complications, neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, vaccination and risk factors","authors":"N. Kurysheva, O. A. Evdokimova, A. D. Nikitina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167","url":null,"abstract":"Posterior eye segment involvement in COVID-19 has varied manifestations: vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal. All of them are triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus but they cannot be viewed as exclusively specific to COVID-19. According to the literature, the mean age of the patients varies from 17 to 75 with the median of 50 years. The median duration between the appearance of ophthalmic symptoms and the detection of COVID-19 was 12 days. The disease affects both men and women equally. Direct exposure to the virus, immune-mediated tissue damage, activation of the coagulation system, the prothrombotic state caused by a viral infection, concomitant diseases and medications used in the treatment contribute to the development of eye pathologies. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible relations of posterior eye segment pathologies, orbit and neuro-ophthalmic disorders with SARS-CoV-2, as well as the possible exacerbation of chronic forms of inflammatory eye diseases and autoimmune disorders due to anti-COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45070231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-18DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-145-150
N. Gavrilova, N. Kutrovskaya, Kh. N. Salimova
The literature review presents the results of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used for Graves’ orbitopathy. The data on the thickness of the inner layers of the retina, microcirculation in the peripapillary and macular regions, parameters of the choroid, lamina cribrosa and extraocular muscles were analyzed as possible diagnostic criteria of the condition.
{"title":"Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used in endocrine ophthalmopathy","authors":"N. Gavrilova, N. Kutrovskaya, Kh. N. Salimova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-145-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-145-150","url":null,"abstract":"The literature review presents the results of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used for Graves’ orbitopathy. The data on the thickness of the inner layers of the retina, microcirculation in the peripapillary and macular regions, parameters of the choroid, lamina cribrosa and extraocular muscles were analyzed as possible diagnostic criteria of the condition.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46223536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-127-134
A. Fursova, A. S. Derbeneva, O. Kozhevnikova, D. V. Telegina, V. Devyatkin
Purpose: to analyze the levels of cytokines in intraocular fluid (IF) and blood plasma of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) previously untreated by intravitreal therapy before and after the therapy by angiogenesis inhibitor or a corticosteroid. Material and methods. We examined 90 people — 47 females (52.2 %) and 43 males (47.8 %), mean age 64.54 ± 11.30 years. Of these, 60 had DME, and 30 formed the control group. The levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines in IF were determined by Milliplex® Map Human Cytokine/ Chemokine Panel; while the concentration of IL-18, MCP-1/CCL2, EPO, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNα, VEGF-A in blood plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Vector-Best, Russia). Patients with DME received intravitreal injections of an angiogenesis inhibitor (aflibercept. 50 eyes) or a corticosteroid (dexamethasone implant, 30 eyes). Results. Significant differences were revealed in 10 cytokine concentrations between the DME patients and the control group. The concentrations of IL-7, IL-15 and MCP-1/CCL2 levels in IF of DME patients were, respectively, 20.5, 20.3, and 11.02 times higher, than in the control group (р ˂ 0.05). Besides, a pairwise comparison of cytokines concentrations in IF of patients from either treatment group with the controls demonstrated a statistically significant increase in GROα/CXCL1 level. The pairwise comparison also revealed significant differences between the control and the corticosteroid therapy for systemic concentrations of IL-18 (p = 0.017), MCP-1/CCL2 (p = 0.009) and VEGF-A (p = 0.016). Conclusion. A pronounced and significant increase of the levels of a number of cytokines (e.g., IL-7, IL-15. FRACTALKINE/CX3CL1) were only sparsely reported before or remained undetermined at all. Our results on systemic cytokines levels may serve as prerequisite for further research into the role of systemic inflammation in DME pathogenesis. The analysis of associations of our results with those of other clinical biomarkers will contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies.
{"title":"The impact of intravitreal therapy of diabetic macular edema on the local and systemic production of cytokines","authors":"A. Fursova, A. S. Derbeneva, O. Kozhevnikova, D. V. Telegina, V. Devyatkin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-127-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-127-134","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to analyze the levels of cytokines in intraocular fluid (IF) and blood plasma of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) previously untreated by intravitreal therapy before and after the therapy by angiogenesis inhibitor or a corticosteroid. Material and methods. We examined 90 people — 47 females (52.2 %) and 43 males (47.8 %), mean age 64.54 ± 11.30 years. Of these, 60 had DME, and 30 formed the control group. The levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines in IF were determined by Milliplex® Map Human Cytokine/ Chemokine Panel; while the concentration of IL-18, MCP-1/CCL2, EPO, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNα, VEGF-A in blood plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Vector-Best, Russia). Patients with DME received intravitreal injections of an angiogenesis inhibitor (aflibercept. 50 eyes) or a corticosteroid (dexamethasone implant, 30 eyes). Results. Significant differences were revealed in 10 cytokine concentrations between the DME patients and the control group. The concentrations of IL-7, IL-15 and MCP-1/CCL2 levels in IF of DME patients were, respectively, 20.5, 20.3, and 11.02 times higher, than in the control group (р ˂ 0.05). Besides, a pairwise comparison of cytokines concentrations in IF of patients from either treatment group with the controls demonstrated a statistically significant increase in GROα/CXCL1 level. The pairwise comparison also revealed significant differences between the control and the corticosteroid therapy for systemic concentrations of IL-18 (p = 0.017), MCP-1/CCL2 (p = 0.009) and VEGF-A (p = 0.016). Conclusion. A pronounced and significant increase of the levels of a number of cytokines (e.g., IL-7, IL-15. FRACTALKINE/CX3CL1) were only sparsely reported before or remained undetermined at all. Our results on systemic cytokines levels may serve as prerequisite for further research into the role of systemic inflammation in DME pathogenesis. The analysis of associations of our results with those of other clinical biomarkers will contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41974135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-71-76
S. N. Subbotina, S. S. Shamkin, A. Stepanyants
Purpose: to present the functional results of primary early vitrectomy in patients with subtotal and total hemophthalmos with penetrating wounds and severe contusions of the eye. Material and methods. 41 patients were observed, including 24 patients (24 eyes) with a penetrating eye injury and 17 patients (17 eyes) with a severe eye contusion. All patients had subtotal or total hemophthalmos. All patients underwent a 25G three-port vitrectomy no later than 3 days after the injury. 33 patients received a tamponade with silicone oil 5700, and 8 patients received gas-air mixture C3F8. The follow-up period was 6 months. Results. On the first day after surgery, 31 patients treated with silicone oil tamponade showed an improvement in visual acuity. With gas-air tamponade, visual acuity as light perception was obtained for 1 day; as the gas resorbed, objective vision appeared in all 8 cases. Six months after the surgery, a good anatomical result was achieved: no signs of subatrophy were detected in any of the presented patients. An unfavorable outcome (lacking or incorrect light perception) was observed in 4 cases (9.75%), a relatively favorable functional outcome in the form of objective vision less than 0.1, in 17 cases (41.5%), a favorable outcome with visual acuity above 0.15 in 20 cases (49%). Signs of proliferative vitreoretinopathy were noted in 8 patients (19.5%), which in cases of severe penetrating wounds and contusions and a number of complicating factors is a good result as compared to the available literature statistics. Conclusion. Our study shows that in patients with total and subtotal hemophthalmos with penetrating eye wounds and severe contusions, primary vitrectomy should be performed at an early stage. After the surgery the patients receive a statistically significant increase in visual acuity, have a stable anatomical result and, in the long term, obtain a good functional result.
{"title":"Primary vitrectomy in total and subtotal hemophthalmos of traumatic etiology","authors":"S. N. Subbotina, S. S. Shamkin, A. Stepanyants","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-71-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-71-76","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to present the functional results of primary early vitrectomy in patients with subtotal and total hemophthalmos with penetrating wounds and severe contusions of the eye. Material and methods. 41 patients were observed, including 24 patients (24 eyes) with a penetrating eye injury and 17 patients (17 eyes) with a severe eye contusion. All patients had subtotal or total hemophthalmos. All patients underwent a 25G three-port vitrectomy no later than 3 days after the injury. 33 patients received a tamponade with silicone oil 5700, and 8 patients received gas-air mixture C3F8. The follow-up period was 6 months. Results. On the first day after surgery, 31 patients treated with silicone oil tamponade showed an improvement in visual acuity. With gas-air tamponade, visual acuity as light perception was obtained for 1 day; as the gas resorbed, objective vision appeared in all 8 cases. Six months after the surgery, a good anatomical result was achieved: no signs of subatrophy were detected in any of the presented patients. An unfavorable outcome (lacking or incorrect light perception) was observed in 4 cases (9.75%), a relatively favorable functional outcome in the form of objective vision less than 0.1, in 17 cases (41.5%), a favorable outcome with visual acuity above 0.15 in 20 cases (49%). Signs of proliferative vitreoretinopathy were noted in 8 patients (19.5%), which in cases of severe penetrating wounds and contusions and a number of complicating factors is a good result as compared to the available literature statistics. Conclusion. Our study shows that in patients with total and subtotal hemophthalmos with penetrating eye wounds and severe contusions, primary vitrectomy should be performed at an early stage. After the surgery the patients receive a statistically significant increase in visual acuity, have a stable anatomical result and, in the long term, obtain a good functional result.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48355032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-119-126
E. Blinova, G. K. Poluosmak, E. Litvin, D. S. Blinov, M. V. Shiсh, O. S. Vavilova, O. Vasilkina, E. Shich
Purpose: to determine the main characteristics of the mydriatic effect of drug formulations of phenylephrine, containing and not containing hypromellose, hyaluronic acid as an auxiliary component, in a comparative in vivo study, as well as to study their local bioavailability and the effect on the mucous membrane of the eye. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 40 adult male Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The research model involved the mydriatic impact and the local irritant effect of the drug when instilled into the awake rabbit’s conjunctival sac. The peak concentration of phenylephrine, which is part of all formulations studied, was determined in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the animal's eye at the 5-minute point by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Results. A single instillation of 1 drop of a 2.5% solution of phenylephrine hydrochloride containing hypromellose as an excipient is superior in depth, rate of reaching the maximum mydriatic effect and its duration to the formulation that does not contain hypromellose as an excipient. Only in a few cases, drug formulations containing hypromellose caused an insignificant weak reaction of eyelid closure, in contrast to a moderate local irritant reaction of the rabbit's eye occurring when phenylephrine solution without hypromellose is instilled. Peak concentrations of phenylephrine in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye determined 5 minutes after instillation of 1 drop of 2.5% phenylephrine solutions containing hypromellose significantly exceed those occurring when phenylephrine drugs of the same concentration that do not contain hypromellose are instilled. Conclusion. The inclusion of hypromellose as an auxiliary substance into the formulation of phenylephrine eye drops optimizes the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the active substance due to faster penetration into the eye anterior chamber aqueous humor, increasing local bioavailability and prolonging the exposure time. In addition, the absence of a local irritating effect of such forms on the eye tissues may also be explained by the presence of hypromellose.
{"title":"Hypromellose improves mydriasis dynamics by phenylephrine in a rabbit experimental model","authors":"E. Blinova, G. K. Poluosmak, E. Litvin, D. S. Blinov, M. V. Shiсh, O. S. Vavilova, O. Vasilkina, E. Shich","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-119-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-119-126","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to determine the main characteristics of the mydriatic effect of drug formulations of phenylephrine, containing and not containing hypromellose, hyaluronic acid as an auxiliary component, in a comparative in vivo study, as well as to study their local bioavailability and the effect on the mucous membrane of the eye. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 40 adult male Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The research model involved the mydriatic impact and the local irritant effect of the drug when instilled into the awake rabbit’s conjunctival sac. The peak concentration of phenylephrine, which is part of all formulations studied, was determined in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the animal's eye at the 5-minute point by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Results. A single instillation of 1 drop of a 2.5% solution of phenylephrine hydrochloride containing hypromellose as an excipient is superior in depth, rate of reaching the maximum mydriatic effect and its duration to the formulation that does not contain hypromellose as an excipient. Only in a few cases, drug formulations containing hypromellose caused an insignificant weak reaction of eyelid closure, in contrast to a moderate local irritant reaction of the rabbit's eye occurring when phenylephrine solution without hypromellose is instilled. Peak concentrations of phenylephrine in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye determined 5 minutes after instillation of 1 drop of 2.5% phenylephrine solutions containing hypromellose significantly exceed those occurring when phenylephrine drugs of the same concentration that do not contain hypromellose are instilled. Conclusion. The inclusion of hypromellose as an auxiliary substance into the formulation of phenylephrine eye drops optimizes the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the active substance due to faster penetration into the eye anterior chamber aqueous humor, increasing local bioavailability and prolonging the exposure time. In addition, the absence of a local irritating effect of such forms on the eye tissues may also be explained by the presence of hypromellose.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42581620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-107-111
A. Shpak, N. Morina, M. V. Korobkova
Purpose. To investigate the influence of the axial length of eyes on the average macular thickness and to develop a method for assessing this optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameter in patients with refractive errors. Material and methods. The study involved 132 patients (132 eyes) over 40; of these, 43 patients with hyperopia (axial length 20–22 mm), 38 patients with myopia (axial length 25–28 mm) and 51 healthy subjects with emmetropia with similar gender and age distribution (axial length 22.5–24.5 mm). OCT was performed on a Cirrus HD-OCT device (Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA). Results. The average macular thickness in the emmetropia group was 282.4 ± 10.2 (261–304) μm. In patients with myopia, it was on average 7 μm less (274.9 ± 10.5; from 250 to 296 μm, p = 0.005), and in patients with hyperopia it was almost 6 μm thicker (288.2 ± 12.5; from 258 to 313 μm, p = 0.032). In the emmetropia group, normative data for the average macular thickness were determined. For eyes with the axial length of 20–22 and 25–28 mm, corrections for calculating the average macular thickness in emmetropic eyes have been developed, allowing comparison with the normative data. Conclusion. The average macular thickness decreases with the increase of the axial length of the eye. An original technique for assessing the average macular thickness in patients with refractive errors, adapted to the Cirrus HD-OCT device, was developed. For this device, the normative database of healthy subjects with emmetropia aged of 41–80 years has been compiled.
{"title":"Macular thickness in patients with refractive errors","authors":"A. Shpak, N. Morina, M. V. Korobkova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-107-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-107-111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate the influence of the axial length of eyes on the average macular thickness and to develop a method for assessing this optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameter in patients with refractive errors. Material and methods. The study involved 132 patients (132 eyes) over 40; of these, 43 patients with hyperopia (axial length 20–22 mm), 38 patients with myopia (axial length 25–28 mm) and 51 healthy subjects with emmetropia with similar gender and age distribution (axial length 22.5–24.5 mm). OCT was performed on a Cirrus HD-OCT device (Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA). Results. The average macular thickness in the emmetropia group was 282.4 ± 10.2 (261–304) μm. In patients with myopia, it was on average 7 μm less (274.9 ± 10.5; from 250 to 296 μm, p = 0.005), and in patients with hyperopia it was almost 6 μm thicker (288.2 ± 12.5; from 258 to 313 μm, p = 0.032). In the emmetropia group, normative data for the average macular thickness were determined. For eyes with the axial length of 20–22 and 25–28 mm, corrections for calculating the average macular thickness in emmetropic eyes have been developed, allowing comparison with the normative data. Conclusion. The average macular thickness decreases with the increase of the axial length of the eye. An original technique for assessing the average macular thickness in patients with refractive errors, adapted to the Cirrus HD-OCT device, was developed. For this device, the normative database of healthy subjects with emmetropia aged of 41–80 years has been compiled.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-90-95
E. Tur, T. Y. Kozhevnikova
Purpose. To evaluate the change in the functional activity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in response to intraocular pressure (IOP) drop in patients with newly diagnosed early stage primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using a pattern electroretinogram (PERG). Material and methods. A prospective non-randomized cohort study included 12 patients (24 eyes) including 5 men, 7 women, aged 63.42 ± 2.96 years with newly diagnosed early stage POAG in at least one eye, who underwent PERG (Diopsys Nova, Diopsys, Inc.) in addition to an ophthalmologic examination. After being diagnosed with POAG, all patients were prescribed prostaglandin analogues as monotherapy. One and four months into the treatment, repeated examinations took place. Results. At these time points, a significant decrease in IOP was noted, accompanied by an increase in PERG parameters , which indicates an improvement in the functional activity of RGCs, yet no linear relationship between the IOP decrease and the improvement in PERG parameters could be found. Conclusion. Early stage naïve-treatment POAG patients with minimally impaired visual fields as determined by threshold computer perimetry may have their RGCs functional activity partially restored and IOP lessened thanks to continuous IOP-lowering therapy with prostaglandin analogues. PERG can be used as a method for evaluating the effectiveness of glaucoma hypotensive therapy in terms of maintaining and improving the functional activity of RGCs.
{"title":"Hypotensive therapy effectiveness evaluation in primary open-angle glaucoma evidenced by pattern electroretinogram data","authors":"E. Tur, T. Y. Kozhevnikova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-90-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-90-95","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate the change in the functional activity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in response to intraocular pressure (IOP) drop in patients with newly diagnosed early stage primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) using a pattern electroretinogram (PERG). Material and methods. A prospective non-randomized cohort study included 12 patients (24 eyes) including 5 men, 7 women, aged 63.42 ± 2.96 years with newly diagnosed early stage POAG in at least one eye, who underwent PERG (Diopsys Nova, Diopsys, Inc.) in addition to an ophthalmologic examination. After being diagnosed with POAG, all patients were prescribed prostaglandin analogues as monotherapy. One and four months into the treatment, repeated examinations took place. Results. At these time points, a significant decrease in IOP was noted, accompanied by an increase in PERG parameters , which indicates an improvement in the functional activity of RGCs, yet no linear relationship between the IOP decrease and the improvement in PERG parameters could be found. Conclusion. Early stage naïve-treatment POAG patients with minimally impaired visual fields as determined by threshold computer perimetry may have their RGCs functional activity partially restored and IOP lessened thanks to continuous IOP-lowering therapy with prostaglandin analogues. PERG can be used as a method for evaluating the effectiveness of glaucoma hypotensive therapy in terms of maintaining and improving the functional activity of RGCs.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42593343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-112-118
E. V. Yani, V. Pozdnyakova, K. E. Seliverstova
Adenoviral conjunctivitis (AVC) is treated with pathogenetically determined immunotropic drugs, the most commonly used of which are combined eye drops that include recombinant human interferon alpha-2b and diphenhydramine hydrochloride. In 2020, Russia registered the first domestic generic of the original, called Interferon-Ophthalmo eye drops. Purpose: to compare the effectiveness and safety of InterferonOphthalmo and the original interferon alpha-2b + diphenhydramine drug (Ophthalmoferon) in AVC patients. Material and methods. The study included 30 patients (60 eyes) aged 18–75 years with a clinically confirmed AVC, divided into the main group and the control group, each having 15 patients. The main group received Interferon-Ophthalmo, while the control group received Ophthamoferon. The treatment procedures were identical, with the follow-up period of 15 days. Clinical manifestations of AVC were assessed according to multiple parameters: complaints of eyelid edema, eye redness, lacrimation, itching, foreign body sensation, severity of conjunctival edema and hyperemia, follicular reaction in the lower conjunctival fornix, and hemorrhages. Results. The comparative assessment of the proportion of cases of clinical recovery, performed on the 7th and the 15th days of AVC therapy, confirms the same effectiveness of the two drugs. Conclusion. Interferon-Ophthalmo has a high clinical efficacy comparable with that of the original drug Interferon alpha-2b + Diphenhydramine and can be recommended for the treatment of patients with adenoviral ophthalmic infections.
{"title":"The effectiveness of Interferon-Ophthalmo, an antiviral and immunotropic drug, in the treatment of adenoviral ophthalmic infections","authors":"E. V. Yani, V. Pozdnyakova, K. E. Seliverstova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-112-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-112-118","url":null,"abstract":"Adenoviral conjunctivitis (AVC) is treated with pathogenetically determined immunotropic drugs, the most commonly used of which are combined eye drops that include recombinant human interferon alpha-2b and diphenhydramine hydrochloride. In 2020, Russia registered the first domestic generic of the original, called Interferon-Ophthalmo eye drops. Purpose: to compare the effectiveness and safety of InterferonOphthalmo and the original interferon alpha-2b + diphenhydramine drug (Ophthalmoferon) in AVC patients. Material and methods. The study included 30 patients (60 eyes) aged 18–75 years with a clinically confirmed AVC, divided into the main group and the control group, each having 15 patients. The main group received Interferon-Ophthalmo, while the control group received Ophthamoferon. The treatment procedures were identical, with the follow-up period of 15 days. Clinical manifestations of AVC were assessed according to multiple parameters: complaints of eyelid edema, eye redness, lacrimation, itching, foreign body sensation, severity of conjunctival edema and hyperemia, follicular reaction in the lower conjunctival fornix, and hemorrhages. Results. The comparative assessment of the proportion of cases of clinical recovery, performed on the 7th and the 15th days of AVC therapy, confirms the same effectiveness of the two drugs. Conclusion. Interferon-Ophthalmo has a high clinical efficacy comparable with that of the original drug Interferon alpha-2b + Diphenhydramine and can be recommended for the treatment of patients with adenoviral ophthalmic infections.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45208270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：