Pub Date : 2023-03-18DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-151-156
E. Kozina, P. M. Balashova, S. F. Sinyapko, V. T. Gololobov, S. V. Ivliev
The literature review discusses the impact of scheduled hemodialysis on the state of the anterior part of the eye, the chorioretinal complex, the central and peripheral vision. The hemodialysis procedure is accompanied by a decrease in basal tear production, quickening of the tear film break-up, and an abnormal ocular surface disease index. Thinning of the corneal center is not accompanied by significant keratometric changes. Intradialytic thinning of the choroid and reduction of ocular perfusion pressure may be involved in the progression of ischemic eye diseases. Lower visual acuity is associated with the instability of the lens and choroid thickness. The impact of hemodialysis on the peripheral vision has not been sufficiently investigated. The correlations of ophthalmic changes with systemic effects of the dialysis are ambiguous. The inconsistency of the research results requires that the research should be continued.
{"title":"The impact of scheduled hemodialysis on clinical-functional and morphometric ophthalmological status of patients with a terminal kidney disease","authors":"E. Kozina, P. M. Balashova, S. F. Sinyapko, V. T. Gololobov, S. V. Ivliev","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-151-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-151-156","url":null,"abstract":"The literature review discusses the impact of scheduled hemodialysis on the state of the anterior part of the eye, the chorioretinal complex, the central and peripheral vision. The hemodialysis procedure is accompanied by a decrease in basal tear production, quickening of the tear film break-up, and an abnormal ocular surface disease index. Thinning of the corneal center is not accompanied by significant keratometric changes. Intradialytic thinning of the choroid and reduction of ocular perfusion pressure may be involved in the progression of ischemic eye diseases. Lower visual acuity is associated with the instability of the lens and choroid thickness. The impact of hemodialysis on the peripheral vision has not been sufficiently investigated. The correlations of ophthalmic changes with systemic effects of the dialysis are ambiguous. The inconsistency of the research results requires that the research should be continued.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44832904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-18DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167
N. Kurysheva, O. A. Evdokimova, A. D. Nikitina
Posterior eye segment involvement in COVID-19 has varied manifestations: vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal. All of them are triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus but they cannot be viewed as exclusively specific to COVID-19. According to the literature, the mean age of the patients varies from 17 to 75 with the median of 50 years. The median duration between the appearance of ophthalmic symptoms and the detection of COVID-19 was 12 days. The disease affects both men and women equally. Direct exposure to the virus, immune-mediated tissue damage, activation of the coagulation system, the prothrombotic state caused by a viral infection, concomitant diseases and medications used in the treatment contribute to the development of eye pathologies. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible relations of posterior eye segment pathologies, orbit and neuro-ophthalmic disorders with SARS-CoV-2, as well as the possible exacerbation of chronic forms of inflammatory eye diseases and autoimmune disorders due to anti-COVID-19 vaccination.
{"title":"Eye damage in COVID-19. Part 2: posterior segment complications, neuro-ophthalmic manifestations, vaccination and risk factors","authors":"N. Kurysheva, O. A. Evdokimova, A. D. Nikitina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-157-167","url":null,"abstract":"Posterior eye segment involvement in COVID-19 has varied manifestations: vascular, inflammatory, and neuronal. All of them are triggered by SARS-CoV-2 virus but they cannot be viewed as exclusively specific to COVID-19. According to the literature, the mean age of the patients varies from 17 to 75 with the median of 50 years. The median duration between the appearance of ophthalmic symptoms and the detection of COVID-19 was 12 days. The disease affects both men and women equally. Direct exposure to the virus, immune-mediated tissue damage, activation of the coagulation system, the prothrombotic state caused by a viral infection, concomitant diseases and medications used in the treatment contribute to the development of eye pathologies. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible relations of posterior eye segment pathologies, orbit and neuro-ophthalmic disorders with SARS-CoV-2, as well as the possible exacerbation of chronic forms of inflammatory eye diseases and autoimmune disorders due to anti-COVID-19 vaccination.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45070231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-18DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-145-150
N. Gavrilova, N. Kutrovskaya, Kh. N. Salimova
The literature review presents the results of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used for Graves’ orbitopathy. The data on the thickness of the inner layers of the retina, microcirculation in the peripapillary and macular regions, parameters of the choroid, lamina cribrosa and extraocular muscles were analyzed as possible diagnostic criteria of the condition.
{"title":"Optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used in endocrine ophthalmopathy","authors":"N. Gavrilova, N. Kutrovskaya, Kh. N. Salimova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-145-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-145-150","url":null,"abstract":"The literature review presents the results of optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography — angiography used for Graves’ orbitopathy. The data on the thickness of the inner layers of the retina, microcirculation in the peripapillary and macular regions, parameters of the choroid, lamina cribrosa and extraocular muscles were analyzed as possible diagnostic criteria of the condition.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46223536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-135-141
D. P. Novikov, O. A. Frolov, A. Pokrovsky, V. V. Novikova
The number of ophthalmic antihypertensive drugs available in Russia is steadily increasing, which complicates the choice to be made by ophthalmologist practitioners. Purpose: to compare the efficacy and safety of the domestically produced drug Latanoprost-Optic with the original drug Xalatan used as monotherapy or combined with the domestic drug Dorzolamide-Optic in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Material and methods. 116 completed cases of patients aged 69.3 ± 5.7 with newly diagnosed POAG were retrospectively analyzed, whereby we assessed the efficacy, safety and tolerability of monotherapy with Latanoprost-Optic or Xalatan and their combinations with Dorzolamide-Optic. Results. Latanoprost-Optic efficacy is no worse than that of Xalatan as it reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by 33.8%, and has a comparable safety and tolerability profile. More than 72% of patients rate the tolerability of treatment with LatanoprostOptic as very good or good. An additional hypotensive effect of Dorzolamide-Optic added to latanoprost is 2.6–2.8 mm Hg, or 13.2–14.4% and involves no significant effect on the safety profile and tolerability of therapy. Conclusion. Latanoprost-Optic can be considered as a more affordable alternative to the original drug. If the target IOP values cannot be achieved by latanoprost alone, its combination with DorzolamideOptic is recommended, especially for patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system.
{"title":"A comparative evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Latanoprost-Optic and Xalatan used as monotherapy and combined with Dorzolamide-Optic for primary open-angle glaucoma under clinical practice conditions","authors":"D. P. Novikov, O. A. Frolov, A. Pokrovsky, V. V. Novikova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-135-141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-135-141","url":null,"abstract":"The number of ophthalmic antihypertensive drugs available in Russia is steadily increasing, which complicates the choice to be made by ophthalmologist practitioners. Purpose: to compare the efficacy and safety of the domestically produced drug Latanoprost-Optic with the original drug Xalatan used as monotherapy or combined with the domestic drug Dorzolamide-Optic in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Material and methods. 116 completed cases of patients aged 69.3 ± 5.7 with newly diagnosed POAG were retrospectively analyzed, whereby we assessed the efficacy, safety and tolerability of monotherapy with Latanoprost-Optic or Xalatan and their combinations with Dorzolamide-Optic. Results. Latanoprost-Optic efficacy is no worse than that of Xalatan as it reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) by 33.8%, and has a comparable safety and tolerability profile. More than 72% of patients rate the tolerability of treatment with LatanoprostOptic as very good or good. An additional hypotensive effect of Dorzolamide-Optic added to latanoprost is 2.6–2.8 mm Hg, or 13.2–14.4% and involves no significant effect on the safety profile and tolerability of therapy. Conclusion. Latanoprost-Optic can be considered as a more affordable alternative to the original drug. If the target IOP values cannot be achieved by latanoprost alone, its combination with DorzolamideOptic is recommended, especially for patients with chronic diseases of the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45597931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-142-144
A. E. Sukhomlinov, V. I. Baranov, A. A. Kruchinina
Meibomitis (M) is an inflammation of the meibomian gland (MG) with the involvement of the surrounding tissue. One of the causes of M is an obstructed outflow of fat secretion, complicated by an accompanying infection. The authors propose a new algorithm for the treatment of M (complex conservative therapy, probing of the meibomian gland with an eyelash, and dissection) and offer a classification of meibomitis, which provides a better understanding of the various forms and stages of the disease. Practical application of the proposed treatment algorithm and the classification of M are illustrated by four clinical cases, which reveal the possible causes of M, unusual forms of its manifestation, and open new possibilities of eyelash probing of the meibomian gland.
{"title":"Meibomitis. Clinical cases","authors":"A. E. Sukhomlinov, V. I. Baranov, A. A. Kruchinina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-142-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-142-144","url":null,"abstract":"Meibomitis (M) is an inflammation of the meibomian gland (MG) with the involvement of the surrounding tissue. One of the causes of M is an obstructed outflow of fat secretion, complicated by an accompanying infection. The authors propose a new algorithm for the treatment of M (complex conservative therapy, probing of the meibomian gland with an eyelash, and dissection) and offer a classification of meibomitis, which provides a better understanding of the various forms and stages of the disease. Practical application of the proposed treatment algorithm and the classification of M are illustrated by four clinical cases, which reveal the possible causes of M, unusual forms of its manifestation, and open new possibilities of eyelash probing of the meibomian gland.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48724461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-127-134
A. Fursova, A. S. Derbeneva, O. Kozhevnikova, D. V. Telegina, V. Devyatkin
Purpose: to analyze the levels of cytokines in intraocular fluid (IF) and blood plasma of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) previously untreated by intravitreal therapy before and after the therapy by angiogenesis inhibitor or a corticosteroid. Material and methods. We examined 90 people — 47 females (52.2 %) and 43 males (47.8 %), mean age 64.54 ± 11.30 years. Of these, 60 had DME, and 30 formed the control group. The levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines in IF were determined by Milliplex® Map Human Cytokine/ Chemokine Panel; while the concentration of IL-18, MCP-1/CCL2, EPO, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNα, VEGF-A in blood plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Vector-Best, Russia). Patients with DME received intravitreal injections of an angiogenesis inhibitor (aflibercept. 50 eyes) or a corticosteroid (dexamethasone implant, 30 eyes). Results. Significant differences were revealed in 10 cytokine concentrations between the DME patients and the control group. The concentrations of IL-7, IL-15 and MCP-1/CCL2 levels in IF of DME patients were, respectively, 20.5, 20.3, and 11.02 times higher, than in the control group (р ˂ 0.05). Besides, a pairwise comparison of cytokines concentrations in IF of patients from either treatment group with the controls demonstrated a statistically significant increase in GROα/CXCL1 level. The pairwise comparison also revealed significant differences between the control and the corticosteroid therapy for systemic concentrations of IL-18 (p = 0.017), MCP-1/CCL2 (p = 0.009) and VEGF-A (p = 0.016). Conclusion. A pronounced and significant increase of the levels of a number of cytokines (e.g., IL-7, IL-15. FRACTALKINE/CX3CL1) were only sparsely reported before or remained undetermined at all. Our results on systemic cytokines levels may serve as prerequisite for further research into the role of systemic inflammation in DME pathogenesis. The analysis of associations of our results with those of other clinical biomarkers will contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies.
{"title":"The impact of intravitreal therapy of diabetic macular edema on the local and systemic production of cytokines","authors":"A. Fursova, A. S. Derbeneva, O. Kozhevnikova, D. V. Telegina, V. Devyatkin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-127-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-127-134","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to analyze the levels of cytokines in intraocular fluid (IF) and blood plasma of patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) previously untreated by intravitreal therapy before and after the therapy by angiogenesis inhibitor or a corticosteroid. Material and methods. We examined 90 people — 47 females (52.2 %) and 43 males (47.8 %), mean age 64.54 ± 11.30 years. Of these, 60 had DME, and 30 formed the control group. The levels of 41 cytokines/chemokines in IF were determined by Milliplex® Map Human Cytokine/ Chemokine Panel; while the concentration of IL-18, MCP-1/CCL2, EPO, IL-10, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IFNα, VEGF-A in blood plasma was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (Vector-Best, Russia). Patients with DME received intravitreal injections of an angiogenesis inhibitor (aflibercept. 50 eyes) or a corticosteroid (dexamethasone implant, 30 eyes). Results. Significant differences were revealed in 10 cytokine concentrations between the DME patients and the control group. The concentrations of IL-7, IL-15 and MCP-1/CCL2 levels in IF of DME patients were, respectively, 20.5, 20.3, and 11.02 times higher, than in the control group (р ˂ 0.05). Besides, a pairwise comparison of cytokines concentrations in IF of patients from either treatment group with the controls demonstrated a statistically significant increase in GROα/CXCL1 level. The pairwise comparison also revealed significant differences between the control and the corticosteroid therapy for systemic concentrations of IL-18 (p = 0.017), MCP-1/CCL2 (p = 0.009) and VEGF-A (p = 0.016). Conclusion. A pronounced and significant increase of the levels of a number of cytokines (e.g., IL-7, IL-15. FRACTALKINE/CX3CL1) were only sparsely reported before or remained undetermined at all. Our results on systemic cytokines levels may serve as prerequisite for further research into the role of systemic inflammation in DME pathogenesis. The analysis of associations of our results with those of other clinical biomarkers will contribute to the development of individualized treatment strategies.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41974135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-71-76
S. N. Subbotina, S. S. Shamkin, A. Stepanyants
Purpose: to present the functional results of primary early vitrectomy in patients with subtotal and total hemophthalmos with penetrating wounds and severe contusions of the eye. Material and methods. 41 patients were observed, including 24 patients (24 eyes) with a penetrating eye injury and 17 patients (17 eyes) with a severe eye contusion. All patients had subtotal or total hemophthalmos. All patients underwent a 25G three-port vitrectomy no later than 3 days after the injury. 33 patients received a tamponade with silicone oil 5700, and 8 patients received gas-air mixture C3F8. The follow-up period was 6 months. Results. On the first day after surgery, 31 patients treated with silicone oil tamponade showed an improvement in visual acuity. With gas-air tamponade, visual acuity as light perception was obtained for 1 day; as the gas resorbed, objective vision appeared in all 8 cases. Six months after the surgery, a good anatomical result was achieved: no signs of subatrophy were detected in any of the presented patients. An unfavorable outcome (lacking or incorrect light perception) was observed in 4 cases (9.75%), a relatively favorable functional outcome in the form of objective vision less than 0.1, in 17 cases (41.5%), a favorable outcome with visual acuity above 0.15 in 20 cases (49%). Signs of proliferative vitreoretinopathy were noted in 8 patients (19.5%), which in cases of severe penetrating wounds and contusions and a number of complicating factors is a good result as compared to the available literature statistics. Conclusion. Our study shows that in patients with total and subtotal hemophthalmos with penetrating eye wounds and severe contusions, primary vitrectomy should be performed at an early stage. After the surgery the patients receive a statistically significant increase in visual acuity, have a stable anatomical result and, in the long term, obtain a good functional result.
{"title":"Primary vitrectomy in total and subtotal hemophthalmos of traumatic etiology","authors":"S. N. Subbotina, S. S. Shamkin, A. Stepanyants","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-71-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-71-76","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to present the functional results of primary early vitrectomy in patients with subtotal and total hemophthalmos with penetrating wounds and severe contusions of the eye. Material and methods. 41 patients were observed, including 24 patients (24 eyes) with a penetrating eye injury and 17 patients (17 eyes) with a severe eye contusion. All patients had subtotal or total hemophthalmos. All patients underwent a 25G three-port vitrectomy no later than 3 days after the injury. 33 patients received a tamponade with silicone oil 5700, and 8 patients received gas-air mixture C3F8. The follow-up period was 6 months. Results. On the first day after surgery, 31 patients treated with silicone oil tamponade showed an improvement in visual acuity. With gas-air tamponade, visual acuity as light perception was obtained for 1 day; as the gas resorbed, objective vision appeared in all 8 cases. Six months after the surgery, a good anatomical result was achieved: no signs of subatrophy were detected in any of the presented patients. An unfavorable outcome (lacking or incorrect light perception) was observed in 4 cases (9.75%), a relatively favorable functional outcome in the form of objective vision less than 0.1, in 17 cases (41.5%), a favorable outcome with visual acuity above 0.15 in 20 cases (49%). Signs of proliferative vitreoretinopathy were noted in 8 patients (19.5%), which in cases of severe penetrating wounds and contusions and a number of complicating factors is a good result as compared to the available literature statistics. Conclusion. Our study shows that in patients with total and subtotal hemophthalmos with penetrating eye wounds and severe contusions, primary vitrectomy should be performed at an early stage. After the surgery the patients receive a statistically significant increase in visual acuity, have a stable anatomical result and, in the long term, obtain a good functional result.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48355032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-96-100
I. Filatova, Y. Kondratieva, I. Mohammad, S. A. Shemetov, A. M. Maybogin
Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment of the floppy eyelid syndrome. Material and methods. The clinical group consisted of 23 patients (46 eyes) with the floppy eyelid syndrome (16 men and 4 women), ave. aged 46,0 ± 2.6 years. Of these 20 patients underwent surgery for floppy eyelid syndrome by vertical and horizontal shortening of the upper eyelid with or without correction of blepharoptosis. The observation period ranged from 1 month to 10 years. Fragments resected during the operation were subjected to histological examination. Results. A histological study revealed a reduced quantity or absence of elastin in the tarsal plate, destruction of collagen fiber beams, malformation of hair follicles accompanied by moderate chronic inflammation, In the postoperative period, the complaints caused by involuntary ectropion of the upper eyelid disappeared in all patients, the palpebral fissures became maximally symmetric. Conclusion. Surgeries performed by our technologies result in the best possible anatomical arrangement of the upper eyelid within a single-stage procedure.
{"title":"Surgical treatment of the floppy eyelid syndrome","authors":"I. Filatova, Y. Kondratieva, I. Mohammad, S. A. Shemetov, A. M. Maybogin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-96-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-96-100","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical treatment of the floppy eyelid syndrome. Material and methods. The clinical group consisted of 23 patients (46 eyes) with the floppy eyelid syndrome (16 men and 4 women), ave. aged 46,0 ± 2.6 years. Of these 20 patients underwent surgery for floppy eyelid syndrome by vertical and horizontal shortening of the upper eyelid with or without correction of blepharoptosis. The observation period ranged from 1 month to 10 years. Fragments resected during the operation were subjected to histological examination. Results. A histological study revealed a reduced quantity or absence of elastin in the tarsal plate, destruction of collagen fiber beams, malformation of hair follicles accompanied by moderate chronic inflammation, In the postoperative period, the complaints caused by involuntary ectropion of the upper eyelid disappeared in all patients, the palpebral fissures became maximally symmetric. Conclusion. Surgeries performed by our technologies result in the best possible anatomical arrangement of the upper eyelid within a single-stage procedure.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47492283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-119-126
E. Blinova, G. K. Poluosmak, E. Litvin, D. S. Blinov, M. V. Shiсh, O. S. Vavilova, O. Vasilkina, E. Shich
Purpose: to determine the main characteristics of the mydriatic effect of drug formulations of phenylephrine, containing and not containing hypromellose, hyaluronic acid as an auxiliary component, in a comparative in vivo study, as well as to study their local bioavailability and the effect on the mucous membrane of the eye. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 40 adult male Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The research model involved the mydriatic impact and the local irritant effect of the drug when instilled into the awake rabbit’s conjunctival sac. The peak concentration of phenylephrine, which is part of all formulations studied, was determined in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the animal's eye at the 5-minute point by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Results. A single instillation of 1 drop of a 2.5% solution of phenylephrine hydrochloride containing hypromellose as an excipient is superior in depth, rate of reaching the maximum mydriatic effect and its duration to the formulation that does not contain hypromellose as an excipient. Only in a few cases, drug formulations containing hypromellose caused an insignificant weak reaction of eyelid closure, in contrast to a moderate local irritant reaction of the rabbit's eye occurring when phenylephrine solution without hypromellose is instilled. Peak concentrations of phenylephrine in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye determined 5 minutes after instillation of 1 drop of 2.5% phenylephrine solutions containing hypromellose significantly exceed those occurring when phenylephrine drugs of the same concentration that do not contain hypromellose are instilled. Conclusion. The inclusion of hypromellose as an auxiliary substance into the formulation of phenylephrine eye drops optimizes the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the active substance due to faster penetration into the eye anterior chamber aqueous humor, increasing local bioavailability and prolonging the exposure time. In addition, the absence of a local irritating effect of such forms on the eye tissues may also be explained by the presence of hypromellose.
{"title":"Hypromellose improves mydriasis dynamics by phenylephrine in a rabbit experimental model","authors":"E. Blinova, G. K. Poluosmak, E. Litvin, D. S. Blinov, M. V. Shiсh, O. S. Vavilova, O. Vasilkina, E. Shich","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-119-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-119-126","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to determine the main characteristics of the mydriatic effect of drug formulations of phenylephrine, containing and not containing hypromellose, hyaluronic acid as an auxiliary component, in a comparative in vivo study, as well as to study their local bioavailability and the effect on the mucous membrane of the eye. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out on 40 adult male Soviet Chinchilla rabbits. The research model involved the mydriatic impact and the local irritant effect of the drug when instilled into the awake rabbit’s conjunctival sac. The peak concentration of phenylephrine, which is part of all formulations studied, was determined in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the animal's eye at the 5-minute point by high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection. Results. A single instillation of 1 drop of a 2.5% solution of phenylephrine hydrochloride containing hypromellose as an excipient is superior in depth, rate of reaching the maximum mydriatic effect and its duration to the formulation that does not contain hypromellose as an excipient. Only in a few cases, drug formulations containing hypromellose caused an insignificant weak reaction of eyelid closure, in contrast to a moderate local irritant reaction of the rabbit's eye occurring when phenylephrine solution without hypromellose is instilled. Peak concentrations of phenylephrine in the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye determined 5 minutes after instillation of 1 drop of 2.5% phenylephrine solutions containing hypromellose significantly exceed those occurring when phenylephrine drugs of the same concentration that do not contain hypromellose are instilled. Conclusion. The inclusion of hypromellose as an auxiliary substance into the formulation of phenylephrine eye drops optimizes the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of the active substance due to faster penetration into the eye anterior chamber aqueous humor, increasing local bioavailability and prolonging the exposure time. In addition, the absence of a local irritating effect of such forms on the eye tissues may also be explained by the presence of hypromellose.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42581620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-16DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-107-111
A. Shpak, N. Morina, M. V. Korobkova
Purpose. To investigate the influence of the axial length of eyes on the average macular thickness and to develop a method for assessing this optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameter in patients with refractive errors. Material and methods. The study involved 132 patients (132 eyes) over 40; of these, 43 patients with hyperopia (axial length 20–22 mm), 38 patients with myopia (axial length 25–28 mm) and 51 healthy subjects with emmetropia with similar gender and age distribution (axial length 22.5–24.5 mm). OCT was performed on a Cirrus HD-OCT device (Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA). Results. The average macular thickness in the emmetropia group was 282.4 ± 10.2 (261–304) μm. In patients with myopia, it was on average 7 μm less (274.9 ± 10.5; from 250 to 296 μm, p = 0.005), and in patients with hyperopia it was almost 6 μm thicker (288.2 ± 12.5; from 258 to 313 μm, p = 0.032). In the emmetropia group, normative data for the average macular thickness were determined. For eyes with the axial length of 20–22 and 25–28 mm, corrections for calculating the average macular thickness in emmetropic eyes have been developed, allowing comparison with the normative data. Conclusion. The average macular thickness decreases with the increase of the axial length of the eye. An original technique for assessing the average macular thickness in patients with refractive errors, adapted to the Cirrus HD-OCT device, was developed. For this device, the normative database of healthy subjects with emmetropia aged of 41–80 years has been compiled.
{"title":"Macular thickness in patients with refractive errors","authors":"A. Shpak, N. Morina, M. V. Korobkova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-107-111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-107-111","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate the influence of the axial length of eyes on the average macular thickness and to develop a method for assessing this optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameter in patients with refractive errors. Material and methods. The study involved 132 patients (132 eyes) over 40; of these, 43 patients with hyperopia (axial length 20–22 mm), 38 patients with myopia (axial length 25–28 mm) and 51 healthy subjects with emmetropia with similar gender and age distribution (axial length 22.5–24.5 mm). OCT was performed on a Cirrus HD-OCT device (Carl Zeiss Meditec, USA). Results. The average macular thickness in the emmetropia group was 282.4 ± 10.2 (261–304) μm. In patients with myopia, it was on average 7 μm less (274.9 ± 10.5; from 250 to 296 μm, p = 0.005), and in patients with hyperopia it was almost 6 μm thicker (288.2 ± 12.5; from 258 to 313 μm, p = 0.032). In the emmetropia group, normative data for the average macular thickness were determined. For eyes with the axial length of 20–22 and 25–28 mm, corrections for calculating the average macular thickness in emmetropic eyes have been developed, allowing comparison with the normative data. Conclusion. The average macular thickness decreases with the increase of the axial length of the eye. An original technique for assessing the average macular thickness in patients with refractive errors, adapted to the Cirrus HD-OCT device, was developed. For this device, the normative database of healthy subjects with emmetropia aged of 41–80 years has been compiled.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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