Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-7-15
T. Verzhanskaya
Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of control of myopia of various degrees in children and adolescents with the combined use of orthokeratology (OK) correction and ultralow-dose atropine instillations (0.01 %) over a long-term follow-up period (up to 3 years). Material and methods. Children and adolescents aged 11.0–13.5 with continuing progression of acquired myopia who wore nocturnal OK lens (OKL) were divided into three groups according to the duration of 0.01 % atropine application: group 1 comprised 58 children (116 eyes) who received the treatment for 6 months, group 2, 34 children (68 eyes), 8 months, group 3, 145 children (290 eyes), 36 months. The patients were examined before their OK-correction was supplemented by 0.01 % atropine instillations and every 6 months after it. The examination included visometry, refractometry, determination of reserves of relative accommodation reserve (RAR), objective accommodation response, pseudo accommodation (PA), measurement of axial length by optical biometry, anterior biomicroscopy, assessment of lens conditions; ophthalmoscopy under maximum mydriasis using binocular ophthalmoscope. Results. With atropine instillations, the yearly progression rate of myopia (YPR) in group 1 significantly decreased (by 1.6 times). the best effect showing in mild and moderate myopia. In group 2, after 18 months’ follow-up, YPR had significantly decreased (by 2.2 times). In group 3, after a 36 months’ observation, the maximum, 2.8-fold decrease in YPR was observed. The most marked and significant, 3.5-fold decrease in progression rate was observed in low myopia. In moderate myopia, the inhibitory effect of the combination of OKL/atropine combination showed a significant increase as the treatment duration became longer. In high myopia, progression rate fell insignificantly in the first 6 months, but over the whole period of observation, YPR showed a statistically significant, 1.6-fold decrease as compared to the initial level. RAR and PA remained at the levels they were before atropine instillations. Conclusion. OK correction combined with 0.01% atropine instillations produces a pronounced inhibitory effect in children with the most unfavourable course of myopia – progression continuing with night-time orthokeratology. The most pronounced effect was obtained in mild to moderate myopia. The longer the treatment period, the greater the effect of myopia stabilization. Over the 36 months’ period, 0.01% atropine showed no negative effect on the quality of visual functions of subjects wearing OK lenses.
{"title":"Long-term results of orthokeratology correction combined with 0.01 % atropine instilliations in children and adolescents with progressive myopia of various degrees","authors":"T. Verzhanskaya","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-7-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-7-15","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of control of myopia of various degrees in children and adolescents with the combined use of orthokeratology (OK) correction and ultralow-dose atropine instillations (0.01 %) over a long-term follow-up period (up to 3 years). Material and methods. Children and adolescents aged 11.0–13.5 with continuing progression of acquired myopia who wore nocturnal OK lens (OKL) were divided into three groups according to the duration of 0.01 % atropine application: group 1 comprised 58 children (116 eyes) who received the treatment for 6 months, group 2, 34 children (68 eyes), 8 months, group 3, 145 children (290 eyes), 36 months. The patients were examined before their OK-correction was supplemented by 0.01 % atropine instillations and every 6 months after it. The examination included visometry, refractometry, determination of reserves of relative accommodation reserve (RAR), objective accommodation response, pseudo accommodation (PA), measurement of axial length by optical biometry, anterior biomicroscopy, assessment of lens conditions; ophthalmoscopy under maximum mydriasis using binocular ophthalmoscope. Results. With atropine instillations, the yearly progression rate of myopia (YPR) in group 1 significantly decreased (by 1.6 times). the best effect showing in mild and moderate myopia. In group 2, after 18 months’ follow-up, YPR had significantly decreased (by 2.2 times). In group 3, after a 36 months’ observation, the maximum, 2.8-fold decrease in YPR was observed. The most marked and significant, 3.5-fold decrease in progression rate was observed in low myopia. In moderate myopia, the inhibitory effect of the combination of OKL/atropine combination showed a significant increase as the treatment duration became longer. In high myopia, progression rate fell insignificantly in the first 6 months, but over the whole period of observation, YPR showed a statistically significant, 1.6-fold decrease as compared to the initial level. RAR and PA remained at the levels they were before atropine instillations. Conclusion. OK correction combined with 0.01% atropine instillations produces a pronounced inhibitory effect in children with the most unfavourable course of myopia – progression continuing with night-time orthokeratology. The most pronounced effect was obtained in mild to moderate myopia. The longer the treatment period, the greater the effect of myopia stabilization. Over the 36 months’ period, 0.01% atropine showed no negative effect on the quality of visual functions of subjects wearing OK lenses.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46855152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-47-50
S. V. Lesovoy, O. A. Boginskaya, E. S. Arestova
Purpose: to assess the efficacy of inhalation anesthesia with laryngeal mask in extremely premature infants with low or extremely low birthweight and somatic comorbidities during the surgery of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the active phase of the disease. Materials and methods. 477 infants of 25 to 32 weeks’ gestational age were treated by delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation. Inductive anesthesia with Sevoflurane (BAXTER HEALTHCARE Corp, USA) was followed by placing a laryngeal mask. The delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation was performed using laser devices with an adapter on a binocular forehead ophthalmoscope Supra (Quantel Medical, France) and LachtaMylon (Lasermedservis, Russia,). After the surgery, the recovery from sedation and return of consciousness took 7 to 10 minutes. Results. An inhalation of Sevoflurane with the adoption of a laryngeal mask airway significantly decreases complications of anesthesia in premature infants with comorbidities and reduces the length of hospital stay. The quick clearance of Sevoflurane makes it possible to begin feeding the infant one hour after the surgery. Conclusion. Inhalation anesthesia with Sevoflurane is a method ensuring that preterm infants receive adequate anesthesia in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in its active phase.
{"title":"Inhalation anesthesia in laser surgery of retinopathy of prematurity","authors":"S. V. Lesovoy, O. A. Boginskaya, E. S. Arestova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-47-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-47-50","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to assess the efficacy of inhalation anesthesia with laryngeal mask in extremely premature infants with low or extremely low birthweight and somatic comorbidities during the surgery of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the active phase of the disease. Materials and methods. 477 infants of 25 to 32 weeks’ gestational age were treated by delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation. Inductive anesthesia with Sevoflurane (BAXTER HEALTHCARE Corp, USA) was followed by placing a laryngeal mask. The delimiting retinal laser photocoagulation was performed using laser devices with an adapter on a binocular forehead ophthalmoscope Supra (Quantel Medical, France) and LachtaMylon (Lasermedservis, Russia,). After the surgery, the recovery from sedation and return of consciousness took 7 to 10 minutes. Results. An inhalation of Sevoflurane with the adoption of a laryngeal mask airway significantly decreases complications of anesthesia in premature infants with comorbidities and reduces the length of hospital stay. The quick clearance of Sevoflurane makes it possible to begin feeding the infant one hour after the surgery. Conclusion. Inhalation anesthesia with Sevoflurane is a method ensuring that preterm infants receive adequate anesthesia in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in its active phase.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46027055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-41-46
L. V. Kogoleva, M. Ivanova, E. N. Demchenko, T. V. Sudovskaya, Ju. A. Bobrovskaya, N. S. Kokoeva, A. A. Makarova
Purpose: to analyze the clinical manifestations, course, and results of treatment of Coats disease in children. Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of 59 patients with Coats retinitis (83 % were boys) who had been comprehensively examined and treated between 2018 and 2021. After the diagnosis was verified, the children were hospitalized for treatment. Retinal laser coagulation was performed on 61 eyes, angiogenesis inhibitors were administered on 1 eye, and 5 eyes received microsurgical interventions. Results. At the time of disease detection, the children’s age varied from 1 to 16 years. In 97 % of cases, the process was unilateral. An improvement of the anatomical condition and the eye-preserving effect were achieved in 87 %. Visual acuity could only be increased in 19 eyes (31.1 %), all with the initial or the advanced stages of Coats retinitis. Proceeding from our experience, the analysis of polymorphism of clinical manifestations, functional prognosis and differentiated approach to treatment depending on the prevailing clinical symptoms, we suggest a new variant of clinical classification of Coats retinitis. Conclusion. In order to ensure a timely diagnosis of the disease, a very thorough examination of patients in the first decade of life is required. Only an early diagnosis and timely treatment can help achieve not only an eye-preserving effect but also functional results.
{"title":"Clinical manifestation, course and treatment results of Coats disease in children","authors":"L. V. Kogoleva, M. Ivanova, E. N. Demchenko, T. V. Sudovskaya, Ju. A. Bobrovskaya, N. S. Kokoeva, A. A. Makarova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-41-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-41-46","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to analyze the clinical manifestations, course, and results of treatment of Coats disease in children. Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective analysis of medical records of 59 patients with Coats retinitis (83 % were boys) who had been comprehensively examined and treated between 2018 and 2021. After the diagnosis was verified, the children were hospitalized for treatment. Retinal laser coagulation was performed on 61 eyes, angiogenesis inhibitors were administered on 1 eye, and 5 eyes received microsurgical interventions. Results. At the time of disease detection, the children’s age varied from 1 to 16 years. In 97 % of cases, the process was unilateral. An improvement of the anatomical condition and the eye-preserving effect were achieved in 87 %. Visual acuity could only be increased in 19 eyes (31.1 %), all with the initial or the advanced stages of Coats retinitis. Proceeding from our experience, the analysis of polymorphism of clinical manifestations, functional prognosis and differentiated approach to treatment depending on the prevailing clinical symptoms, we suggest a new variant of clinical classification of Coats retinitis. Conclusion. In order to ensure a timely diagnosis of the disease, a very thorough examination of patients in the first decade of life is required. Only an early diagnosis and timely treatment can help achieve not only an eye-preserving effect but also functional results.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49459472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-29-35
I. Ioshin, A. O. Murashev, A. N. Demin
Purpose: to analyze the results of corneal astigmatism correction by cataract surgery using two methods of marking the calculated toric IOL axis with Alpins vector analysis. Materials and methods. The retrospective study group included 212 patients (259 eyes) with cataracts and baseline corneal astigmatism from 0.75 to 8.25 D. The patients were implanted with two varieties of toric IOLs: Alcon Acrysof Toric (113 patients, 135 eyes) and Zeiss AT Torbi 709M (99 patients, 124 eyes). IOL parameters were calculated using an IOLMaster 500 (Carl Zeiss) optical biometer, the target refraction being emmetropy. The axis of toric IOL alignment was determined by online calculators provided by the producers. The patients were divided into two groups in accordance with the marking method: group 1 patients (149 eyes) were marked using by the authors’ techniques that used the angular scale of the slit lamp, while group 2 (110 eyes) was treated with Verion (Alcon) and Callisto Eye (Zeiss) navigation systems. The effectiveness of astigmatism correction was assessed using the Alpins vector analysis method. Results. After surgery, both groups showed a significant increase in uncorrected (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). In group 1, one month after the operation, the UCVA was 0.67 ± 0.19, and the BCVA was 0.80 ± 0.17. In group 2, UCVA was 0.69 ± 0,07, and BCVA was 0.80 ± 0.49. The success index (IOS) was 0.14 in group 1 and 0.11 in group 2. The difference vector (DV) in the two groups was 0.37 and 0.31 D, respectively, suggesting highly precise astigmatism correction. The average error angle (AOfE) in group 1 was 3.29°, and in group 2 — 3.29°. The average value of the TIA vector was 2.69 ± 1.01 D along the axis of 87.3°, in group 1, while that of group 2 was 2.75 ± 1.09 D along the axis of 95.1°. The average values of the SIA vector were 2.32 ± 0.99 D along the axis of 870 in group 1 and — 2.44 ± 1.03 D along the axis of 99.6° in group 2. Conclusion. The authors’ markup method using the angular scale of the slit lamp yields high functional results of corneal astigmatism correction. The comparative vector analysis of the two study groups shows similar results in applying the authors’ type of markup and that of intraoperative navigation systems.
{"title":"A comparative analysis of the results of corneal astigmatism correction by toric IOL using various markup methods","authors":"I. Ioshin, A. O. Murashev, A. N. Demin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-29-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-29-35","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to analyze the results of corneal astigmatism correction by cataract surgery using two methods of marking the calculated toric IOL axis with Alpins vector analysis. Materials and methods. The retrospective study group included 212 patients (259 eyes) with cataracts and baseline corneal astigmatism from 0.75 to 8.25 D. The patients were implanted with two varieties of toric IOLs: Alcon Acrysof Toric (113 patients, 135 eyes) and Zeiss AT Torbi 709M (99 patients, 124 eyes). IOL parameters were calculated using an IOLMaster 500 (Carl Zeiss) optical biometer, the target refraction being emmetropy. The axis of toric IOL alignment was determined by online calculators provided by the producers. The patients were divided into two groups in accordance with the marking method: group 1 patients (149 eyes) were marked using by the authors’ techniques that used the angular scale of the slit lamp, while group 2 (110 eyes) was treated with Verion (Alcon) and Callisto Eye (Zeiss) navigation systems. The effectiveness of astigmatism correction was assessed using the Alpins vector analysis method. Results. After surgery, both groups showed a significant increase in uncorrected (UCVA) and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). In group 1, one month after the operation, the UCVA was 0.67 ± 0.19, and the BCVA was 0.80 ± 0.17. In group 2, UCVA was 0.69 ± 0,07, and BCVA was 0.80 ± 0.49. The success index (IOS) was 0.14 in group 1 and 0.11 in group 2. The difference vector (DV) in the two groups was 0.37 and 0.31 D, respectively, suggesting highly precise astigmatism correction. The average error angle (AOfE) in group 1 was 3.29°, and in group 2 — 3.29°. The average value of the TIA vector was 2.69 ± 1.01 D along the axis of 87.3°, in group 1, while that of group 2 was 2.75 ± 1.09 D along the axis of 95.1°. The average values of the SIA vector were 2.32 ± 0.99 D along the axis of 870 in group 1 and — 2.44 ± 1.03 D along the axis of 99.6° in group 2. Conclusion. The authors’ markup method using the angular scale of the slit lamp yields high functional results of corneal astigmatism correction. The comparative vector analysis of the two study groups shows similar results in applying the authors’ type of markup and that of intraoperative navigation systems.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42678773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-16-21
I. Gndoyan, N. A. Adelshina, A. V. Petrayevsky, V. V. Kovilin
Purpose: to assess the degree of parents’ compliance of children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the active phase of the disease and to identify the factors affecting the formation of the compliance. Material and methods. 73 parents (67 mothers and 6 fathers) of active phase ROP-patients were surveyed using a replenishable database created in Google Forms The respondents’ age ranged from 22 to 46 years (averagely, 32.5 ± 2.0 years). The questionnaire involved socio-demographic characteristics (the parents’ age and gender, place of residence, education; gestational age of the child at the time of birth, the child’ age at the moment of the parental survey) and the data on the communication with medical personnel and adherence to their recommendations. The survey had multiple choice and open-type questions. The criteria for compliance included exact adherence to the recommendations of the attending physician and the approval of their actions concerning the main treatment features (using of medications, resorting to surgery, i.e. laser coagulation of the retina, dynamic multi-stage ophthalmological observation). Results. 90.4 % of the respondents received basic information about the eye disease of their child from an ophthalmologist. 15.1 % of respondents mentioned additional printed sources, and 20.5 %, the Internet resources. High levels of satisfaction concerned the completeness of the information received from the doctor (76.7 %) and the appointment of diagnostic examinations and laser coagulation of the retina (100 %). The highest compliance rates were found in parents over 36 yrs. and in the parents of patients with severe posterior aggressive ROP. The level of education, place of residence, the degree of prematurity of the child had no significant impact on the assessment of the competence of the ophthalmologist. Conclusion. ROP has specific clinical and psychological features that require high professionalism, and communication skills of neonatologists and ophthalmologists. It is expedient that a clinical psychologist participates in the treatment process so as to ensure timely correction of compliance disorders of the parents of a premature infant.
{"title":"The role of parental compliance in the ophthalmological rehabilitation of patients in the active phase of retinopathy of prematurity","authors":"I. Gndoyan, N. A. Adelshina, A. V. Petrayevsky, V. V. Kovilin","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-16-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2023-16-1-16-21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to assess the degree of parents’ compliance of children with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the active phase of the disease and to identify the factors affecting the formation of the compliance. Material and methods. 73 parents (67 mothers and 6 fathers) of active phase ROP-patients were surveyed using a replenishable database created in Google Forms The respondents’ age ranged from 22 to 46 years (averagely, 32.5 ± 2.0 years). The questionnaire involved socio-demographic characteristics (the parents’ age and gender, place of residence, education; gestational age of the child at the time of birth, the child’ age at the moment of the parental survey) and the data on the communication with medical personnel and adherence to their recommendations. The survey had multiple choice and open-type questions. The criteria for compliance included exact adherence to the recommendations of the attending physician and the approval of their actions concerning the main treatment features (using of medications, resorting to surgery, i.e. laser coagulation of the retina, dynamic multi-stage ophthalmological observation). Results. 90.4 % of the respondents received basic information about the eye disease of their child from an ophthalmologist. 15.1 % of respondents mentioned additional printed sources, and 20.5 %, the Internet resources. High levels of satisfaction concerned the completeness of the information received from the doctor (76.7 %) and the appointment of diagnostic examinations and laser coagulation of the retina (100 %). The highest compliance rates were found in parents over 36 yrs. and in the parents of patients with severe posterior aggressive ROP. The level of education, place of residence, the degree of prematurity of the child had no significant impact on the assessment of the competence of the ophthalmologist. Conclusion. ROP has specific clinical and psychological features that require high professionalism, and communication skills of neonatologists and ophthalmologists. It is expedient that a clinical psychologist participates in the treatment process so as to ensure timely correction of compliance disorders of the parents of a premature infant.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43801585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-95-101
I. Trifanenkova, A. V. Tereshchenko, E. Erokhina
Purpose: to study the state of blood flow in the ocular arteries of patients with various forms, stages and course types of active retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Material and methods. Colour duplex scanning was performed by colour Doppler mapping and pulsed Doppler sonography for 55 premature babies (55 eyes) with active ROP and 8 premature babies (8 eyes) without ROP signs. The children’s gestation age was 25 to 32 weeks, and the body weight at birth was 680 to1760 g. Blood flow was examined in the ophthalmic artery (OA), the central retinal artery (CRA) and the medial and lateral posterior short ciliary arteries (PSCA). Results. The ophthalmic artery revealed no significant differences between the children with ROP and without ROP, except for a significant increase in the peak systolic velocity (Vsyst) in an unfavorable course of stage III of ROP. The development of aggressive posterior ROP is accompanied by a statistically insignificant decrease in blood flow velocity of OA. Hemodynamic parameters of CRA indicate an increase in peripheral vascular resistance in children with an unfavorable course of ROP. A significant increase of Vsyst in the posterior short ciliary arteries was revealed in children with an unfavorable course of stages I–III of ROP and Vsyst, and Vdiast (diastolic blood flow velocity) in children with aggressive posterior ROP as compared with children without ROP. A pronounced impact of the ROP course (favorable or unfavorable) on the Vsyst, Vdiast, and PI indicators in the posterior short ciliary arteries was revealed. The most informative hemodynamic parameters in predicting the course of active ROP are Vsyst and Vdiast values in the ophthalmic artery and Vsyst in the posterior short ciliary arteries. The least informative were the hemodynamic parameters of the central retinal artery. Conclusion. The assessment of hemodynamic changes in eye arteries may be used as an additional diagnostic criterion in the early diagnosis of ROP.
{"title":"The state of ocular arterial blood flow in active retinopathy of prematurity","authors":"I. Trifanenkova, A. V. Tereshchenko, E. Erokhina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-95-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-95-101","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to study the state of blood flow in the ocular arteries of patients with various forms, stages and course types of active retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Material and methods. Colour duplex scanning was performed by colour Doppler mapping and pulsed Doppler sonography for 55 premature babies (55 eyes) with active ROP and 8 premature babies (8 eyes) without ROP signs. The children’s gestation age was 25 to 32 weeks, and the body weight at birth was 680 to1760 g. Blood flow was examined in the ophthalmic artery (OA), the central retinal artery (CRA) and the medial and lateral posterior short ciliary arteries (PSCA). Results. The ophthalmic artery revealed no significant differences between the children with ROP and without ROP, except for a significant increase in the peak systolic velocity (Vsyst) in an unfavorable course of stage III of ROP. The development of aggressive posterior ROP is accompanied by a statistically insignificant decrease in blood flow velocity of OA. Hemodynamic parameters of CRA indicate an increase in peripheral vascular resistance in children with an unfavorable course of ROP. A significant increase of Vsyst in the posterior short ciliary arteries was revealed in children with an unfavorable course of stages I–III of ROP and Vsyst, and Vdiast (diastolic blood flow velocity) in children with aggressive posterior ROP as compared with children without ROP. A pronounced impact of the ROP course (favorable or unfavorable) on the Vsyst, Vdiast, and PI indicators in the posterior short ciliary arteries was revealed. The most informative hemodynamic parameters in predicting the course of active ROP are Vsyst and Vdiast values in the ophthalmic artery and Vsyst in the posterior short ciliary arteries. The least informative were the hemodynamic parameters of the central retinal artery. Conclusion. The assessment of hemodynamic changes in eye arteries may be used as an additional diagnostic criterion in the early diagnosis of ROP.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42169129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-102-106
I. Filatova, Y. Pavlenko, N. S. Izmailova, A. A. Zharov, S. A. Shemetov, I. N. Ponomarev, N. Borovkova
Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-scar treatment of eyelid tissues with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) lysate by pathomorphological examination. Material and methods. 20 patients (men aged 27–64 years with eyelid scars caused by traumatic tissue rupture) underwent reconstructive plastic surgery on their eyelids. All patients had similar injuries and traumatic agents, the type and localization of the scar, and the same duration of the post-traumatic period (12 months after the injury). The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the application of anti-scar treatment using PRP lysate in the preoperative period. The treatment consisted in injecting a personalized biotransplant into the scar tissue. During the surgery, a fragment of scar tissue was taken from each patient for pathomorphological examination. Results. In the control group, the pathomorphological picture was of the same type and corresponded to the third phase of wound healing with remodeling and the formation of a rough scar. The third phase of wound healing with scar remodeling in patients of the main group was characterized by significantly less pronounced fibrotic-dystrophic changes in both cellular and stromal components of the dermis and hypodermis. Conclusion. In the main group with PRP lysate therapy, scar tissue was characterized by significantly less pronounced fibrotic-dystrophic changes in both cellular and stromal components of the dermis and hypodermis as compared to the control group. The observed morphological picture was close to a complete involution of the scar with its restructuring, approaching the normal histoarchitectonics of the dermis and hypodermis.
{"title":"Pathomorphological features of eyelid tissue scarring after treatment with platelet-rich plasma","authors":"I. Filatova, Y. Pavlenko, N. S. Izmailova, A. A. Zharov, S. A. Shemetov, I. N. Ponomarev, N. Borovkova","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-102-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-102-106","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-scar treatment of eyelid tissues with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) lysate by pathomorphological examination. Material and methods. 20 patients (men aged 27–64 years with eyelid scars caused by traumatic tissue rupture) underwent reconstructive plastic surgery on their eyelids. All patients had similar injuries and traumatic agents, the type and localization of the scar, and the same duration of the post-traumatic period (12 months after the injury). The patients were divided into 2 groups depending on the application of anti-scar treatment using PRP lysate in the preoperative period. The treatment consisted in injecting a personalized biotransplant into the scar tissue. During the surgery, a fragment of scar tissue was taken from each patient for pathomorphological examination. Results. In the control group, the pathomorphological picture was of the same type and corresponded to the third phase of wound healing with remodeling and the formation of a rough scar. The third phase of wound healing with scar remodeling in patients of the main group was characterized by significantly less pronounced fibrotic-dystrophic changes in both cellular and stromal components of the dermis and hypodermis. Conclusion. In the main group with PRP lysate therapy, scar tissue was characterized by significantly less pronounced fibrotic-dystrophic changes in both cellular and stromal components of the dermis and hypodermis as compared to the control group. The observed morphological picture was close to a complete involution of the scar with its restructuring, approaching the normal histoarchitectonics of the dermis and hypodermis.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48078043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-166-172
T. V. Chernyakova, H. Y. Zargaryan, A. Brezhnev, O. N. Onufriychuk, I. Gazizova, А. V. Seleznev, А. V. Kuroyedov
The literature analysis confirms the interrelationship of thyroid gland pathology and glaucoma. Patients with diffusetoxic goiter (DTG) and endemic goiter have an especially high risk of developing glaucoma, while those with autoimmune thyroiditis face a moderate risk. The prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients over 40 with endocrine ophthalmopathy is reliably associated with the male gender and the duration of the disease longer than 60 months. An increased risk of POAG is noted in men with hypothyroidism averagely aged 69. In most cases, ophthalmic hypertension that accompanies endocrine pathology does not need any topical hypotensive treatment. The main pathogenetically validated therapy of thyroid disorders results in a reduction of IOP level and an improvement of fluid outflow from the eye.
{"title":"Thyroid disorders and their role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma","authors":"T. V. Chernyakova, H. Y. Zargaryan, A. Brezhnev, O. N. Onufriychuk, I. Gazizova, А. V. Seleznev, А. V. Kuroyedov","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-166-172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-166-172","url":null,"abstract":"The literature analysis confirms the interrelationship of thyroid gland pathology and glaucoma. Patients with diffusetoxic goiter (DTG) and endemic goiter have an especially high risk of developing glaucoma, while those with autoimmune thyroiditis face a moderate risk. The prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in patients over 40 with endocrine ophthalmopathy is reliably associated with the male gender and the duration of the disease longer than 60 months. An increased risk of POAG is noted in men with hypothyroidism averagely aged 69. In most cases, ophthalmic hypertension that accompanies endocrine pathology does not need any topical hypotensive treatment. The main pathogenetically validated therapy of thyroid disorders results in a reduction of IOP level and an improvement of fluid outflow from the eye.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47718249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-72-76
M. P. Ruchkin, E. Markelova, G. A. Fedyashev, V. E. Krasnikov
Purpose. To detect the levels of transform growth factors-β (TGF- β1, TGF- β2, TGF- β3), interferon-ʏ (INF- ʏ), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and S100B protein in blood serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to reveal the connection of these factors with neurodegenerative changes in the retina. Material and methods. 30 patients, averagely aged 60.3, with type 2 DM and no signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (the main group) and 30 healthy individuals (control group) were examined using microperimetry and optical coherence tomography. A sandwich variance estimator of solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of TGF- β 1, TGF- β2, TGF- β3, INF- ʏ, ММР-9 and S100B protein in blood serum of the subjects examined. Results. The patients with type 2 DM were found to experience an increased level of focal loss of retinal ganglion cells and a drop in the average photosensitivity of the retina. The main group also showed a reliable increase in the level of S100B protein and in the serum level of MMP-9 against the control, but no significant difference between the groups was found in the level of TIMP-1. The level of TGF- β2 was significantly higher in the main group, which also showed a deficiency of TGF- β3. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the levels of TGF- β1 or INF- ʏ. In contrast, a positive correlation was revealed between the levels of S100B, MMP-9 and the volume of focal loss of retinal ganglion cells. Conclusion. Patients with type 2 DM and signs of neurodegeneration of the retina reveal a higher activity of some cytokines and MMP-9. This may indicate an important role of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of the immune system in the retinal neurodegeneration process of DM patients. Further research of other cytokins is required to determine early and more sensitive markers of retinal neurodegeneration.
{"title":"The role of innate immune system mediators in the development of retinal neurodegeneration in type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"M. P. Ruchkin, E. Markelova, G. A. Fedyashev, V. E. Krasnikov","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-72-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-72-76","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To detect the levels of transform growth factors-β (TGF- β1, TGF- β2, TGF- β3), interferon-ʏ (INF- ʏ), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and S100B protein in blood serum of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to reveal the connection of these factors with neurodegenerative changes in the retina. Material and methods. 30 patients, averagely aged 60.3, with type 2 DM and no signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) (the main group) and 30 healthy individuals (control group) were examined using microperimetry and optical coherence tomography. A sandwich variance estimator of solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of TGF- β 1, TGF- β2, TGF- β3, INF- ʏ, ММР-9 and S100B protein in blood serum of the subjects examined. Results. The patients with type 2 DM were found to experience an increased level of focal loss of retinal ganglion cells and a drop in the average photosensitivity of the retina. The main group also showed a reliable increase in the level of S100B protein and in the serum level of MMP-9 against the control, but no significant difference between the groups was found in the level of TIMP-1. The level of TGF- β2 was significantly higher in the main group, which also showed a deficiency of TGF- β3. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the levels of TGF- β1 or INF- ʏ. In contrast, a positive correlation was revealed between the levels of S100B, MMP-9 and the volume of focal loss of retinal ganglion cells. Conclusion. Patients with type 2 DM and signs of neurodegeneration of the retina reveal a higher activity of some cytokines and MMP-9. This may indicate an important role of neuroinflammation and dysfunction of the immune system in the retinal neurodegeneration process of DM patients. Further research of other cytokins is required to determine early and more sensitive markers of retinal neurodegeneration.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41417354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-14DOI: 10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-84-88
E. I. Saidasheva, E. V. Plotnikova, S. V. Bilichenko, V. I. Shilina
Purpose: to assess the organizational effectiveness of ophthalmic observation of premature infants in pediatric follow-up in St. Petersburg. Material and methods. We analyzed the reports submitted by city interdistrict ophthalmological facilities for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the observation department for premature infants for the period from July 1, 2018 to July 1, 2021 available at the children's multidisciplinary hospital. Results. In St. Petersburg, 6 interdistrict ophthalmological facilities perform regular monitoring of ROP children and a daytime in-patient clinic offers interdisciplinary treatment and early rehabilitation of infants with perinatal pathology accompanying severe prematurity. The data on the frequency of ROP and other visual disorders in children born prematurely are presented. Conclusions. Interdistrict observation facilities are a modern form of regular ophthalmic follow-up of premature infants of risk groups or ROP infants who live in conditions of a large city. A promising observation model of children with combined perinatal pathology and severe prematurity is the setting of a department (daytime in-patient facility) in the children's multidisciplinary hospital. This allows assessing the general health of this critical group of population" and ensure a timely start of combined interdisciplinary treatment and medical rehabilitation.
{"title":"Organizational models of ophthalmic observation of premature children in pediatric follow-up","authors":"E. I. Saidasheva, E. V. Plotnikova, S. V. Bilichenko, V. I. Shilina","doi":"10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-84-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21516/2072-0076-2022-15-4-84-88","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to assess the organizational effectiveness of ophthalmic observation of premature infants in pediatric follow-up in St. Petersburg. Material and methods. We analyzed the reports submitted by city interdistrict ophthalmological facilities for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and the observation department for premature infants for the period from July 1, 2018 to July 1, 2021 available at the children's multidisciplinary hospital. Results. In St. Petersburg, 6 interdistrict ophthalmological facilities perform regular monitoring of ROP children and a daytime in-patient clinic offers interdisciplinary treatment and early rehabilitation of infants with perinatal pathology accompanying severe prematurity. The data on the frequency of ROP and other visual disorders in children born prematurely are presented. Conclusions. Interdistrict observation facilities are a modern form of regular ophthalmic follow-up of premature infants of risk groups or ROP infants who live in conditions of a large city. A promising observation model of children with combined perinatal pathology and severe prematurity is the setting of a department (daytime in-patient facility) in the children's multidisciplinary hospital. This allows assessing the general health of this critical group of population\" and ensure a timely start of combined interdisciplinary treatment and medical rehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":36080,"journal":{"name":"Rossiiskii Oftal''mologicheskii Zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49019602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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